CN115871860A

CN115871860A - Speed change structure of electric gear vehicle without solid clutch

Info

Publication number: CN115871860A
Application number: CN202111157279.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏国信; 苏大宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-30
Filing date: 2021-09-30
Publication date: 2023-03-31

Abstract

The invention relates to a speed change structure of an electric gear vehicle without a solid clutch, which comprises an electric motor, a speed change gear set, a speed change gear box and a gear sensing unit, wherein the speed change gear set is arranged in the speed change gear box and comprises a power input shaft and a rotating speed output shaft, a driving speed change gear and a driven speed change gear which form a corresponding structure are respectively arranged on the power input shaft and the rotating speed output shaft, a power input belt pulley is arranged at the end of the power input shaft, a belt is sleeved between the motor belt pulley arranged on the rotating shaft of the electric motor and the power input belt pulley so as to drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear set, and a gear change shaft is driven by a gear change pedal rod to generate the purpose of gear change.

Description

Speed change structure of electric gear vehicle without solid clutch

Technical Field

The invention relates to a speed change structure of an electric gear vehicle without a solid clutch, in particular to a speed change design of the electric gear vehicle, which can increase the endurance of the vehicle by keeping the inertia energy of an electric motor to be recharged, simultaneously ensure that a driver does not need to accurately control a speed rotating handle during gear switching and further increase the automatic gear change function.

Background

The present invention relates to a speed change structure of electric gearshift vehicle without physical clutch, which is a further improvement of the inventor previously applied for the Chinese utility model No. ZL201921505239.9, and the inventor also has examined and approved the U.S. patent application No. 16/580,064 with the same content as the above-mentioned new patent, and the present invention is a design making the structure applied before more advanced.

Generally, the fuel engine has a long response time for acceleration and deceleration, and if there is no clutch control, the start and flameout will occur, but the electric vehicle has a short response time for acceleration and deceleration, so there is no problem of start and flameout, and the chinese utility model No. ZL201921505239.9 and the approved U.S. patent application No. 16/580,064 mainly use the electric motor to drive the power input shaft by a belt, and transmit the power to the rear wheel by a speed change gear set, an output chain gear, and a chain, so there is no need of a clutch, only need to properly use the speed control handle during shifting, slightly reduce the rotation speed of the motor, and reduce the torque output by the speed change gear set, and then easily shift or shift can be carried out by using the shift pedal lever, but the operation still requires the driver to control the speed control handle according to experience to switch the gears.

However, it is known from the experience of the prior chinese utility model No. ZL201921505239.9 and the approved us patent application No. 16/580,064 in practical implementation that when the deceleration and brake inertia energy recharging functions are added to increase the vehicle endurance, the vehicle can be easily shifted or shifted by using the speed control handle 61 (a retracting handle) when the vehicle is to be shifted because the previous electric motor 1 only needs to be driven to advance when the recharging function is not originally added, as shown in fig. 3, to slightly reduce the rotation speed of the electric motor 1, and to reduce the torque load point D (as shown in fig. 4) at which the driving speed change gear 4231 and the driven speed change gear 4221 are engaged with one direction, but after the recharging function is added, the electric motor 1 is changed into a generator to recharge energy when the speed control handle 61 is retracted by a driver, and the vehicle still generates power to push the electric motor 1 to generate power while the vehicle is moving, so that the torque load point E of the two sets of the driving speed change gear 4231 and the driven speed change gear 4221 engaged with each other gear may be smoothly operated, and the torque load point E is not accurately engaged with each other set of the driving speed change gear 4231, and the speed change gear may be operated by the other set of the driving speed change gear.

Disclosure of Invention

The scheme is that the structure of the inventor previously applying for the Chinese utility model No. ZL201921505239.9 is further improved and designed, the invention not only keeps the inertia energy of the electric motor to be recharged to increase the endurance of the vehicle, but also enables a driver not to need to accurately control a speed rotating handle during gear shifting, and further can increase the speed change design of the electric gear vehicle with the automatic gear shifting function.

