CN115852391A - Nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 electrocatalyst and synthesis method thereof - Google Patents

Nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 electrocatalyst and synthesis method thereof Download PDF

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CN115852391A
CN115852391A CN202211514881.XA CN202211514881A CN115852391A CN 115852391 A CN115852391 A CN 115852391A CN 202211514881 A CN202211514881 A CN 202211514881A CN 115852391 A CN115852391 A CN 115852391A
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赵晓
王一凡
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrocatalyst materials, and particularly relates to nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 Electrocatalyst and method of synthesis using first synthesized alpha-MnO 2 The nano rod is doped with Ru element through ultrasonic, and is calcined in the air, so that the nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO is successfully synthesized 2 An electrocatalyst. The invention provides a nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 Design of electrocatalyst synthesis processScientific and reasonable, and the method can be used for manufacturing the crystalline alpha-MnO with high catalytic activity under the acidic condition by designing ruthenium and manganese symmetrical bimetallic sites with proper atomic distance to promote the coupling of O-O free radicals and low energy barrier 2 An OER catalyst with Ru nanoclusters loaded on nanorods.

Description

Nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 electrocatalyst and synthesis method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrocatalyst materials, and particularly relates to nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 An electrocatalyst and a method of synthesis thereof.
Background
Currently, global energy is undergoing a low-carbon revolution of fossil energy, and the construction of a green low-carbon energy system by reducing the consumption of fossil fuel is to realize energy conversion, and hydrogen gas can promote decarbonization of certain carbon emission activities, and has the highest energy density and clean properties, and has become a promising substitute for fossil fuel. For example, hydrogen can be used as an energy source in fuel cells, where Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) on the cathode side, oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) on the anode side, and Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
The traditional commercial catalysts are mostly noble metals and their derivatives, such as Pt/C (for HER) and IrO 2 、RuO 2 (for OER). As is known, noble metals are expensive and scarce, which prevents their industrial use. To overcome these problems, it is important to find an inexpensive, efficient and long-lived alternative material to effectively catalyze the above-mentioned reactions.
The kinetics of oxygen evolution reactions in acidic media are slow and highly active electrocatalysts with low overpotentials are urgently needed to reduce energy consumption. Long term stability is another key technical requirement for OER catalysts in harsh acidic operating environments. Currently, industrial applications are greatly limited due to the cost and scarcity of iridium-based materials. Relatively inexpensive ruthenium has the potential to synthesize highly active OER electrocatalysts, but the Ru-based catalysts show poor durability due to excessive oxidation during acidic OER processes.
Therefore, how to optimize the Ru-based electrocatalyst and further improve the OER activity and stability is an important problem to be solved urgently in the field of electrocatalysts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a nano rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/alpha-MnO 2 An electrocatalyst and its synthesis method for making crystalline alpha-MnO with high catalytic activity under acidic conditions by designing ruthenium and manganese symmetric bimetallic sites with proper atomic distance to promote the coupling of O-O free radicals with low energy barrier 2 An OER catalyst with Ru nanoclusters loaded on nanorods.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst comprises the following steps:
1) KMnO is weighed according to the proportion 4 And MnSO 4 ·H 2 O, mixing KMnO 4 Dissolving in a proper amount of deionized water to obtain a solution A; then adding MnSO 4 ·H 2 Adding O into the solution A, and stirring for a period of time at room temperature to obtain a solution B; transferring the solution B into a thermal reaction device, and reacting at the temperature of 150-170 ℃ for 8-12h; obtaining a reaction product I through centrifugal separation, washing, filtering and drying the reaction product I to obtain alpha-MnO 2 A nanorod;
2) The obtained alpha-MnO is 2 Putting the nanorods into a proper amount of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution C; ruCl is added 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in a proper amount of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution D; adding the solution D into the solution C under the condition of continuous stirring, and reacting for 8-1697 h at room temperature; the reaction product II is collected by vacuum filtration and washed and dried to obtain Ru/alpha-MnO 2
3) The obtained Ru/alpha-MnO 2 Placing the mixture in a calcining furnace, calcining for 1 to 3 hours at the calcining temperature of 200 to 300 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain the nano rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/alpha-MnO 2 An electrocatalyst.
