CN115853631A - Prechamber and prechamber system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a precombustion chamber and a precombustion chamber system. One end of the shell assembly is also provided with a control component and a reset component which are positioned in the cavity, and the control component and the reset component can control the ignition assembly to switch between a first position and a second position relative to the shell assembly. When the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the cavity is divided into a first space and a second space which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space is communicated with the air inlet hole, and the second space is communicated with the through hole. When the ignition assembly is located at the second position, the first space and the second space are communicated to form a pre-burning space, the air inlet hole is closed, and the gas mixing ignition assembly ignites. The structure of the pre-combustion chamber is compact, does not need to be additionally provided with a spark plug, is equal to the spark plug of an internal combustion engine in size, and is easy to arrange on a cylinder head.

Description

Prechamber and prechamber system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a precombustion chamber and a precombustion chamber system.

Background

The engine is an important part of an automobile, the improvement of the thermal efficiency is the development direction of a gasoline engine including a hybrid special engine, the lean combustion is the mainstream technical route of a future ultrahigh-thermal-efficiency engine, and the lean combustion refers to the combustion when the air-fuel ratio is larger than the theoretical air-fuel ratio (14.7). The lean combustion technology of the engine aims to enable the mixed gas to be combusted more fully and achieve the purposes of reducing oil consumption and emission.

The conventional ignition coil-spark plug ignition system is difficult to meet requirements under ultra-lean combustion (λ >1.8, λ is an excess air coefficient, namely a ratio of an air amount actually supplied for fuel combustion to a theoretical air amount), because the gas concentration is low under the ultra-lean combustion state and the gas cannot be ignited according to a conventional method, and the active type prechamber ignition system is a current mainstream solution. The prior scheme of the pre-combustion chamber type ignition system is that a small combustion chamber is formed by adding an additional oil injector and a traditional spark plug, and the pre-combustion chamber is connected with a main combustion chamber through small holes. The combustion process starts in the prechamber, from which a high-temperature jet is then propagated in the main combustion chamber, which is costly and is very limited in spatial arrangement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the scheme of the pre-combustion chamber type ignition system of the lean-burn engine in the prior art is high in cost and is greatly limited in space arrangement.

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention discloses a precombustion chamber which comprises a shell assembly and an ignition assembly, wherein a cavity is formed in the shell assembly, an air inlet hole is formed in one end of the shell assembly, a through hole is formed in the other end of the shell assembly, the air inlet hole and the through hole are respectively communicated with the cavity, and the ignition assembly is movably arranged in the cavity. The other end of the shell assembly is further provided with a sealing portion, a sealing surface is arranged on the ignition assembly, a control component and a reset component which are located in the cavity are further arranged at one end of the shell assembly, and the control component and the reset component can control the ignition assembly to be switched between a first position and a second position relative to the shell assembly.

When the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the sealing part is in sealing butt joint with the sealing surface, the cavity is divided into a first space and a second space which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space is communicated with the air inlet hole, and the second space is communicated with the through hole.

When the ignition assembly is located at the second position, the sealing part is separated from the sealing surface, the resetting component is compressed, the air inlet hole is sealed by the ignition assembly and is not communicated with the cavity, and the cavity is communicated with the through hole to form a pre-burning space.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, its simple structure of precombustion chamber of this kind of structure, compactness, and the volume is less, the appearance diameter of precombustion chamber is equal to common spark plug, simple to operate, arrange easily, and the precombustion space of the precombustion chamber of this kind of structure forms between ignition element and shell body, the precombustion chamber volume is less, can adjust the diameter and the length of precombustion chamber according to the size of different internal-combustion engines, change less to internal-combustion engine, be applicable to the direct injection engine in the jar that the sprayer is put and the jar of sprayer biasing is directly injected the engine.

Further, when the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the precombustion chamber is in an air intake state, the sealing part is in sealing butt joint with the sealing surface to form a first space and a second space which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space is filled with fuel gas entering from the air inlet hole, and the second space is provided with fresh air entering from the through hole. When the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the precombustion chamber is in an ignition state, the sealing part is separated from the sealing surface, the first space and the second space are communicated to form a precombustion space, gas and fresh air are mixed, and the ignition assembly ignites to ignite the mixed gas in the precombustion space.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the shell assembly comprises an upper end cover and an outer shell, the air inlet hole is arranged in the center of the upper end cover, and the control component and the reset component are arranged on the upper end cover; and the control part is arranged as a solenoid and the return part is arranged as a spring.

Wherein when the ignition assembly is in the first position, the spring is compressed to provide a preload force to the ignition assembly such that the ignition assembly is maintained in the first position.

When the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the ignition assembly moves relative to the shell assembly towards the direction of the air inlet hole and continues to compress the spring until the ignition assembly moves to the second position; when the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the ignition assembly moves to a first position relative to the shell assembly in a direction away from the air inlet hole through the elastic restoring force of the spring.

