CN115851359B - Environment-friendly metal cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly metal cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-60% of waste transformer oil, 1-20% of organic amine, 0-40% of extreme pressure lubricant, 10-40% of ionic liquid, 1-10% of corrosion inhibitor, 8-30% of emulsifier, 0.5-5% of defoamer, 1-20% of bactericide and the balance of water. The invention has the advantages that the metal cutting fluid is prepared by taking the waste transformer oil as the raw material, complicated treatment modes such as chemical treatment, physical distillation, dehydration and deacidification are not needed except that the waste transformer oil with serious pollution is properly filtered in the reutilization process of the waste transformer oil, and new acid sludge, oily wastewater and other new pollutants are not generated in the reutilization process, so that the process is simple and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluids, in particular to an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Transformer oil is a mixture of many hydrocarbon molecules of different molecular weights, which due to the action of light, heat, oxygen, electric arcs and copper, iron catalysts, etc., can break certain C-H bonds and C-C bonds, accompanied by the formation of small amounts of active hydrogen atoms and unstable hydrocarbon radicals, which rapidly recombine through complex chemical reactions to form hydrogen and low molecular hydrocarbon gases, such as methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, etc., and possibly also carbon solid particles and hydrocarbon polymers (X-waxes), which can deposit inside the device. In addition, the oil can undergo chemical reactions such as slow oxidation, cracking, carbonization and the like to generate a large amount of peroxides and various oxidation products such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids and the like, and can react to generate insoluble matters such as oil sludge and the like through condensation; further, the unsaturated hydrocarbon and acid value in the oil are increased, substances such as resin are generated, chemical properties are changed (antioxidant content is decreased, acid value is increased, pH value is decreased, oxidation stability is poor), water content is increased, and the like.
At present, the treatment method of the waste transformer oil mainly comprises the following steps. 1. Chemical treatment (acid-base refining), such as a method for regenerating and preparing waste transformer oil of CN202110887030 and a method for regenerating and preparing waste transformer oil of CN 202011032799. This method produces environmentally unfriendly acid sludge. 2. Chemical treatment (oxidation), such as CN201410393916, is a treatment method and device for waste pressure-variable gasoline, and the treatment equipment is complex and the treatment cost is high. 3. Physical treatment (adsorption and filtration), such as CN201711435734, a transformer oil immersion recycling method, CN201910780175, a combined purifying material for removing impurity copper in transformer oil, and a preparation method and application thereof. This treatment method may produce waste residues, causing secondary pollution. 4. Physical treatment (distillation), such as CN201711137582, is a method for recovering waste transformer oil, and the method requires distillation, has high treatment cost and complex equipment requirement. 5. Waste reuse, such as CN201410100761, is a method for producing converter hot repair material by using waste magnesia dolomite bricks. The method can solve the problems of waste residue, treatment cost and the like. However, the waste oil is used only as an additive, and the waste oil treatment amount is small. The environment-friendly refinery is generally carried out on the failed transformer oil for reprocessing, and 0.4 ton of carbon dioxide is discharged for each ton of the failed transformer oil to be processed and regenerated, so that the future double-carbon target cannot be met.
The cutting fluid consumed in China every year is about 50 ten thousand tons, the base oil is about 30 ten thousand tons, 1.7 tons of carbon dioxide is discharged per ton of base oil processed by using crude oil, and if all the dead transformer oil is used, the carbon dioxide discharge is reduced by more than 51 ten thousand tons. Therefore, a method for recycling the waste transformer oil with energy conservation, environmental protection and low cost is found, and the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid with excellent performance is produced, so that the method has considerable economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the metal cutting fluid is prepared by taking waste transformer oil as a raw material, complicated treatment modes such as chemical treatment, physical distillation, dehydration deacidification and the like are not needed except that the waste transformer oil which is seriously polluted is properly filtered in the reutilization process of the waste transformer oil, and new acid sludge, oil-containing wastewater and other new pollutants are not generated in the reutilization process, so that the process is simple and environment-friendly.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid and the preparation method and the application thereof are provided, and the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-60% of waste transformer oil, 1-20% of organic amine, 10-40% of extreme pressure lubricant, 10-40% of ionic liquid, 1-10% of corrosion inhibitor, 8-30% of emulsifier, 0.5-5% of defoamer, 1-20% of bactericide and the balance of water.