Further, in step 1), KMnO 4 And MnSO 4 ·H 2 The mass ratio of O is 5:2.
Further, in step 1), the solution B was transferred to a thermal reaction apparatus and reacted at a temperature of 160 ℃ for 10 hours.
Further, in step 1), the reaction product I is washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at a drying temperature of 60 ℃.
Further, in step 2), α -MnO 2 Nanorods and RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The mass ratio of O is 100 to 5-15.
Further, in step 3), the obtained Ru/alpha-MnO is 2 Placing the mixture into a calcining furnace, and calcining for 2 hours at the calcining temperature of 250 ℃ in an air atmosphere.
The invention also provides a nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 The electrocatalyst is synthesized by the synthesis method. The electrocatalysts work synergistically by designing appropriately located active metal sites to dissociate water and trigger O radical coupling to produce O 2 Without the participation of lattice oxygen.
The invention also provides the nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 Application of an electrocatalyst in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 The design of the synthetic method of the electrocatalyst is scientific and reasonable, and the method promotes the coupling of O-O free radicals and low energy barrier by designing ruthenium and manganese symmetrical bimetallic sites with proper atomic distance to manufacture the crystalline alpha-MnO with high catalytic activity under acidic condition 2 An OER catalyst with Ru nanoclusters loaded on nanorods.
2. The invention can reduce the use amount of Ru and synthesize nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 The electrocatalyst has high catalytic activity.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product that embodies the invention to achieve all of the above advantages simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/alpha-MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 XRD pattern of (a);
FIG. 2 shows a nano rod-like Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO prepared by the present invention 2 A topography of (a);
FIG. 3 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/α -MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 LSV plots for different calcination temperatures;
FIG. 4 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/α -MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 LSV plots for different Ru yields;
FIG. 5 shows a nano rod-like Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO prepared by the present invention 2 Tafel slope plots for different Ru incorporation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention uses first synthesizing alpha-MnO 2 And (3) nanorods, and then doping Ru element by ultrasonic. Finally calcining the mixture in the air at different temperatures to successfully synthesize the nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 . At 0.5M H 2 SO 4 The oxygen evolution performance of the material is tested in the solution, and the invention has high catalytic activity while reducing the dosage of Ru.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
example 1
1) 0.5g of KMnO 4 Dissolved in 40ml of deionized water, and 0.2183g MnSO was added 4 ·H 2 Addition of O to KMnO 4 In solution. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the mixed solution was transferred to a teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave (50 ml) and heated at 160 ℃ for 10 hours. The precursor was separated by centrifugation, washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ to give alpha-MnO 2 And (4) nanorods.
2) Subjecting 80mg of MnO obtained in step 1) 2 Dispersing in 20ml of water solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain solution C. Mixing 10% RuCl 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in 20ml deionized water and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a solution D. Solution D was poured into solution C under vigorous stirring at room temperature and the reaction was continued for 12 hours. The product was collected by vacuum filtration and washed several times with deionized water, then the powder was filtered and dried at 60 ℃. Finally, the Ru/alpha-MnO was calcined at 250 ℃ in air 2 Sample (I)Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO is obtained after 2 hours 2
The catalyst prepared in this example was loaded on 0.5cm × 0.5cm carbon paper as an anode with a loading of 4mg/cm2, a carbon rod as a counter electrode, saturated calomel as a reference electrode, and 0.5MH as a counter electrode 2 SO 4 The electrolyte was subjected to electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (hereinafter, the samples were all the standard). At a current density of 10mA/cm2, the overpotential is 230mV. This catalyst exhibited catalytic activity during electrocatalysis over other example materials.
Example 2
1) 0.5g of KMnO 4 Dissolved in 40ml of deionized water, and 0.2183g MnSO was added 4 ·H 2 Addition of O to KMnO 4 In solution. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the mixed solution was transferred to a stainless steel autoclave (50 ml) lined with teflon, and heated at 160 ℃ for 10 hours. The precursor was separated by centrifugation, washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ to give alpha-MnO 2 And (4) nanorods.