By adopting the technical scheme, the air inlet is arranged at the central position of the upper end cover, so that the gas can conveniently enter the cavity. The control component is set to be an electromagnetic coil, the reset component is set to be a spring, the ignition assembly can conveniently work and ignite, and specifically:

when the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the electromagnetic coil is in a power-off state, the spring is also in a compression state, the ignition assembly is pushed to abut against the sealing part by the elastic force of the spring, the spring provides pretightening force for the ignition assembly so that the sealing part is in contact with the sealing surface and the cavity is divided into a first space and a second space which are independent and not communicated with each other, and when the ignition assembly is located at the first position, gas and air can be filled into the pre-combustion chamber. When the ignition assembly is located at the second position, the electromagnetic coil is in an electrified state, the ignition assembly is adsorbed by the electromagnetic coil, the upper end of the ignition assembly is in contact with the electromagnetic coil, the spring is continuously compressed, and when the ignition assembly is located at the second position, gas in the pre-combustion chamber is mixed and ignited.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses the precombustion chamber, wherein the electromagnetic coil and the spring are both arranged into annular structures, the axial lines of the electromagnetic coil and the spring are superposed with the axial line of the air inlet hole, one end of the spring is connected with the upper end cover, and the other end of the spring is connected with the ignition assembly.

By adopting the technical scheme, the electromagnetic coil and the spring in the structure enable the electromagnetic coil to adsorb the ignition assembly when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, and the spring bounces the ignition assembly when the electromagnetic coil is powered off.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the ignition assembly comprises an impact block, piezoelectric ceramics, an insulator, a ceramic body, a discharge lead and a metal valve seat; the impact block is connected to one end, close to the air inlet, of the piezoelectric ceramic, the outer portion of the piezoelectric ceramic is wrapped with the insulator, the discharge wire is arranged at one end, far away from the impact block, of the piezoelectric ceramic, the outer portion of the discharge wire is wrapped with the ceramic body, one end of the discharge wire is connected with the piezoelectric ceramic, the other end of the discharge wire protrudes out of the ceramic body and is located in the cavity, the metal valve seat is wrapped outside the insulator and the ceramic body, and one end, close to the air inlet, of the metal valve seat is connected with the reset component.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the metal disk seat sets up in ignition assembly's outermost end, the upper end and the solenoid of metal disk seat correspond, when solenoid circular telegram, can adsorb the metal disk seat to the position motion and the absorption that is close to the metal disk seat together, the impact block sets up the one end that is close to the upper end cover at ignition assembly, the metal disk seat is under solenoid's absorption and when solenoid contact, the velocity of motion is very fast, the impact block can contact and take place the impact with the upper end cover, the other end and the piezoceramics direct contact of impact block, transmit impact force to piezoceramics, piezoceramics can produce electric charge when receiving the impact.

Further, piezoceramics's outside cladding has the insulator, the insulator can prevent the electric charge flow direction metal valve seat that piezoceramics produced, and be connected with a discharge wire in piezoceramics's positive pole one end, the discharge wire stretches into in the space that precombustes, and the outside cladding of discharge wire has the ceramic body, guarantee that the electric charge that piezoceramics produced can only pass through the discharge wire and let in precombustion space, and then when making ignition element move up under solenoid's adsorption, make piezoceramics discharge under the impact of impact block, and release electric charge in precombustion space through the discharge wire, and then ignite the gas in the space that precombustes.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses the precombustion chamber, wherein a blind hole is formed in one side, close to the air inlet, of the impact block, when the ignition assembly is located at the second position, the metal valve seat of the ignition assembly is abutted and sealed with the inner wall surface of the upper end cover of the shell assembly, the impact block is abutted against the upper end cover of the shell assembly, and the air inlet is sealed by the blind hole.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the impact piece is provided with the blind hole near one side of inlet port for the cross-section of impact piece is "U" shape structure, and the impact piece can produce when ignition assembly moves from the primary importance to the second place and assaults, can also seal the inlet port through the blind hole when ignition assembly is located the second place simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein an inclined annular abutting surface is also arranged in the position, close to the ignition assembly, of the upper end cover, and when the ignition assembly is positioned at the second position, one end, close to the upper end cover, of the metal valve seat is in sealing abutting contact with the abutting surface.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sealing surface is arranged to be an inclined annular inclined surface, when the ignition assembly is positioned at the first position, the inclined abutting surface is in contact with and seals the upper end part of the metal valve cover, so that the sealing performance of the precombustion chamber during ignition is improved, gas leakage from the position of the gas inlet hole is prevented, secondary sealing is performed through the blind hole of the impact block and the upper end part of the metal valve cover, and the sealing performance and the safety of the precombustion chamber during ignition are further improved.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein one end of the piezoelectric ceramic, which is close to the impact block, is a negative electrode, one end of the piezoelectric ceramic, which is close to the discharge lead, is set as a positive electrode, one end of the discharge lead is connected with the positive electrode, and the other end of the discharge lead extends into the precombustion space.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, when solenoid circular telegram, ignition assembly moved from the primary importance to the second place to impact piece and upper end cover take place to strike, and give piezoelectric ceramic with strikeing the transmission, piezoelectric ceramic receives to strike and produces electric charge, and the discharge wire is with anodal electric charge transport to the precombustion space in, ignite the gas mixture. The piezoelectric ignition mode is simpler and faster, and a spark plug is not required to be additionally arranged to ignite gas in the pre-combustion chamber, so that the volume of the pre-combustion chamber is reduced, and the ignition assembly is convenient to ignite.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the shell assembly is also provided with an external thread, the shell assembly is detachably arranged on a cylinder cover of an internal combustion engine through the external thread, the sealing surface is arranged to be an annular inclined surface, the sealing part of the shell assembly is a step surface, the step surface divides the shell assembly into a first part and a second part, the diameter of the first part is larger than that of the second part, and the second part is provided with a plurality of through holes; when the ignition assembly is in the first position, the ramped surface and the step surface are in sealing abutment.