According to the technical scheme, the metal cutting fluid is prepared by taking the waste transformer oil as the raw material, complicated treatment modes such as chemical treatment, physical distillation, dehydration and deacidification are not needed except for properly filtering the seriously polluted waste transformer oil in the recycling process of the waste transformer oil, and new acid sludge, oily wastewater and other new pollutants are not generated in the recycling process, so that the process is simple and environment-friendly. Ionic liquids are salts consisting entirely of anions and cations that exhibit a liquid state at or near room temperature; the ionic liquid combines the negative charge carried by the ionic liquid with positive charge points of a friction pair in the friction process to form a stable transition state, the configuration of the transition state is very orderly, a certain thickness can be maintained, the friction-reducing and wear-resisting effects are achieved in the friction process, and the ionic liquid has good tribological characteristics. The ionic liquid and the waste transformer oil are combined and applied to the metal cutting fluid, so that the lubricating performance of the metal cutting fluid can be enhanced, proper viscosity can be provided for the processing fluid, the friction and abrasion of a machine tool in the use process of the processing fluid can be effectively reduced, the processing process is more energy-saving, and the service life of the machine tool is prolonged.
In addition, the corrosion inhibitor can effectively reduce corrosion to different processing materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy, iron and the like in the processing process; preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is at least one of benzotriazole, benzotriazole derivatives, alkyl phosphate and alkyl phosphate derivatives, and can improve the oxidation resistance and the protection performance of the metal cutting fluid obviously better than other corrosion inhibitors, so that the production cost is reduced; for example: the corrosion inhibitor comprises the following components: (1) benzotriazole; (2) at least one of benzotriazole derivatives; (3) alkyl phosphate esters; (4) at least one of alkyl phosphate derivatives; (5) benzotriazole and alkyl phosphates; (6) at least one of benzotriazole and a benzotriazole derivative; (7) at least one of benzotriazole and an alkyl phosphate derivative; (8) at least one of the benzotriazol derivatives and an alkyl phosphate; (9) at least one of benzotriazole derivatives and at least one of alkyl phosphate derivatives; at least one of benzotriazole, alkyl phosphate and benzotriazole derivatives. Still more preferably, the benzotriazole is preferably benzotriazole T706, the benzotriazole derivative is preferably benzotriazole derivative L39, and the alkyl phosphate derivative is preferably at least one of the alkyl phosphate corrosion inhibitors ASI-80, OPS-75E, MDIT, CPNF-3 and 9218 LA.
Further, the synthesis process of the ionic liquid is as follows:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: and (3) carrying out a reaction on an ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution formed by mixing acetone in a ratio of 2.5:1, evaporating the acetone under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the ionic liquid.
Further, the organic amine is one or a mixture of more of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, diisopropanolamine and cyclohexylamine. Thus, the rust resistance of the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid can be further improved.
Further, the extreme pressure lubricant is a mixture of polyether F-6 and any one of borate, carboxylate and carboxylate. Preferably, the extreme pressure lubricant is: (1) polyether F-6 and borates; (2) polyether F-6 and carboxylate; (3) polyether F-6 and carboxylate; (4) a mixture of polyether F-6 and borate, carboxylate; (5) polyether F-6 and borate, carboxylate. Therefore, the wear resistance and the bearing capacity of the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid can be further improved.
Further, the metal is any one of aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy and iron.
Further, the waste transformer oil is at least one or a mixture of more than two of waste transformer oil No. 10 (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil No. 25 (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil No. 45 (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil at 0 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-10 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-20 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-30 ℃ (GB 2536-2011) and transformer oil at-40 ℃. Therefore, the patent does not limit the type and the brand of the initial new oil of the waste transformer oil, and the new oil can not only meet the standard of the old GB2536-1990 transformer oil (being used as a waste), the brand of the initial new oil can be the No. 10, no. 25 and No. 45 of GB2536-1990, and can be the temperature of 0 DEG, -10 DEG, -20 DEG, -30 DEG and-40 DEG of GB2536-2011, which can meet the standard of unused mineral insulating oil for electrical fluid transformers and switches of the current GB 2536-2011. Namely, the waste transformer oil can be one of waste No. 10 transformer oil (GB 2536-1990), no. 25 transformer oil (GB 2536-1990), no. 45 transformer oil (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil at 0 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-10 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-20 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-30 ℃ (GB 2536-2011) and transformer oil at-40 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), and can also be a mixture of more than two of the transformer oils.