The invention mainly comprises an electric motor, a speed change gear set, a speed change gear box and a gear sensing unit, wherein the speed change gear set is arranged in the speed change gear box and comprises a power input shaft and a rotating speed output shaft, a driving speed change gear and a driven speed change gear which are correspondingly formed are respectively arranged on the power input shaft and the rotating speed output shaft, a power input belt pulley is arranged at the end of the power input shaft, a motor belt pulley is arranged on a rotating shaft of the electric motor, a belt is sleeved between the motor belt pulley and the power input belt pulley, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear set by the belt, the gear change shaft is driven by a gear change pedal rod, a connecting rod, an extension arm and a gear change disc arranged at the end part of a shifting fork shaft are used for driving a group of shifting forks to control the driving speed change gear and the driven speed change gear to correspondingly move by the shifting fork shaft, the gear sensing unit comprises a magnetic element arranged on the side surface of a gear switching disc and a magnetic sensing circuit with the magnetic sensing element arranged at the position corresponding to the gear switching disc, and the magnetic sensing element arranged on the magnetic element and the magnetic sensing circuit generate preset sensing change to generate a correct gear sensing function by means of the change of each gear generated during gear switching and the change of each gear generated by the gear switching disc when the gear switching disc rotates, except that a neutral gear enters 1 gear, the correct gear of the speed change gear box is detected by the magnetic sensing between the magnetic element and the magnetic sensing element during the gear switching, the power connection of the electric motor is timely disconnected through the arranged motor control circuit, so that the electric motor is in a no-load idle running state, the transmission pressure generated when any two driving speed change gears and driven speed change gears in the speed change gear box are meshed with each other is relieved, the gear shifting operation is easily completed through the gear shifting pedal lever, the completion of gear shifting of the speed change gear box is detected through the magnetic induction between the magnetic element and the magnetic induction element after the gear shifting is completed, the power connection of the electric motor is recovered through the motor control circuit, and the normal acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle can be controlled.

The invention mainly aims to detect the correct gear of the speed change gear box through the magnetic induction between the magnetic element and the magnetic induction element, and timely disconnect or connect the motor control circuit to enable the electric motor to idle and have no load so as to change the speed or drive the vehicle to move and increase the three states of the vehicle endurance of the electric motor through the inertia energy recharging of the electric motor, and simultaneously, a driver does not need to accurately control a speed rotating handle during gear switching, and further, the function of automatic gear changing can be increased.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the shift lever, shift shaft and rotational speed output shaft of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention as it would be physically incorporated into a locomotive.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of transmission pressure generating pressure points when the driving transmission gear and the driven transmission gear are engaged with each other during the transmission travel of the electric motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmission pressure generating pressure point when the driving transmission gear and the driven transmission gear mesh with each other during feedback charging of the electric motor according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the transmission pressure between the driving transmission gear and the driven transmission gear when the power supply of the electric motor is cut off to make the electric motor in an unloaded idling state to release the mutual engagement.

Fig. 7 to 14 are state diagrams illustrating the magnetic sensing element of each shift position switching circuit of the present invention generating a predetermined sensing change to generate a correct shift position sensing function.

Fig. 15 is a comparison diagram of the magnetic sensing element arranged on each shift position magnetic element and the magnetic sensing circuit to generate the predetermined sensing change to generate the correct shift position according to the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a motor control circuit diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention with a motor-off button switch added to the vehicle handle.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the present invention having a motor off button switch located at the original clutch lever of the left hand grip of the vehicle.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the present invention with the addition of a push-pull solenoid for gear shifting.

FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view of the structure shown in FIG. 19.