By adopting the technical scheme, the external threads arranged on the shell component are convenient for the shell component, namely the precombustion chamber, to be arranged on the cylinder cover of the internal combustion engine, and the installation and the disassembly are convenient and quick. The sealing surface on the ignition assembly is an annular inclined surface, the sealing part of the shell assembly is a step surface, the step surface divides the shell assembly into a first part and a second part, when the ignition assembly is positioned at a first position, the inclined surface is in sealing butt joint with the step surface, a cavity between the first part of the shell assembly and the ignition assembly forms a first space, a cavity between the second part of the shell assembly and the ignition assembly forms a second space, at the moment, the first space is communicated with the air inlet hole to be filled with fuel gas, and the second space is communicated with the through hole to be filled with fresh air.

An embodiment of the invention discloses a prechamber system comprising any of the above disclosed prechambers, further comprising an oil supply and an internal combustion engine; wherein the oil supply component is arranged as a liquid storage tank which is communicated with the air inlet hole through a pipeline.

The precombustion chamber detachably sets up on the cylinder cap of internal-combustion engine, and casing subassembly's shell body lower extreme stretches into in the main combustion chamber of internal-combustion engine, and the through-hole is with precombustion space and main combustion chamber intercommunication.

By adopting the technical scheme, the precombustion chamber system disclosed by the invention further comprises a liquid storage tank and an internal combustion engine, wherein the liquid storage tank is used for providing alkane fuel for the precombustion chamber, the liquid storage tank is communicated with the air inlet hole through a pipeline, the alkane fuel is filled into the precombustion chamber when the precombustion chamber is in an air inlet state, and the alkane fuel can quickly absorb heat to expand and gasify and is extremely easy to ignite.

Further, the lower end of the outer shell of the shell assembly extends into a main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the pre-combustion space is communicated with the main combustion chamber through the through hole, and when the ignition assembly ignites mixed gas in the pre-combustion chamber, flame can be sprayed into the main combustion chamber through the through hole so as to ignite lean gas in the main combustion chamber.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a precombustion chamber system, when the ignition assembly is positioned at the first position, the precombustion chamber system is in an air inlet state, gas in the liquid storage tank enters the first space, and a piston of the internal combustion engine presses fresh air into the second space.

When the ignition assembly is switched from the first position to the second position, the pre-combustion chamber system is in an ignition state, the ignition assembly ignites the fuel gas in the pre-combustion space, the flame combusted in the pre-combustion space is injected into the main combustion chamber through the through hole, and the lean fuel gas in the main combustion chamber is ignited.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the precombustion chamber system is in an air intake state, the ignition assembly is positioned at the first position, fuel in the liquid storage tank enters the first space, and fresh air in a cylinder is pressed into the second space through the through hole in a compression stroke of an engine piston in the main combustion chamber. When an engine piston is close to the ignition moment before compressing the top dead center, the engine control unit controls the electromagnetic coil to be electrified, the ignition assembly is quickly lifted, fuel gas in the first space is mixed with air in the second space, the ignition assembly moves upwards and impacts the upper end cover, the piezoelectric ceramic is instantaneously compressed to generate electric charges, the electric charges are quickly discharged through the discharge lead, the fuel gas in the pre-combustion space is ignited, and flame after fuel gas combustion is injected into the main combustion chamber through the through holes so as to ignite thin fuel gas.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

the invention provides a precombustion chamber and a precombustion chamber system. The ignition assembly is switchable between a first position and a second position relative to the housing assembly. When the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the cavity is divided into a first space and a second space which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space is communicated with the air inlet hole, and the second space is communicated with the through hole. When the ignition assembly is located at the second position, the first space and the second space are communicated to form a pre-burning space, the air inlet hole is closed, and the gas mixing ignition assembly ignites. The structure of the precombustion chamber is compact, a spark plug does not need to be additionally arranged, the size of the precombustion chamber is equal to that of a spark plug of an internal combustion engine, the precombustion chamber is easy to arrange in the center of a combustion chamber of a cylinder cover, the length of the precombustion chamber can be freely designed according to actual requirements, the cylinder cover is slightly changed, and the application range is wide.

