CN115859428A - Pipe diameter calculation method and one-section structure of geothermal well heat exchange system - Google Patents
Pipe diameter calculation method and one-section structure of geothermal well heat exchange system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a pipe diameter calculation method and an open section structure of a geothermal well heat exchange system, and relates to the field of geothermal well construction. Which comprises the following steps: acquiring the circulating water quantity and the heat exchange quantity of the geothermal well based on the heat exchange quantity requirement of a user; determining the minimum pipe diameter of the inner diameter of the water pumping pipe according to the relationship between the circulating water quantity and the inner diameter and the flow speed of the water pumping pipe, the energy required by the on-way total pressure drop of a water pumping pump pipeline and the relationship between the heat exchange quantity and the energy required by the on-way friction total pressure drop; and measuring the inner diameter of the heat exchange sleeve, and combining the minimum wall thickness of the water pumping pipe to obtain the maximum pipe diameter of the water pumping pipe. Thereby determining the range of the inner diameter of the pumping pipe. This application can obtain the value range of drinking-water pipe internal diameter on user's demand's basis to satisfy the requirement of geothermol power well to resident's heating load demand and economic nature on every side.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of geothermal well construction, in particular to a pipe diameter calculation method and an open-section structure of a geothermal well heat exchange system.
Background
Geothermal heating, geothermal power generation, geothermal agriculture, ground source heat pumps and other geothermal energy use projects can not leave corresponding geothermal development technologies, and most geothermal hot spring resources are realized by manually digging geothermal wells to transfer geothermal resources in the deep underground to the ground and then carry out heat exchange and heating.
The coaxial sleeve heat exchange system is a device for underground heat energy exploitation and collection, and can be divided into a closed coaxial sleeve heat exchange system and an open coaxial sleeve heat exchange system according to different principles. Compared with a closed coaxial sleeve heat exchange system, the open coaxial sleeve heat exchange system has higher heat exchange amount and better heat exchange efficiency, thereby having great and profound research significance. However, in the construction process of an actual open type coaxial sleeve heat exchange system, the situation that the heat is wasted due to too much conversion heat or the heat demand of a user cannot be met due to too little conversion heat often occurs.
In the open type coaxial sleeve heat exchange system, the selection of the pipe diameters of the water pumping pipe and the water injection pipe is one of main factors influencing the heat exchange efficiency of the open type coaxial sleeve heat exchange system, so that the pipe diameters of the inner pipes in the open type coaxial sleeve heat exchange system are reasonably calculated and selected according to actual conditions, and therefore the maximum improvement of the utilization rate of geothermal energy is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the condition that the heat transfer system conversion heat is too much and causes heat waste, or the conversion heat is too little and leads to unable satisfied user's heat demand, this application provides geothermal well heat transfer system's pipe diameter calculation method and one division of structure.
The application provides a geothermal well heat transfer system's pipe diameter calculation method and an open segment structure, includes following step: acquiring the circulating water quantity and the heat exchange quantity of the geothermal well based on the heat exchange quantity requirement of a user;
determining the minimum pipe diameter of the inner diameter of the water pumping pipe according to the relationship between the circulating water quantity and the inner diameter and the flow speed of the water pumping pipe, the energy required by the on-way total pressure drop of a water pumping pump pipeline and the relationship between the heat exchange quantity and the energy required by the on-way friction total pressure drop;
and measuring the inner diameter of the heat exchange sleeve, and combining the minimum wall thickness of the water pumping pipe to obtain the maximum pipe diameter of the water pumping pipe. Thereby determining the range of the inner diameter of the pumping pipe.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can obtain the value range of drinking-water pipe internal diameter on the basis of user's demand to satisfy the requirement of geothermol power well to resident's heating load demand and economic nature on every side, reduce heat transfer system conversion heat too much and cause the heat waste, perhaps the conversion heat is too little leads to the condition that can't satisfy user's heat demand.