2) Subjecting 80mg of MnO obtained in step 1) 2 Dispersing in 20ml water solution, and ultrasonic treating for 20min to obtain solution C. Mixing 10% RuCl 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in 20ml deionized water and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a solution D. Solution D was poured into solution C under vigorous stirring at room temperature and the reaction was continued for 12 hours. The product was collected by vacuum filtration and washed several times with deionized water, then the powder was filtered and dried at 60 ℃. Finally, the Ru/alpha-MnO was calcined at 200 ℃ in air 2 The sample is taken for 2 hours to obtain Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2
The overpotential was 279mV at a current density of 10mA/cm2 using this example. The result shows that the material also has high electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity.
Example 3
1) 0.5g of KMnO 4 Dissolved in 40ml of deionized water, and 0.2183g MnSO was added 4 ·H 2 Addition of O to KMnO 4 In solution. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the mixed solution was transferred to a stainless steel autoclave (50 ml) lined with teflon, and heated at 160 ℃ for 10 hours.The precursor was separated by centrifugation, washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ to give alpha-MnO 2 And (4) nanorods.
2) Subjecting 80mg of MnO obtained in step 1) 2 Dispersing in 20ml of water solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain solution C. Mixing 10% RuCl 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in 20ml deionized water and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a solution D. Solution D was poured into solution C at room temperature with vigorous stirring and the reaction was continued for 12 hours. The product was collected by vacuum filtration and washed several times with deionized water, then the powder was filtered and dried at 60 ℃. Finally, the Ru/alpha-MnO was calcined at 300 ℃ in air 2 The sample is taken for 2 hours to obtain Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2
The overpotential of this example was 300mV at a current density of 10mA/cm 2. The result shows that the material also has better electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity.
Example 4
1) 0.5g of KMnO 4 Dissolved in 40ml of deionized water, and 0.2183gMnSO 4 ·H 2 Addition of O to KMnO 4 In solution. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the mixed solution was transferred to a teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave (50 ml) and heated at 160 ℃ for 10 hours. The precursor was separated by centrifugation, washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ to give alpha-MnO 2 And (4) nanorods.
2) Subjecting the 80mgMnO obtained in step 1) to 2 Dispersing in 20ml water solution, and ultrasonic treating for 20min to obtain solution C. 5% of RuCl 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in 20ml deionized water and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a solution D. Solution D was poured into solution C under vigorous stirring at room temperature and the reaction was continued for 12 hours. The product was collected by vacuum filtration and washed several times with deionized water, then the powder was filtered and dried at 60 ℃. Finally, the Ru/alpha-MnO was calcined at 250 ℃ in air 2 The sample is taken for 2 hours to obtain Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2
The overpotential of the current density of 10mA/cm2 is 271mV by adopting the method. The result shows that the material also has high electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity.
Example 5
1) 0.5g of KMnO 4 Dissolved in 40ml of deionized water, and 0.2183gMnSO 4 ·H 2 Addition of O to KMnO 4 In solution. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the mixed solution was transferred to a teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave (50 ml) and heated at 160 ℃ for 10 hours. The precursor was separated by centrifugation, washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ to give alpha-MnO 2 And (4) nanorods.
2) Subjecting 80mg of MnO obtained in step 1) 2 Dispersing in 20ml water solution, and ultrasonic treating for 20min to obtain solution C. Adding 15% RuCl 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in 20ml deionized water and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a solution D. Solution D was poured into solution C under vigorous stirring at room temperature and the reaction was continued for 12 hours. The product was collected by vacuum filtration and washed several times with deionized water, then the powder was filtered and dried at 60 ℃. Finally, the Ru/alpha-MnO was calcined at 250 ℃ in air 2 The sample is taken for 2 hours to obtain Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2
The overpotential of this example was 269mV at a current density of 10mA/cm 2. The result shows that the material also has high electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity.
FIG. 1 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/alpha-MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 XRD pattern of (a). It can be seen that the incorporation was 10wt% or more of Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 XRD pattern and alpha-MnO at different calcination temperatures 2 The characteristic peaks of the compounds are consistent, which indicates that the alpha-MnO is successfully synthesized 2 Ru nano particles are loaded on the substrate.
