CN115873588B - Propping agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Propping agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115873588B CN115873588B CN202211518157.4A CN202211518157A CN115873588B CN 115873588 B CN115873588 B CN 115873588B CN 202211518157 A CN202211518157 A CN 202211518157A CN 115873588 B CN115873588 B CN 115873588B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004063 acid-resistant material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 10
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a proppant and a method of preparing the same, the proppant comprising: a proppant particle and a coating layer coating the surface of the proppant particle, the proppant particle being a solid waste particle, the coating layer comprising: water, inorganic adhesive, organic adhesive, acid-resistant material, curing agent and powder; the preparation method comprises the steps of taking solid waste particles as propping agent particles, stirring the solid waste particles and water, adding a gel material, bonding the solid waste particles on the surfaces of the solid waste particles to obtain semi-finished product particles, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a granulator until the semi-finished product particles are not bonded, curing at normal temperature, and screening to obtain the propping agent. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the solid waste particles are utilized to be subjected to wet stirring and grinding edges and corners to carry out powder-making-free granulation, the inorganic adhesive is used for bonding the ground scraps on the surfaces of the solid waste particles, so that the sphericity and strength of the propping agent are improved, and the acid resistance is improved; simple process, reduced waste discharge, no high temperature sintering and energy saving.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure belongs to the technical field of fracturing propping agents for petroleum, natural gas and shale gas, and particularly relates to a propping agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hydraulic fracturing is an important measure for increasing the yield and injection of oil and gas fields, and has good effect in increasing the yield and improving the oil and gas reservoirs. The high-viscosity fluid is injected into a well by using a ground high-pressure pump set, high pressure is formed at the bottom of the well, when the bottom-hole pressure is greater than the fracture pressure of a stratum, a crack is generated, sand-carrying fluid with propping agent is continuously injected, the crack extends forward and is filled with propping agent, and after well shut-in and flowback, the crack is closed on the propping agent, so that the crack is supported, thereby forming a sand-filling crack with high diversion in a reservoir, and finally achieving the purposes of increasing production and injection.
Propping agents are used as important raw materials in fracturing construction, and currently are mainly divided into three main categories: quartz sand propping agent, ceramsite propping agent and tectorial membrane propping agent. The raw materials of the quartz sand propping agent generally adopt natural aeolian sand, in recent years, part of areas adopt quartz rock ore, the main raw materials of the ceramsite propping agent are bauxite and the like, and the main raw materials of the film coating propping agent are quartz sand, ceramsite and the like. These materials are obtained by exploiting mineral resources. Meanwhile, large amounts of solid waste in China are piled up like mountains, so that huge pollution is caused to the environment, and resource application is urgent.
At present, the process for preparing the propping agent by adopting solid waste mainly adopts all the processes of grinding and granulating, the granules are ground and then granulated, a large amount of power is required to be consumed in the powder preparation process, meanwhile, the dust is serious, the energy conservation and the environmental protection are not facilitated, meanwhile, the high-temperature sintering is required after the granulation, and the energy consumption is increased. There is also a process of directly coating solid waste particles with a composite material, but the edges and corners of the particles are obvious, and a large amount of powder and binder are consumed in order to achieve the sphericity required by the standard of the propping agent. Above, the preparation of propping agent by solid waste can not be realized, so that the propping agent is energy-saving and environment-friendly, but consumes more raw materials and energy.
The prior art has at least the following problems:
at present, the process for preparing the propping agent by adopting solid waste mainly adopts the steps of pulverizing, granulating, sintering or maintaining, and the like, so that a large amount of energy and binder are required to be consumed, dust and the like are easy to generate in the preparation process to pollute the environment, and meanwhile, a large amount of energy is required in the sintering process after pulverizing and granulating, so that the energy conservation and the environmental protection cannot be completely realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a proppant and a preparation method thereof.
One aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a proppant. The proppants include: a proppant particle and a coating layer coating the surface of the proppant particle, the proppant particle being a solid waste particle, the coating layer comprising: water, inorganic adhesive, organic adhesive, acid-resistant material, curing agent and powder.
