CN115869022A - Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor and extraction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor and an extraction method, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The telescopic air bag type air bag comprises a main rod, wherein a front support frame and a rear support frame which can be extended and retracted are arranged on the outer side of the main rod, outer bag sleeves are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the front support frame and the rear support frame, and the outer bag sleeves can form a cylindrical barrel when being expanded; the automatic nasopharynx clamping device comprises a front support frame, a rear support frame and an outer bag sleeve, and is characterized by further comprising a mounting plate hinged to the outer side of the front support frame, wherein the mounting plate can swing up and down, the top of the mounting plate is provided with cutting pliers capable of automatically opening and closing.

Description

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor and extraction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor and an extraction method.

Background

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the most common tumors of the head and neck, and is caused by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of nasopharyngeal cells, and the nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor which occurs in columnar epithelium of nasopharyngeal mucosa, and most of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma is squamous cell carcinoma.

Present nasopharyngeal carcinoma, after the hospital is examined, ENT can carry out a biopsy, include at CT, discovery has the lump after these inspections of magnetic resonance, ENT will carry out these biopsies, it goes into nasopharynx portion and presss from both sides a little tissue to stretch a pliers, send pathology department to go to and do pathology inspection, the pliers stretches into the back, the centre gripping angle receives the nasopharynx restriction, it is inconvenient to press from both sides the clamp, and when pressing from both sides and getting, it is higher to medical personnel hand stability requirement, the hand is unstable, press from both sides the injured nasopharynx easily, the pliers stretches into the back simultaneously, can block up this nasopharynx, lead to patient uncomfortable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the invention provides a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor and an extraction method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the holding angle is limited by nasopharynx, the sampling is convenient, the nasopharynx is easy to be pinched and injured, and the nasopharynx can be blocked during the pinching, so that the patient is uncomfortable.

The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:

a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor comprises a main rod, wherein a front support frame and a rear support frame which can be extended and retracted are arranged on the outer side of the main rod, an outer bag sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer sides of the front support frame and the rear support frame, the outer bag sleeve can form a cylindrical barrel when being expanded, and an air nozzle which can be connected with external air pressure equipment is arranged on the outer side of the outer bag sleeve;

the automatic opening and closing device is characterized by further comprising a mounting plate hinged to the outer side of the front support frame, the mounting plate can swing up and down, and the top of the mounting plate is provided with automatic opening and closing shearing pliers.

Further, front support frame and back support frame all include horizontal support pole and vertical support pole, the atmospheric pressure chamber has all been seted up to horizontal support pole and vertical support pole's inside, the atmospheric pressure chamber pass through the trachea with outer bag cover is connected, the inside sliding connection in atmospheric pressure chamber has the telescopic link, the one end that the atmospheric pressure chamber was kept away from to the telescopic link is connected with outer bag cover, be provided with reset spring between telescopic link and the atmospheric pressure intracavity wall.

Furthermore, a sliding hole is formed in one end, located in the air pressure cavity, of the telescopic rod, an air pressure ejection block is connected to the inside of the sliding hole in a sliding mode, an ejection spring is arranged between the top of the air pressure ejection block and the inner wall of the sliding hole, a transmission hole penetrating through the telescopic rod is formed in the inner wall of the sliding hole, a friction clamping block is connected to the inside of the transmission hole in a sliding mode and can be in friction contact with the inner wall of the air pressure cavity, and the friction clamping block is designed to be inclined close to one side of the air pressure ejection block.

Furthermore, the inside of telescopic link is seted up the gas pocket that runs through, the trachea passes the gas pocket.

Furthermore, the outer side of the front support frame is sleeved with an upper swing sleeve and a lower swing sleeve which can slide up and down, pull ropes are arranged between the upper swing sleeve, the lower swing sleeve and the mounting plate, an upper swing rope is arranged at the top of the upper swing sleeve, a lower swing rope is arranged at the bottom of the lower swing sleeve, and a reset torsion spring is arranged at the hinged position of the mounting plate.

Further, the length of the pull rope is larger than the swing amplitude of the mounting plate.