Optionally, based on the heat exchange quantity demand of the user, the circulation water quantity Q of the geothermal well is obtained w And the heat exchange amount P;
Q w ＝v o ·S o
wherein v is o Is the flow velocity of water in the water pumping pipe S o Is the effective flow area of the pumping pipe, S o ＝π((d o ÷2) 2 )，d o The inner diameter of the pipeline of the water pumping pipe;
depth drop caused by resistance of water pumping pipe
The energy required by the total pressure drop along the path of the water pump pipeline is as follows: w = ρ ═ g ═ 1.1 ═ H! Q w ÷1000 ； Wherein lambda is a resistance coefficient, can be obtained by looking up a table, and can be obtained by sampling detection; rho is the density of geothermal water, and can be obtained by sampling and measuring; g is the gravity acceleration of the operation ground surface, L is the extending length of the water pumping pipe in the geothermal well, and the length can be determined according to the depth of the geothermal well;
and P in unit time is more than or equal to 4R;
selecting an open section of coaxial sleeve according to the inner diameter of the geothermal well, and measuring the inner diameter d of the coaxial sleeve of the pump section part of the geothermal well t And d is o +h o ≤d t ÷2，h o The minimum value is 6mm for the wall thickness of the water pumping pipe;
and calculating to obtain the proper inner diameter range of the water pumping pipe according to the formula.
By adopting the technical scheme, the d can be obtained according to the supply requirements of users around the geothermal well o And the maximum value of the pumping pipe is determined by the relation between the calculation formula of the energy required by the total pressure drop of the pumping pipe along the way and the circulating water quantity.
Optionally, Q is w ＝V i ·S i N number of water injection pipes and d inner diameter of water injection pipe i Effective flow area of water injection pipe is S i ；S i ＝n·π((d j ÷2) 2 )；
And d is t -d o -2h o -2(d i -2h i ) Not less than 40mm, wherein h i The minimum value is 4mm, which is the wall thickness of the water injection pipe; and calculating to obtain the pipe diameter range of the water injection pipe.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plurality of small-diameter water injection pipes, the tubular cable pipes and the water level monitoring equipment are structurally arranged around the water pumping pipe in a surrounding mode, the pipe diameter of each water injection pipe is calculated on the premise that the distance between any two adjacent pipes is kept, and the value range of the pipe diameter of each water injection pipe is limited. So that enough working space can be provided for installation in construction.
Optionally, according to the formula 2 π (d) t -d o -h o )≥a(n+2)(d i +h i ) Wherein a is a spacing coefficient, and a is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3; and calculating to obtain the value range of the quantity of the water injection pipes.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rivers velocity of flow in the water injection pipe reduces to reduced the pressure that receives in the water injection pipe, and can calculate the value range of n according to this.
Optionally, according to formula S i ＝δ·S o And calculating the number of the water injection pipes, wherein delta is more than or equal to 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the value range of n is further limited.
Preferably, δ =1.5.
By adopting the technical scheme, the value of n is determined.
On the other hand, the application discloses a heat exchange well one-section structure, which comprises a coaxial sleeve coaxially embedded in a heat exchange well, wherein a water pumping pipe used for pumping geothermal water out of the geothermal well is installed in the coaxial sleeve, the water pumping pipe is vertically installed in the heat exchange well, and a submersible pump is installed on the water pumping pipe;
and a plurality of water injection pipes are vertically arranged in the coaxial sleeve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the space of the first opening section is utilized to the maximum extent, the heat loss of the first opening section is reduced, and the pipeline resistance in water pumping is reduced.
Optionally, a separation disc is arranged in the coaxial sleeve, a plurality of through holes are formed in the separation disc, and the water injection pipes and the water pumping pipes are correspondingly arranged in the through holes in a penetrating mode.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, further reduced the heat of an open section and lost to contact and collision because rocking between drinking-water pipe, the water injection pipe have been reduced.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. establishing a model according to the requirements of users around the heat exchange well to obtain the heat exchange quantity and the circulating water quantity requirements of the users, and obtaining a proper internal diameter range of the water pumping pipe by combining the diameter of an open section of the heat exchange well according to the relation between the heat exchange quantity and the energy required by the on-way friction total pressure drop;
2. the specific number of the water injection pipes and the pipe diameter value range of the water injection pipes are obtained by limiting the flow areas of the water pumping pipes and the water injection pipes;
3. the maximum pipe diameters of the water pumping pipe and the water injection pipe are taken downwards, and the proper pipe diameters of the water pumping pipe and the water injection pipe are selected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a heat exchange well pump section in the present application.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view ofbase:Sub>A portionbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an opening section; 2. a coaxial bushing; 3. a water pumping pipe; 31. a submersible pump; 4. a water injection pipe; 5. a cable duct; 6. a water level monitoring device; 7. a divider disk; 71. through the aperture.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-2.