Optionally, the solid waste particles comprise copper slag and/or stainless steel slag; the solid waste particles and the coating layer comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of solid waste particles, 7.5 to 17.5 parts of water, 7.5 to 17.5 parts of inorganic adhesive, 1.25 to 3.75 parts of organic adhesive, 5 to 10 parts of acid-resistant material, 0.25 to 0.5 part of curing agent and 1.25 to 5 parts of powder.
Optionally, the acid-resistant material includes: one or more of active silicon micro powder, quartz powder, glass micro beads and floating beads; the powder is quartz powder or active silicon micropowder.
Optionally, the inorganic adhesive is cement, and the organic adhesive is resin.
Optionally, the particle size of the solid waste particles ranges from 850 μm to 106 μm.
Optionally, the proppant has a bulk density in the range of 1.30g/cm 3 ～
1.60g/cm 3 The apparent density range is 2.50g/cm 3 ～2.70g/cm 3 The crushing rate ranges from 3.0% to 6.5% under a closing pressure of 52 MPa.
Another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure provides a proppant manufacturing method as described above. The method comprises the following steps:
putting the solid waste particles and water into a granulator for stirring;
sequentially adding an inorganic adhesive, an organic adhesive, acid-resistant materials and a curing agent into the granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product particles, wherein the adding mode of the inorganic adhesive in the granulation process is sectional supplement;
and transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pan granulator, adding powder, continuously granulating until the semi-finished product particles are not adhered, curing at normal temperature for at least 12 hours, and screening to obtain the propping agent.
Optionally, the adding mode of the inorganic adhesive in the granulating process is a sectional supplementing mode, which comprises the following steps: the inorganic adhesive is added in four times.
Optionally, the placing the solid waste particles and water into a granulator for stirring comprises: the rotational speed of the granulator is adjusted to 2000 r/min-2800 r/min, and the granulator is stirred for 20min to over
40min。
Optionally, the inorganic adhesive, the organic adhesive, the acid-resistant material and the curing agent are sequentially added into the granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product particles, wherein the adding mode of the inorganic adhesive in the granulation process is segmented addition, and the method comprises the following steps: the rotational speed of the granulator is adjusted to 800 r/min-1500 r/min, the interval is 1 min-3 min, and after the inorganic adhesive is added for 4 times, the granulation is continued for 5 min-15 min;
adding the organic adhesive into the granulator, and stirring for 3-7 min;
adding the acid-resistant material into the granulator, and stirring for 1-5 min;
and adding the curing agent into the granulator, and stirring for 1-2 min.
In the propping agent disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the solid waste particles are used as propping agent particles, so that the resource utilization of the solid waste is realized, the waste emission is reduced, and the resource waste is avoided; in the preparation process of the propping agent, wet grinding is adopted, solid waste particles and water are stirred and then added with an inorganic adhesive, a composite film coating technology is adopted, the inorganic adhesive is adopted, scraps generated by edges and corners of the solid waste particles ground in the stirring process are bonded to the surfaces of the solid waste particles in the form of aggregates, the defects on the surfaces of the particles are filled, the sphericity and the strength of the propping agent are improved, and the acid resistance of the propping agent can be improved by adding powder instead of grinding the solid waste particles into powder and granulating; compared with the existing powder preparation and granulation processes, the proppant disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure is simple in preparation process, avoids high-temperature sintering, saves energy and reduces dust pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a magnified topography under a microscope of solid waste particles for making proppants in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a magnified view of a semi-finished particle under a microscope obtained during proppant preparation in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a magnified view of a proppant prepared according to an embodiment of the present disclosure under a microscope;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a proppant manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a proppant comprising: a proppant particle and a coating layer coating the surface of the proppant particle, the proppant particle being a solid waste particle, the coating layer comprising: water, inorganic adhesive, organic adhesive, acid-resistant material, curing agent and powder.