Furthermore, the pre-combustion chamber system further comprises a low-pressure liquid storage tank and the internal combustion engine, alkane fuel is stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank, the pre-combustion chamber is installed on a cylinder cover of the internal combustion engine, the lower end of the pre-combustion chamber extends into a main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, when the pre-combustion chamber system is in an air inlet state, the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the fuel in the liquid storage tank enters the first space, and an engine piston in the main combustion chamber presses fresh air in the cylinder into the second space through the through hole in a compression stroke. When an engine piston is close to the ignition moment before the compression top dead center, the engine control unit controls the electromagnetic coil to be electrified, the ignition assembly is quickly lifted, gas in the first space and air in the second space are mixed, the ignition assembly moves upwards and impacts the upper end cover, the piezoelectric ceramic is instantaneously compressed to generate charges, the charges are quickly discharged through the discharge lead, the gas in the pre-combustion space is ignited, and flame after gas combustion is injected into the main combustion chamber through the through holes, so that lean gas is ignited.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an ignition assembly of a precombustor according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first position;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ignition assembly of the prechamber of the present invention in a second position.

Description of the reference numerals:

100. a housing assembly;

110. a cavity;

111. a first space; 112. a second space; 113. a pre-combustion space;

120. an upper end cover;

121. an air inlet; 122. a control component; 123. a reset component; 124. an abutting surface;

130. an outer housing;

131. a through hole; 132. a sealing part;

200. an ignition assembly;

210. an impact block;

211. blind holes;

220. piezoelectric ceramics; 230. an insulator; 240. a ceramic body; 250. a discharge wire;

260. a metal valve seat;

261. and (7) sealing the surface.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should be further noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present embodiment can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the embodiment discloses a precombustion chamber, which comprises a shell assembly 100 and an ignition assembly 200, wherein a cavity 110 is formed in the shell assembly 100, an air inlet hole 121 is formed in one end of the shell assembly 100, a through hole 131 is formed in the other end of the shell assembly 100, the air inlet hole 121 and the through hole 131 are respectively communicated with the cavity 110, and the ignition assembly 200 is movably arranged in the cavity 110. The other end of the housing assembly 100 is further provided with a sealing portion 132, the ignition assembly 200 is provided with a sealing surface 261, one end of the housing assembly 100 is further provided with a control part 122 and a reset part 123 located in the cavity 110, and the control part 122 and the reset part 123 can control the ignition assembly 200 to switch between the first position and the second position relative to the housing assembly 100.

When the ignition module 200 is in the first position, as shown in fig. 1, the sealing portion 132 is in sealing abutment with the sealing surface 261 and divides the cavity 110 into a first space 111 and a second space 112 which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space 111 is communicated with the intake port 121, and the second space 112 is communicated with the through hole 131.

When the ignition assembly 200 is in the second position, as shown in figure 2, the sealing portion 132 is separated from the sealing surface 261, the return member 123 is compressed, the intake ports 121 are closed by the ignition assembly 200 and the intake ports 121 are not in communication with the cavity 110, the cavity 110 is in communication with the through holes 131 and forms the pre-combustion space 113.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the sealing portion 132 provided at the other end of the housing assembly 100 may be a sealing step surface, a sealing strip, or other sealing structure, which is in sealing engagement with the sealing surface 261. Preferably, in this embodiment, a sealing step surface is provided at the other end of the housing assembly 100.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, the control unit 122 may be an electric control unit 122, such as a solenoid, an electric push rod, or other common components capable of controlling the position state; the control component 122 may also be a mechanical control component, such as a spring, an elastic rod, and other common components capable of performing position state control, and the reset component 123 may be configured as a reset spring, a coil spring, a disc spring, and the like, and those skilled in the art may select and replace the control component 122 and the reset component 123 according to actual requirements, so that the control component 122 and the reset component 123 can drive or control the ignition assembly 200 to switch between the first position and the second position relative to the housing assembly 100.

More specifically, in this embodiment, the number of the through holes 131 may be 4, 5, 8 or other numbers, the through holes 131 may be uniformly and intermittently disposed on the housing assembly 100, or may be non-uniformly disposed, and the number and the positions of the through holes 131 may be designed to match with the combustion system, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

By adopting the structure, the structure of the precombustion chamber is simple and compact, the volume is small, the external diameter of the precombustion chamber is equal to that of a common spark plug, the installation is convenient, the arrangement is easy, the precombustion space 113 of the precombustion chamber with the structure is formed between the ignition component 200 and the outer shell 130, the volume of the precombustion chamber is small, the diameter and the length of the precombustion chamber can be adjusted according to the sizes of different internal combustion engines, the change of the internal combustion engines is small, and the precombustion chamber is suitable for an in-cylinder direct injection engine with a middle-arranged oil injector and an in-cylinder direct injection engine with an offset oil injector.

Further, when the ignition assembly 200 is located at the first position, the pre-combustion chamber is in an air intake state, the sealing portion 132 is in sealing abutment with the sealing surface 261, two independent and non-communicated first space 111 and second space 112 are formed, the first space 111 is filled with fuel gas entering from the air intake hole 121, and the second space 112 is filled with fresh air entering from the through hole 131. When the ignition assembly 200 is located at the first position, the pre-combustion chamber is in an ignition state, the sealing portion 132 is separated from the sealing surface 261, the first space 111 and the second space 112 are communicated to form the pre-combustion space 113, the gas and the fresh air are mixed, and the ignition assembly 200 ignites the gas mixture in the pre-combustion space 113.

