CN115853479A - Hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir - Google Patents
Hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir, relating to the technical field of oil and gas field development and comprising the following steps: injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water-invaded gas reservoir through an injection well, and igniting natural gas in the low-permeability water-invaded gas reservoir; the natural gas is combusted in a fracturing area in a low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir to generate hydrogen and generate high temperature, liquid water in the low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir is vaporized into steam, the steam is mixed with the natural gas and carbon monoxide generated by combustion, and steam reforming and water vapor change reaction are performed at the high temperature to generate hydrogen, so that water lock in a zone near an injection well and at a far part is inhibited or eliminated; the fracturing cracks and micro cracks of the fracturing area begin to extend due to energy generated by combustion, so that the flowing capacity of gas can be improved; closing the wellhead of the injection well, and reducing the temperature of the area to be combusted to the temperature to start mixed gas production from the injection well; separating the mixed gas by using a ground pressure swing adsorption device; and collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen, and storing the separated carbon dioxide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir.
Background
Natural gas is used as an energy source and a chemical raw material of high-quality economy, and the position of the natural gas in national economy is more and more important. The proportion of the low-permeability gas reservoir yield in the natural gas yield composition of China is increased year by year, but the gas reservoir yield is further reduced because the permeability is low, the natural yield is low, the yield is reduced rapidly, and the water logging and water locking can be caused by the sudden inflow of side water and bottom water in the middle and later development stages. At present, methods for improving the recovery ratio of a low-permeability gas reservoir mainly include fracturing to modify the reservoir, draining water and producing gas, and blocking water and producing gas, but the methods have certain limitations.
Hydrogen is considered to be clean alternative energy because of the characteristics of zero pollution and high heat value, hydrogen production by natural gas is the most main hydrogen production mode in the world at present, the main hydrogen production technologies comprise partial oxidation, steam redistillation and autothermal reforming hydrogen production, and the main reaction formulas are as follows:
CH 4 +2O 2 →CO 2 +2H 2 OΔH＝-890.3kJ/mol
CH 4 +1.5O 2 →CO+2H 2 OΔH＝-519.2kJ/mol
CH 4 +0.5O 2 →CO+2H 2 ΔH＝-35.6kJ/mol
CH 4 +H 2 O
CO+3H 2 ΔH＝+206.2kJ/mol
CO+H 2 O
CO 2 +H 2 ΔH＝-41.2kJ/mol
from the above formula, it can be seen that the combustion of natural gas and oxygen generates a large amount of heat, which provides energy for the steam reforming of the strong endothermic reaction, and consumes methane and water while generating hydrogen. If the process is applied to the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir, liquid water can be vaporized by high temperature generated by combustion, the influence of side water and bottom water inrush on the gas reservoir recovery ratio is weakened, and meanwhile, clean energy hydrogen can be obtained.
The invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen by steam reforming by heating a water-cut gas reservoir stratum (the patent number is 202011405590.8), and the method realizes the hydrogen production by steam reforming by heating the position near a shaft by energy provided by solar energy. However, the method has some limitations, such as that the method cannot be used for solving the problems of horizontal wells, serious electrical heating loss due to too deep reservoir depth and serious heat loss, only can release water lock in the near-wellbore region, and the low-permeability gas reservoir has limited hydrogen production efficiency due to the fact that the permeability cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir, oxygen-containing gas is injected into the gas reservoir, oxygen and partial natural gas are combusted to generate high temperature, residual natural gas and carbon monoxide generated by combustion are reacted with water to generate hydrogen, a low-permeability area outside a fracturing area can block the flow of the gas, and reaction raw materials in a reaction area are guaranteed. In addition, the high temperature generated by combustion can vaporize liquid water to remove water lock; the high energy in the combustion process can expand and extend the fracturing cracks and micro cracks of the reservoir, improve the gas fluidity and further improve the recovery ratio.
The invention provides a hydrogen production method based on a low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir through the injection well, and igniting natural gas in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir;
after igniting the natural gas, closing a wellhead of the injection well, and starting to produce the mixed gas from the injection well when the temperature of a region to be combusted is reduced to a target temperature;
separating the mixed gas by using a ground pressure swing adsorption device;
collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen, and burying the separated carbon dioxide;
when the natural gas in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir is ignited, oxygen cannot be diffused to a low-permeability matrix area in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir, the natural gas is combusted in a fracturing area in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir to generate hydrogen and high temperature, liquid water in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir is vaporized into steam, the steam is mixed with the natural gas and carbon monoxide generated by combustion, steam reforming and steam changing reaction are performed at the high temperature to generate hydrogen, and water locks near an injection well and at the far part are inhibited or eliminated; meanwhile, the fracturing cracks and micro cracks of the fracturing area begin to extend due to the energy generated by combustion, and the flowing capacity of the gas can be improved.