As one example, the solid waste particles are copper slag and/or stainless steel slag, etc.; the embodiment of the disclosure selects one solid waste particle with the particle size range of 850-425 μm, 600-300 μm, 425-212 μm and 212-106 μm as the propping agent particle; the proppant particles with the particle size range are obtained by crushing, screening and other processes of solid waste particles.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the solid waste particles are used as the propping agent particles, so that the full recycling of the solid waste particles can be realized at one time, and the waste emission and the resource waste are reduced. In the embodiment of the disclosure, water is used as a raw material for preparing the propping agent and also plays a role in dust prevention and grinding assistance; the inorganic adhesive, the organic adhesive and the curing agent are used as gel materials and are used as main materials of a propping agent coating layer, and the inorganic adhesive can bond fragments ground by the solid waste particles on the surface of the solid waste particles in the granulating process so as to improve the sphericity and strength of the propping agent; the acid-resistant material can improve the acid resistance of the propping agent, and some acid-resistant materials can also play a role in reducing the particle density of the propping agent, and the effects achieved by selecting different acid-resistant materials are different; the powder has the functions of preventing adhesion and improving acid resistance of the propping agent, and the coating layer has the functions of improving acid resistance of the propping agent and improving sphericity and strength of the propping agent.
Illustratively, the solid waste particles and the coating layer comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of solid waste particles, 7.5 to 17.5 parts of water, 7.5 to 17.5 parts of inorganic adhesive, 1.25 to 3.75 parts of organic adhesive, 5 to 10 parts of acid-resistant material, 0.25 to 0.5 part of curing agent and 1.25 to 5 parts of powder.
As an example, each performance parameter of the proppant prepared by adopting the above solid waste particles and the coating layer to form parts by weight may meet a target standard, where the target standard may be an industry recommended standard, and is not described herein.
Illustratively, the acid resistant material includes: one or more of active silicon micro powder, quartz powder, glass micro beads and floating beads; the powder is quartz powder or active silicon micropowder.
As one example, the silica fume is 325 mesh active silica fume, and the silica fume and the quartz fume can improve the acid resistance of the proppant; the quartz powder may be an active quartz powder. The glass bead according to the embodiment of the disclosure is a hollow glass bead, and compared with other acid-resistant materials, the hollow glass bead has high strength and low density, can also play a role in reducing the density of proppant particles, and also has the effect of the glass bead, and is not repeated here.
Illustratively, the inorganic adhesive is cement; the organic adhesive is resin.
As one example, the cement has the effect of increasing the strength of the proppant; different types of cement may be selected to enhance the strength of the proppant depending on the situation. The solid waste particles can be solid waste particles which are crushed to a certain particle size, such as copper slag particles, stainless steel slag particles and the like with gelling activity, and the copper slag particles and the stainless steel slag particles have certain activity, so that scraps formed by grinding edges and corners of the stainless steel slag particles in the granulating process are hydrated with cement to generate hardening products, and the overall strength of the propping agent is improved. The organic adhesive can be aqueous epoxy resin, the epoxy value of the aqueous epoxy resin ranges from 0.2 to 0.4, and the viscosity ranges from 500 mPas to 5000 mPas. The curing agent can be a water-soluble imidazole curing agent or other water-soluble low-temperature epoxy curing agents. Because the water content of the inner core of the propping agent particles is higher, the water-based epoxy resin or the water-soluble imidazole curing agent can be well combined with the inner core of the propping agent particles, so that the strength of the propping agent is improved, and meanwhile, the acid solubility of the propping agent is reduced.
Illustratively, the solid waste particles have a particle size in the range of 850 μm to 106 μm.
As an example, the particle size range of the solid waste particles in the embodiments of the present disclosure may increase the application range of the solid waste particles, and the solid waste particles with different particle size ranges may be selected according to different needs to prepare the corresponding propping agent.
Illustratively, the proppant has a bulk density in the range of 1.30g/cm 3 ～1.60g/cm 3 The apparent density range is 2.50g/cm 3 ～2.70g/cm 3 The crushing rate ranges from 3.0% to 6.5% under a closing pressure of 52 MPa.
As an example, the proppant has an acid solubility ranging from 3.0% to 5.0% and a turbidity ranging from 18NTU to 34NTU, and a sphericity of not less than 0.8.
Another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure provides a proppant manufacturing method S100 as described above. As shown in fig. 4, the method S100 includes:
s110, placing the solid waste particles and water into a granulator for stirring.
