CN115854807A - Device for preventing explosive from scattering in upward blast hole and using method thereof - Google Patents
Device for preventing explosive from scattering in upward blast hole and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115854807A CN115854807A CN202211660357.3A CN202211660357A CN115854807A CN 115854807 A CN115854807 A CN 115854807A CN 202211660357 A CN202211660357 A CN 202211660357A CN 115854807 A CN115854807 A CN 115854807A
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- blast hole
- charging
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- bag
- pipe
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Abstract
A device for preventing upward blast hole explosive from scattering and a using method thereof belong to the technical field of blasting engineering and comprise a charging tube and an inflatable sealing bag wound on the charging tube; the medicine charging pipe comprises an upper section medicine charging pipe and a lower section medicine charging pipe, the upper section medicine charging pipe and the lower section medicine charging pipe are connected through a three-way valve, and medicine charging can be controlled through opening and closing of the three-way valve or air inflation of the inflatable sealing bag is achieved. The invention realizes the flexible plugging of the upward blast hole through the frictional resistance between the elastic material and the blast hole in a natural state, has simple operation principle and process, quick installation and convenient popularization and application. The invention utilizes the original wind pressure to inflate the inflatable sealing bag in the charging process, which is convenient and fast; the inflatable sealing bag has high blocking strength and is suitable for various working conditions. The inflation sealing bag is soft and insulating, the expansion process is a physical process, the explosive can be effectively prevented from sliding down after inflation and expansion in the blast hole are effective, and the inflation sealing bag is suitable for blast holes with various sizes, and has good universality and high safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering, and particularly relates to a device for preventing upward blast hole explosives from scattering and a using method thereof.
Background
The drilling and blasting method is a method for breaking rock by drilling, charging and detonating, and is a main means for breaking rock at present. Particularly, in the process of mining, the drilling and blasting method is the most main construction method, has strong adaptability to the geological conditions of rock strata and low excavation cost, and is particularly suitable for excavation and crushing work of hard rocks. In the process of underground mining, large-scale stoping work such as a sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, a sublevel rock drilling stage chamber method and the like mostly adopts an upward medium-length hole blasting method, and a pneumatic charge device is mostly used for charging explosive with certain viscosity into blast holes. However, after charging, with the supply of high-pressure air stopped and the charge pipe drawn out, the explosive falls from the blast hole under the action of gravity, commonly called powder return. Generally, the amount of powder returned from a single hole is 5-6kg when the amount of powder returned from the single hole is small, and 30-50kg when the amount of powder returned from the single hole is large, so that the explosive is seriously wasted, and if the explosive is not detonated, the scattered explosive is mixed into a blasting pile and enters the processes of transportation, lifting, crushing and ore dressing treatment, so that great potential safety hazards are possibly generated.
At present, waste newspapers, paper packing cases or explosive bags are often used in mine production sites to simply block upward blast holes so as to prevent explosives from falling off.
Because the plugging work is carried out after the explosive tube is drawn out, the process is not tightly connected, and a large amount of explosive still falls off in the plugging process. The existing plugging method provides a blast hole with limited resistance, large loading capacity for medium-length hole blast holes, is not suitable for similar plugging, and the explosive is easy to slide under the action of gravity and disturbance.
In order to solve the problem of powder return of upward blast hole explosive, patent CN106767209A discloses a blast hole explosive charging and blocking device, which comprises a disk and a head rod, and the working principle is that the diameter of a flexible fin on the disk is larger than that of the blast hole, the disk can realize self-stabilization after being pushed into the blast hole by the head rod, and further the falling of the coiled explosive is prevented, but a large gap between fins determines that the device can only be used for the coiled explosive, and the device cannot play a good blocking role on the powdery explosive. The patent CN 111366053A discloses a device and a method for preventing bulk explosives in upward blast holes from falling back, the device sleeves a check pipe on a charging pipe, the check pipe is fixed at a hole opening through a limiter, the limiter is removed after charging is completed, the check pipe is pushed to a charging position by a push rod to complete blast hole plugging, however, the device has more accessories, construction needs at least two persons to complete together, and the process is complex. Patent CN113310373 discloses a blast hole plugging device and a method for sealing up a blast hole, wherein the device is used for rapidly expanding a water-absorbing filler by spraying water into the water-absorbing filler which absorbs water and swells, so as to achieve the purpose of plugging the blast hole, but the used water-absorbing material needs a certain time for water absorption, expansion and hardening, and the water spraying device can also make the explosive get damp and influence the blasting effect, and during the period, a water spraying mechanism needs to be kept in the hole all the time, thereby seriously slowing down the construction efficiency and increasing the labor burden of workers.