Further, injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir to ignite the natural gas in the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir specifically includes:
injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir, injecting low-ignition-point substances into the bottom of the injection well, enabling the low-ignition-point substances to generate chemical reaction with oxygen, generating spontaneous combustion, and igniting the natural gas in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir.
Further, the low-ignition-point substance is kerosene.
Further, the oxygen-containing gas is air, oxygen-enriched air, pure oxygen, and a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Furthermore, when injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the injection well, the molar ratio of the oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas to the natural gas amount in the fracturing zone is ensured to be 0.5-2.
Further, the separation of the mixed gas by using the ground pressure swing adsorption device specifically comprises:
the produced mixed gas passes through a methane pressure swing adsorption tank, then passes through a carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank, and finally is collected in a hydrogen storage tank.
Further, the collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen includes:
after the hydrogen storage tank collects hydrogen, methane is adsorbed, separated and purified by a methane adsorbent in the methane pressure swing adsorption tank, and then is stored in the methane storage tank; the carbon dioxide adsorbent in the carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank adsorbs, separates and purifies carbon dioxide, which is then stored in the carbon dioxide reservoir tank.
Further, the carbon dioxide after separation is buried, which specifically comprises:
and injecting the carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide storage tank into the low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir through the carbon dioxide injection well for burying.
Further, the methane adsorbent is a carbon molecular sieve;
the carbon dioxide adsorbent is zeolite.
Further, natural gas combustion, steam reforming and steam-shift reactions all occur in the fractured and micro-fractured regions of the fractured zone.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen production method based on the low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir has the beneficial effects that:
the invention applies the natural gas hydrogen production technology to the gas reservoir, utilizes the residual gas of the gas reservoir, and can weaken and eliminate water lock and flooding of the near well and the far zone of the gas reservoir through combustion heat release because oxygen can flow into the deep part of the gas reservoir; in addition, the high energy generated by combustion or explosion can expand and extend cracks and micro cracks, and small rock fragments can be generated in the explosion process, so that new cracks can be self-supported, and the cracks are prevented from being closed after the energy disappears, so that the permeability of the gas reservoir is increased, the gas fluidity is improved, the high-value clean hydrogen energy is obtained, and the recovery ratio of the gas reservoir is also improved; in conclusion, the invention has great application potential.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1 is hypotonic water invades the gas reservoir; 2 is a hypotonic matrix region; 3 is a fracturing zone; 4 is an injection well; 5 is a methane pressure swing adsorption tank; 6 is a carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank; 7 is a methane storage tank; 8 is a carbon dioxide storage tank; 9 is a hydrogen storage tank; 10 is methane adsorbent; 11 is a carbon dioxide adsorbent; 12 is a carbon dioxide injection well; 13 is a low ignition point substance.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made with reference to fig. 1. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the invention provides a hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir, which specifically comprises the following steps:
injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir 1 through the injection well 4, and igniting the natural gas in the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir 1; after the natural gas is ignited, closing the wellhead of the injection well 4, and starting to produce mixed gas from the injection well 4 when the temperature of the area to be combusted is reduced to the target temperature; separating the mixed gas by using a ground pressure swing adsorption device; collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen, and burying the separated carbon dioxide; when the natural gas in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir 1 is ignited, oxygen cannot diffuse to a low-permeability matrix region 2 in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir 1, the natural gas is combusted in a fracturing region 3 in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir 1 to generate hydrogen and generate high temperature, liquid water in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir 1 is vaporized into steam, the steam is mixed with the natural gas and carbon monoxide generated by combustion, and steam reforming and water vapor change reaction are performed at the high temperature to generate hydrogen, so that water lock in a region near an injection well 4 and a far part is inhibited or eliminated; meanwhile, the fracturing cracks and micro cracks of the fracturing area 3 begin to extend due to the energy generated by combustion, and the flowing capacity of the gas can be improved.
In this embodiment, injecting an oxygen-containing gas into a low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir 1, and igniting the natural gas in the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir 1 specifically includes: injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir 1, injecting a low-ignition-point substance 13 into the bottom of the injection well 4, enabling the low-ignition-point substance 13 to react with oxygen to generate spontaneous combustion, and igniting the natural gas in the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir 1.