The invention provides a method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution (water-soluble semi-finished product);
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution (oil-soluble semi-finished product);
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
Prior to adopting the above technical solution, the cutting fluid producer will continuously adjust the product formulation according to the customer's requirement and the property change of the raw materials, which easily causes the product quality problem caused by the change of the blending amount of a single additive, and the production efficiency is low. According to the technical scheme, the water-soluble semi-finished product and the oil-soluble semi-finished product can be produced in advance, so that metal cutting fluid finished products with different quality performances can be produced by simply changing the proportion of the first mixed fluid and the second mixed fluid, the problem that the formula of each single additive is frequently changed along with the requirement of an oil unit and the quality change of different water-soluble raw materials and oil-soluble raw materials is solved, the production efficiency is effectively improved, and the stability of the product quality is ensured.
Further, in the step S1, the mass ratio of the organic amine to the corrosion inhibitor is (1% -30%): (1% -10%). The mass ratio of the organic amine to the corrosion inhibitor can ensure that the final product has proper pH value; preferably, the corrosiveness of different organic amines to different materials is different, and different organic amines can be selected according to different processing materials.
Further, in step S2, the present invention does not require a complicated process for regenerating the waste transformer oil; for the waste transformer oil which is scrapped due to the fact that the content of the oil sludge and the sediment exceeds the standard, the waste transformer oil is used as a raw material of the metal cutting fluid after being filtered, so that the particle concentration of a cutting fluid product is reduced, and the abrasion of the product to machines and materials is prevented. The waste transformer oil which is scrapped due to disqualification of at least one of indexes such as appearance, water-soluble acid (pH value), moisture, interfacial tension, dielectric loss factor, breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, gas content in oil, particle pollution degree, antioxidant additive content and the like can be directly used as a raw material of the metal cutting fluid without a retreating process. The whole regeneration process (if required) does not involve chemical change, the required energy is small, and the reprocessing step is simple and feasible and the cost is low.
Further, in step S3, the waste transformer oil: emulsifying agent: the mass ratio of the ionic liquid is (20% -60%): (8% -30%): (10% -40%). The amount of emulsifier added should be such that the water-soluble and oil-soluble semi-finished products described above form a sufficiently stable emulsion or microemulsion. The combination of the waste transformer oil and the ionic liquid not only can provide proper viscosity and lubricity for the processing liquid, but also can effectively reduce the friction and abrasion of the machine tool in the use process of the processing liquid, so that the processing process is more energy-saving and the service life of the machine tool is prolonged.
In addition, the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is applied to metal cutting processing, and is used after being added with deionized water or distilled water or natural water or tap water with the hardness of less than 100ppm to be diluted to 15-20 times.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the metal cutting fluid is prepared by taking the waste transformer oil as a raw material, and in the recycling process of the waste transformer oil, complicated treatment modes such as chemical treatment, physical distillation, dehydration and deacidification are not needed except for properly filtering the seriously polluted waste transformer oil, and new acid sludge, oily wastewater and other new pollutants are not generated in the recycling process, so that the process is simple and environment-friendly.
(2) Through the combination of the waste transformer oil and the ionic liquid, not only can proper viscosity and lubricity be provided for the processing liquid, but also the friction and abrasion of the machine tool in the use process of the processing liquid can be effectively reduced, so that the processing process is more energy-saving and the service life of the machine tool is prolonged. The corrosion of different processing materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy, iron and the like in the processing process can be effectively reduced by adjusting the proportion of the corrosion inhibitor.
(3) The metal cutting fluid finished products with different quality performances can be produced by a simple method for changing the ratio of the first mixed fluid to the second mixed fluid by a method for producing the water-soluble semi-finished products and the oil-soluble semi-finished products in advance, so that the problem that the formulas of various single additives are frequently changed along with the requirements of oil units and the quality changes of different water-soluble raw materials and oil-soluble raw materials is solved, the production efficiency is effectively improved, and the stability of the product quality is ensured.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise herein, scientific and technical terms used in connection with the present invention shall have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The meaning and scope of terms should be clear, however, in the event of any potential ambiguity, the definitions provided herein take precedence over any dictionary or extraneous definition. In this application, unless otherwise indicated, the use of "or" means "and/or" and, furthermore, the term "includes" and other forms of use are not limiting.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The sources of all the raw materials are not particularly limited and are commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30g of waste transformer oil (the initial new oil is No. 25 transformer oil conforming to GB2536-1990, the waste transformer oil is scrapped due to the exceeding of dielectric loss tangent and breakdown voltage performance), 25g of organic amine (DGA), 12g of extreme pressure lubricant (polyether F-6), 30g of ionic liquid, 5g of corrosion inhibitor, 7g of emulsifier, 0.5g of defoamer, 1g of bactericide and 40g of water (well water, hardness of 100 ppm).