Furthermore, two groups of clamp sliding sleeves capable of sliding left and right are sleeved on the outer side of the front support frame, tension springs are arranged between the two groups of clamp sliding sleeves and the front support frame, clamp ropes are arranged on the outer sides of the two groups of clamp sliding sleeves, a sliding groove is formed in the handle of the shearing clamp, and a telescopic handle hinged to the clamp sliding sleeves is connected to the inner portion of the sliding groove in a sliding mode.

Furthermore, two sets of the clamp ropes are connected together at one end far away from the clamp sliding sleeve.

Furthermore, all be provided with the fixed pulley on mobile jib and the front support frame, the fixed pulley corresponds the distribution with last balance staff, lower balance staff, two sets of pincers ropes respectively, go up balance staff, lower balance staff, two sets of pincers ropes all change the transmission direction through the fixed pulley.

A method for extracting nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells comprises the following steps:

s1, inserting an extractor into a nasopharynx, observing the inserting position through a gap between a front support frame and a rear support frame, and stopping inserting after the front end of the extractor is inserted to a sampling position;

s2, inflating the outer balloon sleeve by using external air pressure equipment, wherein the outer balloon sleeve is expanded and supported on the inner wall of the nasopharynx, and the extractor is fixed in the nasopharynx by the outer balloon sleeve;

s3, controlling the extractor to rotate according to the position of the tumor, and enabling the outer cutting nippers to rotate to the position of the tumor by the extractor;

s4, pulling the clamp rope to open the shearing pliers, pulling the upper swing rope and the lower swing rope to control the upper swing sleeve and the lower swing sleeve to slide, sliding the upper swing sleeve and the lower swing sleeve to swing the shearing pliers, swinging the shearing pliers to the lump soft tissue, loosening the clamp rope, and automatically clamping the soft tissue by the shearing pliers under the action of the tension spring;

s5, finally, deflating the outer balloon, and taking the extractor out of the nasopharynx to finish cell sampling.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the mounting plate is controlled to swing up and down, then the main rod is controlled to rotate, the main rod drives the mounting plate to rotate, so that the mounting plate can swing to any position of the nasopharynx, the mounting plate can drive the cutting nippers to swing to any position of the nasopharynx, the clamping angle is wide, and the sampling is convenient.

2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the telescopic front support frame, the telescopic rear support frame and the outer bag sleeve, the device can be automatically fixed in the nasopharynx, the nasopharynx can be prevented from being injured by hands of medical workers due to shaking, and the use is convenient.

3. According to the invention, the outer bag sleeve is inflated to form a cylindrical tube, so that the nasopharynx can be protected, the normal breathing of a patient is not influenced, and the sampling comfort is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a cutting nipper according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the stand of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the support of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

figure 8 is a schematic view of an outer cuff of the present invention.

Reference numerals are as follows: 1. a main rod; 2. a front support frame; 21. a horizontal support bar; 22. a vertical support bar; 23. a telescopic rod; 24. a pneumatic chamber; 25. a return spring; 26. an air pressure jacking block; 27. a spring is supported; 28. a friction clamping block; 3. a rear support frame; 4. an outer bag sleeve; 5. an air tap; 6. mounting a plate; 7. cutting pliers; 8. a telescopic handle; 9. a clamp sliding sleeve; 10. a tension spring; 11. a clamping rope; 12. a return torsion spring; 13. an upper swinging sleeve; 14. pulling a rope; 15. swinging a rope upwards; 16. a lower swing sleeve; 17. and (5) downward swinging the rope.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-8, a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor comprises a main rod 1, a front support frame 2 and a rear support frame 3 which can be extended and retracted are arranged outside the main rod 1, an outer bag sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the outer sides of the front support frame 2 and the rear support frame 3, the outer bag sleeve 4 can form a cylinder when expanding, and an air nozzle 5 which can be connected with an external air pressure device is arranged outside the outer bag sleeve 4;

still including articulating the mounting panel 6 in the preceding support frame 2 outside, the mounting panel 6 can the luffing motion, and the cutting nipper 7 that can open and shut automatically is installed at the top of mounting panel 6.