As an example, the method further comprises: pre-treating the original solid waste particles before step S110 to obtain proppant particles with a preset particle size range; the pretreatment method comprises the steps of crushing and the like, and solid waste particles with a preset particle size range are selected as corresponding propping agent particles after crushing. The solid waste particles can be copper slag particles and/or stainless steel slag particles and the like.
In the step, solid waste particles with a preset particle size range and water are placed into a granulator according to preset parts by weight to be stirred, so that the solid waste particles and the water are uniformly mixed, the edges and corners of the solid waste particles are ground in the stirring process, and the sphericity of the solid waste particles is increased. The solid waste particles put into the granulator are 100 parts by weight, the weight of the solid waste particles can be 7.5-17.5 parts by weight, the water can prevent dust pollution generated by the solid waste particles in the stirring process, the grinding is facilitated, the water is also used as a raw material for preparing the propping agent, the water content of the solid waste particles is increased, and the particle size of the solid waste particles can be one of 850-425 mu m, 600-300 mu m, 425-212 mu m and 212-106 mu m. According to the proppant preparation process, powder is not needed to be prepared, and then granulation is carried out, solid waste particles with a preset particle size range are put into a granulator and are uniformly stirred, edges and corners of the solid waste particles are ground in the stirring process, so that the sphericity of the solid waste particles is increased, the consumption of powder, inorganic adhesive, organic adhesive and the like of a coating layer is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the embodiment of the disclosure realizes the resource utilization of solid waste, realizes the link of high-temperature sintering free because of powder preparation free and granulation free, and saves a large amount of energy.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the placing solid waste particles and water into a granulator for agitation includes: the rotational speed of the granulator is adjusted to 2000 r/min-2800 r/min, and the granulator is stirred for 20 min-40 min.
As an example, the granulator described herein is a high-speed granulator, the solid waste particles are stirred by the high-speed granulator, the rotation speed and the stirring time of the granulator can be adjusted according to the capacity of the high-speed granulator, the capacity of the high-speed granulator is large, the relative stirring speed can be reduced, otherwise, the capacity of the granulator is small, the stirring speed can be increased, and the stirring time can be also adjusted appropriately. Through the granulator stirring can be so that solid waste granule and water misce bene, also can grind away the edges and corners of solid waste granule, increase the sphericity of solid waste granule, the person skilled in the art can select the granulator of appropriate model according to actual conditions, and this is not repeated here.
S120, sequentially adding the inorganic adhesive, the organic adhesive, the acid-resistant material and the curing agent into the granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product particles, wherein the inorganic adhesive is added in a sectional supplementing mode in the granulation process.
As an example, this step and step S110 achieve preliminary granulation, the granulator being a high-speed granulator or a powerful granulator, that is, a granulator that can rotate at a high speed, can achieve uniform stirring, and is sufficiently powered, and the high-speed granulator can rotate at a speed up to several thousand revolutions per second. The inorganic adhesive can be cement; the organic adhesive may be a resin, preferably, the organic adhesive may be an aqueous epoxy resin; the acid-resistant material can be one or more of 325 mesh active silicon micropowder, quartz powder, glass microsphere and floating bead; the curing agent can be a water-soluble imidazole curing agent or other water-soluble low-temperature epoxy curing agents. The solid waste particles can be copper slag particles and/or stainless steel slag particles and the like, wherein the stainless steel slag particles and the copper slag particles have certain activity, so that scraps formed by grinding edges of the solid waste particles in the granulating process are hydrated with cement to generate hardening products to be coated on the surfaces of the solid waste particles, and the overall strength of the propping agent is improved. The solid waste particles are subjected to wet grinding, have higher water content, and can be better combined with an aqueous binder and a water-soluble curing agent. The embodiment of the disclosure adopts a composite film coating technology, wherein the composite film coating technology mainly adopts inorganic adhesive and solid waste scraps to carry out primary film coating, then organic adhesive and inorganic acid-resistant materials are used for carrying out secondary film coating and above, and the inorganic acid-resistant materials are used as filling materials of the organic adhesive, so that the thickness of a coating layer is effectively increased, the defects of the surfaces of particles are filled, and the sphericity is improved. The active substance, namely the active silicon micropowder, is used as the filling material of the organic adhesive, so that the adhesion between the acid-resistant material and the organic adhesive can be improved. The edges and corners of the solid waste particles are ground to form scraps, and the scraps are coated on the surfaces of the solid waste particles through inorganic adhesive by using aggregate, so that the sphericity and the strength of the proppant particles are improved; bonding one or more of active silica micropowder, quartz powder or glass beads on the surfaces of the solid waste particles by using an organic adhesive; the acid resistance of the propping agent particles can be improved by adopting the active silicon micro powder and the quartz powder, and the acid solubility is reduced; the use of glass microspheres also has the effect of reducing the proppant particle density.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, stirring and granulating the solid waste particles are performed in one granulator, and the granulator completes stirring, grinding and coating granulation, so that loss and pollution in a raw material transferring process by using a plurality of devices are reduced, labor cost is reduced, and process efficiency is improved.