Description of reference numerals: 1-an electric motor; 11-a rotating shaft; 12-a motor pulley; 2-a belt; 3-a battery; 4-a change gear box; 42-a speed change gear set; 421-speed output sprocket; 422-rotating speed output shaft; 4221-driven speed change gear; 423-power input shaft; 4231-active speed change gear; 43-a power input pulley; 5-gear shifting pedal lever; 51-shift shaft; 52-a connecting rod; 53-gear shift disk; 531-extension arm; 532. 533-a magnetic element; 54-shift fork shaft; 541-a shifting fork; 6-a vehicle; 61-speed control rotating handle; 611-a grip; 62-rear wheel; 63-motor power off push button switch; 64-a clutch lever; 7-a magnetic induction circuit; 71-a motor control circuit; 8-an electromagnetic coil; 81-a push-pull rod; A. b, C-magnetic induction element; D. e-torsion load point.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention relates to a speed change structure of an electric transmission vehicle without physical clutch, which mainly includes an electric motor 1, a speed change gear set 42 and a speed change gear box 4, wherein the speed change gear set 42 is assembled in the speed change gear box 4, the speed change gear set 42 includes a power input shaft 423 and a speed change output shaft 422, a driving speed change gear 4231 and a driven speed change gear 4221 are respectively provided on the power input shaft 423 and the speed change output shaft 422, a power input pulley 43 is assembled at the end of the power input shaft 423, a motor pulley 12 is assembled on a rotating shaft 11 of the electric motor 1, a belt 2 is assembled between the motor pulley 12 and the power input pulley 43, so that the electric motor 1 can drive the power input shaft 423 of the speed change gear set 42 by means of the belt 2, and a driving pedal lever 5 and a speed change shaft 51 is provided at one end of the speed change shaft 51 to a connecting rod 52 driving the driving arm 531 to drive a push-pull gear 53 provided on a shift dial 54, so that the speed change gear 54 is provided on a shifting fork 54 and a chain to drive a speed change gear to control an output shaft 426, and a speed change gear 23, and a chain is provided to control a speed change gear output shaft 426 provided on a chain (for controlling a chain) provided in front of the vehicle, and a chain output shaft 422).

The invention also comprises a gear sensing unit which comprises a group of

magnetic elements

532 and 533 arranged on the side surface of the gear switching plate 53 and a magnetic sensing circuit 7 with magnetic sensing elements A, B and C arranged at the position corresponding to the gear switching plate 53, wherein the correct gear sensing function of each gear is generated by changing each gear and generating the change of each gear when the gear switching plate 53 rotates so that the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 on the gear switching plate 53 and the magnetic sensing circuit 7 are provided with the magnetic sensing elements A, B and C which generate a plurality of preset different sensing changes, when the shift lever switching plate 53 is driven to the neutral position, the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 are located at the positions where they are not induced by any of the magnetic induction elements a, B and C on the magnetic induction circuit 7 as shown in fig. 7 and 15, the output signal of the magnetic induction circuit 7 is used to know the neutral position correct gear of the speed change gear box 4, so that when the vehicle is in a neutral position, the driver wants to drive the vehicle into the 1 st gear from the neutral position and control the handlebar by the rotating speed without precisely controlling the opening degree of the handlebar, and at this time, the motor control circuit 71 can control the electric motor 1 to output only an extremely low rotating speed, so that the driving transmission gear 4231 and the driven transmission gear 4221 corresponding to the 1 st gear are engaged, when the 1 st gear is correctly engaged, the motor control circuit 71 immediately returns the rotating speed of the electric motor 1 to zero to enable the vehicle to be in a state of waiting for starting, when the driver wants to start from the 1 st gear after the correct engagement, the driver needs to return the opening of the speed control rotating handle 61 to zero and then rotate the speed control rotating handle 61 again, so that the vehicle can start to move forward, therefore, the danger of vehicle rushing caused by improper opening of the speed control handle 61 during starting can be completely avoided, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 15.

When the gear shift plate 53 is driven to enter the 2 nd gear from the 1 st gear, the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 are located at two sides of the magnetic sensing element a on the magnetic sensing circuit 7 and are not sensed by any of the magnetic sensing elements a, B and C on the magnetic sensing circuit 7 as shown in fig. 9, the motor control circuit 71 can control the power of the electric motor 1 to be turned off to make the electric motor 1 in an unloaded idle state, so as to release the transmission pressure when the mutual engagement between the driving transmission gear 4231 and the driven transmission gear 4221 is formed in the 1 st gear in the transmission gear box 4 as shown in fig. 6, and then the gear shift pedal 5 is used to easily enter the 2 nd gear to complete the gear shift operation, and the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 are sensed by the magnetic sensing elements a and B on the magnetic sensing circuit 7 to obtain the correct gear of the transmission gear box 4 in the 2 nd gear as shown in fig. 10 and 15.

When the gear shift lever 53 is driven from the 2-gear to the 3-gear, the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 are located at two sides of the magnetic element B on the magnetic circuit 7 and at a position not sensed by any of the magnetic elements a, B and C on the magnetic circuit 7 as shown in fig. 11, the motor control circuit 71 controls the power of the electric motor 1 to be turned off to make the electric motor 1 in an idle state without load, so as to release the transmission pressure when the driving transmission gear 4231 and the driven transmission gear 4221 are engaged with each other in the 2-gear position in the transmission gear box 4 as shown in fig. 6, and then the shift pedal 5 is used to easily enter the 3-gear position to complete the gear shift operation, and the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 are sensed by the magnetic elements B and C on the magnetic circuit 7 to obtain the correct 3-gear position of the transmission gear box 4 as shown in fig. 12 and 15.