In the present embodiment, the low ignition point substance 13 is kerosene.
In the present embodiment, the oxygen-containing gas is air, oxygen-enriched air, pure oxygen, a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen.
In the present embodiment, when injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the injection well 4, the molar ratio of the oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas to the amount of natural gas in the fracturing zone 3 is secured to be 0.5 to 2.
In this embodiment, the separation of the mixed gas by using a ground pressure swing adsorption device specifically includes: the produced mixed gas passes through a methane pressure swing adsorption tank 5, then passes through a carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank 6, and finally is collected in a hydrogen storage tank 9.
In this embodiment, the collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen specifically includes: after the hydrogen storage tank 9 collects hydrogen, methane is adsorbed, separated and purified by a methane adsorbent 10 in the methane pressure swing adsorption tank 5, and then stored in the methane storage tank 7;
the carbon dioxide adsorbent 11 in the carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank 6 adsorbs, separates and purifies the carbon dioxide, which is then stored in the carbon dioxide reservoir tank 8.
In this embodiment, the sequestration of the separated carbon dioxide specifically includes: the carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide storage tank 8 is injected into the low-permeability water-logging reservoir 1 through the carbon dioxide injection well 12 for burial.
In this embodiment, methane adsorbent 10 is a carbon molecular sieve; the carbon dioxide adsorbent 11 is zeolite.
In this embodiment, the natural gas combustion, steam reforming and steam shift reactions all occur in the fractured and micro-fractured regions of the fracture zone 3.
In specific implementation, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir 1 through an injection well 4, wherein the mol ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas in the fracturing zone is ensured to be 0.5-2 by the injected oxygen-containing gas;
(2) Injecting the low ignition point substance 13 into the bottom of the well through the injection well 4 to generate spontaneous combustion so as to ignite the natural gas;
(3) Because oxygen can hardly diffuse to the low-permeability matrix region 2, the natural gas burns in the fracturing region 3 to generate high temperature, at the moment, liquid water can be vaporized and mixed with gas phase together, and then the liquid water and the natural gas and carbon monoxide generated by burning generate hydrogen production reaction at the high temperature, and simultaneously, the cracks of the fracturing region begin to expand due to high energy generated by burning, so that the flowing capacity of the gas is improved, and the recovery ratio of a gas reservoir is obviously improved;
(4) The temperature of the area to be burned is reduced to 450 ℃ and mixed gas is extracted from the injection well 4;
(5) The produced gas firstly passes through a methane pressure swing adsorption tank 5, then passes through a carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank 6, and is finally collected in a hydrogen storage tank 9, and after the hydrogen is collected, the methane pressure swing adsorption tank 5 and the carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank 6 begin to desorb and store in a methane storage tank 7 and a carbon dioxide storage tank 8;
(6) Carbon dioxide is injected into the low-permeability water-invaded gas reservoir 1 for sequestration through a carbon dioxide injection well 12.
In the present invention, the injection of gas will result in the water in the wellbore being pressed back into the reservoir, thereby improving the mobility of the gas.
In the invention, because the natural gas is not easy to oxidize at the reservoir temperature (70-120 ℃), the injected oxygen-containing gas can not carry out combustion reaction with the natural gas, the invention preferably injects the low-ignition-point substance, and the low-ignition-point substance is kerosene because the low-ignition-point substance spontaneously ignites when the oxygen-containing gas is injected, thereby igniting the natural gas.
In the invention, the permeability of the hypotonic gas reservoir is extremely low, the stored gas is difficult to produce, and in order to improve the recovery efficiency, the prior art adopts hydraulic fracturing to make the fracture, but the hydraulic fracturing to make the fracture is high in cost, most of the fracture is single, and the gas far away from the fracturing area cannot be produced. The invention expands and extends by utilizing the high pressure generated by the combustion of the oxygen and the natural gas and generates new microcracks, thereby increasing the flow conductivity and leading more gas to participate in the reaction and extraction.
In the invention, because the injected gas blows away the natural gas to influence the combustion and hydrogen production efficiency, but the low-permeability matrix area which does not involve crack extension still ensures the sealing of raw materials in the combustion and hydrogen production area, and because the natural gas can not be completely converted into the hydrogen, the natural gas can be produced, so the invention not only improves the recovery ratio, but also obtains high-value hydrogen energy.