The embodiment of the application discloses a one-section structure of a geothermal well. Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an open section of a heat exchange well in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The first opening section 1 is a wellhead section with a larger inner diameter at the top of the heat exchange well, the first opening section 1 comprises a coaxial sleeve 2 which is coaxially embedded in the heat exchange well, a water pumping pipe 3 for pumping geothermal water out of the geothermal well is installed in the coaxial sleeve 2, the water pumping pipe 3 is vertically installed in the heat exchange well, and a submersible pump 31 is installed on the water pumping pipe 3;
a plurality of water injection pipes 4 are vertically arranged in the coaxial sleeve 2. In this embodiment, the total depth of the heat exchange well is about 2500m-3000m, and the total depth of the first open section is 500m. The water surface height of the underground water level is 200m underground, the inner diameter of a wellhead of the first open section 1 of the heat exchange well is 311mm, and the submersible pump 31 is installed below the water surface of the first open section at the position of 210m-230m underground.
In order to ensure the temperature of the water flow pumped by the water pumping pipe 3, the extending length of the water pumping pipe 3 in the heat exchange well is 2100m by combining the total depth of the heat exchange well.
In order to maximize the space utilization of one section, water injection pipe 4 is equipped with many, and the bottom of water injection pipe 4 is located immersible pump 31's top, and even the encircleing of laying around drinking-water pipe 3 is evenly surrounded to many water injection pipes 4 and banding cable pipe 5 and water level monitoring equipment 6 to the maximize utilizes the inner space of one section 1 of opening, and the interval between the balanced arbitrary two adjacent pipes.
The choice of the coaxial sleeve 2 is selected based on the inner diameter of an open section. Coaxial sleeve 2 can keep warm to the heat transfer well on the one hand, reduces thermal scattering and disappearing, and on the other hand consolidates an open section 1 of heat transfer well, reduces the heat transfer well and appears collapsing the condition. The coaxial sleeve 2 in this application has an inner diameter d t Steel pipe with a diameter of 224 mm.
A plurality of separating discs 7 are fixedly arranged in the coaxial sleeve 2 above the submersible pump 31, through holes 71 which are one-to-one corresponding to the water pumping pipe 3, the water injection pipe 4, the cable pipe 5 and the water level monitoring device 6 are formed in the separating discs 7, wherein the through holes 71 corresponding to the water pumping pipe 3 are formed coaxially with the separating discs 7, and other through holes 71 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the separating discs 7. The pumping pipe 3, the water injection pipe 4, the cable pipe 5 and the water level monitoring device 6 respectively penetrate through the corresponding through holes 71, so that contact and collision among all pipelines in the first opening section 1, the cable pipe 5 and the water level monitoring device 6 due to shaking are reduced.
On the other hand, based on the one-segment structure of the heat exchange well, the pipe diameter calculating method of the geothermal well heat exchange system provided by the application adopts the following steps:
firstly, establishing a use model of the heat exchange system according to actual supply requirements. In the embodiment, based on the operation scene of the Beijing area, the initial operation is considered for 2 months and one heating period is considered for 4 months, the continuous operation is considered in the calculation, and the intermittent pump stop is not considered. According to the consideration of preliminary calculation, the bore diameter is smaller, and the inner diameter of the water pumping pipe is relatively smaller, so thatWill circulate the flow Q w Is defined as Q w ＝20m 3 /h。
The initial operation time of the heat exchange system is 60 days, the temperature is rapidly reduced and then slowly reduced, and the outlet temperature can reach 29.8 ℃ after 60 days. The heat exchange power P of the heat exchange system can reach 240KW. The fluid in the pumping pipe is increased approximately linearly in the depth change, heat is provided mainly by formation heat conduction, and the temperature is only reduced by 1 ℃ in the whole depth due to the heat insulation performance of the coaxial sleeve. For 120 days of operation, the fluid temperature decreased compared to 60 days, but the overall decrease was not great. The inlet fluid temperature still extracts heat by means of heat conduction, and the temperature drop in the inner tube is still around 1 ℃, so that P =240KW is brought into the calculation.
