CN115873269A - MXene hydrogel used for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

MXene hydrogel used for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115873269A
CN115873269A CN202211701191.5A CN202211701191A CN115873269A CN 115873269 A CN115873269 A CN 115873269A CN 202211701191 A CN202211701191 A CN 202211701191A CN 115873269 A CN115873269 A CN 115873269A
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aqueous solution
mxene
hydrogel
mechanical strength
high mechanical
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汤钧
刘雅晴
吕枭枭
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

An MXene hydrogel used for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of intelligent sensing. The invention firstly prepares MXene (Ti) 3 C 2 T x ) The self-modified chitosan-induced chain physical crosslinking hydrogel is constructed by using an aqueous solution, a chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution, a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and then by introducing supramolecular interaction such as dynamic covalent bond and the like through a freezing and thawing method. Wherein, MXene and PVA are arranged betweenThe interaction force between the conductive network and the elastic matrix is significantly enhanced, thereby imparting excellent mechanical strength to the hydrogel sensor. The hydrogel prepared by the invention has excellent conductivity, high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance, and has great application potential in the aspects of artificial skin, man-machine interaction and soft robots.

Description

MXene hydrogel used for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent sensing, and particularly relates to MXene hydrogel which is used for sensing signal detection and has high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance through dynamic covalent bonds and supermolecule interaction and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the past few years, flexible electronic products such as electronic skins, OLED flexible televisions, smart bracelets, folding screen mobile phones and the like are coming into the market. The flexible electronic skin plays an important role in medical detection, motion signal transmission, intelligent robot and man-machine interaction. Conductive hydrogels are promising candidates for flexible electronic skins, with high flexibility, excellent sensitivity, fast response time, wide working range, and excellent environmental stability. The conductive hydrogel consists of two parts: the hydrogel comprises a hydrogel matrix and a conductive filler, wherein the conductive filler comprises a carbon-based material, a conductive polymer and a metal material. MXene (M) n+1 X n T x (n = 1-4), M represents a transition metal, X represents carbonitride, and T represents a surface functional group) as a highly conductive two-dimensional metal carbonitride, is an ideal conductive filler in a conductive hydrogel due to its excellent mechanical properties, high conductivity, large specific surface area, and excellent hydrophilicity. However, the existing MXene hydrogel has the problem of poor tensile breaking strength, so that the gel is inevitably damaged in the stretching process, and the application of the flexible MXene hydrogel sensor in a practical scene is seriously hindered. Meanwhile, hydrogel sensors with high mechanical properties often contain dense chemical crosslinking points, which makes the hydrogel sensors non-degradable and causes environmental pollution.
In view of the above, the MXene hydrogel sensor faces the following challenges, and first, a simple strategy is needed to enhance the interaction between the conductive network and the elastic matrix, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the MXene sensor. Secondly, it is very promising and meaningful to prepare degradable sensors to reduce environmental pollution and recover MXene. How to find a balance point between excellent mechanical property and degradation property is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance and a preparation method thereof.
The invention constructs an ordered hydrogel network by a freezing and thawing method, and constructs a self-modified chitosan-induced linkage physical crosslinking hydrogel by introducing dynamic covalent bond and other supermolecule interactions, and the hydrogel is used as flexible electronic skin. In an alkaline environment, a borate bond is formed, and the conductive material MXene is connected with a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) chain through the dynamic covalent action of borate, so that the MXene can be well pre-dispersed in a short-chain chitosan solution, the self-accumulation of MXene nanosheets is effectively avoided, and the sensor is endowed with excellent electrical properties. Meanwhile, due to dynamic covalent interaction and supermolecule interaction between MXene and PVA, acting force between the conductive network and the elastic matrix is obviously enhanced, so that the hydrogel sensor is endowed with excellent mechanical strength, and the sensor can be applied to various scenes and meet various requirements. Under an acidic environment, the dynamic borate ester is destroyed, chain-entangled PVA chains are also loosened due to the destruction of electrostatic equilibrium, and the gel is disintegrated to release MXene so as to be recycled. The invention provides a strategy for constructing an ordered high-strength degradable MXene hydrogel, the hydrogel has excellent conductivity, high mechanical strength and degradation and recovery performance, and the design also shows the huge application potential of the conductive hydrogel in the aspects of artificial skin, man-machine interaction and soft robots.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the preparation method of the MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection and having both high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1)MXene(Ti 3 C 2 T x ) Preparation of the aqueous solution
Ti 3 C 2 T x Is prepared by selectively etching an Al layer of MAX phase material using a mixture of LiF and HCl. Mixing LiF with HCl with the mass fraction of 36-38%, stirring until LiF is completely dissolved, and then adding a MAX phase material Ti 3 AlC 2 Slowly adding the mixture into the reactor, sealing the reactor for 10 to 20 minutes, and reacting the mixture for 20 to 30 hours in a water bath; centrifuging the obtained black reaction liquid to collect precipitate, and repeatedly washing the precipitate with deionized water until the pH value of the supernatant reaches 5-6; dispersing the obtained black precipitate in deionized water again, performing ultrasonic treatment for 50-80 min, centrifuging, and collecting the upper layer black liquid to obtain MXene (Ti) 3 C 2 T x ) An aqueous solution; wherein the mass ratio of LiF, HCl and MAX phase materials is 1-2: 20:1.
