CN115855597A - Method for distinguishing mining specificity of granite mass by using apatite - Google Patents
Method for distinguishing mining specificity of granite mass by using apatite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for distinguishing the mining specificity of granite by using apatite, which comprises the following steps: an apatite sample is obtained by sorting the mineralized granite; and inlaying the apatite sample in epoxy resin, polishing, shooting a CL image, carrying out EPMA (Epstein-Barr assay) major element analysis, LA-ICP-MS (LA-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) trace element analysis, U-Pb dating analysis and Sm-Nd isotope analysis on the CL image, and comprehensively judging the mining specificity of the mined granite according to various analysis characteristics. The method can rapidly and accurately judge the ore forming specificity of the granite mass and provide prospective prediction for regional ore finding by directly acquiring mineralogy information so as to guide the regional ore finding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral exploration methods.
Background
The mining specificity is commonly used for magma rock, and means that a certain mining effect and a certain product (mineral deposit) thereof have a specific exclusive action relationship with a certain geological effect and a certain product (geologic body) thereof, namely a certain mineral product has a specific correlation with a certain magma rock.
The relationship between granite and different kinds of ore deposits or ore-forming combinations is influenced by the mineral content of the original rock or mother rock forming the granite, and is also related to factors such as surrounding rock, volatile matter, alkalinity, magma activity and the like. The relationship between alkalinity and other material components of magma and the occurrence or non-occurrence of mineralization, which mineralised materials are enriched, what deposit is formed, the strength of the deposit, whether the deposit is intact, etc., are the interactions of various factors and are very complex. Therefore, how to establish a simple and effective method for judging the mining specificity of the granite mass is very important. The geological conditions and characteristics of the granite diagenesis are carded, the diagenesis specificity of granite is researched, and the method has important significance for researching the diagenesis rule of a region and guiding regional ore exploration.
Apatite is a side mineral widely distributed in the granite mass associated with mineralization. The previous researches on the apatite mainly focus on restricting the structural activity heat chronology by using the apatite fission track chronology, and a mineral exploration method which takes the apatite as the specificity for distinguishing the finished granite mass is not established.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for judging the ore-forming specificity of granite by using apatite, which can take side-mineral apatite widely existing in granite rock as a mark for judging the ore-forming type of granite rock, improves the ore-forming efficiency and accuracy of an ore deposit and solves the problems of high ore-forming difficulty, long period and low efficiency of the ore deposit.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for distinguishing the mining specificity of granite by using apatite comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting apatite particles from the collected ore-forming granite rock sample, and randomly selecting at least 100 particles from the apatite particles obtained by selection as a marker;
(2) Embedding the marker in a resin matrix, and carrying out cathode luminescence image shooting after polishing to obtain the cathode luminescence image characteristics of the marker;
(3) Carrying out electronic probe main quantity element analysis on the marker to obtain main quantity element characteristics of the marker;
(4) Carrying out U-Pb dating analysis on the marker to obtain the chronology characteristics of the marker;
(5) Carrying out LA-ICP-MS microelement analysis on the marker to obtain the characteristics of the microelements;
(6) Analyzing the Sm-Nd isotope ratio of the marker to obtain the Sm-Nd isotope characteristics of the marker;
(7) And determining the ore-forming specificity and/or delineating an ore-finding potential area and/or an ore-finding target area of the granite body according to the cathodoluminescence image characteristics, the main quantity element characteristics, the chronology characteristics, the trace element characteristics and the Sm-Nd isotope characteristics of the marker.