The synthesis process of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: and (3) carrying out a reaction on an ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution formed by mixing acetone in a ratio of 2.5:1, evaporating the acetone under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the ionic liquid.
The method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times for use, and the product performance is shown in table 1.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30g of waste transformer oil (the initial new oil is No. 25 transformer oil conforming to GB2536-1990, the waste transformer oil is scrapped due to exceeding interfacial tension), 25g of organic amine (DGA), 12g of extreme pressure lubricant (polyether F-6), 35g of ionic liquid, 5g of corrosion inhibitor, 7g of emulsifier, 0.5g of defoamer, 1g of bactericide and 40g of water (well water, hardness is 100 ppm).
The synthesis process of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: and (3) carrying out a reaction on an ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution formed by mixing acetone in a ratio of 2.5:1, evaporating the acetone under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the ionic liquid.
The method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times for use, and the product performance is shown in table 1.
Example 2 is different from example 1 in the reject index of the waste transformer oil, and the proportion of the ionic liquid added in example 2 is greater than that in example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30g of waste transformer oil (the initial new oil is No. 25 transformer oil conforming to GB2536-1990, the waste transformer oil is scrapped due to the fact that the content of oil sludge and sediment exceeds standard), 25g of organic amine (DGA), 12g of extreme pressure lubricant (polyether F-6), 30g of ionic liquid, 5g of corrosion inhibitor, 7g of emulsifier, 0.5g of defoamer, 1g of bactericide and 40g of water (well water, hardness is 100 ppm).
The synthesis process of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: and (3) carrying out a reaction on an ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution formed by mixing acetone in a ratio of 2.5:1, evaporating the acetone under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the ionic liquid.
The method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil filtered by 400-mesh silk, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times for use, and the product performance is shown in table 1.
Example 3 the reject ratio of the waste transformer oil is different from that of example 1, and the waste transformer oil of the present invention is filtered through 400 mesh silk cloth in step S2.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30g of waste transformer oil (the initial new oil is No. 25 transformer oil conforming to GB2536-1990, the waste transformer oil is scrapped due to the fact that the content of oil sludge and sediment exceeds the standard), 25g of organic amine (DGA), 12g of extreme pressure lubricant (polyether F-6), 5g of corrosion inhibitor, 7g of emulsifier, 0.5g of defoamer, 1g of bactericide and 40g of water (well water, the hardness is 100 ppm).
The method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
and S3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times for use, and the product performance is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: no ionic liquid was used.
Comparative example 2
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30g of waste transformer oil (the initial new oil is No. 25 transformer oil conforming to GB2536-1990, the waste transformer oil is scrapped due to the fact that the content of oil sludge and sediment exceeds standard), 25g of organic amine (DGA), 12g of extreme pressure lubricant (polyether F-6), 30g of ionic liquid, 5g of corrosion inhibitor, 7g of emulsifier, 0.5g of defoamer, 1g of bactericide and 40g of water (well water, hardness is 100 ppm).
The synthesis process of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: and (3) carrying out a reaction on an ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution formed by mixing acetone in a ratio of 2.5:1, evaporating the acetone under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the ionic liquid.
The method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times for use, and the product performance is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2 differs from example 3 in that: the spent transformer oil was unfiltered prior to blending.
Comparative example 3
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly metal cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30g of 60N base oil, 25g of organic amine (DGA), 12g of extreme pressure lubricant (polyether F-6), 5g of corrosion inhibitor, 7g of emulsifier, 0.5g of defoamer, 1g of bactericide and 40g of water (well water, hardness of 100 ppm).
The synthesis process of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: and (3) carrying out a reaction on an ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution formed by mixing acetone in a ratio of 2.5:1, evaporating the acetone under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the ionic liquid.