The embodiment of the embodiment also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the shell assembly 100 comprises an upper end cover 120 and an outer shell 130, the air inlet hole 121 is arranged at the central position of the upper end cover 120, and the control part 122 and the reset part 123 are arranged on the upper end cover 120; and the control part 122 is provided as a solenoid and the return part 123 is provided as a spring.

Wherein when the ignition assembly 200 is in the first position, the spring is compressed to provide a pre-load to the ignition assembly 200 such that the ignition assembly 200 remains in the first position.

When the solenoid is energized, the ignition assembly 200 moves relative to the housing assembly 100 in a direction toward the intake ports 121 and continues to compress the spring until moving to the second position; when the solenoid is de-energized, the ignition assembly 200 is moved to a first position relative to the housing assembly 100 in a direction away from the intake apertures 121 by the elastic restoring force of the spring.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper end cap 120 and the outer housing 130 may be designed by integral molding, welding, clamping or other connection methods, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

More specifically, in this embodiment, the air inlet hole 121 is preferably disposed at a central position of the upper end cover 120 to facilitate the gas entering into the cavity 110. The position of which can be adjusted as required by the person skilled in the art. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, control element 122 is preferably a solenoid and return element 123 is a spring to facilitate ignition of the operation of ignition assembly 200. The number of solenoids and springs may be 1, 2, 3, or other numbers as desired to enable the ignition assembly 200 to move quickly from the first position to the second position. And as shown in fig. 1, the intake hole 121 is provided inside an electromagnetic coil provided inside the spring.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, when the ignition assembly 200 is located at the first position, the electromagnetic coil is in the power-off state, the spring is also in the compressed state, the elastic force of the spring pushes the ignition assembly 200 against the sealing portion 132, the spring provides a pre-tightening force to the ignition assembly 200, so that the sealing portion 132 contacts with the sealing surface 261 and divides the cavity 110 into the first space 111 and the second space 112 which are independent and not communicated, and when the ignition assembly 200 is located at the first position, the pre-combustion chamber can be filled with gas and air. When the ignition assembly 200 is in the second position, the solenoid is in the energized state, at which time the ignition assembly 200 is attracted by the solenoid and the upper end of the ignition assembly 200 contacts the solenoid, the spring is further compressed, and when the ignition assembly 200 is in the second position, the gases within the pre-chamber mix and ignite.

The embodiment of the embodiment also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the electromagnetic coil and the spring are arranged in an annular structure, the axes of the electromagnetic coil and the spring are coincident with the axis of the air inlet hole 121, one end of the spring is connected with the upper end cover 120, and the other end of the spring is connected with the ignition assembly 200.

Specifically, in this embodiment, one end of the spring is connected to the upper end cap 120 and the other end is connected to the ignition module 200. The design of this configuration allows the solenoid to attract ignition assembly 200 when energized, with the spring further compressed, with the spring now having elastic potential energy, with upper end cap 120 stationary, and with the solenoid de-energized, the spring springs ignition assembly 200 open to move from the second position to the first position.

More specifically, in this embodiment, the connection between one end of the spring and the upper end cap 120, and the connection between the other end of the spring and the ignition assembly 200 may be welding, clamping, integral molding or other connection methods, and those skilled in the art may design the connection according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

Embodiments of the present embodiment also disclose a prechamber, ignition assembly 200 comprising a strike 210, a piezoelectric ceramic 220, an insulator 230, a ceramic body 240, a discharge wire 250, and a metal valve seat 260; the impact block 210 is connected to one end of the piezoelectric ceramic 220 close to the air inlet hole 121, an insulator 230 is coated outside the piezoelectric ceramic 220, a discharge wire 250 is disposed at one end of the piezoelectric ceramic 220 far from the impact block 210, a ceramic body 240 is coated outside the discharge wire 250, one end of the discharge wire 250 is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic 220, the other end of the discharge wire protrudes out of the ceramic body 240 and is located in the cavity 110, a metal valve seat 260 is coated outside the insulator 230 and the ceramic body 240, and one end of the metal valve seat 260 close to the air inlet hole 121 is connected to the reset part 123.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic 220 may also be a piezoelectric material that is commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as a piezoelectric single crystal, a piezoelectric thin film, a piezoelectric polymer material, and the like, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

More specifically, in this embodiment, metal valve seat 260 sets up in the outermost end of ignition module 200, solenoid and the corresponding setting of upper end of metal valve seat 260, when solenoid circular telegram, can adsorb metal valve seat 260 and move and adsorb together to the position that is close to metal valve seat 260, impact block 210 sets up the one end that is close to upper end cover 120 at ignition module 200, metal valve seat 260 is under solenoid's absorption and when solenoid contacts, the velocity of motion is very fast, impact block 210 can contact and strike with upper end cover 120, impact block 210's the other end and piezoceramics 220 direct contact, transmit impact force to piezoceramics 220, piezoceramics 220 can produce electric charge when receiving the impact.

