CN115856887A - Cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system - Google Patents
Cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system, which comprises a ground platform and an air platform; the aerial platform comprises a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles provided with detection equipment and communication equipment; the communication equipment is respectively connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle and the communication equipment in a wired or wireless way; the ground platform comprises a radar signal receiving antenna, image processing equipment, comprehensive processing equipment and power supply equipment; the image processing equipment is comprehensively used for carrying out MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing on the plurality of echo information to obtain a high-definition target two-dimensional resolution image, and the target two-dimensional resolution image is transmitted to the comprehensive processing equipment; the invention adopts multi-sub-aperture echo processing software to carry out pretreatment on the basis of MISO-ISAR technology, obtains the optimal feature by fusing the image feature, thereby obtaining the optimal aperture image, achieving the effect of high-definition two-dimensional imaging on the target, and realizing the high-definition imaging resolution on the low-slow small target and the dense target in the detection airspace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar detection imaging, and particularly relates to a cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system.
Background
The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection technology can realize two-dimensional real-time identification on a low-slow small target, and has all-weather hidden detection and anti-interference capabilities, the existing ground radar receiving and transmitting integration is changed into silent receiving imaging through the combination of an aerial unmanned aerial vehicle detection platform and a ground air defense platform, a distributed detection layout of 'sending and receiving every day' is formed, the resolution capability of the existing air defense platform on the low-slow small target is improved, meanwhile, the hidden operation capability of an air defense system can also be improved, and the cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection technology has a wide application prospect in land field operation air defense anti-low-slow small target operation. The technology can also be applied to the fields of ship air defense and the like in an expanded mode, and the detection capability of the naval vessel on low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles and cruise missiles is improved.
Based on the B-ISAR theory, each transceiver pair can obtain a sub-aperture image, and in order to obtain a high-resolution fusion imaging result, the sub-aperture needs to be fused, and the existing research only involves the synthesis between two apertures, but lacks the research on the synthesis method between multiple apertures, so that an effective imaging fusion processing technology and system need to be provided for the fusion of multiple apertures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system, which realizes multi-aperture feature fusion on the basis of distributed MISO-ISAR.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system comprises a ground platform and an aerial platform;
the aerial platform comprises a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles provided with detection equipment and communication equipment; the communication equipment is respectively connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle and the communication equipment in a wired or wireless way;
the ground platform comprises a radar signal receiving antenna, image processing equipment, comprehensive processing equipment and power supply equipment;
the radar signal receiving antenna is used for receiving a plurality of echo information reflected by a target and transmitting the information to the image processing equipment;
the image processing equipment is comprehensively used for carrying out MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing on the plurality of echo information to obtain a high-definition target two-dimensional resolution image, and the target two-dimensional resolution image is transmitted to the comprehensive processing equipment;
the comprehensive processing equipment identifies a target based on a target library stored in the comprehensive processing equipment; the comprehensive processing equipment is in wireless communication connection with communication equipment of the aerial platform;
the mobile equipment is used for carrying a radar signal receiving antenna, image processing equipment and comprehensive processing equipment, and the power supply equipment is electrically connected with other equipment.
Further, the ground platform comprises a mobile device, and the mobile device is used for carrying a radar signal receiving antenna, an image processing device, a comprehensive processing device and a power supply device.
Further, the radar signal receiving antenna is a phased array receiving antenna, and the phased array receiving antenna is connected with the image processing device through a cable.
Further, the communication equipment is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle through a cable.
Further, the power supply equipment comprises an electric power control terminal, a diesel generator set and a high-energy inverter power supply.
Further, the image processing device comprises multi-sub-aperture echo processing software, and the multi-sub-aperture echo processing software carries out MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing to obtain high-definition two-dimensional resolution imaging information of the target.