In the above scheme, the trace elements refer to elements with a content of <2%, such as Sr, Y, nb, mo, hf, ta, U, re (rare earth element), and the like.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cathodoluminescence image features comprise: the color present at different locations in the image, whether a zone of oscillation appears in the image, whether other hydrothermal minerals and/or fluid inclusions are present in the image.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the principal quantity element characteristic comprises one or more of the following characteristics: the types and contents of major elements and the content ratio among the elements; the main quantity elements comprise: ca. One or more of P, F, si, fe, cl, ti, mg, K, S, ba and Al.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the principal quantity element characteristics comprise: the content ratio of F element to Cl element.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the chronology characteristic comprises: the age of the lower crossing point of the marker in the Tera-Wasserburg synergy plot obtained from the U-Pb dating.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the trace element characteristics comprise one or more of the following characteristics: the types, contents and content ratios of trace elements, the total rare earth content, the total light rare earth content and the total heavy rare earth content of the trace elements; the trace elements include: 24 Mg、 29 Si、 45 Sc、 51 V、 55 Mn、 57 Fe、 75 As、 85 Rb、 88 Sr、 89 Y、 91 Zr、 93 Nb、 98 Mo、 137 Ba、 139 La、 140 Ce、 141 Pr、 146 Nd、 147 Sm、 151 Eu、 157 Gd、 159 Tb、 163 Dy、 165 Ho、 166 Er、 169 Tm、 173 Yb、 175 Lu、 178 Hf、 181 Ta、Pb、 232 Th、 238 U。
according to some embodiments of the invention, the Sm — Nd isotope features include: 143 nd and 144 the ratio of Nd, 145 Nd and 144 ratio of Nd, and 147 sm and 144 the ratio of Nd.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis is performed on a marker having a Nd element content of greater than 400ppm and a particle size of greater than 90 μm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, step (3) comprises: performing the principal component element analysis by using an electron probe microanalyzer; in the analysis, a natural sample and an artificially synthesized oxide are used as standard samples, the adopted accelerating voltage is 15kV, the exciting current is 10nA, the electron beam spot is 5 mu m, the characteristic peaks of Ca and P are measured to be 10s, the characteristic peaks of other elements are measured to be 20s, and the volatile halogen element is placed at a preferential test position; the data obtained from the test was subjected to ZAF correction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the step (4) comprises in particular: carrying out the U-Pb dating analysis by adopting a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer; the beam spot used in the analysis had a diameter of 30 μm, a denudation frequency of 6Hz, and an energy density of 5J/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of adopting natural apatite MAD2 as a calibration standard sample and Durango as a monitoring standard sample, analyzing 2 MAD2 standard samples and 1 Durango standard sample every 10 sample points, collecting gas blank of 20 seconds, carrying out data processing in a signal interval of 35-40 seconds, and carrying out deep fractionation calibration according to an exponential equation.
According to some embodiments of the invention, said step (5) comprises in particular: performing the trace elements by using a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometerAnalyzing; in the analysis, the cathodoluminescence image without cracks and inclusions is selected for circle point, particles are corroded in a point mode, the diameter of a beam spot is 32 microns, the frequency is 5Hz, helium is used as carrier gas, argon is used as compensation gas, the sample signal acquisition time is 35-50s, the blank background value acquisition time is 20s, an artificially synthesized silicate glass standard substance NIST 610 and a sample obtained through an electronic probe are adopted 43 Ca is used as an external standard and an internal standard for correction respectively, and the analysis data is processed off line.
According to some embodiments of the invention, said step (6) comprises in particular: performing Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis by adopting laser ablation-multi-receiving inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; the analysis used a single spot mode, the beam spot diameter was 90 μm, the frequency was 8Hz, the laser ablation system used helium as the carrier gas, and two natural apatite standards and Durango and MAD monitored the samples.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the determining in step (7) comprises: when the cathodoluminescence image of the marker of the same time in the marker has a vibration ring zone, a clean and transparent surface and does not develop a fluid inclusion; and the content ratio of main quantity elements F and Cl of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers<20 among the trace elements Ga<30ppm、Sr>190ppm、Y<1000ppm、Mn<1500ppm、Fe<1000ppm, total rare earth content ∑ REE<5000ppm, right-inclined rare earth element distribution curve, eu/Eu-representing Eu negative anomaly>0.15; and the isotope ratio of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers 143 Nd/ 144 Ratio of Nd>0.5120, the granite mass is mainly a copper polymetallic deposit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the determining in step (7) comprises:
when the cathodoluminescence image of the marker of the same era in the marker has a vibration ring zone, a clean and transparent surface and does not develop a fluid inclusion; and the content ratio of main quantity elements F and Cl of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers>20 among the trace elements Ga>30ppm、Sr<190ppm、Y>1000ppm、Fe>1000ppm, total rare earth content∑REE>5000ppm, the rare earth element distribution curve is flat or right-inclined, and Eu/Eu represents Eu negative anomaly<0.15; and the isotope ratio of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers 143 Nd/ 144 Ratio of Nd<0.5120, the granite mass is mainly composed of tungsten-tin polymetallic deposit.