In the invention, the oxygen-containing gas is preferably a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and oxygen, the reduction of the oxygen concentration can reduce the risk of explosion in the injection process and increase the injection safety, and the injection of the carbon dioxide as the mixed gas reduces the types of produced gas and reduces the separation cost.
In conclusion, the invention applies the natural gas hydrogen production technology to the gas reservoir, utilizes the residual gas of the gas reservoir, and can weaken and eliminate water lock and flooding of the near well and the far zone of the gas reservoir through combustion heat release because oxygen can flow into the deep part of the gas reservoir; in addition, cracks and micro cracks can be expanded and extended by high energy generated by combustion or explosion, small rock fragments can be generated in the explosion process, new cracks can be self-supported, and the cracks are prevented from being closed after the energy disappears, so that the permeability of the gas reservoir is increased, the gas mobility is improved, clean hydrogen energy with high value is obtained, and the recovery ratio of the gas reservoir is also improved; therefore, the invention has great application potential.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir (1) through an injection well (4) and igniting natural gas in the low-permeability water-logging gas reservoir (1);
after the natural gas is ignited, closing the wellhead of the injection well (4), and starting to produce mixed gas from the injection well (4) when the temperature of the area to be burned is reduced to the target temperature;
separating the mixed gas by using a ground pressure swing adsorption device;
collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen, and storing the separated carbon dioxide in a buried way;
when natural gas in the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir (1) is ignited, oxygen cannot diffuse to a low-permeability matrix region (2) in the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir (1), the natural gas is combusted in a fracturing region (3) in the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir (1) to generate hydrogen and generate high temperature, liquid water in the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir (1) is vaporized into steam, the steam is mixed with the natural gas and carbon monoxide generated by combustion, and steam reforming and water vapor change reaction are performed at the high temperature to generate hydrogen, so that water lock in a region near an injection well (4) and a far part is inhibited or eliminated; meanwhile, the fracturing cracks and micro cracks of the fracturing area (3) begin to extend due to the energy generated by combustion, and the flowing capacity of the gas can be improved.
2. The method for producing hydrogen based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein injecting oxygen-containing gas into low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir (1) and igniting natural gas in low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir (1) specifically comprises:
injecting oxygen-containing gas into the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir (1), injecting a low-ignition point substance (13) into the bottom of the injection well (4), and igniting natural gas in the low-permeability water invaded gas reservoir (1) after the low-ignition point substance (13) and oxygen chemically react to generate spontaneous combustion.
3. The method for producing hydrogen based on low-permeability water-invaded gas reservoir as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the low ignition point substance (13) is kerosene.
4. The method for producing hydrogen based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein:
the oxygen-containing gas is air, oxygen-enriched air, pure oxygen, and mixed gas of carbon dioxide and oxygen.
5. The method for producing hydrogen based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein:
when injecting oxygen-containing gas into the injection well (4), the molar ratio of the oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas to the natural gas amount in the fracturing zone (3) is ensured to be 0.5-2.
6. The hydrogen production method based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the separation of the mixed gas by using a ground pressure swing adsorption device specifically comprises:
the produced mixed gas passes through a methane pressure swing adsorption tank (5), then passes through a carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank (6), and finally is collected in a hydrogen storage tank (9).
7. The method for producing hydrogen based on a low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 6, wherein the step of collecting the separated and purified methane and hydrogen comprises the following steps:
after the hydrogen storage tank (9) collects hydrogen, methane is adsorbed, separated and purified by a methane adsorbent (10) in the methane pressure swing adsorption tank (5), and then is stored in the methane storage tank (7);
the carbon dioxide adsorbent (11) in the carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption tank (6) adsorbs, separates and purifies the carbon dioxide, which is then stored in the carbon dioxide reservoir tank (8).
8. The method for producing hydrogen based on low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 7, wherein the carbon dioxide after separation is buried, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide storage tank (8) is injected into the low-permeability water invasion gas reservoir (1) through a carbon dioxide injection well (12) for burying.
9. The method for producing hydrogen based on a low-permeability water-invasion gas reservoir according to claim 7, wherein:
the methane adsorbent (10) is a carbon molecular sieve;
the carbon dioxide adsorbent (11) is zeolite.
10. The method for producing hydrogen based on low-permeability water-invaded gas reservoir as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that:
the natural gas combustion, steam reforming and steam-shift reactions all occur in the fractured and micro-fractured regions of the fracturing zone (3).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116892381A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 西南石油大学 | Underground automatic deflagration driving drainage gas production device and method |
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