When the gear shift lever 53 is driven to enter the 4 th gear from the 3 rd gear, the

magnetic elements

532 and 533 are located at two sides of the magnetic element C on the magnetic circuit 7 and at the position not sensed by any of the magnetic elements a, B and C on the magnetic circuit 7 as shown in fig. 13, the motor control circuit 71 controls the power of the electric motor 1 to be turned off to make the electric motor 1 in an idle state without load, so as to release the transmission pressure when the driving transmission gear 4231 and the driven transmission gear 4221 are engaged with each other in the 3 rd gear in the transmission gear box 4 as shown in fig. 6, and then the shift pedal 5 is used to easily enter the 4 th gear to complete the gear shift operation, and one of the magnetic elements 532 is sensed by the magnetic element C on the magnetic circuit 7 to obtain the correct gear of the transmission gear box 4 as shown in fig. 14 and 15.

The processor in the motor control circuit 71 is programmed to detect the correct gear position of the change speed gearbox 4 in a very short time, according to the software algorithm, the motor control circuit 71 can timely disconnect the connection with the electric motor 1 according to the gear position state fed back by the gear position sensing unit, but when the gear position sensing unit has a plurality of gear positions between two gear positions including neutral position, the magnetic sensing elements a, B and C on the magnetic sensing circuit 7 do not detect the

magnetic elements

532 and 533, in order to make a separation with the neutral position signal, the magnetic sensing elements a, B and C on the magnetic sensing circuit 7 have a longer time lag of detecting the magnetic elements in the neutral position, but the motor control circuit 71 detects the difference, so that the motor control circuit does not disconnect the power supply from the electric motor 1 in the neutral position, but needs to control the electric motor 1 to output only a very low rotation speed when the driver rotates the speed control handle 61 in the neutral position state, so as to engage the gear position 1 smoothly, and avoids the danger of vehicle impact caused by improper operation of the speed control handle 61 in the starting (as shown in fig. 16), wherein the magnetic sensing elements a, B and C on the magnetic sensing circuit 7 can be replaced by the copper contact with the copper contact point of the copper control circuit 53, or the copper contact with the copper contact point on the copper plate, and the copper contact with the copper plate, and the copper plate can be formed by the copper contact point.

Referring to fig. 17, a second embodiment of the present invention is to add a motor power-off button switch 63 at the handle 611 of the vehicle 6, when the driver wants to switch the shift position during traveling, the motor power-off button switch 63 is pressed first to notify the motor control circuit 71 to be directly disconnected from the electric motor 1 to make the electric motor 1 in an unloaded idle state, so as to release and reduce the transmission pressure when the driving transmission gear 4231 and the driven transmission gear 4221 are engaged with each other in the transmission gear box 4 as shown in fig. 6, and then the shift pedal 5 is used to easily complete the shift position switching operation, after the shift position switching is completed, the motor power-off button switch 63 is released to notify the motor control circuit 71 to be connected with the electric motor 1 again, without precisely controlling the speed control knob 61, the vehicle can be normally accelerated and decelerated, wherein the motor power-off button switch 63 can also be disposed at the original clutch pull rod 64 at the handle 611 at the left side of the vehicle 6, and the motor power-off button switch 63 is pressed each time to directly connect the electric motor 1 through inertia control switch to turn off the electric motor 1 or directly drive the electric motor 1 in an unloaded state (as shown in fig. 18).

Referring to fig. 19 and 20, in a third embodiment of the present invention, when a fully programmed automatic shift function is desired during vehicle driving, a push-pull electromagnetic coil 8 for gear shifting is added, the electromagnetic coil 8 is used to drive the shift shaft 51 via a push-pull rod 81, and the shift shaft 54 is controlled via a gear shifting plate 53, so as to complete the automatic shift function of automatically shifting forward or backward according to the vehicle driving requirement.