In the above embodiment, the contemporary marker is a marker whose age difference is less than 10% after year determination by U-Pb.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the marker in U-Pb dating is detected at a location where there are no significant mineral or fluid inclusions between the center and the border of the apatite.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the marker is detected at the same position as an annual detection position of U — Pb of apatite in the Sm — Nd isotope ratio analysis.
Apatite has strong physical and chemical weathering resistance, chemical components of the apatite are very sensitive to the crystallization environment and changes of the crystallization environment, and a plurality of elements can enter crystal lattices through a substitution process. And the original information can be well preserved after the apatite is formed. In using unaltered magma apatite to reveal compositional characteristics of the original magma melt, it is necessary to judge whether the magma melt is fluid saturated when the magma apatite is crystallized. Since only apatite which crystallizes in the fluid unsaturated state of the magma melt is indicative of the initial melt, since part of the fluid-philic elements are lost in the melt as the fluid is dissolved out.
At saturation of the magma volatiles, often accompanied by fluid exsolution, in which case the crystalline apatite often develops fluid inclusions as can be seen by microscopic lithofacies observation. Under the observation of the micro lithofacies, the apatite presents a clean and transparent surface, and an undeveloped fluid inclusion indicates that when the apatite is crystallized, the fluid does not reach a saturated state and does not dissolve out.
In view of the above circumstances, the inventors have unexpectedly found that the mineral-forming specificity of granite in which apatite is present can be accurately determined by comprehensively analyzing the age of apatite, major minor components and isotopes, and thus a more efficient and accurate mineral exploration method can be established.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method can quickly and accurately judge the mineralization type of the granite mass;
(2) The method can directly judge the mineralization type of granite through the geochemical characteristics of minerals of the apatite, thereby eliminating the interference of other factors;
(3) The invention can effectively provide prospective prediction for regional ore finding by taking the apatite as the distinguishing mark, shortens the ore finding period, saves the cost and creates considerable economic value.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a typical cathodoluminescence image of apatite from different granites in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a scatter plot of the elemental analysis results F, cl for different apatites of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing rare earth distribution curves of different apatites in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a trace element plot of different apatites in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a typical cathodoluminescence image of apatite in example 2.
FIG. 6 is a scattergram of elemental analysis F, cl for apatite in example 2.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the rare earth distribution of apatite in example 2.
FIG. 8 is a trace element projection diagram of apatite in example 2.
FIG. 9 is a typical cathodoluminescence image of apatite in example 3.
FIG. 10 is a scattergram of F, cl elemental analysis results of apatite in example 3.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the rare earth distribution of apatite in example 3.
FIG. 12 is a trace element injection diagram of apatite in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments and the attached drawings are only used for the illustrative description of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any way. All reasonable variations and combinations that fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following examples were used to select the markers by the following procedure:
(1) Carrying out sample crushing on the rock mass;
(2) Performing rough elutriation on the crushed rock mass, screening out lighter minerals, reserving heavy minerals, and naturally airing the part of the roughly-washed heavy minerals to obtain roughly-elutriated minerals;
(3) Repeatedly carrying out magnetic separation on the roughly-elutriated minerals through a magnet and an electromagnetic instrument, and screening out the minerals with magnetism;
(4) Repeatedly fine-elutriating the minerals after the coarse elutriation, and screening out heavy fine tailings;
(5) And (4) carrying out mineral sorting on the screened residual minerals under a binocular lens, and randomly selecting at least 100 apatites from the residual minerals to be used as a marker.
In the following examples, the cathode luminescence image (CL) was taken by using a high vacuum scanning electron microscope JSM-IT300 equipped with a Delmic spark cathode luminescence probe, and the acceleration voltage in the process of taking the CL image was generally 20 to 30 kV, and the shooting distance was 9.5 to 10.5 mm.
In the following examples, the apatite main element analysis was carried out by an electron probe microanalyzer, the acceleration voltage used in the test process was 15kV, the excitation current was 10nA, the electron beam spot was 5 μm, and a natural sample and an artificially synthesized oxide were used as standard samples. The characteristic peaks of Ca and P are measured to be 10s, the characteristic peaks of other elements are measured to be 20s, volatile halogen elements such as F elements are placed at a preferential test position to reduce the diffusion effect, all data are subjected to ZAF correction, and the types and the contents of main elements in the marker are obtained, wherein the main elements comprise: ca. P, F, si, fe, cl, ti, mg, K, S, ba, al.
