CN115848667B - Unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing - Google Patents
Unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115848667B CN115848667B CN202211622740.XA CN202211622740A CN115848667B CN 115848667 B CN115848667 B CN 115848667B CN 202211622740 A CN202211622740 A CN 202211622740A CN 115848667 B CN115848667 B CN 115848667B
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping, which comprises an organism, a protective shell, a mounting plate, a mapping instrument and a damping component; the damping component is used for damping. The invention has the advantages that the impact on the U-shaped frame is buffered and damped by the friction force between the annular air bag and the inner wall of the air cylinder, the damage to the surveying instrument and the internal parts caused by the impact when the unmanned aerial vehicle falls is avoided, the whole buffering and damping mechanism is hidden in the fixed rod and the machine body, the increase of the flying resistance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is avoided, the buffering and damping effect is provided, the influence of wind resistance on the flying duration is avoided, the problems that the landing buffering and damping function of the existing unmanned aerial vehicle is simple, the better buffering and damping effect cannot be achieved, or the buffering and damping mechanism is too huge and is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the flying resistance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greatly increased, the suspension stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the air is reduced, and the duration time is greatly shortened, and the proceeding of the surveying and mapping work is influenced are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping.
Background
The unmanned aerial vehicle mapping technology is a technical means that various remote sensing devices such as a high-resolution CCD digital camera, a laser scanner, a light optical camera and the like are carried on an unmanned aerial vehicle to acquire information, the acquired image information is processed through corresponding software, and an image is manufactured according to a certain precision requirement;
When the unmanned aerial vehicle finishes landing in mapping, the chassis is impacted with the ground, damage is easily caused to parts in mapping equipment, the existing unmanned aerial vehicle is simple in landing buffering and damping function and cannot achieve a good buffering and damping effect, or the buffering and damping mechanism is too huge and is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the flight resistance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greatly increased, the suspension stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the air is reduced, and meanwhile the endurance time is greatly shortened, so that the progress of mapping work is influenced;
the above information disclosed in this background section is only for the understanding of the background of the inventive concept and, therefore, may contain information that does not form the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides an unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping.
The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: an unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering surveying and mapping comprises an organism, a protective shell, a mounting plate, a surveying instrument and a cleaning assembly; the middle part of the machine body is connected with a protective shell in a sliding way; the upper part of the protective shell is fixedly connected with a mounting plate; the mounting plate is provided with a surveying instrument; four cleaning components for cleaning the protective shell are arranged on the lower side of the machine body, are respectively positioned on the front, rear, left and right sides of the surveying instrument, and are connected with the protective shell;
The shock absorber also comprises a cylinder, a shock absorbing component, a limiting component and a shock absorbing component; the left part and the right part of the lower side of the machine body are respectively provided with a damping component for damping; the left part and the right part of the upper side of the protective shell are respectively provided with a limiting component used for limiting, and the two limiting components are connected with the machine body; a buffer component for buffering is arranged on the upper side of the mounting plate; the top part in the machine body is fixedly connected with two cylinders which are bilaterally symmetrical; the two damping components are respectively connected with a limiting component.
Optionally, four air leakage grooves are formed in the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder at equal intervals, and the width of each air leakage groove gradually narrows from bottom to top.
Optionally, the protective shell is provided as transparent.
Optionally, the right shock absorption component comprises a fixed rod, a U-shaped frame, a torsion spring shaft and a shock absorption unit; the right part of the lower side of the machine body is fixedly connected with two fixing rods which are symmetrical in front and back; the lower parts of the two fixing rods are connected with a torsion spring shaft; the two torsion spring shafts are connected with a U-shaped frame together; the two fixing rods are internally connected with a damping unit respectively, and the two damping units are connected with the U-shaped frame; the two damping units are connected with the right limiting component.