The driver only needs to operate the speed control rotating handle 61, the processor in the motor control circuit 71 can process and detect the information of the opening degree, the correct gear, the vehicle traveling speed, the electric energy consumption and the like of the speed control rotating handle 61 in a very short time, the processor in the motor control circuit 71 can be programmed to immediately judge the load and the energy consumption state when the vehicle travels, and the optimal gear is automatically changed through the electromagnetic coil 8 by program operation according to a programmed software algorithm, so that the electricity consumption of the electric motor 1 is rationalized, the battery energy consumption is reduced, and the battery electric energy is supplemented by the inertial energy recharging function of the electric motor 1, so that the purpose of maximizing the vehicle endurance is achieved.

In summary, the present invention provides a function of smoothly switching gears without a clutch, and the speed change gear box of the present invention can provide the maximum effect of the electric motor, reduce power consumption, have an extremely low failure rate, and increase a range.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a speed change structure of no entity clutch electric gear car which includes electric motor, motor control circuit, speed change gear group, change gear box and gear perception unit which characterized in that:

the speed change gear group is arranged in the speed change gear box and comprises a power input shaft and a rotating speed output shaft, a driving speed change gear and a driven speed change gear which are correspondingly formed are respectively arranged on the power input shaft and the rotating speed output shaft, a power input belt pulley is arranged at the end group of the power input shaft, a motor belt pulley is arranged on a rotating shaft of the electric motor, a belt is sleeved between the motor belt pulley and the power input belt pulley, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear group by the belt, a connecting rod arranged at one end of the gear change shaft and pivoted with the driving extension arm drives the extension arm to push and pull the gear change plate through the gear change pedal rod and the gear change shaft, and the gear change plate arranged at one end of the shift shaft can drive the shift shaft to achieve the purpose of speed change or gear change, the gear sensing unit comprises a group of magnetic elements arranged on the side surface of the gear switching disc and a magnetic sensing circuit with three magnetic sensing elements arranged at the position corresponding to the gear switching disc, each gear is changed during gear shifting, the magnetic elements on the gear switching disc and the magnetic sensing elements arranged on the magnetic sensing circuit generate preset different sensing changes to generate a correct gear sensing function of each gear when the gear switching disc rotates, the correct neutral gear of the gear box is known by the output signal of the magnetic sensing circuit, and when the gear switching disc is driven to shift gears, a plurality of different sensing position signals are generated by the magnetic elements on the gear switching disc and the magnetic sensing elements on the magnetic sensing circuit, the motor control circuit receives the signals and controls the power supply of the electric motor to be disconnected, so that the electric motor is in a no-load idle running state, the transmission pressure generated when the driving speed change gear and the driven speed change gear which correspond to each gear in the speed change gear box are meshed with each other is released, the gear switching operation can be easily carried out through the gear shifting pedal rod, signals of the correct gear of the speed change gear box are obtained through the magnetic element on the gear switching disc and the magnetic induction element on the magnetic induction circuit after the gear shifting is finished, and the motor control circuit receives the signals and controls the power supply of the electric motor to be connected so that the electric motor is recovered to rotate, so that the normal acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle can be controlled.

2. The transmission structure of the electric transmission vehicle without the physical clutch according to claim 1, wherein: when the gear switching disc is driven to enter a neutral position, the magnetic element is positioned on the magnetic induction element which does not generate induction with the magnetic induction circuit, and the neutral position correct gear of the speed-changing gear box is obtained through an output signal of the magnetic induction circuit, so that when a vehicle is in the neutral position, a driver wants to drive a gear 1 from the neutral position and rotates the speed control handle, the opening of the handle is not required to be accurately controlled, at the moment, the motor control circuit can control the electric motor to only output an extremely low rotating speed so as to enable the driving speed gear and the driven speed gear corresponding to the gear 1 to be meshed, when the gear 1 is correctly meshed, the motor control circuit immediately resets the rotating speed of the electric motor to zero, so that the vehicle is in a state to be started, and when the driver wants to start from the correctly meshed gear 1, the speed control handle is required to reset to the opening of the speed control handle, and then the speed control handle is rotated again, so that the vehicle can start to go forward, and the danger of sudden vehicle rush caused by improper operation of the opening of the speed control handle during the time can be completely avoided.