Apatite U-Pb in the following examples was measured by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer at a beam spot diameter of 30 μm, an ablation frequency of 6Hz, and an energy density of 5J/cm 2 Laser condition of (1)And (3) analyzing samples, namely adopting natural apatite MAD2 as a correction standard sample and Durango as a monitoring standard sample, analyzing 2 MAD2 standard samples and 1 Durango standard sample at intervals of 10 sample points, generally collecting gas blank for 20 seconds, carrying out data processing in a signal interval of 35-40 seconds, and carrying out deep fractionation correction according to an exponential equation.
Apatite minor-element analysis in each of the following examples the content of minor elements in apatite was determined using a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer and the analysis data was processed off-line. In the testing process, points are selected at the positions without cracks and inclusions in the cathodoluminescence image for circle point, particles are ablated in a point mode, the diameter of a beam spot is 32 mu m, and the frequency is 5Hz. In the laser ablation process, helium is used as carrier gas for transporting sample ablation particles, argon is used as compensation gas to adjust sensitivity, a laser ablation system is provided with a signal smoothing device, the sample signal acquisition time is 35-50s, the blank background value acquisition time is 20s, and an artificially synthesized silicate glass standard substance NIST 610 and a silicate glass standard substance NIST 610 obtained by an electronic probe are adopted in the single-mineral trace element content processing 43 And respectively correcting Ca as an external standard and an internal standard to obtain the contents of various trace elements of the apatite, wherein the trace elements comprise: 24 Mg、 29 Si、 45 Sc、 51 V、 55 Mn、 57 Fe、 75 As、 85 Rb、 88 Sr、 89 Y、 91 Zr、 93 Nb、 98 Mo、 137 Ba、 139 La、 140 Ce、 141 Pr、 146 Nd、 147 Sm、 151 Eu、 157 Gd、 159 Tb、 163 Dy、 165 Ho、 166 Er、 169 Tm、 173 Yb、 175 Lu、 178 Hf、 181 Ta、Pb、 232 Th、 238 U。
Sm-Nd isotope analysis in the following examples used laser ablation-multiple receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The test adopts a single-point mode, the beam spot diameter is 90 mu m, the frequency is 8Hz, the laser ablation system uses helium as carrier gas, a small amount of nitrogen is added into ICP to improve the test signal of Nd isotope, and the analysis processThe signal smoothing device is equipped, the signal stability and the isotope ratio testing precision can be improved, and the reliability of the method for correcting the Nd isotope of the microarea in-situ apatite is monitored by taking two natural apatite standards, durango and MAD as unknown samples. The Sm-Nd isotope characteristics include: 143 nd and 144 the ratio of Nd is greater than that of Nd, 145 nd and 144 nd ratio, and 147 sm and 144 the ratio of Nd.
In the following examples, the permanent U-Pb detection site is a site where no apparent mineral or fluid inclusion is present between the center and the edge of the apatite, and as shown in fig. 1, the permanent U-Pb position of the apatite is included in the detection site of the Sm — Nd isotope analysis.
Example 1
Judging the mineralization type of the granite body of the copper mountain ridge field by using apatite:
collecting two types of granite rock bodies which are possibly contacted with ore bodies and are found in the copper mountain ridge area, namely granite amphibole and granite porphyry, respectively, randomly selecting 100 apatite markers to carry out CL image shooting, and analyzing the obtained images to obtain a typical CL image of the apatite shown in the attached figure 1. In the CL image, both the apatites in granite spangle and granite porphyry are typical magma apatites, which are white in their entirety with distinct internal oscillating zones and clean in their overall surface without distinct other hydrothermal mineral or fluid inclusions.
U-Pb dating analysis of both classes of apatite showed that apatite in granite spangle obtained a lower cross point age of 166.2 + -11.3 Ma (MSWD = 0.22) in the Tera-Wasserburg synergy plot. Apatite in granite the lower cross point age of 160.87 ± 8.92Ma (MSWD = 0.44) was obtained in the terra-Wasserburg synergy plot. The inventor believes that the age variation of apatite is due to a large annual error of apatite U-Pb because a young apatite sample has a low U content, a low content of radioactive causative Pb, and a high content of general lead.