The method for adding the inorganic adhesive in the granulating process is exemplified by sectional supplementing, which comprises the following steps: the inorganic adhesive is added in four times.
As an example, the inorganic adhesive is added in a sectional manner in the granulating process, so that the inorganic adhesive gradually fills the defects of the surface of the solid waste particles, such as pits, and the like, and gradually increases the sphericity and strength of the propping agent, so that the filling effect is better.
The method for granulating the inorganic adhesive, the organic adhesive, the acid-resistant material and the curing agent in the granulator sequentially to obtain semi-finished granules is illustrated in fig. 3, wherein the adding mode of the inorganic adhesive in the granulating process is a sectional addition method, and the method comprises the following steps: the rotational speed of the granulator is adjusted to 800 r/min-1500 r/min, the interval is 1 min-3 min, and after the inorganic adhesive is added for 4 times, the granulation is continued for 5 min-15 min;
adding the organic adhesive into the granulator, and stirring for 3-7 min.
Adding the acid-resistant material into the granulator, and stirring for 1-5 min.
And adding the curing agent into the granulator, and stirring for 1-2 min.
As an example, the inorganic adhesive is added to the granulator for 4 times, so that defects such as depressions on the surface of the solid waste particles can be gradually compensated, and the strength of the propping agent can be increased. When the inorganic adhesive is cement, fragments ground by the edges and corners of the solid waste particles and the cement are subjected to hydration reaction and attached to the surfaces of the solid waste particles, so that the overall strength of the propping agent is improved. The cement is added into the granulator for 4 times, so that the surface pits and the like of the solid waste particles can be gradually filled, the coating tends to be perfect, the sphericity is improved, and the yield is improved.
The organic adhesive is aqueous epoxy resin, is coated on the surfaces of the solid waste particles, improves sphericity, and can also coat acid-resistant materials on the surfaces of the solid waste particles; when the organic adhesive is an aqueous adhesive, the organic adhesive is beneficial to combining with the solid waste particles; when the acid-resistant material is active silica micropowder and active quartz powder, the acid-resistant performance of the proppant particles can be improved, and when the acid-resistant material adopts glass microspheres, the acid-resistant performance of the proppant particles can be improved, and the density of the proppant particles can be reduced. The active silica powder and the active quartz powder can be combined with the organic adhesive to improve the strength of a coating layer, and in addition, the active silica powder and the active quartz powder have stronger acid resistance, so that the acid resistance of a finished product can be improved; it can be understood that the curing agent can be a water-soluble imidazole curing agent or other water-soluble low-temperature epoxy curing agents, and the water-soluble curing agent can be better coated on the surfaces of the solid waste particles to complete granulation.
S130, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pan granulator, adding powder, continuously granulating until the semi-finished product particles are not adhered, curing at normal temperature for at least 12 hours, and screening to obtain the propping agent.
As an example, the semi-finished granules are transferred to a pan granulator, firstly to increase the sphericity of the propping agent, secondly to promote the penetration of the organic adhesive, the acid-resistant material and the curing agent to the surface of the solid waste granules through the cement layer, and to increase the cohesive force with the solid waste granules to prevent shelling. The granulation process of the round pan granulator enables particles to rub and collide with each other, the surface layer coating material of the semi-finished product particles is enabled to be more compact, liquid is enabled to exude, the surface of the semi-finished product particles is enabled to be smoother in the friction process, meanwhile, the rotating speed of the round pan granulator is low, only tens of revolutions per second, the primary curing effect is achieved, and the semi-finished product particles reach initial setting. The powder may be a powder for preventing adhesion, such as quartz powder. The powder is quartz powder, so that the acid resistance of the propping agent can be improved. Curing for at least 12 hours at normal temperature, avoiding heating and saving energy and materials. If heating curing is performed, curing time can be reduced, and process efficiency can be improved.