Further, the exterior of the piezoelectric ceramic 220 is covered with an insulator 230, the insulator 230 can prevent the charges generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 220 from flowing to the metal valve seat 260, one end of the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic 220 is connected with a discharge wire 250, the discharge wire 250 extends into the pre-combustion space 113, and the exterior of the discharge wire 250 is covered with a ceramic body 240, so that the charges generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 220 can only pass through the discharge wire 250 into the pre-combustion space 113, and further when the ignition assembly 200 moves upwards under the adsorption action of the electromagnetic coil, the piezoelectric ceramic 220 is discharged under the impact action of the impact block 210, and the charges are released in the pre-combustion space 113 through the discharge wire 250, thereby igniting the gas in the pre-combustion space 113.

The embodiment of the embodiment also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein a blind hole 211 is formed in one side, close to the air inlet hole 121, of the impact block 210, when the ignition assembly 200 is located at the second position, the metal valve seat 260 of the ignition assembly 200 is abutted and sealed with the inner wall surface of the upper end cover 120 of the housing assembly 100, the impact block 210 is abutted against the upper end cover 120 of the housing assembly 100, and the air inlet hole 121 is closed by the blind hole 211.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, a blind hole 211 is disposed on a side of the impact block 210 close to the air inlet hole 121, so that the cross section of the impact block 210 is in a "U" shape, and the impact block 210 can generate impact when the ignition assembly 200 moves from the first position to the second position, and can also close the air inlet hole 121 through the blind hole 211 when the ignition assembly 200 is located at the second position.

The embodiment of the embodiment also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the inner part of the upper end cover 120 is also provided with an inclined and annular abutting surface 124 at a position close to the ignition assembly 200, and when the ignition assembly 200 is at the second position, one end of the metal valve seat 260 close to the upper end cover 120 is in sealing abutment with the abutting surface 124.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the sealing surface 261 is provided as an inclined, annular inclined surface, and when the ignition assembly 200 is located at the first position, the inclined abutment surface 124 contacts and seals with the upper end portion of the metal valve cover to improve the sealing performance of the prechamber at the time of ignition, prevent the leakage of gas from the position of the intake hole 121, and further improve the sealing performance and safety of the prechamber at the time of ignition by performing secondary sealing through the blind hole 211 of the impact block 210 and the upper end portion of the metal valve cover.

The embodiment of the embodiment also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein one end of the piezoelectric ceramic 220 close to the impact block 210 is a negative electrode, one end close to the discharge lead 250 is set as a positive electrode, one end of the discharge lead 250 is connected with the positive electrode, and the other end of the discharge lead extends into the precombustion space 113.

With this solution, when the electromagnetic coil is energized, the ignition assembly 200 moves from the first position to the second position, and the impact block 210 and the upper end cap 120 impact and transmit the impact to the piezoelectric ceramic 220, the piezoelectric ceramic 220 is impacted to generate electric charges, and the discharge wire 250 transfers the positive electric charges into the pre-combustion space 113 to ignite the mixed gas. The piezoelectric ignition mode is simpler and quicker, and a spark plug is not required to be additionally arranged to ignite gas in the pre-combustion chamber, so that the volume of the pre-combustion chamber is reduced, and the ignition assembly 200 is convenient to ignite.

The embodiment of the embodiment also discloses a precombustion chamber, wherein the shell assembly 100 is further provided with an external thread, the shell assembly 100 is detachably arranged on a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine through the external thread, the sealing surface 261 is arranged into an annular inclined surface, the sealing part 132 of the shell assembly 100 is a stepped surface, the stepped surface divides the shell assembly 100 into a first part and a second part, the diameter of the first part is larger than that of the second part, and the second part is provided with a plurality of through holes 131; when the ignition assembly 200 is in the first position, the ramped surface and the step surface are in sealing abutment.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a person skilled in the art can set an external thread on the upper portion of the outer wall surface of the casing assembly 100 according to actual requirements, and the casing assembly 100, that is, the prechamber, is conveniently and quickly mounted and dismounted on the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine through the external thread. And the length and the position of the external thread can be adjusted according to the length of the pre-combustion chamber extending into the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and the technical personnel in the field can design according to actual requirements and specific conditions, and the embodiment is not particularly limited to this.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, the sealing surface 261 of the ignition module 200 disposed on the housing assembly 100 is an annular inclined surface, the sealing portion 132 of the housing assembly 100 is a stepped surface, the stepped surface divides the housing assembly 100 into a first portion and a second portion, when the ignition module 200 is located at the first position, the inclined surface and the stepped surface are in sealing abutment, the cavity 110 between the first portion of the housing assembly 100 and the ignition module 200 forms the first space 111, the cavity 110 between the second portion of the housing assembly 100 and the ignition module 200 forms the second space 112, and at this time, the first space 111 and the gas inlet hole 121 are communicated and filled with gas, and the second space 112 and the through hole 131 are communicated and filled with fresh air.

Embodiments of the present embodiment also disclose a prechamber system comprising a prechamber as disclosed in any of the above, further comprising an oil supply and an internal combustion engine (not shown in the figures); wherein the oil supply part is arranged as a liquid storage tank which is communicated with the air inlet hole 121 through a pipeline.