Optionally, the front shock absorption unit comprises a first round rod, a first guide wheel, a first pull rope, a fixed block, a second round rod, a second guide wheel, a second pull rope, a first sliding rod, an inflator, a first fixing piece, a first reset spring, a piston rod, a second fixing piece, a second reset spring, a first piston, a catheter, an annular air bag and a one-way valve; the middle part in the front fixed rod is connected with an inflator in a sliding way; the lower side of the inflator is connected with a piston rod in a sliding way; the middle part of the piston rod is fixedly connected with a second fixing piece; the lower side of the second fixing piece is fixedly connected with a second reset spring; the second reset spring is fixedly connected with the inflator; the upper side of the piston rod is fixedly connected with a first piston; four guide pipes are communicated with the upper side of the first piston at equal intervals in a circle; the four guide pipes are communicated with an annular air bag; the first piston is fixedly connected with a one-way valve; the upper part in the front fixing rod is fixedly connected with a first fixing sheet; the first fixing piece is connected with a first sliding rod in a sliding way; the lower side of the first sliding rod is fixedly connected with the inflator; the lower side of the first fixing piece is fixedly connected with a first reset spring; the first reset spring is fixedly connected with the inflator; the inner lower part of the front fixed rod is fixedly connected with a first round rod; the middle part of the first round rod is rotationally connected with a first guide wheel; the upper part of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with a first stay cord; the first stay cord bypasses the first guide wheel, and the tail end of the first stay cord is fixedly connected with the piston rod; two fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing rod; a second round rod is fixedly connected in the two fixing blocks together; the middle part of the second round rod is rotationally connected with a second guide wheel; a second pull rope is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first slide bar, the second pull rope bypasses the second guide wheel, and the tail end of the second pull rope is connected with a right limiting component; the upper side of the inflator is provided with an air hole; the annular air bag is provided with micropores for air leakage.
Optionally, the right limiting component comprises a mounting block, a limiting plate, a first elastic telescopic rod, a first ball, an electric push rod, a push plate, a second elastic telescopic rod, a T-shaped plate, an extrusion rod, a second sliding rod, a third reset spring, a second ball and a reset unit; the right part of the upper side of the protective shell is fixedly connected with a mounting block; a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the right part in the machine body; the mounting block is in sliding connection with the limiting plate; the front part and the rear part of the mounting block are fixedly connected with a first elastic telescopic rod respectively; the telescopic ends of the two first elastic telescopic rods are fixedly connected with a first ball respectively; the lower part of the left side of the limiting plate is slidably connected with two hemispherical grooves which are symmetrical front and back, and two first balls are respectively positioned in one hemispherical groove; the front lower part and the rear lower part of the limiting plate are fixedly connected with an electric push rod respectively; the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods are fixedly connected with a push plate respectively; two second elastic telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the lower part of the front side and the lower part of the rear side of the limiting plate; the front sides of the two second elastic telescopic rods in front are fixedly connected with a T-shaped plate; the rear sides of the two second elastic telescopic rods at the rear are fixedly connected with another T-shaped plate; two extrusion rods are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two T-shaped plates respectively; both the two extrusion rods are in sliding connection with the limiting plate; the lower part of the limiting plate is connected with two second sliding rods which are symmetrical in front-back direction in a sliding way; a third reset spring is sleeved on each of the two second sliding rods; the two third reset springs are fixedly connected with the limiting plate; the right sides of the two second sliding rods are fixedly connected with a second ball respectively; two second balls are respectively contacted with one extrusion rod; the two second sliding rods are respectively contacted with one first ball; the left side of the limiting plate is connected with a reset unit.
Optionally, the two extrusion rods are each provided with an hourglass-shaped portion for extruding the second sphere.
Optionally, the reset unit comprises an electric sliding rail, an electric sliding block and a pressing block; an electric sliding rail is fixedly connected to the left side of the limiting plate; an electric sliding block is connected to the electric sliding rail in a sliding way; the left side of the electric sliding block is fixedly connected with a pressing block; the pressing block is positioned right above the mounting block.
Optionally, the buffer assembly comprises a third round rod, a fourth return spring and a second piston; a fourth reset spring is fixedly connected with the left part and the right part of the upper side of the mounting plate respectively; the two fourth reset springs are fixedly connected with the machine body; a third round rod is fixedly connected with the left part and the right part of the upper side of the mounting plate respectively; a second piston is fixedly connected to the upper sides of the two third round rods respectively; two second pistons are opposite to one cylinder.