Example 1
A proppant preparation method S100 comprising the steps of:
s110, respectively adding 4kg of stainless steel slag with the grain size ranging from 850 mu m to 425 mu m and 0.5kg of stainless steel slag into a powerful granulator, opening equipment, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 2000r/min, and stirring for 40min.
S120, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 1000r/min, adding 0.5kg of cement at intervals of 2min for 4 times, continuously granulating for 10min, adding 0.1kg of aqueous epoxy resin, stirring for 5min, adding 0.3kg of active silica powder, stirring for 3min, adding 0.01kg of imidazole, and stirring for 1-2 min to obtain semi-finished granules.
S130, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pot granulator, adding 0.1kg of quartz powder, granulating until the quartz powder is not adhered, curing for 12 hours at normal temperature, screening to obtain a propping agent, and detecting performance parameters of the propping agent according to SY/T5108-2014 proppant performance test method for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operation, wherein the performance parameters are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
A proppant preparation method S100 comprising the steps of:
s110, adding 4kg of copper slag with the particle size ranging from 850 mu m to 425 mu m and 0.5kg of copper slag into a powerful granulator respectively, opening equipment, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 2500r/min, and stirring for 30min.
S120, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 1000r/min, adding cement with an interval of 2min for 4 times, adding cement with an interval of 0.5kg, continuously granulating for 10min, adding water-based epoxy resin with an interval of 0.1kg, stirring for 5min, adding active silica powder with an interval of 0.3kg, stirring for 3min, adding imidazole with an interval of 0.01kg, and stirring for 1 min-2 min to obtain semi-finished granules.
S130, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pot granulator, adding 0.1kg of quartz powder, granulating until the quartz powder is not adhered, curing for 12 hours at normal temperature, screening to obtain a propping agent, and detecting performance parameters of the propping agent according to SY/T5108-2014 proppant performance test method for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operation, wherein the performance parameters are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
A proppant preparation method S100 comprising the steps of:
s110, respectively adding 4kg of stainless steel slag particles with the particle size ranging from 425 mu m to 212 mu m and 0.5kg of stainless steel slag particles into a powerful granulator, opening equipment, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 2700r/min, and stirring for 25min.
S120, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 1200r/min, adding 0.5kg of cement at intervals of 2min for 4 times, continuously granulating for 5min, adding 0.1kg of aqueous epoxy resin, stirring for 5min, adding 0.3kg of active silica powder, stirring for 3min, adding 0.01kg of imidazole, and stirring for 1-2 min to obtain semi-finished granules.
S130, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pot granulator, adding 0.1kg of quartz powder, granulating until the quartz powder is not adhered, curing for 12 hours at normal temperature, screening to obtain a propping agent, and detecting performance parameters of the propping agent according to SY/T5108-2014 proppant performance test method for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operation, wherein the performance parameters are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
A proppant preparation method S100 comprising the steps of:
s110, adding 6kg of stainless steel slag particles with the particle size ranging from 425 mu m to 212 mu m and 0.6kg of water into a powerful granulator, opening equipment, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 2500r/min, and stirring for 35min.
S120, adjusting the rotating speed of the powerful granulator to 800r/min, adding 0.7kg of cement at intervals of 3min for 4 times, continuously granulating for 5min, adding 0.2kg of aqueous epoxy resin, stirring for 7min, adding 0.3kg of glass beads, stirring for 5min, adding 0.02kg of imidazole, and stirring for 1-2 min to obtain semi-finished granules.