To sum up, the powder device is returned to current explosive that prevents to go up to drilling powder charging process has that the operation is complicated, the efficiency of construction is low, the intensity of packing is little, the suitability is weak scheduling problem, can not effectively solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for preventing explosive from scattering in an upward blast hole and a using method thereof, which can safely, conveniently, efficiently and quickly realize charging in the upward blast hole and blocking the blast hole.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for preventing explosive from scattering upwards in a blast hole comprises a charge pipe and an inflatable sealing bag wound on the charge pipe; the explosive charging pipe comprises an upper explosive charging pipe section and a lower explosive charging pipe section, the upper explosive charging pipe section and the lower explosive charging pipe section are connected through a three-way valve, and the charging can be controlled through the opening and closing of the three-way valve or the charging can be carried out for the inflatable sealing bag.
The three-way valve comprises a valve rod, an inlet, an upper gas outlet and a side gas outlet, wherein internal threads are arranged inside the upper gas outlet, the inlet and the side gas outlet, the inlet is connected with a lower section charging pipe through internal threads, the upper gas outlet is connected with an upper section charging pipe through internal threads, the side gas outlet is connected with one end of a one-way valve through threads, and gas can be controlled to flow out from the upper gas outlet or the side gas outlet respectively through rotating the valve rod.
The inflatable sealing bag comprises an inflation tube and an inflation bag, one end of the inflation tube is connected to an inflation nozzle of the inflation bag, and the other end of the inflation tube is connected with an air outlet of the one-way valve.
The inflatable bag is made of a high polymer composite material formed by mixing a high polymer and a nano material, is in a flat shape, is internally provided with a cavity, and is provided with a film strip on one surface of the outer surface layer.
The check valve comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is provided with external threads and can be connected with a side air outlet of the three-way valve.
A use method of the device for preventing the upward blast hole explosive from scattering comprises the following steps:
and 4, after charging is finished, screwing down the one-way valve from the three-way valve, and repeating the process to charge the next blast hole.
The upper end face of the inflatable bag in the step 1 is higher than the upper end face of the upper section of the medicine charging pipe, namely the distance between the upper end face of the inflatable bag and the upper end face of the upper section of the medicine charging pipe is 2-4cm.
The invention has the technical effects that:
(1) The invention realizes the flexible plugging of the upward blast hole through the frictional resistance between the elastic material and the blast hole in a natural state, has simple operation principle and process, quick installation and convenient popularization and application.
(2) The invention utilizes the original wind pressure to inflate the inflatable sealing bag in the charging process, which is convenient and fast; the inflatable sealing bag has high blocking strength and is suitable for various working conditions.
(3) The inflation sealing bag is soft and insulating, the expansion process is a physical process, after inflation and expansion in the blast hole take effect, the normal work of various explosion transfer equipment can be effectively prevented while the normal work of the explosive is not influenced, the inflation sealing bag is suitable for blast holes with various sizes, and the inflation sealing bag is good in universality and high in safety.
(4) All elements of the invention do not contain metal materials, thereby not only ensuring the safety in the using process, but also not influencing the subsequent treatment of ores, especially metal ores. In addition, the powder charging pipe is simple in structure, long in service life, capable of being repeatedly used, economical and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an upward blast hole explosive scattering prevention device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an expanded view of the inflatable sealed bag of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the inflatable sealed bag of the present invention wrapped around a charge tube;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the use of the upward blast hole explosive scattering prevention device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the inflatable sealed bag for plugging the blast hole after the charge tube is drawn out according to the present invention.