Optionally, the front cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning strip and an elastic buckle; the front part of the machine body is inserted with a cleaning strip; two elastic buckles which are bilaterally symmetrical are fixedly connected to the lower side of the cleaning strip, and the two elastic buckles are clamped with the machine body; the cleaning strip is contacted with the protective shell.
According to one or more embodiments of the invention, the stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle during landing is increased by splaying the two U-shaped frames, rollover damage of the unmanned aerial vehicle during landing is avoided,
Impact on the U-shaped frame is buffered and damped through friction force between the annular air bag and the inner wall of the inflator, damage to the surveying instrument and internal parts after the impact is avoided when the unmanned aerial vehicle falls is avoided, the whole buffering and damping mechanism is hidden in the fixed rod and the machine body, the increase of the flight resistance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is avoided, the buffering and damping effect is provided, and meanwhile the increase of wind resistance is avoided to influence the flight duration;
The resistance to the sliding of the second piston in the cylinder buffers the rapid upward movement of the surveying instrument and the protective shell, so that the damage caused by impact and vibration after the rapid rising of the surveying instrument is avoided;
the dust adhered to the surface of the protective shell is cleaned through the cleaning strip, so that the dust on the surface of the protective shell is prevented from being brought into the machine body, and meanwhile, the surface of the protective shell is ensured to be in a clean state during next mapping;
The electric putter is controlled through power and the control module mutually independent with the organism, when unmanned aerial vehicle appears out of control or unexpected circumstances in the high altitude, through control electric putter extension, makes surveying instrument and protective housing income organism to protect the surveying instrument.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first perspective structure of a hydraulic engineering surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective structure of the hydraulic engineering surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a shock absorbing assembly of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a region C of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a region D of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a first partial perspective structure of a shock absorbing assembly of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a second partial perspective structure of a shock absorbing assembly of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a region a of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a combined three-dimensional structure of a limiting assembly and a buffering assembly of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of a partial three-dimensional structure of a limiting assembly of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a partial three-dimensional structure of a limiting plate of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering mapping;
fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a cylinder section of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to the present invention;
Fig. 14 is an enlarged view of a B region of the unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to the present invention.
Meaning of reference numerals in the drawings: 1-machine body, 2-plotter, 001-air hole, 002-micropore, 003-hemispherical groove, 004-air release groove, 101-fixed rod, 102-U-shaped frame, 103-torsion spring shaft, 104-first round rod, 105-first guide wheel, 106-first stay wire, 107-fixed block, 108-second round rod, 109-second guide wheel, 110-second stay wire, 111-first slide bar, 112-inflator, 113-first fixing piece, 114-first return spring, 115-piston rod, 116-second fixing piece, 117-second return spring, 118-first piston, 119-conduit, 120-annular air bag, 121-check valve, 201-protective shell, 202-mounting plate, 203-mounting block, 204-limit plate, 205-electric slide rail, 206-electric slide block, 207-press block, 208-first elastic telescopic rod, 209-first ball, 210-electric push rod, 211-push plate, 212-second elastic telescopic rod, 213-T plate, 214-extrusion rod, 215-second slide bar, 216-third return spring, 301-third round rod, 301-third round spring, 301-fourth round rod, and 401-round rod, and 303-round rod.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides an unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering surveying and mapping, which is shown in fig. 1-14 and comprises an organism 1, a protective shell 201, a mounting plate 202, a surveying instrument 2 and a cleaning assembly; the middle part of the machine body 1 is connected with a protective shell 201 in a sliding way; the upper part of the protective shell 201 is connected with a mounting plate 202 through bolts; the mounting plate 202 is provided with a surveying instrument 2; four cleaning components are arranged on the lower side of the machine body 1, are respectively positioned on the front, back, left and right sides of the surveying instrument 2, and are connected with the protective shell 201;
The shock absorber also comprises a cylinder 304, a shock absorbing component, a limiting component and a shock absorbing component; the left part and the right part of the lower side of the machine body 1 are respectively provided with a damping component; a limiting component is arranged at the left part and the right part of the upper side of the protective shell 201, and the two limiting components are connected with the machine body 1; a buffer assembly is arranged on the upper side of the mounting plate 202; the top of the machine body 1 is fixedly connected with two cylinders 304 which are bilaterally symmetrical; the two damping components are respectively connected with a limiting component.