The method for preparing the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid.
The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times for use, and the product performance is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: different base oils, common lubricating oil mineral base oils are used.
Comparative example 4
A certain brand of cutting fluid is commercially available.
Effect examples
Table 1 characterization of the product properties of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1 above, comparing the test results of example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example 3, the performance of the metal cutting fluid products produced using the waste transformer oil as the base oil is comparable to that of the metal cutting fluid products produced using the mineral lubricating base oil; as shown by the comparison of the test results of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 4, the metal cutting fluid has excellent corrosion resistance to various metal alloys, and can be suitable for cutting processing of various copper-aluminum-magnesium-iron metals; as shown by comparing the test results of the example 3 and the comparative example 2, the waste transformer oil scrapped due to the exceeding of the standard property of the oil sludge and the sediment content is required to be filtered by 400-mesh silk only; as can be seen from comparison of the results of example 1 and example 2, the waste transformer oil scrapped for other reasons can be directly used without treatment; the addition amount of the ionic liquid is increased, so that the wear resistance and the antifriction can be further realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-60% of waste transformer oil, 1-30% of organic amine, 10-40% of extreme pressure lubricant, 10-40% of ionic liquid, 1-10% of corrosion inhibitor, 8-30% of emulsifier, 0.5-5% of defoamer, 1-20% of bactericide and the balance of water;
the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, respectively pouring organic amine and corrosion inhibitor into water according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a first mixed solution;
s2, sequentially adding the extreme pressure lubricant, the defoamer and the bactericide into the waste transformer oil, and uniformly stirring to form a second mixed solution;
s3, mixing the first mixed solution obtained in the step S1 with the second mixed solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent and an ionic liquid, uniformly mixing, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-10.2 to obtain the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid;
in the step S1, the mass ratio of the organic amine to the corrosion inhibitor is 5:1;
in step S3, the waste transformer oil: emulsifying agent: the mass ratio of the ionic liquid is 21:5:21-25; the synthesis process of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
the first step: the method comprises the following steps of: n-methylimidazole: mixing 1, 4-dibromobutane according to the mass ratio of 1mL to 0.3g to 0.85g, mixing acetone, N-methylimidazole and 1, 4-dibromobutane, and controlling the temperature to be 40-80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
and a second step of: to the reaction solution was added a solution prepared from ethyl chloroacetate: the acetone is mixed into ethyl acetate-acetone mixed solution in a ratio of 2.5:1 for reaction, the acetone is distilled out under reduced pressure, and the ionic liquid is obtained after drying;
the waste transformer oil is waste transformer oil which is scrapped due to disqualification of at least one of indexes such as appearance, water-soluble acid (pH value), moisture, interfacial tension, dielectric loss factor, breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, gas content in oil, particle pollution degree, antioxidant additive content and the like; the waste transformer oil scrapped due to the excessive content of the oil sludge and the sediment is subjected to filtration treatment; specifically, the waste transformer oil is at least one or a mixture of more than two of waste transformer oil No. 10 (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil No. 25 (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil No. 45 (GB 2536-1990), transformer oil at 0 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-10 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-20 ℃ (GB 2536-2011), transformer oil at-30 ℃ (GB 2536-2011) and transformer oil at-40 ℃ (GB 2536-2011);
the environment-friendly metal cutting fluid is added with deionized water or distilled water to be diluted to 20 times and then is used on machines, the abrasive spot diameter of the machines is 0.702-0.752mm, and the friction coefficient is 0.057-0.066.
2. The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the organic amine is one or more of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, diisopropanolamine and cyclohexylamine.
3. The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the extreme pressure lubricant is a mixture of polyether F-6 and any one of borate, carboxylate and carboxylate.
4. The environment-friendly metal cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the metal is any one of aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy and iron.
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| CN103555392A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-02-05 | 上海应用技术学院 | Ionic liquid-containing micro-emulsified metal cutting fluid, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115261099A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-01 | 天津三一朗众环保科技有限公司 | Formula and production method of metal cutting fluid with waste mineral oil as base oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103555392A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-02-05 | 上海应用技术学院 | Ionic liquid-containing micro-emulsified metal cutting fluid, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115261099A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-01 | 天津三一朗众环保科技有限公司 | Formula and production method of metal cutting fluid with waste mineral oil as base oil |
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