(2) Preparation of aqueous solution of chitosan phenylboronic acid
Dissolving 50-70 mg of 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid, 450-480 mg of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and 500-700 mg of N-hydroxysuccinimide in water, slowly adding 36-38% of hydrochloric acid until the pH value of a reaction system reaches 5-6, then adding 30-50 mg of chitosan, stirring and reacting for 20-30 h, dialyzing for 4-6 days by using a 8000-140000 k cellulose dialysis bag, and freeze-drying the liquid in the bag; mixing and stirring the freeze-dried product and HCl with the mass fraction of 36-38% to obtain a uniform chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution;
(3) Preparation of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution
Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water, and heating and magnetically stirring for 10-15 hours to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(4) Preparation of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
Adding sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and magnetically stirring for 0.3-1.0 h to obtain a uniform sodium hydroxide aqueous solution;
(5) Preparation of MXene hydrogel sensor
Mixing the MXene aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) with the chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution obtained in the step (2) according to the volume ratio of 1-5: 1, adding the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution obtained in the step (4) (the volume dosage ratio of the chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 5-10); and finally, freezing and unfreezing for 3-5 cycles (freezing to-20 ℃ and unfreezing at 25 ℃) to obtain the MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance.
Further, the molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol in the step (3) is 2000-20 ten thousand.
Furthermore, the concentration of the MXene aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) is 0.1-6 mg/mL, the concentration of the chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution obtained in the step (2) is 0.1-5 mg/mL, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution obtained in the step (3) is 50-100 mg/mL, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution obtained in the step (4) is 0.1-5 mg/mL.
The MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance is prepared by the method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of an MXene hydrogel sensor prepared in example 1 of the present invention; indicating that the hydrogel sensor is a soft, black gel.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the electrical properties of the MXene hydrogel sensor in example 1 of the present invention. The figure uses a wire, a small bulb, two No. 7 cells and MXene hydrogel to create a closed circuit, and the MXene hydrogel is electrically conductive as indicated by the luminescence of the small bulb in the figure.
Figure 3 is a graph comparing the conductivity of the MXene hydrogel sensor of example 1 of the invention with MPVA without the addition of a dynamic covalent system before and after degradation recovery.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of the MXene hydrogel sensor prepared in example 1 of the present invention (elongation at break on the abscissa and strength at break on the ordinate), showing the tensile properties compared to PVA without MXene and dynamic covalent bond system added.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the sensing performance of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor (time on the abscissa and rate of change in resistance on the ordinate).
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of a prepared MXene hydrogel sensor after degradation in an acidic environment.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the linear change of absorbance of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor in an acidic environment.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The methods used in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The reagent materials and the like used in the following examples are all conventional biochemical reagents.
Example 1: preparation of high-strength degradable MXene hydrogel sensor
(1) Weighing 11g of polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 15 ten thousand in a 250mL round bottom flask by using an analytical balance, adding 150mL of deionized water into a beaker, adding a stirrer, and placing the beaker on a magnetic stirrer to stir for 12 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
(2) Weighing 2g of lithium fluoride on an analytical balance, stirring the lithium fluoride and 40mL of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 36% in a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene beaker for 30 minutes, and then stirring 2g of MAX phase material Ti 3 AlC 2 Add slowly to the beaker and seal the beaker. After 10 minutes, the beaker was placed in a 35 ℃ water bath for 24h (400 r/min). The resulting black reaction solution was centrifuged to collect precipitates, which were then repeatedly washed with deionized water (3500 rpm) until the pH of the supernatant reached 6. Further, the black solid was redispersed in deionized water, and the dispersion was sonicated for one hour, and then centrifuged (3500rpm, 1h) to collect the upper black liquid, to obtain an MXene aqueous solution having a concentration of 5mg/mL.