When the extractor is used, the extractor is inserted into nasopharynx, the outer bag sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the front support frame 2 and the rear support frame 3, the front support frame 2 and the rear support frame 3 are arranged in a cross manner, the insertion position can be observed through the gap between the front support frame 2 and the rear support frame 3, the insertion is stopped after the front end of the extractor is inserted to the sampling position, then the outer bag sleeve 4 is inflated by external air pressure equipment, the outer bag sleeve 4 is expanded and supported on the inner wall of the nasopharynx, the extractor is fixed in the nasopharynx by the outer bag sleeve 4 at the moment, the nasopharynx can be protected, the extractor can be kept stable all the time, the sampling safety is high, meanwhile, the outer bag sleeve 4 is expanded to form a cylindrical barrel, normal breathing of a patient is not influenced, and the sampling comfort is high;

at the moment, according to the tumor position, the extractor is controlled to rotate, the extractor drives the outer cutting nippers 7 to rotate to the tumor position and is parallel to the tumor surface, the cutting nippers 7 are controlled to open at the moment, then the mounting plate 6 is controlled to swing, the mounting plate 6 drives the cutting nippers 7 to swing towards the tumor surface, when the cutting nippers 7 swing to the tumor soft tissue, the cutting nippers 7 are controlled to automatically clamp the soft tissue, after clamping is completed, the mounting plate 6 is controlled to swing again, the mounting plate 6 drives the cutting nippers 7 to keep away from the tumor, the inner wall of the nasopharynx is not scratched when the extractor is taken out, the taking-out safety is high, then the outer balloon sleeve 4 is deflated, after deflation is completed, the extractor is taken out from the nasopharynx, and cell sampling is completed.

As shown in fig. 5-7, in some embodiments, each of the front support frame 2 and the rear support frame 3 includes a horizontal support rod 21 and a vertical support rod 22, each of the horizontal support rod 21 and the vertical support rod 22 has an air pressure cavity 24, the air pressure cavity 24 is connected to the outer bladder sleeve 4 through an air tube, an expansion link 23 is slidably connected to the inside of the air pressure cavity 24, one end of the expansion link 23 away from the air pressure cavity 24 is connected to the outer bladder sleeve 4, and a return spring 25 is disposed between the expansion link 23 and an inner wall of the air pressure cavity 24.

When the outer bag sleeve 4 is inflated, the inner part of the air pressure cavity 24 is synchronously inflated by the outer bag sleeve 4 through the air pipe, the air pressure pushes the telescopic rod 23 to slide towards the outer side of the air pressure cavity 24, the telescopic rod 23 can support the outer bag sleeve 4, the outer bag sleeve 4 is inflated, a cylindrical barrel can be completely formed, normal respiration of a patient is not influenced, and the outer bag sleeve 4 is stably supported on the inner wall of the nasopharynx and is stably supported;

when the extractor need take out, the outer bag cover 4 of control is deflated, and outer bag cover 4 dwindles, and the inside atmospheric pressure in atmospheric pressure chamber 24 reduces simultaneously, and reset spring 25 drives telescopic link 23 and slides to atmospheric pressure chamber 24 inside, and telescopic link 23 makes the shrink that outer bag cover 4 can be faster, and the shrink is more stable, takes out the convenience.

As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, a sliding hole is formed at one end of the telescopic rod 23 located in the pneumatic cavity 24, a pneumatic jacking block 26 is slidably connected inside the sliding hole, a jacking spring 27 is arranged between the top of the pneumatic jacking block 26 and the inner wall of the sliding hole, a transmission hole penetrating through the telescopic rod 23 is formed in the inner wall of the sliding hole, a friction clamping block 28 is slidably connected inside the transmission hole, the friction clamping block 28 can be in friction contact with the inner wall of the pneumatic cavity 24, and one side of the friction clamping block 28, which is close to the pneumatic jacking block 26, is designed to be inclined.

Because the outer bag sleeve 4 is supported in the nasopharynx, the internal air pressure of the outer bag sleeve 4 cannot be too high, otherwise, the patient is not suitable, and the soft tissue injury in the nasopharynx is easily caused, therefore, when the internal air pressure of the outer bag sleeve 4 is too high, the internal air pressure of the air pressure cavity 24 is too high, the air pressure is greater than the elastic force of the top spring 27, the air pressure pushes the air pressure top block 26 to slide relative to the telescopic rod 23, the air pressure top block 26 pushes the friction clamping block 28 to slide along the transmission hole through the inclined surface of the friction clamping block 28, the friction clamping block 28 is in friction contact with the inner wall of the air pressure cavity 24, the friction clamping block 28 limits the telescopic rod 23 to continuously ascend, the telescopic rod 23 can give the pulling force to the outer bag sleeve 4, the outer bag sleeve 4 is prevented from being excessively expanded, and the stable support of the device can be further ensured;