The pre-combustion chamber is detachably arranged on a cylinder cover of the internal combustion engine, the lower end of an outer shell 130 of the shell assembly 100 extends into a main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and the through hole 131 communicates the pre-combustion space 113 with the main combustion chamber.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the liquid storage tank is specifically a low-pressure liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank stores easily combustible alkane fuels such as propane and butane, which can rapidly absorb heat to expand and gasify during operation, and are easily ignited. The low-pressure liquid storage tank can be placed in any space such as a carriage or an engine compartment, a chassis and the like.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, the liquid storage tank is communicated with the air intake hole 121 through a pipeline, and when the prechamber is in an air intake state, the liquid storage tank is filled with alkane fuel, which is cheaper than fuel such as gasoline, and can rapidly absorb heat to expand and gasify, and is very easy to ignite.

Further, the lower end of the outer shell 130 of the shell assembly 100 extends into the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the through hole 131 communicates the pre-combustion space 113 with the main combustion chamber, and when the ignition assembly 200 ignites the mixed gas in the pre-combustion chamber, the flame can be injected into the main combustion chamber through the through hole 131, so as to ignite the lean gas in the main combustion chamber.

Embodiments of the present embodiment also disclose a prechamber system that is in an intake state when the ignition assembly 200 is in the first position, gas in the reservoir enters the first space 111 and the piston of the internal combustion engine pushes fresh air into the second space 112.

When the ignition assembly 200 is switched from the first position to the second position, the pre-combustion chamber system is in an ignition state, the ignition assembly 200 ignites the gas in the pre-combustion space 113, and the flame combusted in the pre-combustion space 113 is injected into the main combustion chamber through the through hole 131 to ignite the lean gas in the main combustion chamber.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, when the prechamber system is in the intake state, the ignition assembly 200 is in the first position, fuel in the reservoir enters the first space 111, and the engine piston in the main combustion chamber presses fresh air in the cylinder into the second space 112 via the through holes 131 during the compression stroke. When an engine piston approaches to an ignition moment before a compression top dead center, the electromagnetic coil is controlled by the engine control unit to be electrified, the ignition assembly 200 is quickly lifted, fuel gas in the first space 111 is mixed with air in the second space 112, the ignition assembly 200 moves upwards and impacts the upper end cover 120, the piezoelectric ceramic 220 is instantaneously compressed to generate electric charges, the electric charges are quickly discharged through the discharge conducting wires 250 to ignite the fuel gas in the pre-combustion space 113, and flame is injected into the main combustion chamber through the through holes 131 after the fuel gas is combusted to ignite lean fuel gas.

In summary, the present embodiment provides a prechamber and prechamber system, the prechamber comprising a housing assembly 100 and an ignition assembly 200, wherein a cavity 110 is formed in the housing assembly 100, and the ignition assembly 200 is movably disposed in the cavity 110. One end of the housing assembly 100 is further provided with a control member 122 and a reset member 123 located within the cavity 110, the control member 122 and the reset member 123 being capable of controlling the switching of the ignition assembly 200 between the first position and the second position relative to the housing assembly 100. When the ignition module 200 is located at the first position, the cavity 110 is divided into a first space 111 and a second space 112 which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space 111 is communicated with the intake hole 121, and the second space 112 is communicated with the through hole 131. When the ignition assembly 200 is located at the second position, the first space 111 and the second space 112 are communicated to form a pre-combustion space 113, the air inlet hole 121 is closed, and the gas mixing ignition assembly 200 performs ignition. The structure of the precombustion chamber is compact, a spark plug does not need to be additionally arranged, the size of the precombustion chamber is equal to that of a spark plug of an internal combustion engine, the precombustion chamber is easy to arrange in the center of a combustion chamber of a cylinder cover, the length of the precombustion chamber can be freely designed according to actual requirements, the cylinder cover is slightly changed, and the application range is wide.

Further, the precombustion chamber system provided by the invention also comprises a low-pressure liquid storage tank and the internal combustion engine, wherein alkane fuel is stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank, the precombustion chamber is arranged on a cylinder cover of the internal combustion engine, the lower end of the precombustion chamber extends into a main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, when the precombustion chamber system is in an air intake state, the ignition assembly 200 is located at a first position, the fuel in the liquid storage tank enters the first space 111, and a piston of the engine in the main combustion chamber presses fresh air in the cylinder into the second space 112 through the through hole 131 in a compression stroke. When the engine piston is close to the ignition moment before the compression top dead center, the engine control unit controls the electromagnetic coil to be electrified, the ignition assembly 200 is quickly lifted, the fuel gas in the first space 111 is mixed with the air in the second space 112, the ignition assembly 200 moves upwards and impacts the upper end cover 120, the piezoelectric ceramic 220 is instantaneously compressed to generate electric charges, the electric charges are quickly discharged through the discharge conducting wires 250 to ignite the fuel gas in the pre-combustion space 113, and after the fuel gas is combusted, flames are injected into the main combustion chamber through the plurality of through holes 131 to further ignite the lean fuel gas in the main combustion chamber.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof, and that no limitation of the invention is intended thereby. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A precombustion chamber is characterized by comprising a shell assembly and an ignition assembly, wherein a cavity is formed in the shell assembly, one end of the shell assembly is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the shell assembly is provided with a through hole, the air inlet and the through hole are respectively communicated with the cavity, and the ignition assembly is movably arranged in the cavity;