(3) 50mg of 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid, 450mg of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and 600mg of N-hydroxysuccinimide are weighed and dissolved in 3mL of deionized water, hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 36% is slowly added until the pH value reaches 5.5, then 40mg of chitosan is added and the reaction is stirred for one day, the liquids are dialyzed for 5 days by a 120000k cellulose dialysis bag and the liquid in the bag is freeze-dried, and further, the freeze-dried product is dissolved in HCl with a mass fraction of 36% to obtain a uniform chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 3mg/mL.
(4) 400mg of sodium hydroxide was weighed and added to 1000mL of deionized water, and dissolved with stirring to obtain a uniform aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
(5) Firstly, 1000 mu L of chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution is put into a 25mL bottle, 5mL of MXene aqueous solution is slowly dropped into the bottle, 200 mu L of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and 5mL of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution are added, the mixture is vigorously stirred (1000 rmp) for 2min, and finally, the mixture is frozen and unfrozen for 3 cycles (the mixture is frozen to-20 ℃ and unfrozen at 25 ℃) to obtain MXene hydrogel (marked as OMDDH), as shown in figure 1.
Fig. 2 and 3 are graphs showing the electrical properties of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor, (MPVA is a hydrogel with only MXene added and no chitosan phenylboronic acid added; OMDDH is the hydrogel obtained by the preparation process) and a conductivity comparison experiment before and after the degradation (2 g of the hydrogel is put into a beaker and concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 38% is added for degradation, MPVA is MPVA-1 before the degradation and MPVA-1 after the degradation, OMDDH is OMDDH-1 before the degradation and OMDDH-1 after the degradation) of MPVA without a dynamic covalent bond system is carried out. As shown in the figure, the prepared hydrogel has excellent conductivity, can enable small bulbs to emit light, and the conductivity of the system is higher than that of MPVA without the dynamic covalent system before and after degradation and recovery.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor, and shows the tensile properties of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor compared with that of PVA without MXene and dynamic covalent bond system. As shown in the figure, the hydrogel prepared has excellent breaking strength enough to meet various application requirements.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the sensing performance of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor, which shows the changes of the sensing signal when the finger is bent at 45 degrees and 90 degrees (the low peak corresponds to 45 degrees and the high peak corresponds to 90 degrees, the sensing signal refers to a resistance change signal, and the ordinate is the resistance change signal) when the MXene hydrogel sensor is attached to the surface of the skin, and shows the excellent sensitivity when the MXene hydrogel sensor is used as a sensor.
Example 2 preparation of high Strength degradable MXene hydrogel sensor
(1) 17g of polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 5 ten thousand is weighed by an analytical balance into a 250mL round-bottom flask, 100mL of deionized water is added into a beaker, a stirrer is placed into the beaker, and the beaker is placed on a magnetic stirrer to be stirred for 12 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
(2) Weighing 2g of lithium fluoride on an analytical balance, stirring the lithium fluoride and 40mL of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 36% in a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene beaker for 30 minutes, and then stirring 2g of MAX phase material Ti 3 AlC 2 Add slowly to the beaker and seal the beaker. After 10 minutes, the beaker was placed in a 35 ℃ water bath for 24 hours (400 r/min). The resulting black reaction solution was centrifuged to collect the precipitate, and then the precipitate was repeatedly washed with deionized water (3500 rpm, which sufficiently disperses the black solid) until the pH of the supernatant reached 6. Further, the black solid was redispersed in deionized water, and the dispersion was sonicated for one hour, and then centrifuged (3500rpm, 1h) to collect the upper black liquid. MXene aqueous solution with a concentration of 3mg/mL was prepared.
(3) 55mg of 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid, 460mg of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and 700mg of N-hydroxysuccinimide are weighed and dissolved in 3mL of deionized water, hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 36% is slowly added until the pH reaches 5.5, then 40mg of chitosan is added and the reaction is stirred for one day, the liquids are dialyzed for 5 days with a 120000k cellulose dialysis bag and the liquids in the bag are freeze-dried, and further, the liquids are dissolved in HCl with a mass fraction of 36% to obtain a uniform aqueous solution of chitosan phenylboronic acid with a concentration of 2.5mg/mL.