S130, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pot granulator, adding 0.1kg of quartz powder, granulating until the quartz powder is not adhered, curing for 12 hours at normal temperature, screening to obtain a propping agent, and detecting performance parameters of the propping agent according to SY/T5108-2014 proppant performance test method for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operation, wherein the performance parameters are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
A proppant preparation method S100 comprising the steps of:
s110, adding 6kg of stainless steel slag particles with the particle size ranging from 212 mu m to 106 mu m and 0.6kg of stainless steel slag particles into a high-speed granulator respectively, opening equipment, adjusting the rotating speed of the high-speed granulator to 2800r/min, and stirring for 20min.
S120, adjusting the rotating speed of the high-speed granulator to 1500r/min, adding 0.6kg of cement at intervals of 1min for 4 times, continuously granulating for 15min, adding 0.2kg of aqueous epoxy resin, stirring for 3min, adding 0.3kg of active silica powder, stirring for 1min, adding 0.02kg of imidazole, and stirring for 1-2 min to obtain semi-finished product particles.
S130, transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pot granulator, adding 0.1kg of quartz powder, granulating until the quartz powder is not adhered, curing for 10 hours at normal temperature, screening to obtain a propping agent, and detecting performance parameters of the propping agent according to SY/T5108-2014 proppant performance test method for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operation, wherein the performance parameters are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 shows the results of testing performance parameters for proppants of examples 1-5 according to SY/T5108-2014 proppant Performance test method for Hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations:
it is to be understood that the above implementations are merely exemplary implementations employed to illustrate the principles of the disclosed embodiments, which are not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the embodiments of the disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the embodiments of the disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A method of making a proppant, the proppant comprising: a proppant particle and a coating layer coating the surface of the proppant particle, the proppant particle being a solid waste particle, the coating layer comprising: water, inorganic adhesive, organic adhesive, acid-resistant material, curing agent and powder;
the solid waste particles comprise copper slag and/or stainless steel slag;
the solid waste particles and the coating layer comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of solid waste particles, 7.5 to 17.5 parts of water, 7.5 to 17.5 parts of inorganic adhesive, 1.25 to 3.75 parts of organic adhesive, 5 to 10 parts of acid-resistant material, 0.25 to 0.5 part of curing agent and 1.25 to 5 parts of powder;
the acid-resistant material comprises: one or more of active silicon micro powder, quartz powder, glass micro beads and floating beads; the powder is quartz powder or active silicon micropowder;
the inorganic adhesive is cement, and the organic adhesive is resin;
the curing agent is a water-soluble imidazole curing agent;
the particle size of the solid waste particles ranges from 850 mu m to 106 mu m;
the method comprises the following steps:
putting the solid waste particles and water into a granulator for stirring;
sequentially adding an inorganic adhesive, an organic adhesive, acid-resistant materials and a curing agent into the granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product particles, wherein the adding mode of the inorganic adhesive in the granulation process is sectional supplement;
and transferring the semi-finished product particles into a circular pan granulator, adding powder, continuously granulating until the semi-finished product particles are not adhered, curing at normal temperature for at least 12 hours, and screening to obtain the propping agent.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic adhesive is added in a stepwise manner during the granulation process, comprising: the inorganic adhesive is added in four times.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the placing the solid waste particles and water into a granulator for agitation comprises: the rotational speed of the granulator is adjusted to 2000 r/min-2800 r/min, and the granulator is stirred for 20 min-40 min.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the sequentially adding the inorganic adhesive, the organic adhesive, the acid-resistant material and the curing agent into the granulator for granulation to obtain semi-finished product particles, wherein the adding mode of the inorganic adhesive in the granulation process is a sectional addition, and the method comprises the following steps: the rotational speed of the granulator is adjusted to 800 r/min-1500 r/min, the interval is 1 min-3 min, and after the inorganic adhesive is added for 4 times, the granulation is continued for 5 min-15 min;
adding the organic adhesive into the granulator, and stirring for 3-7 min;
adding the acid-resistant material into the granulator, and stirring for 1-5 min;
and adding the curing agent into the granulator, and stirring for 1-2 min.
5. A proppant prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the proppant has a bulk density in the range of 1.30g/cm 3 ～1.60g/cm 3 The apparent density range is 2.50g/cm 3 ～2.70g/cm 3 Crushing under a closing pressure of 52MPaThe rate range is 3.0% -6.5%.
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