when outer bag cover 4 is deflated, the inside atmospheric pressure of outer bag cover 4 reduces, and the inside atmospheric pressure of atmospheric pressure chamber 24 reduces, and top spring 27 promotes atmospheric pressure kicking block 26 and slides downwards this moment, and friction clamp piece 28 is kept away from to atmospheric pressure kicking block 26, no longer gives friction clamp piece 28 thrust, and what telescopic link 23 can be stable this moment accomodates in atmospheric pressure chamber 24, does not influence the extractor and takes out.

As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, a through air hole is formed in the telescopic rod 23, and an air pipe passes through the air hole, so that the sliding of the upper swing sleeve 13, the lower swing sleeve 16 and the clamp sliding sleeve 9 is not influenced while the stable transmission is ensured, and the structure is stable.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, an upper swing sleeve 13 and a lower swing sleeve 16 capable of sliding up and down are sleeved on the outer side of the front support frame 2, a pull rope 14 is arranged between the upper swing sleeve 13, the lower swing sleeve 16 and the mounting plate 6, an upper swing rope 15 is arranged at the top of the upper swing sleeve 13, a lower swing rope 17 is arranged at the bottom of the lower swing sleeve 16, and a reset torsion spring 12 is arranged at the hinged position of the mounting plate 6.

According to the lump position, the extractor is controlled to rotate, the extractor drives the outer cutting nippers 7 to rotate to the lump position and is parallel to the surface of the lump, the cutting nippers 7 are controlled to open at the moment, then the upper swinging ropes 15 are pulled, the upper swinging ropes 15 drive the upper swinging sleeves 13 to slide, the upper swinging sleeves 13 drive the mounting plates 6 to swing upwards through the pull ropes 14, the mounting plates 6 drive the cutting nippers 7 to swing upwards, and the control is stable;

when the lower swing rope 17 is pulled, the lower swing rope 17 drives the lower swing sleeve 16 to slide, the lower swing sleeve 16 drives the mounting plate 6 to swing downwards through the pull rope 14, the mounting plate 6 drives the shearing pliers 7 to swing downwards, and the control is stable;

when the upper swing rope 15 and the lower swing rope 17 are loosened, the mounting plate 6 swings to the original position under the action of the reset torsion spring 12, the extractor is not influenced to be taken out, meanwhile, under the supporting action of the reset torsion spring 12, the mounting plate 6 is not fixed by other external force when in the initial position, therefore, the pull ropes 14 above and below the mounting plate 6 in the initial position are not required to be tightened, further, the mutual influence is avoided, in addition, the initial positions of the upper swing sleeve 13 and the lower swing sleeve 16 are not required to be fixed, and the control is stable.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the length of the pull cord 14 is greater than the swing amplitude of the mounting plate 6, such that the pull cord 14 does not affect the swing of the mounting plate 6.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, two sets of clamp sliding sleeves 9 capable of sliding left and right are sleeved on the outer side of the front support frame 2, a tension spring 10 is provided between the two sets of clamp sliding sleeves 9 and the front support frame 2, clamp ropes 11 are provided on the outer sides of the two sets of clamp sliding sleeves 9, a sliding groove starts to be provided at a handle of the scissors pliers 7, and a telescopic handle 8 hinged to the clamp sliding sleeves 9 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove.

When the opening of the shearing pliers 7 needs to be controlled, the clamping rope 11 is pulled, the clamping rope 11 drives the two groups of clamping sliding sleeves 9 to synchronously and reversely slide, the two groups of clamping sliding sleeves 9 drive the telescopic handles 8 to move, the telescopic handles 8 drive the handles on the shearing pliers 7 to be away from each other, the opening of the shearing pliers 7 can be controlled, and meanwhile, the telescopic handles 8 slide relative to the handles, so that the stable transmission is ensured;

when the cutting nipper 7 is controlled to be closed, the nipper rope 11 is loosened, the tension spring 10 drives the two groups of nipper sliding sleeves 9 to synchronously slide reversely, the front supporting frame 2 is synchronously close to, the two groups of nipper sliding sleeves 9 drive the telescopic handle 8 to move, the telescopic handle 8 drives the handles on the cutting nipper 7 to be close to each other, the cutting nipper 7 can be controlled to be closed, the telescopic handle 8 slides relative to the handles, the cutting nipper 7 can be stably controlled to be opened and closed, the clamping stability is guaranteed, the elastic force of the tension spring 10 is used for clamping the cutting nipper 7, and the clamping force can be guaranteed to be moderate.