(4) 40mg of sodium hydroxide was weighed and added to 500mL of deionized water, and dissolved with stirring to obtain a uniform aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
(5) Firstly putting 1500 mu L of chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution into a 25mL bottle, slowly dripping 6mL of MXene aqueous solution into the bottle, then adding 150 mu L of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and 3mL of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, stirring vigorously for 2min (1000 rmp), and finally freezing and thawing for 3 cycles (freezing to-20 ℃ and thawing at 25 ℃) to obtain the MXene hydrogel.
Fig. 6 and 7 (linear curves of fig. 7 show that degradation follows a linear change, which is the absorbance value at 254nm in fig. 6) are uv degradation experiments of the prepared MXene hydrogel sensor in an acidic environment (pH 3). As shown, the absorbance of the acidic solution in which the gel was placed gradually increased with time, indicating that MXene was slowly released from the gel, demonstrating good degradation and recovery performance of the sensor.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of aqueous MXene solution
Mixing LiF with HCl with the mass fraction of 36-38%, stirring until LiF is completely dissolved, and then adding a MAX phase material Ti 3 AlC 2 Slowly adding the mixture into the reactor, sealing the reactor for 10 to 20 minutes, and reacting the mixture for 20 to 30 hours in a water bath; centrifuging the obtained black reaction liquid to collect precipitate, and repeatedly washing the precipitate by using deionized water until the pH value of the supernatant is 5-6; dispersing the obtained black precipitate in deionized water again, performing ultrasonic treatment for 50-80 min, centrifuging, and collecting an upper layer black liquid, namely MXene aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.1-6 mg/mL;
(2) Preparation of aqueous solution of chitosan phenylboronic acid
Dissolving 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid, 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide in water, slowly adding HCl with the mass fraction of 36-38% until the pH value of a reaction system reaches 5-6, adding chitosan, stirring and reacting for 20-30 h, dialyzing for 4-6 days by using a 8000-140000 k cellulose dialysis bag, and freeze-drying the bag liquid; mixing and stirring the freeze-dried product and HCl with the mass fraction of 36-38% to obtain a uniform chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.1-5 mg/mL;
(3) Preparation of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution
Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water, heating and magnetically stirring for 10-15 h to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 50-100 mg/mL;
(4) Preparation of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
Adding sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and magnetically stirring for 0.3-1.0 h to obtain a uniform sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.1-5 mg/mL;
(5) Preparation of MXene hydrogel sensor
Mixing the MXene aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) with the chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution obtained in the step (2) according to the volume ratio of 1-5: 1, then adding the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume usage ratio of the chitosan phenylboronic acid aqueous solution to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 5-10: 1; and (4) adding the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution obtained in the step (3), wherein the volume usage ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to the MXene aqueous solution is 0.1-10: 1; and finally, violently stirring for 1.5-3.0 min, and then freezing and unfreezing for 3-5 cycles, thereby obtaining the MXene hydrogel which is used for sensing signal detection and has high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance.
2. The method for preparing MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection with high mechanical strength and degradation recovery property according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: liF, HCl and MAX phase material Ti in step (1) 3 AlC 2 The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1-2: 20:1.
3. the method for preparing MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection with high mechanical strength and degradation recovery property according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the dosage of the 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid is 50-70mg, the dosage of the 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide is 450-480mg, the dosage of the N-hydroxysuccinimide is 500-700 mg, and the dosage of the chitosan is 30-50 mg.
4. The method for preparing MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection with high mechanical strength and degradation recovery property according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol in step (3) is 2000-20 ten thousand.
5. The method for preparing MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection with high mechanical strength and degradation recovery property according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) is freezing to-20 ℃ and then thawing at 25 ℃.
6. An MXene hydrogel for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance, which is characterized in that: is prepared by the process of any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202211701191.5A 2022-12-28 2022-12-28 MXene hydrogel used for sensing signal detection and having high mechanical strength and degradation recovery performance and preparation method thereof Pending CN115873269A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117487298A (en) * 2023-12-18 2024-02-02 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) Electrode material, electrode and flexible sensor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117487298A (en) * 2023-12-18 2024-02-02 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) Electrode material, electrode and flexible sensor
CN117487298B (en) * 2023-12-18 2024-04-12 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) Electrode material, electrode and flexible sensor

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