1-an inflatable bag, 2-an inflatable tube and 3-a one-way valve; 4-lower section of medicine charging tube; 5-three-way valve; 6-valve stem; 7-a paper tube; 8-upper section medicine loading tube; 9-an inflating valve; 10-film strip; 11-blast hole; 12-explosive.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an apparatus for preventing an upward blast hole explosive from scattering comprises a charge tube and an inflatable sealing bag wound around the charge tube; the charge pipe comprises an upper charge pipe 8 and a lower charge pipe 4, the upper charge pipe 8 and the lower charge pipe 4 are connected through a three-way valve 5, and charge or inflation of the inflatable bag 1 can be controlled through opening and closing of the three-way valve 5. The three-way valve 5 comprises a valve rod 6, an inlet, an upper gas outlet and a side gas outlet, wherein internal threads are arranged inside the upper gas outlet, the inlet and the side gas outlet, the inlet is connected with the lower segment charging pipe 4 through the internal threads, the upper gas outlet is connected with the upper segment charging pipe 8 through the internal threads, the side gas outlet is connected with one end of the one-way valve 3 through the threads, and the gas can be respectively controlled to flow out from the upper gas outlet or the side gas outlet through the rotating valve rod 6. The inflatable sealing bag comprises an inflatable tube 2 and an inflatable bag 1, one end of the inflatable tube 2 is connected to an inflating nozzle 9 of the inflatable bag 1, and the other end of the inflatable tube is connected with an air outlet of the one-way valve 3. The inflatable bag 1 is formed by deep processing and combining a high polymer composite material formed by mixing a high polymer and a nano material, is flat and is internally provided with a cavity, one surface of the outer surface layer is compounded with a film strip 10, and the film strip is pressed and integrally formed by a hot press. The check valve 3 comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is provided with external threads and can be connected with the side air outlet of the three-way valve 5.
When the valve rod 6 is rotated to close the air outlet on the three-way valve 5 to inflate the inflatable bag 1, compressed air enters from the air inlet of the one-way valve 3, overcomes the spring force and the friction force to open the valve port of the one-way valve 3, and inflates the inflatable bag 1; when the connection between the check valve 3 and the three-way valve 5 is disconnected after the inflation is finished, the valve port of the check valve 3 is in a closed state under the action of the spring force and the reverse pressure of the gas in the airbag 1, so that the air in the airbag 1 cannot flow back.
The embodiment 1 and the comparative example are based on the mining blasting experiment of underground medium-length holes of a certain mine, the external diameter of a charging pipe used for the mine is 30mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, the diameter of a blast hole 11 is 60mm, the length is 8m, the charging length is 5m, the air pressure of a pneumatic charging device is 0.5MPa, the charging density is 0.95g/cm & lt 3 & gt, the hole bottom is detonated in an initiation mode, and the explosive 12 is powdered ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Example 1
A use method of the device for preventing the upward blast hole explosive from scattering comprises the following steps:
and 4, screwing the one-way valve 3 off the three-way valve 5 after charging is finished, completing charging, and repeating the process to charge the next blast hole 11.
Comparative example
After the pneumatic charge device is used for normally charging the upward blast hole 11, the blast hole 11 is simply plugged by newspaper and a explosive bag.
The scattered explosives 12 of the example 1 and the comparative example are weighed, and the results show that the dropping amount of the explosives 12 in the upward blast holes of the example 1 is less than 200g, and the dropping amount of the explosives 12 in the upward blast holes of the comparative example is about 5 kg.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A device for preventing explosive from scattering upwards in a blast hole is characterized by comprising a charge pipe and an inflatable sealing bag wound on the charge pipe; the medicine charging pipe comprises an upper section medicine charging pipe and a lower section medicine charging pipe, the upper section medicine charging pipe and the lower section medicine charging pipe are connected through a three-way valve, and medicine charging can be controlled through opening and closing of the three-way valve or air inflation of the inflatable sealing bag is achieved.
2. An apparatus for preventing the shattering of an upward blasthole explosive according to claim 1 wherein: the three-way valve includes valve rod, entry, goes up gas outlet and side gas outlet, goes up gas outlet, entry and the inside internal thread that all has of side gas outlet, and the entry passes through the internal thread to be connected with hypomere charge union coupling, goes up the gas outlet and passes through the internal thread to be connected with upper segment charge union coupling, and the side gas outlet passes through the screw thread to be connected with check valve one end, can control gas from last gas outlet or the outflow of side gas outlet respectively through rotatory valve rod.
3. An apparatus for preventing the shattering of an upward blasthole explosive according to claim 2 wherein: the check valve comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is provided with external threads and can be connected with the side air outlet of the three-way valve.
4. An apparatus for preventing an upward blast hole charge from scattering according to claim 2, wherein: the inflatable sealing bag comprises an inflation tube and an inflation bag, one end of the inflation tube is connected to an inflation nozzle of the inflation bag, and the other end of the inflation tube is connected with an air outlet of the one-way valve.
5. An apparatus for preventing an upward blast hole charge from scattering according to claim 1, wherein: the inflatable bag is made of a high polymer composite material formed by mixing a high polymer and a nano material, is flat, is internally provided with a cavity, and is provided with a film strip on one surface of the outer surface layer.