FIG. 2 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/alpha-MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 2a and 2b are respectively nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO prepared by the invention 2 The nanorod structure is clearly seen in the transmission electron microscope image. FIGS. c-f are EDS diagrams of the present invention, in which it can be clearly seen that Ru, mn and O elements are uniformly distributed.
FIG. 3 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/α -MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 LSV plots of different calcination temperatures, 200 deg.C (example 2), 300 deg.C (example 3), and 250 deg.C (example 1), and it can be seen from the LSV plots that the current density isThe overpotentials at 10 mA/cm-2 are 279mV, 300mV and 230mV, respectively, which all have very high electrocatalytic activity, with the highest catalytic activity of example 1.
FIG. 4 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/α -MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 The LSV plots for the different Ru yields, comparing the overpotentials at 5wt% (example 4), 15wt% (example 5), 10wt% (example 1) at a current density of 10mA cm-2 of 268mV, 271mV and 230mV, respectively, all had very high electrocatalytic activity, with the catalytic activity of example 1 being the highest.
FIG. 5 shows a nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/α -MnO prepared according to the present invention 2 The Tafel slopes for different Ru loadings, 5wt% (example 4), 15wt% (example 5), and 10wt% (example 1) were 79.65mV dec-1, 76.9 mV dec-1, and 67.4 mV dec-1, respectively.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. Nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) KMnO is weighed according to the proportion 4 And MnSO 4 ·H 2 O, mixing KMnO 4 Dissolving in a proper amount of deionized water to obtain a solution A; then adding MnSO 4 ·H 2 Adding O into the solution A, and stirring for a period of time at room temperature to obtain a solution B; transferring the solution B into a thermal reaction device, and reacting for 8-12 h at the temperature of 150-170 ℃; obtaining a reaction product I through centrifugal separation, washing, filtering and drying the reaction product I to obtain alpha-MnO 2 A nanorod;
2) The obtained alpha-MnO 2 Putting the nano-rods into a proper amount of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution C; adding RuCl 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O in a proper amount of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution D; adding the solution D into the solution C under the condition of continuous stirring, and reacting for 8-16 h at room temperature; the reaction product II is collected by vacuum filtration and washed and dried to obtain Ru/alpha-MnO 2
3) The obtained Ru/alpha-MnO 2 Placing the mixture in a calcining furnace, calcining for 1 to 3 hours at the calcining temperature of between 200 and 300 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain the nano rod-shaped Ru-clusterics/alpha-MnO 2 An electrocatalyst.
2. The nanorod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO of claim 1 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 1), KMnO 4 And MnSO 4 ·H 2 The mass ratio of O is 5:2.
3. The nanorod-shaped Ru-clusterings/α -MnO of claim 1 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 1), the solution B is transferred into a thermal reaction device and reacted for 10 hours at the temperature of 160 ℃.
4. The nanorod-shaped Ru-clusterings/α -MnO of claim 1 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 1), the reaction product I is washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum at a drying temperature of 60 ℃.
5. The nanorod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO of claim 1 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 2), α -MnO 2 Nanorods and RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The mass ratio of O is 100.
6. The nanorod-shaped Ru-clusterings/α -MnO of claim 1 2 The synthesis method of the electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 3), the obtained Ru/alpha-MnO is 2 Placing the mixture into a calcining furnace, and calcining for 2 hours at the calcining temperature of 250 ℃ in an air atmosphere.
7. Nano rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 An electrocatalyst synthesized by the synthesis method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The nanorod-shaped Ru-clusterics/α -MnO of claim 7 2 Application of an electrocatalyst in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reactions.
CN202211514881.XA 2022-11-29 2022-11-29 Nano-rod-shaped Ru-clusters/alpha-MnO 2 electrocatalyst and synthesis method thereof Pending CN115852391A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117548105A (en) * 2024-01-09 2024-02-13 西南石油大学 alpha-MnO 2 Nanorod-loaded RuO 2 Positive electrode catalyst of lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117548105A (en) * 2024-01-09 2024-02-13 西南石油大学 alpha-MnO 2 Nanorod-loaded RuO 2 Positive electrode catalyst of lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof
CN117548105B (en) * 2024-01-09 2024-03-19 西南石油大学 alpha-MnO 2 Nanorod-loaded RuO 2 Positive electrode catalyst of lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof

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