Further, the multi-sub-aperture echo processing software adopts the following algorithm to perform MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing:
respectively generating basic characteristic functions K according to the imaged characteristics m (x)，
K m (x)＝f(x 1 ,x 2 ...x n )，
Wherein x is 1 ,x 2 ...x n Respectively corresponding to different characteristics of the imaging process;
obtaining a comprehensive characteristic function according to the basic characteristic function:
with the constraint of
Wherein, K m (x) As a basis feature function, M denotes the mth basis feature function, M is the number of basis feature functions, d m Represents the weight of the corresponding basis feature function; according to d m Solving a comprehensive characteristic function; and performing feature fusion according to the comprehensive feature function, and solving the optimal fusion feature to realize the optimal aperture image fusion.
The method for solving the optimal fusion characteristics comprises the following steps:
the synthetic feature function K (x) is expressed as follows:
the optimal fusion algorithm is equivalently found to be an optimization problem, to
Finding the minimum value, and d corresponding to the minimum value m Substituting the comprehensive characteristic function to obtain the optimal comprehensive characteristic functionK y (x)；
Obtaining
The minimum is constrained as follows:
wherein ξ i Is a relaxation variable, C is a penalty factor, y i Are category labels.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system, multi-sub-aperture echo processing software is adopted, preprocessing is carried out on the basis of the MISO-ISAR technology, the optimal features are obtained through fusion processing of image features, the optimal aperture image is obtained, the effect of high-definition two-dimensional imaging of the target is achieved, and high-definition imaging resolution of the low-slow small target and the dense target in a detection airspace is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of multi-subaperture synthetic aperture fusion.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention discloses a cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system, which comprises a ground platform and an aerial platform;
the ground platform comprises a radar signal receiving antenna, image processing equipment, comprehensive processing equipment, power supply equipment and mobile equipment;
the aerial platform comprises a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles provided with detection equipment and communication equipment; the communication equipment is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle in a wired or wireless way, in the embodiment, the communication equipment is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle through a cable;
the unmanned aerial vehicle platform is used for approaching observation and flying of targets, the targets are detected by multi-band signals transmitted by the detection equipment, and the ground control and track planning signals are received by the communication equipment to perform aerial layout and configuration.
The main function of the detection device is to transmit a detection signal to the target. Detection equipment installs at unmanned aerial vehicle's anterior segment, to the target transmission detection beam in the place ahead, the detection beam mainly concentrates on Ka and Ku frequency channel, possesses a plurality of wave bands, and every multistage bandwidth width 500M, detection distance is not less than 30km.
The communication equipment is arranged at the front end of the detection equipment and is mainly used for communicating with the ground platform and sending state information such as the spatial position and the speed of the communication equipment to the ground, and the comprehensive processing equipment of the ground platform receives the information. The comprehensive processing equipment sends flight tracks and configuration instructions of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the aerial platform, and the communication equipment receives the information and the instructions and sends the information and the instructions to the unmanned aerial vehicle through the internal cable.
The radar signal receiving antenna is used for receiving a plurality of echo information reflected by a target, and in the embodiment, the radar signal receiving antenna is a phased array receiving antenna and is made of metal; the phased array receiving antenna is connected with the image processing equipment through a cable, an antenna array surface receives an external target echo signal, and information is transmitted to the image processing equipment through the cable; antenna array area of about 4m 2 The radar signal receiving antenna is arranged on the radar platform, the radar platform is provided with the rotating mechanism and the lodging mechanism, and the radar signal receiving antenna can be controlled to rotate, lodge and the like according to the instruction of the comprehensive processing equipment.
The image processing equipment mainly receives signals transmitted by the radar antenna, analyzes the signals and calculates to obtain information such as the position, distance, speed, size and the like of a target. The device is used for processing a plurality of echo information, carrying out MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing to obtain a high-definition target two-dimensional resolution image, and transmitting the target two-dimensional resolution image to the comprehensive processing equipment;
the image processing device comprises multi-sub-aperture echo processing software, and the multi-sub-aperture echo processing software adopts the following algorithm to carry out MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing:
respectively generating basic characteristic functions Km (x) according to the imaged characteristics,
K m (x)＝f(x 1 ,x 2 ...x n )，
wherein x is 1 ,x 2 ...x n Each corresponding to a different characteristic of the imaging process including, but not limited to, the pixels, resolution, single synthetic aperture size, separation distance of apertures, etc. of the imaging process.