EPMA principal element analysis was performed on the two types of apatite, as shown in FIG. 2, where the F/Cl ratio of apatite in granite spangle rock was low: 6-25, mean 16. The apatite F/Cl ratio in granite porphyry is high: 17-299, mean value 108.
The two types of apatite are subjected to LA-ICP-MS for micro-area component analysis, and the results are shown in the attached figures 3 and 4, wherein the average content (ratio) of each element in the apatite in the granite spangle rock is as follows: mg:88.0ppm, mn:1188.3ppm, fe:647.9ppm, sr:297.6ppm, Y:964.4ppm, pb:23.1ppm, U:17.3ppm,. SIGMA REE (Total rare earths content): 3816.2ppm, LREE (light rare earth content): 3177.5ppm, HREE (heavy rare earth content): 638.8ppm, eu/Eu: 0.21. the rare earth element distribution curve of the apatite in the granite spangle is right-inclined, and Eu is slightly damaged. The average content (ratio) of each element in the apatite in the granite porphyry is as follows: mg:94.7ppm, mn:1689.9ppm, fe:2106.0ppm, sr:74.5ppm, Y:3717.0ppm, pb:37.2ppm, U:17.5ppm,. SIGMA REE:8810.8ppm, LREE:6322.2ppm, HREE:2488.7ppm, eu/Eu: 0.05. the rare earth element distribution curve of the apatite in the granite porphyry is relatively flat, and Eu is strongly damaged. In the process of rock slurry differentiation, siO is accompanied 2 The Sr and Mg contents are reduced when the content is increased, and the Y content is increased. The Sr, Y and Mg contents in the apatite are positively correlated with the corresponding contents in the melt, and the method can be used for tracking the magma evolution degree of the apatite crystallization process.
The Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis of apatite requires that: the content of Nd element in the apatite sample is more than 400ppm, and the diameter of apatite particles is more than 90 μm. The diameters of the apatite grains selected from the granite porphyry in the embodiment are all smaller than 90 μm, and the test requirements are not met. Apatite samples in granite spangle rock meet the test requirements. Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis is carried out on apatite in granite amphibole, and the result shows that, 147 Sm/ 144 nd and 143 Nd/ 144 the Nd ratios were 0.136769-0.182878 and 0.512159-0.512246, respectively.
From the above results, it was determined that the granite spangle rock in the copper mountain ridge region was an ore-forming rock of copper ore, and the granite porphyry was an ore-forming rock of tungsten-tin ore.
In recent years, the judgment of the present example was verified by finding that skarn type cupronickel bodies do exist in construction around granite spangle rock bodies in the area, and finding that skarn type wurtzite bodies do exist in construction around granite spangle rock bodies.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of (1) judging the mineralization type of the Baoshan granite body by using apatite:
collecting granite and scarlet rock which is possibly contacted with ore bodies and is found in the Baoshan area, randomly selecting 100 apatite markers, carrying out CL image shooting, and analyzing the obtained images to obtain the CL image of apatite shown in figure 5. In the CL image, the apatites in granite spangle are typical magma apatites, which are white overall, have distinct internal oscillating zones, and are clean overall surface with no distinct other hydrothermal mineral or fluid inclusions.
U-Pb dating of apatite showed that apatite in granite spangle obtained a lower intersection age of 158.2 + -4.68 Ma (MSWD = 0.33) in the Tera-Wasserburg synergy plot.
EPMA principal component analysis of apatite was performed, as shown in FIG. 6, in which the F/Cl ratio of apatite is low: 4.6-9.5, and the average value is 7.0.
The result of micro-area component analysis of apatite by LA-ICP-MS is shown in figures 7 and 8, and the average content (ratio) of each element in apatite in granite spangle is: mn:1339.1ppm, fe:1464.2ppm, sr:517.9ppm, Y:883.2ppm, pb:5.0ppm, U:19.0ppm, ∑ REE:5047.2ppm, LREE:4412.3ppm, HREE:634.8ppm, eu/Eu: 0.37, ce/Ce: 1.10. the rare earth element distribution curve of the apatite is right-inclined, and the Eu negative is not obvious.
Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis is carried out on the apatite, and the result shows that, 147 Sm/ 144 nd and 143 Nd/ 144 the Nd ratios were 0.113152-0.139761 and 0.511926-0.512298, respectively.
According to the results, the embodiment judges that the granite spangle is the mineralized rock of the copper ore.