Quantity of circulating water Q w The relation between the water pump pipe and the water injection pipe is as the following formula:
Q w ＝v o ·S o ＝·v i ·S i (1)；
wherein v is o Is the flow velocity of water in the pumping pipe, S o The number of the water injection pipes is n and the inner diameter of the water injection pipe is d for the effective flow area of the water pumping pipe i (ii) a Effective flow area of the water injection pipe is S i N number of water injection pipes and d inner diameter of water injection pipe i ；
And S o ＝π((d o ÷2) 2 )；S i ＝n·π((d j ÷2) 2 ) (2)；
The relationship between the heat exchange capacity and the energy required for the total pressure drop of the on-way friction conforms to the following formula:
depth drop caused by resistance of water pumping pipe
The energy required by the total pressure drop along the path of the water pump pipeline is as follows: w = ρ ═ g ═ 1.1 ═ H! Q w ÷1000 (4)；
Wherein λ is a resistance coefficient, and a definite value can be obtained by looking up a table, and the value of λ in this embodiment is 0.043; rho is geothermal water density, and can be measured by sampling, wherein the geothermal water density in the embodiment is calculated by selecting 1000kg/m < 3 >; g is the gravity acceleration constant of the operation ground surface, and the selected value is 9.8m/s 2 L is pumped waterThe length of the pipe extending into the geothermal well may be determined according to the depth of the geothermal well, according to the above structure, L =2100m.
And in order to guarantee the economy of the heat exchange system, the situation that the heat exchange is reduced through the economy due to too much energy consumed by the on-way friction resistance of the pipeline in the water pumping process is avoided, and the on-way friction resistance and the heat exchange power of the pipeline meet the formula:
P≥4W (5)；
in order to reserve the space of the water injection pipe and other equipment or pipelines, the maximum value of the outer diameter of the water pumping pipe is not more than half of the inner diameter of the coaxial sleeve:
d o +h o ≤d t ÷2 (6)；
in the formula h o The minimum value is 6mm for the wall thickness of the water pumping pipe;
according to the formula, the proper inner diameter range of the water pumping pipe can be calculated as follows: d is not less than 54mm o ≤106mm
In the above range, d o The maximum value is taken downwards, and the diameter of the largest water pumping pipe in the market is selected as follows: i.e. a pipe with an outer diameter of 89mm and an inner diameter of 62 mm.
At this time, d o ＝62mm，d o +h o ＝89mm。
In order to ensure the distance between two adjacent water injection pipes, the following formula is set:
2π(d t +d o +h o )÷2≥a(n+2)(d i +h i ) (7)，
a is a spacing coefficient, and a is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.
In order to ensure the installation space of the pipeline in one open section, the pipe diameters of the water pumping pipe and the water injection pipe meet the following formula:
d t -d o -2h o -2(d i -2h i )≥40mm (8)。
according to the formula (8), the pipe diameter range d of the water injection pipe is obtained i ≤43.5mm，
In the pipe diameter scope of water injection pipe, from the downward value of maximum value, obtain the water injection pipe diameter that meets the requirements on the market: the inner diameter was 32.6mm. The outer diameter is 40.8mm.
At this time d i ＝32.6mm，d i +h i ＝40.8mm，
Substituting equation (7) by rounding down yields: n is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 12.
Furthermore, from the area of circulation of drinking-water pipe and water injection pipe, the velocity of flow that needs to guarantee that rivers are less than the velocity of flow of drinking-water pipe in the water injection pipe, so restrict the quantity of water injection pipe, set up following formula:
S i ＝δ·S o wherein delta is more than or equal to 1 (9)
Preferably, δ =1.5. Substituting formula (9) in combination with formula (2), rounding up to obtain the number of water injection pipes as follows: n =6.