Obtaining a comprehensive characteristic function according to the basic characteristic function:
with the constraint of
Wherein Km (x) is a basic feature function, M represents the mth basic feature function, M is the number of the basic feature functions, and dm represents the weight of the corresponding basic feature function; solving a comprehensive characteristic function according to dm; performing feature fusion according to the comprehensive feature function, and solving each optimal fusion feature to realize optimal aperture image fusion;
the synthetic feature function K (x) may be expressed as follows:
the optimal fusion algorithm is equivalently found to be an optimization problem, pair
Calculating the minimum value, substituting the dm corresponding to the minimum value into the comprehensive characteristic function to obtain the optimal comprehensive characteristic function K y (x)；
Obtaining
The minimum constraints are as follows:
wherein ξ i Is a relaxation variable, C is a penalty factor, y i Are category labels. Xi i 、C、y i The value of (2) is given by multiple optimization assignments through a large number of samples and examples and by combining engineering experience.
The method has the advantages that the multiple images are fused through the algorithm, so that the fused optimal characteristics are obtained, the optimal aperture image is obtained, the effect of high-definition two-dimensional imaging of the target is achieved, and high-definition imaging resolution of the low-slow small target and the dense target in the detection space is realized.
The MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging process further comprises fusing the sub-apertures:
calculating the virtual aperture delta theta formed after multi-aperture fusion, and dividing the sub-aperture delta theta as shown in FIG. 1 1 To delta theta P Obtaining delta theta after fusion, and selecting a fusion method according to the virtual aperture delta theta.
Fusing the sub-aperture specifically includes: assuming a common P sets of echoes (i.e. P radars),
when in use
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
the fusion is performed using a conventional sub-aperture fusion method, where p represents the pth group of echoes, θ p The aperture representing the p-th set of echoes,
β 0 representing the double base angle of the radar at time Tp = 0. The conventional sub-aperture fusion method has been reported in the existing research, and reference can be specifically made to the third chapter of the article "research on distributed radar imaging technology for moving targets".
When the temperature is higher than the set temperature
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
the following fusion model was used: s = A σ + e
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
s is the total echo signal obtained by combining a plurality of echo signals S, A is an observation matrix corresponding to S, and the observation matrix A is formed by an unknown number omega 1 ,ω 2 ···ω P And beta 02 ,β 03 ···β 0P It is determined that ω is the rotational speed of the target relative to the radar (P radars correspond to P ω), β 02 ,β 03 ···β 0P Is the bistatic angle of the target to P-1 radars at the time of Tp = 0; sigma is a single radar echo signal; e is the noise vector.
The method has the advantages that the multiple images are fused through the algorithm, so that the fused optimal characteristics are obtained, the optimal aperture image is obtained, the effect of high-definition two-dimensional imaging of the target is achieved, and high-definition imaging resolution of the low-slow small target and the dense target in the detection space is realized.
The comprehensive processing equipment is used as a control center of the ground platform and is in wireless communication connection with the communication equipment of the aerial platform; the comprehensive processing equipment is used as a main terminal for interaction of personnel and a system, receives superior commands and issues combat instructions, and the combat instructions comprise control of powering-on and powering-off of high-energy power supply equipment, unfolding, rotation and retraction of radar antennas, flight control and configuration of an air platform, identification and matching of targets and the like. The identification and matching of the target are that the comprehensive processing equipment identifies the target based on a target library stored in the comprehensive processing equipment.