As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the ends of the two clamp ropes 11 away from the clamp sliding sleeves 9 are connected together, so that the two clamp sliding sleeves 9 can be controlled to slide synchronously, and the control is stable.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, fixed pulleys are disposed on the main rod 1 and the front support frame 2, the fixed pulleys are distributed corresponding to the upper swing rope 15, the lower swing rope 17, and the two sets of pincer-clamping ropes 11, respectively, and the transmission directions of the upper swing rope 15, the lower swing rope 17, and the two sets of pincer-clamping ropes 11 are changed by the fixed pulleys.

When the clamping rope 11 is pulled, the fixed pulley is arranged on the front support frame 2, the clamping rope 11 can drive the clamping sliding sleeve 9 to slide towards the outer side of the front support frame 2, then the fixed pulley is arranged on the main rod 1, the clamping rope 11 can be attached to the outer side of the main rod 1, and the stable transmission and the compact structure of the clamping rope 11 are ensured;

when the upper swing rope 15 or the lower swing rope 17 is pulled, the upper swing rope 15 or the lower swing rope 17 arranged on the fixed pulley on the front support frame 2 drives the upper swing sleeve 13 and the lower swing sleeve 16 to slide, then the upper swing rope 15 or the lower swing rope 17 can be attached to the outer side of the main rod 1 by the arrangement of the fixed pulley on the main rod 1, and the stable transmission and the compact structure of the upper swing rope 15 or the lower swing rope 17 are ensured.

A method for extracting nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells comprises the following steps:

s1, inserting an extractor into a nasopharynx, observing an inserting position through a gap between a front support frame 2 and a rear support frame 3, and stopping inserting after the front end of the extractor is inserted to a sampling position;

s2, inflating the outer bag sleeve 4 by using external air pressure equipment, wherein the outer bag sleeve 4 is expanded and supported on the inner wall of the nasopharynx, and the extractor is fixed in the nasopharynx by the outer bag sleeve 4;

s3, controlling the extractor to rotate according to the position of the tumor, wherein the extractor enables the outer cutting nippers 7 to rotate to the position of the tumor;

s4, pulling the clamp rope 11 again, enabling the clamp rope 11 to open the shearing clamp 7, then pulling the upper swing rope 15 and the lower swing rope 17 to control the upper swing sleeve 13 and the lower swing sleeve 16 to slide, enabling the upper swing sleeve 13 and the lower swing sleeve 16 to slide to swing the shearing clamp 7, enabling the shearing clamp 7 to swing to the lump soft tissue, loosening the clamp rope 11, and enabling the shearing clamp 7 to automatically clamp the soft tissue under the action of the tension spring 10;

s5, finally, deflating the outer sac sleeve 4, and taking the extractor out of the nasopharynx to finish cell sampling.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor comprises a main rod (1), and is characterized in that the outer side of the main rod (1) is provided with a front support frame (2) and a rear support frame (3) which can be extended and retracted, the outer sides of the front support frame (2) and the rear support frame (3) are fixedly connected with an outer bag sleeve (4), the outer bag sleeve (4) can form a cylindrical tube when being expanded, and the outer side of the outer bag sleeve (4) is provided with an air nozzle (5) which can be connected with external air pressure equipment;

still including articulated mounting panel (6) in the front of support frame (2) outside, mounting panel (6) can the luffing motion, cutting nippers (7) that can open and shut automatically are installed at the top of mounting panel (6).