In recent years, the construction around granite spangle in this area found that skarn type cupronickel and zincite bodies did exist, and the judgment of this embodiment was verified.
Example 3
Judging the mineralization type of the Hunan Xiqian Tian Ling granite mass by using apatite:
granite masses which are possibly contacted with ore bodies are collected in the ridging area, 100 apatite markers are randomly selected for CL image shooting, and the obtained images are analyzed to obtain a CL image of the apatite as shown in the attached figure 9. In the CL image, the apatites in the granite are all typical magma apatites, which are white overall, have distinct internal oscillation zones, and are clean overall surface with no distinct other hydrothermal mineral or fluid inclusions.
The U-Pb dating analysis of apatite showed that the apatite had a lower cross-point age of 157.7 + -15.8 Ma (MSWD = 0.21) in the Tera-Wasserburg synergy plot.
EPMA principal element analysis of apatite results in a low F/Cl ratio: 24.0-182.6, and an average of 76.0, as shown in fig. 10.
The two types of apatite are subjected to LA-ICP-MS for micro-area component analysis, and the result shows (as shown in the attached figures 11 and 12), the average content (ratio) of each element in the apatite in the granite is as follows: mn:713.7ppm, fe:1154.5ppm, sr:133.4ppm, Y:892.0ppm, pb:6.7ppm, U:7.7ppm,. SIGMA REE:10571.8ppm, LREE:9991.7ppm, HREE:580.0ppm, eu/Eu: 0.07, ce/Ce: 1.11. the rare earth element distribution curve of the apatite is right-inclined, and the Eu negative is obvious.
Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis is carried out on the apatite in the granite, and the result shows that, 147 Sm/ 144 nd and 143 Nd/ 144 the Nd ratios were 0.084534-0.120264 and 0.511778-0.511907, respectively.
From the above results, the present example determined that the granite in the area was an ore-forming rock mass of wurtzite.
In recent years, the construction around the granite mass in this area has confirmed the judgment of the present example by finding that a skarn type tungsten-tin ore body does exist therein.
The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. All technical schemes belonging to the idea of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and embellishments should also be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for distinguishing the mining specificity of granite by using apatite is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Apatite particles are selected from the collected mineral granite rock mass sample, and at least 100 apatite particles are randomly selected from the apatite particles obtained by selection to serve as a marker;
(2) Embedding the marker in a resin matrix, and carrying out cathode luminescence image shooting after polishing to obtain the cathode luminescence image characteristics of the marker;
(3) Carrying out electronic probe main quantity element analysis on the marker to obtain the main quantity element characteristics of the marker;
(4) Carrying out U-Pb dating analysis on the marker to obtain the chronology characteristics of the marker;
(5) Carrying out LA-ICP-MS microelement analysis on the marker to obtain the characteristics of the microelements;
(6) Analyzing the Sm-Nd isotope ratio of the marker to obtain the Sm-Nd isotope characteristics of the marker;
(7) And determining the ore-forming specificity and/or delineating an ore-finding potential area and/or an ore-finding target area of the granite body according to the cathodoluminescence image characteristics, the main quantity element characteristics, the chronology characteristics, the trace element characteristics and the Sm-Nd isotope characteristics of the marker.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the cathodoluminescence image features include: the color present at different locations in the image, whether a zone of oscillation appears in the image, whether other hydrothermal minerals and/or fluid inclusions are present in the image.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the principal quantity element characteristics include one or more of the following characteristics: the types and contents of major elements and the content ratio among the elements; the main quantity elements comprise: ca. One or more of P, F, si, fe, cl, ti, mg, K, S, ba and Al.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the principal component features include: the content ratio of F element to Cl element.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the chronology characteristics include: the age of the lower crossing point of the marker in the Tera-Wasserberg synergy scheme obtained from the U-Pb dating.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the trace element characteristics include one or more of the following: the types, contents and content ratios of trace elements, the total rare earth content, the total light rare earth content and the total heavy rare earth content of the trace elements; the trace elements include: 24 Mg、 29 Si、 45 Sc、 51 V、 55 Mn、 57 Fe、 75 As、 85 Rb、 88 Sr、 89 Y、 91 Zr、 93 Nb、 98 Mo、 137 Ba、 139 La、 140 Ce、 141 Pr、 146 Nd、 147 Sm、 151 Eu、 157 Gd、 159 Tb、 163 Dy、 165 Ho、 166 Er、 169 Tm、 173 Yb、 175 Lu、 178 Hf、 181 Ta、Pb、 232 Th、 238 U。