The motor equipment is a vehicle, is used for carrying a radar signal receiving antenna, image processing equipment and comprehensive processing equipment and can move as required, and the power supply equipment is electrically connected with other equipment. The size of the vehicle is not less than 8mx2.8mx3m, the load capacity is not less than 10t, and the vehicle can perform the functions of maneuvering cross country, climbing, wading and the like.
The power supply equipment is used as a power supply center of the whole ground platform, provides power for other equipment on the vehicle through a power supply cable, provides different power supply voltages including 28V,380V and the like for the equipment, is provided with an external mains supply charging interface, and has the power supply power not less than 60kw. The power supply equipment is internally composed of an electric power control terminal, a diesel generator set and a high-energy inverter power supply. When the electric power control terminal is operated, the control terminal of each device for powering on and powering off is operated, and the power supply working state of each device is monitored in real time; under the condition of no commercial power, the diesel generator set generates power by using diesel and provides the power for a high-energy inverter. The high-energy inverter power supply can store a large amount of electric energy and supply power for outputting different voltages to various devices.
Claims (7)
1. A cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system is characterized by comprising a ground platform and an aerial platform;
the aerial platform comprises a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles provided with detection equipment and communication equipment; the communication equipment is respectively connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle and the communication equipment in a wired or wireless way;
the ground platform comprises a radar signal receiving antenna, image processing equipment, comprehensive processing equipment and power supply equipment;
the radar signal receiving antenna is used for receiving a plurality of echo information reflected by a target and transmitting the information to the image processing equipment;
the image processing equipment is comprehensively used for carrying out MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing on the plurality of echo information to obtain a target two-dimensional resolution image, and the target two-dimensional resolution image is transmitted to the comprehensive processing equipment;
the comprehensive processing equipment identifies a target based on a target library stored by the comprehensive processing equipment; the comprehensive processing equipment is in wireless communication connection with communication equipment of the aerial platform;
the power supply device is electrically connected with other devices.
2. The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system of claim 1, wherein the ground platform further comprises motorized equipment for hosting radar signal receiving antennas, image processing equipment, integrated processing equipment, and power supply equipment.
3. The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system of claim 1, wherein the radar signal receiving antenna is a phased array receiving antenna, and the phased array receiving antenna is connected with the image processing device through a cable.
4. The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system of claim 1, wherein the communication device is connected with the drone by a cable.
5. The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system of claim 1, wherein the power supply equipment comprises a power management and control terminal, a diesel generator set and a high-energy inverter power supply.
6. The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system of claim 1, wherein said image processing device comprises multi-sub-aperture echo processing software, said multi-sub-aperture echo processing software performing MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing to obtain two-dimensional resolution imaging information of the target.
7. The cross-domain distributed MISO-ISAR radar forward-looking imaging detection system of claim 6, wherein the multi-sub-aperture echo processing software performs MISO-ISAR synthetic imaging processing using the following algorithm:
respectively generating basic characteristic functions K according to the imaged characteristics m (x)，
K m (x)＝f(x 1 ,x 2 ...x n )，
Wherein x is 1 ,x 2 ...x n Respectively corresponding to different characteristics of the imaging process;
obtaining a comprehensive characteristic function according to the basic characteristic function:
with the constraint of
Wherein, K m (x) As a basis feature function, M denotes the mth basis feature function, M is the number of basis feature functions, d m Represents the weight of the corresponding basis feature function; according to d m Solving a comprehensive characteristic function; and performing feature fusion according to the comprehensive feature function, and solving the optimal fusion feature to realize the optimal aperture image fusion.
The method for solving the optimal fusion characteristics comprises the following steps:
the synthetic feature function K (x) is expressed as follows:
the optimal fusion algorithm is equivalently found to be an optimization problem, pair
Finding the minimum value, and d corresponding to the minimum value m Substituting the comprehensive characteristic function to obtain an optimal comprehensive characteristic function K y (x)；
Obtaining
The minimum is constrained as follows:
wherein ξ i Is a slack variable, C is a penalty factor, y i Are category labels.
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