6. The use of an apparatus for preventing upward blast hole explosives from scattering in accordance with claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, selecting an inflation bag with a proper size according to the diameter of a medicine filling pipe, winding one surface of the inflation bag, which is not adhered with a film strip, on an upper section of the medicine filling pipe, wherein the upper end surface of the inflation bag is higher than the upper end surface of the upper section of the medicine filling pipe, sleeving a paper tube with the diameter larger than the diameter of the outermost ring on the outermost ring, so as to fix the position of the inflation bag on the upper section of the medicine filling pipe, and screwing a one-way valve on the inflation pipe and a side air outlet on a three-way valve tightly;
step 2, assembling the detonator and the initiating bomb and then placing the assembled detonator and initiating bomb at the bottom of the blast hole, blowing the explosive into the blast hole through a charge pipe by using high-pressure air and keeping the explosive at a certain density;
step 3, rotating the valve rod after charging, closing the upper air outlet of the three-way valve, enabling high-pressure air to flow out from the side air outlet to inflate the inflatable bag, rapidly expanding the inflatable bag to break the paper tube, drawing out the charging tube when the inflatable bag expands to be close to the inner wall of the charging hole, and keeping the inflatable bag in the blast hole due to the fact that the friction resistance between the film strip on the outer surface layer of the inflatable bag and the wall of the blast hole is larger than the friction resistance between the inflatable bag and the charging tube, and rapidly expanding to block the blast hole along with the drawing out of the charging tube to avoid explosive from sliding off from the blast hole;
and 4, screwing off the one-way valve from the three-way valve after charging is finished, and repeating the process to charge the next blast hole.
7. The method of using an apparatus for preventing the dispersion of an upward blast hole explosive according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end face of the inflatable bag in the step 1 is higher than the upper end face of the upper section of the medicine charging pipe, namely the distance between the upper end face of the inflatable bag and the upper end face of the upper section of the medicine charging pipe is 2-4cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211660357.3A CN115854807A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Device for preventing explosive from scattering in upward blast hole and using method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211660357.3A CN115854807A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Device for preventing explosive from scattering in upward blast hole and using method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115854807A true CN115854807A (en) | 2023-03-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211660357.3A Pending CN115854807A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Device for preventing explosive from scattering in upward blast hole and using method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115854807A (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2236002A1 (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1997-05-15 | Orica Australia Pty Ltd. | Method and apparatus for blasthole stemming |
| AU2005202663A1 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2007-01-11 | Mti Group Pty Ltd | Improvements in Blasthole Plugs |
| CN202101611U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-04 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Inflatable blasthole protective cover |
| CN203869601U (en) * | 2014-05-24 | 2014-10-08 | 湖南金能科技股份有限公司 | Feeding spray head for ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives |
| CN207197378U (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-04-06 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | A kind of new particulate ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture powder charge hole plugging device |
| US20190331471A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-10-31 | Four Flags Pty Ltd | Inflatable blasthole plug assembly |
| CN213599955U (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-07-02 | 云南安化有限责任公司 | Surface mine blasting engineering big gun hole sealing gas spacer assembly |
| CN113310373A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-27 | 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 | Blast hole blocking device and upward blast hole sealing method |
| CN114485303A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-13 | 新疆大学 | Upward hole powder charging powder return preventing device |
| CN115235309A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 东北大学 | Self-expansion filling body for blast hole plugging and preparation and construction method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-12-23 CN CN202211660357.3A patent/CN115854807A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2236002A1 (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1997-05-15 | Orica Australia Pty Ltd. | Method and apparatus for blasthole stemming |
| AU2005202663A1 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2007-01-11 | Mti Group Pty Ltd | Improvements in Blasthole Plugs |
| CN202101611U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-04 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Inflatable blasthole protective cover |
| CN203869601U (en) * | 2014-05-24 | 2014-10-08 | 湖南金能科技股份有限公司 | Feeding spray head for ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives |
| US20190331471A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-10-31 | Four Flags Pty Ltd | Inflatable blasthole plug assembly |
| CN207197378U (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-04-06 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | A kind of new particulate ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture powder charge hole plugging device |
| CN213599955U (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-07-02 | 云南安化有限责任公司 | Surface mine blasting engineering big gun hole sealing gas spacer assembly |
| CN113310373A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-27 | 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 | Blast hole blocking device and upward blast hole sealing method |
| CN114485303A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-13 | 新疆大学 | Upward hole powder charging powder return preventing device |
| CN115235309A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 东北大学 | Self-expansion filling body for blast hole plugging and preparation and construction method thereof |
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