7. the method of claim 1, wherein: the Sm-Nd isotopic features include: 143 nd and 144 the ratio of Nd, 145 Nd and 144 ratio of Nd, and 147 sm and 144 the ratio of Nd.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: wherein, the step (3) specifically comprises: performing the principal component element analysis by using an electron probe microanalyzer; in the analysis, a natural sample and an artificially synthesized oxide are used as standard samples, the adopted accelerating voltage is 15kV, the exciting current is 10nA, the electron beam spot is 5 mu m, the characteristic peaks of Ca and P are measured to be 10s, the characteristic peaks of other elements are measured to be 20s, and the volatile halogen element is placed at a preferential test position; the data obtained by the test is subjected to ZAF correction;
and/or, the step (4) specifically comprises the following steps: carrying out the U-Pb dating analysis by adopting a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer; the beam spot used in the analysis had a diameter of 30 μm, a denudation frequency of 6Hz, and an energy density of 5J/cm 2 Adopting natural apatite MAD2 as a calibration standard sample and Durango as a monitoring standard sample, analyzing 2 MAD2 standard samples and 1 Durango standard sample at intervals of 10 sample points, collecting gas blank of 20 seconds, carrying out data processing in a signal interval of 35-40 seconds, and carrying out deep fractionation calibration according to an exponential equation;
and/or, the step (5) specifically comprises: analyzing the trace elements by adopting a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer; in the analysis, the cathodoluminescence image without cracks and inclusions is selected for circle point, particles are corroded in a point mode, the diameter of a beam spot is 32 microns, the frequency is 5Hz, helium is used as carrier gas, argon is used as compensation gas, the sample signal acquisition time is 35-50s, the blank background value acquisition time is 20s, an artificially synthesized silicate glass standard substance NIST 610 and a sample obtained through an electronic probe are adopted 43 Respectively correcting Ca as an external standard and an internal standard, and performing off-line processing on the analysis data;
and/or, the step (6) specifically comprises: performing Sm-Nd isotope ratio analysis by adopting laser ablation-multi-receiving inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; the analysis used a single spot mode, the beam spot diameter was 90 μm, the frequency was 8Hz, the laser ablation system used helium as the carrier gas, and two natural apatite standards and Durango and MAD monitored the samples.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the determination in step (7) comprises: when the cathodoluminescence image of the marker of the same time in the marker has a vibration ring zone, a clean and transparent surface and does not develop a fluid inclusion; and the content ratio of main quantity elements F and Cl of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers<20 among the trace elements Ga<30ppm、Sr>190ppm、Y<1000ppm、Mn<1500ppm、Fe<1000ppm, total rare earth content ∑ REE<5000ppm, right-inclined rare earth element distribution curve, eu/Eu-representing Eu negative anomaly>0.15; and the isotope ratio of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers 143 Nd/ 144 Ratio of Nd>0.5120, the granite mass becomes mainly a copper polymetallic deposit.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: the determination in step (7) comprises: when the cathodoluminescence image of the marker of the same era in the marker has a vibration ring zone, a clean and transparent surface and does not develop a fluid inclusion; and the content ratio of main quantity elements F and Cl of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers>20 among the trace elements Ga>30ppm、Sr<190ppm、Y>1000ppm、Fe>1000ppm, total rare earth content ∑ REE>5000ppm, the rare earth element distribution curve is flat or right-inclined, and Eu/Eu represents Eu negative anomaly<0.15; and the isotope ratio of more than 50 percent of all 100 markers 143 Nd/ 144 Ratio of Nd<0.5120, the granite mass is mainly composed of tungsten-tin polymetallic deposit.
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| CN117420167A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-19 | 北京大学 | Method for measuring years of deep land shale natural crack calcite filling |
| CN117783258A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-29 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Method for analyzing apatite fission track LA-ICP-MS for definite years |
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| CN117420167A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-19 | 北京大学 | Method for measuring years of deep land shale natural crack calcite filling |
| CN117420167B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-05 | 北京大学 | Method for measuring years of deep land shale natural crack calcite filling |
| CN117783258A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-29 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Method for analyzing apatite fission track LA-ICP-MS for definite years |
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