3. The transmission structure of the electric transmission vehicle without the physical clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the motor control circuit is internally provided with a processor, the programming of the processor can process and detect the correct gear of the speed change gear box in a very short time, according to a software operation method, the motor control circuit can timely disconnect or restore the connection between the motor control circuit and the electric motor according to the gear state fed back by the gear sensing unit, but when the gear sensing unit generates a plurality of gears including a neutral gear between two gears, the magnetic sensing elements on the magnetic sensing circuit do not detect the state of the magnetic elements, and a separation is made for each gear and a neutral gear signal, and the time lag of the magnetic sensing elements on the magnetic sensing circuit which do not detect the magnetic elements is longer when the neutral gear occurs, so that the motor control circuit detects the time difference, and when the power supply of the electric motor is not controlled to be disconnected in the neutral gear state, but a driver needs to drive a rotating speed control rotating handle in the neutral gear state, the motor control circuit controls the electric motor to only output a very low rotating speed so as to enable the driving speed change gear and the driven speed change gear corresponding to the 1 gear to be smoothly meshed.

4. The transmission structure of the electric transmission vehicle without the physical clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the vehicle is going, the push-pull electromagnetic coil for gear shifting is added and the gear shifting pedal rod is eliminated, the motor control circuit receives speed control signal to control the push-pull rod connected to the electromagnetic coil to drive the gear shifting shaft, and the gear shifting disc controls the shifting fork shaft to complete the automatic gear shifting function.

5. The transmission structure of the solid clutch-free electric transmission according to claim 4, wherein: the driver only needs to operate the speed control handle, the processor in the motor control circuit can process the detected information such as the opening degree of the speed control handle, the correct gear, the vehicle advancing speed, the electric energy consumption and the like in a very short time, the processor of the motor control circuit can be programmed to judge the load and the energy consumption state when the vehicle advances in real time, the optimal gear is automatically changed through the electromagnetic coil by program operation according to a programming software algorithm, the electric motor is reasonable in electricity utilization, the battery energy consumption is reduced, and the battery electric energy is supplemented by the inertial energy recharging function of the electric motor, so that the aim of maximizing the vehicle endurance is fulfilled.

6. The transmission structure of the electric transmission vehicle without the physical clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic induction element arranged on the magnetic induction circuit can be replaced by a copper contact, the magnetic element arranged on the side surface of the gear switching disc can be replaced by a copper brush, and various contact or non-contact gear states are generated between the copper contact and the copper brush so as to directly disconnect or connect the electric motor through the motor control circuit.

7. The utility model provides a speed change structure of no entity clutch electronic shelves car which includes electric motor, motor control circuit, change gear group, change gear box and motor outage button switch which characterized in that:

the speed change gear group is arranged in the speed change gear box and comprises a power input shaft and a rotating speed output shaft, a driving speed change gear and a driven speed change gear which are correspondingly formed are respectively arranged on the power input shaft and the rotating speed output shaft, a power input belt pulley is arranged at the end of the power input shaft, a motor belt pulley is arranged on a rotating shaft of the electric motor, a belt is sleeved between the motor belt pulley and the power input belt pulley, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear group by the belt, a connecting rod arranged at one end of the gear change shaft and pivoted with the driving extension arm drives the extension arm to push and pull the gear change plate by a gear change pedal rod and the gear change shaft, and the gear change plate arranged at one end of the shifting fork shaft can drive the shifting fork shaft to generate the purposes of speed change or gear change, the motor power-off button switch is arranged at a handle of the vehicle, when a driver wants to switch gears in the process of traveling, the motor power-off button switch is pressed down first to inform the motor control circuit to be directly disconnected with the electric motor to present a no-load idle running state so as to release and lighten the transmission pressure when the corresponding driving speed change gear and the driven speed change gear in the speed change gear box are meshed with each other, then the gear switching operation is easily completed by using the gear-shifting pedal lever, and after the gear switching is completed, the motor power-off button switch is released to inform the motor control circuit to be connected with the electric motor again, and the normal acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle can be controlled without precise control.

8. The transmission structure of the electric transmission vehicle without the physical clutch according to claim 7, wherein: the motor power-off button switch can also be arranged at the original clutch pull rod of the left handle of the vehicle, the motor power-off button switch is pressed through the action of pressing the clutch pull rod during each gear shifting to directly disconnect or connect the electric motor through the motor control circuit, so that the electric motor is in an idle running state without load, and three states of speed change or driving the vehicle to advance and increasing the vehicle endurance of the electric motor through the inertia energy recharging are facilitated.