the other end of the shell assembly is further provided with a sealing part, the ignition assembly is provided with a sealing surface, the one end of the shell assembly is further provided with a control component and a reset component which are positioned in the cavity, and the control component and the reset component can control the ignition assembly to be switched between a first position and a second position relative to the shell assembly; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

when the ignition assembly is positioned at the first position, the sealing part is in sealing butt joint with the sealing surface, and the cavity is divided into a first space and a second space which are independent and not communicated with each other, the first space is communicated with the air inlet hole, and the second space is communicated with the through hole;

when the ignition assembly is located at the second position, the sealing portion is separated from the sealing surface, the reset component is compressed, the air inlet hole is closed by the ignition assembly and is not communicated with the cavity, and the cavity is communicated with the through hole and forms a pre-burning space.

2. The precombustor of claim 1, wherein said housing assembly includes an upper end cap and an outer housing, said air intake opening being disposed in a central position in said upper end cap, said control member and said reset member being disposed on said upper end cap; and the control part is arranged as an electromagnetic coil and the return part is arranged as a spring; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

when the ignition assembly is in the first position, the spring is compressed to provide a pre-load to the ignition assembly such that the ignition assembly remains in the first position;

when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the ignition assembly moves towards the direction of the air inlet hole relative to the shell assembly and continues to compress the spring until the ignition assembly moves to the second position; when the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the ignition assembly moves to the first position relative to the shell assembly in a direction away from the air inlet hole through the elastic restoring force of the spring.

3. A prechamber according to claim 2, characterised in that the electromagnetic coil and the spring are arranged in an annular configuration, and that the axis of the electromagnetic coil and the spring coincides with the axis of the air intake aperture, and that one end of the spring is connected to the upper end cap and the other end to the ignition assembly.

4. The precombustor of claim 2, wherein the ignition assembly comprises a strike, a piezoelectric ceramic, an insulator, a ceramic body, a discharge wire, and a metal valve seat; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the impact block is connected to one end, close to the air inlet hole, of the piezoelectric ceramic, the insulator is coated outside the piezoelectric ceramic, the discharge lead is arranged at one end, far away from the impact block, of the piezoelectric ceramic, the ceramic body is coated outside the discharge lead, one end of the discharge lead is connected with the piezoelectric ceramic, the other end of the discharge lead protrudes out of the ceramic body and is located in the cavity, the metal valve seat is coated outside the insulator and the ceramic body, and one end, close to the air inlet hole, of the metal valve seat is connected with the reset component.

5. The precombustor of claim 4 wherein a side of said impingement block adjacent said intake port is provided with a blind hole, said metal valve seat of said ignition assembly abutting and sealing against an inner wall surface of said upper end cap of said housing assembly when said ignition assembly is in said second position, said impingement block abutting said upper end cap of said housing assembly, said blind hole closing said intake port.

6. A prechamber according to claim 5, characterised in that the inner part of the upper cover, close to the ignition assembly, is also provided with an inclined, annular abutment surface against which the end of the metal valve seat close to the upper cover sealingly abuts when the ignition assembly is in the second position.

7. The precombustion chamber of claim 4, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic has a negative electrode at an end thereof adjacent to said impact block and a positive electrode at an end thereof adjacent to said discharge wire, one end of said discharge wire being connected to said positive electrode and the other end thereof extending into said precombustion space.

8. A pre-chamber according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the housing assembly is further provided with an external thread by which the housing assembly is removably provided on an internal combustion engine head, the sealing surface is provided as an annular ramp, the sealing portion of the housing assembly is a stepped surface dividing the housing assembly into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion having a larger diameter than the second portion, the second portion being provided with a plurality of said through-holes; when the ignition assembly is located at the first position, the inclined surface and the step surface are in sealing abutment.

9. A prechamber system, comprising a prechamber according to any of claims 1-8, further comprising an oil supply and an internal combustion engine; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

the oil supply component is arranged as a liquid storage tank which is communicated with the air inlet hole through a pipeline;

the precombustion chamber detachably set up in on the cylinder cap of internal-combustion engine, shell body lower extreme of shells assembly stretches into in the main combustion chamber of internal-combustion engine, the through-hole will precombustion space with main combustion chamber intercommunication.

10. The prechamber system of claim 9, characterized in that when the ignition assembly is in the first position, the prechamber system is in an intake state, gas in the reservoir enters the first space, and a piston of the internal combustion engine pushes fresh air into the second space;

when the ignition assembly is switched from the first position to the second position, the pre-combustion chamber system is in an ignition state, the ignition assembly ignites the gas in the pre-combustion space, and flame combusted in the pre-combustion space is injected into the main combustion chamber through the through hole to ignite lean gas in the main combustion chamber.

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