And the calculation and selection of the pipe diameters of the water injection pipe and the water pumping pipe at one section are completed, so that the expected heat supply effect is achieved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The pipe diameter calculation method of the geothermal well heat exchange system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the circulating water quantity and the heat exchange quantity of the geothermal well based on the heat exchange quantity requirement of a user;
determining the minimum pipe diameter of the inner diameter of the water pumping pipe according to the relationship between the circulating water quantity and the inner diameter and the flow speed of the water pumping pipe, the energy required by the on-way total pressure drop of a water pumping pump pipeline and the relationship between the heat exchange quantity and the energy required by the on-way friction total pressure drop;
and measuring the inner diameter of the heat exchange sleeve, and combining the minimum wall thickness of the water pumping pipe to obtain the maximum pipe diameter of the water pumping pipe. Thereby determining the range of the inner diameter of the pumping pipe.
2. The method for calculating the pipe diameter of the geothermal well heat exchange system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: based on the heat exchange quantity demand of a user, the circulating water quantity Q of the geothermal well is obtained w And the heat exchange amount P;
Q w ＝v o ·S o
wherein v is o Is the flow velocity of water in the pumping pipe, S o Is the effective flow area of the pumping pipe, S o ＝π((d o ÷2) 2 )，d o The inner diameter of the pipeline of the water pumping pipe;
depth drop caused by resistance of water pumping pipe
The energy required by the total pressure drop along the path of the water pump pipeline is as follows: w = ρ ═ g ═ 1.1 ═ H! Q w ÷1000；
Wherein lambda is a resistance coefficient, can be obtained by looking up a table, and can be obtained by sampling detection; rho is the density of geothermal water, and can be obtained by sampling and measuring; g is the gravity acceleration of the operation ground surface, L is the extending length of the water pumping pipe in the geothermal well, and the length can be determined according to the depth of the geothermal well;
and P in unit time is more than or equal to 4W;
selecting a coaxial sleeve of the pump section according to the inner diameter of the geothermal well, and measuring the inner diameter d of the coaxial sleeve of the pump section part of the geothermal well t And d is o +h o ≤d t ÷2，h o The minimum value is 6mm for the wall thickness of the water pumping pipe;
and calculating to obtain the proper inner diameter range of the water pumping pipe according to the formula.
3. The method for calculating the pipe diameter of the geothermal well heat exchange system according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: said Q w ＝v i ·S i N number of water injection pipes and d inner diameter of water injection pipe i The effective flow area of the water injection pipe is S i ；S i ＝n·π((d i ÷2) 2 )；
And d is t -d o -2h o -2(d i -2h i ) Not less than 40mm, wherein h i The minimum value is 4mm, which is the wall thickness of the water injection pipe; and calculating to obtain the pipe diameter range of the water injection pipe.
4. The method of claim 3The pipe diameter calculating method of the geothermal well heat exchange system is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the formula 2 pi (d) t -d o -h o )≥a(n+2)(d i +h i ) Wherein a is a spacing coefficient, and a is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3; and calculating to obtain the value range of the quantity of the water injection pipes.
5. The method for calculating the pipe diameter of the geothermal well heat exchange system according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the δ =1.5.
6. The open-section structure of geothermal well heat exchange system according to claim 5, wherein: according to the formula S i ＝δ·S o And calculating to obtain the number of the water injection pipes, wherein delta is larger than or equal to 1.
7. The open section structure of geothermal well heat transfer system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a coaxial sleeve (2) coaxially embedded in an opening section (1), a water pumping pipe (3) for pumping geothermal water out of a geothermal well is installed in the coaxial sleeve (2), the water pumping pipe (3) is vertically installed in a heat exchange well, and a submersible pump is installed on the water pumping pipe (3);
a plurality of water injection pipes (4) are vertically arranged in the coaxial sleeve (2).
8. The open-section structure of the geothermal well heat exchange system according to claim 7, wherein: a separation disc (7) is arranged in the coaxial sleeve (2), a plurality of through holes (51) are formed in the separation disc (7), and the water injection pipes (4) and the water pumping pipes (3) are correspondingly arranged in the through holes (51) in a penetrating mode.
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