2. The extractor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells according to claim 1, wherein each of the front support frame (2) and the rear support frame (3) comprises a horizontal support rod (21) and a vertical support rod (22), each of the horizontal support rod (21) and the vertical support rod (22) has an air pressure chamber (24), the air pressure chamber (24) is connected to the outer bag cover (4) through an air tube, an expansion rod (23) is slidably connected to the inside of the air pressure chamber (24), one end of the expansion rod (23) away from the air pressure chamber (24) is connected to the outer bag cover (4), and a return spring (25) is disposed between the expansion rod (23) and the inner wall of the air pressure chamber (24).

3. The extractor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells according to claim 2, wherein a sliding hole is formed at one end of the telescopic rod (23) located in the pneumatic cavity (24), a pneumatic top block (26) is slidably connected inside the sliding hole, a top spring (27) is arranged between the top of the pneumatic top block (26) and the inner wall of the sliding hole, a transmission hole penetrating through the telescopic rod (23) is formed in the inner wall of the sliding hole, a friction clamping block (28) is slidably connected inside the transmission hole, the friction clamping block (28) can be in friction contact with the inner wall of the pneumatic cavity (24), and one side of the friction clamping block (28) close to the pneumatic top block (26) is designed to be inclined.

4. The extractor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells according to claim 2, wherein the telescopic rod (23) has a through-going air hole inside, and the air tube passes through the air hole.

5. The nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor according to claim 3, wherein an upper swing sleeve (13) and a lower swing sleeve (16) which can slide up and down are sleeved on the outer side of the front support frame (2), a pull rope (14) is arranged between the upper swing sleeve (13), the lower swing sleeve (16) and the mounting plate (6), an upper swing rope (15) is arranged on the top of the upper swing sleeve (13), a lower swing rope (17) is arranged on the bottom of the lower swing sleeve (16), and a reset torsion spring (12) is arranged at the hinged position of the mounting plate (6).

6. The extractor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells according to claim 5, wherein the length of said pull rope (14) is larger than the swing amplitude of the mounting plate (6).

7. The nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor according to claim 6, wherein two sets of clamp sliding sleeves (9) capable of sliding left and right are sleeved on the outer side of the front support frame (2), a tension spring (10) is arranged between the two sets of clamp sliding sleeves (9) and the front support frame (2), clamp ropes (11) are arranged on the outer sides of the two sets of clamp sliding sleeves (9), a sliding groove starts at the handle of the shear clamp (7), and a telescopic handle (8) hinged to the clamp sliding sleeves (9) is slidably connected to the inner portion of the sliding groove.

8. The extractor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells according to claim 7, wherein two sets of said clamp cords (11) are connected together at an end away from the clamp sliding sleeve (9).

9. The extractor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells according to claim 8, wherein the main rod (1) and the front support frame (2) are provided with fixed pulleys, the fixed pulleys are respectively distributed corresponding to the upper swing rope (15), the lower swing rope (17) and the two sets of clamping ropes (11), and the transmission directions of the upper swing rope (15), the lower swing rope (17) and the two sets of clamping ropes (11) are changed by the fixed pulleys.

10. A method for extracting nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, which is applied to the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

s1, inserting an extractor into a nasopharynx, observing the inserting position through a gap between a front support frame (2) and a rear support frame (3), and stopping inserting after the front end of the extractor is inserted to a sampling position;

s2, inflating the outer bag sleeve (4) by using external air pressure equipment, wherein the outer bag sleeve (4) is expanded to be supported on the inner wall of the nasopharynx, and the extractor is fixed in the nasopharynx by the outer bag sleeve (4);

s3, controlling the extractor to rotate according to the position of the tumor, and enabling the outer cutting nippers (7) to rotate to the position of the tumor by the extractor;

s4, pulling the clamp rope (11), enabling the clamp rope (11) to open the shearing clamp (7), then pulling the upper swing rope (15) and the lower swing rope (17) to control the upper swing sleeve (13) and the lower swing sleeve (16) to slide, enabling the upper swing sleeve (13) and the lower swing sleeve (16) to slide to enable the shearing clamp (7) to swing, enabling the shearing clamp (7) to swing to the lump soft tissue, loosening the clamp rope (11), and automatically clamping the soft tissue by the shearing clamp (7) under the action of the tension spring (10);

s5, finally, the outer sac sleeve (4) is deflated, and the extractor is taken out from the nasopharynx, so that cell sampling is completed.

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