In this embodiment, four air release grooves 004 are formed on the inner wall of the cylinder 304 at equal intervals along the circumference, and the width of the air release grooves 004 is gradually narrowed from bottom to top.
In the present embodiment, the protective case 201 is provided in a transparent shape.
The right shock-absorbing component comprises a fixed rod 101, a U-shaped frame 102, a torsion spring shaft 103 and a shock-absorbing unit; the right part of the lower side of the machine body 1 is fixedly connected with two fixing rods 101 which are symmetrical in front and back; the lower parts of the two fixed rods 101 are connected with a torsion spring shaft 103; the two torsion spring shafts 103 are commonly connected with a U-shaped frame 102; two damping units are respectively connected in the two fixing rods 101 and are connected with the U-shaped frame 102; the two damping units are connected with the right limiting component.
The front shock absorbing unit comprises a first round rod 104, a first guide wheel 105, a first stay rope 106, a fixed block 107, a second round rod 108, a second guide wheel 109, a second stay rope 110, a first slide rod 111, an air cylinder 112, a first fixing piece 113, a first return spring 114, a piston rod 115, a second fixing piece 116, a second return spring 117, a first piston 118, a guide tube 119, an annular air bag 120 and a one-way valve 121; the middle part in the front fixed rod 101 is connected with an inflator 112 in a sliding way; a piston rod 115 is connected to the lower side of the inflator 112 in a sliding manner; the middle part of the piston rod 115 is fixedly connected with a second fixing piece 116; a second reset spring 117 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the second fixing piece 116; the second return spring 117 is fixedly connected with the inflator 112; a first piston 118 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston rod 115; four guide pipes 119 are communicated with the upper side of the first piston 118 at equal intervals along the circle; the four ducts 119 are communicated with an annular balloon 120; the first piston 118 is fixedly connected with a one-way valve 121; the first fixing piece 113 is fixedly connected to the inner upper part of the front fixing rod 101; the first slide rod 111 is slidably connected to the first fixing piece 113; the lower side of the first slide bar 111 is fixedly connected with the inflator 112; a first reset spring 114 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first fixing piece 113; the first return spring 114 is fixedly connected with the inflator 112; a first round rod 104 is fixedly connected to the inner lower part of the front fixed rod 101; the middle part of the first round rod 104 is rotatably connected with a first guide wheel 105; the upper part of the U-shaped frame 102 is fixedly connected with a first stay cord 106; the first stay cord 106 bypasses the first guide wheel 105, and the tail end of the first stay cord 106 is fixedly connected with the piston rod 115; two fixing blocks 107 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing rod 101; a second round rod 108 is fixedly connected in the two fixing blocks 107; the middle part of the second round rod 108 is rotatably connected with a second guide wheel 109; a second stay rope 110 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first slide bar 111, the second stay rope 110 bypasses the second guide wheel 109, and the tail end of the second stay rope 110 is connected with a right limiting component; an air hole 001 is arranged on the upper side of the inflator 112; the annular balloon 120 is provided with micropores 002.
The right limiting component comprises a mounting block 203, a limiting plate 204, a first elastic telescopic rod 208, a first ball 209, an electric push rod 210, a push plate 211, a second elastic telescopic rod 212, a T-shaped plate 213, a pressing rod 214, a second sliding rod 215, a third return spring 216, a second ball 217 and a return unit; the right part of the upper side of the protective shell 201 is fixedly connected with a mounting block 203; a limiting plate 204 is fixedly connected to the right part in the machine body 1; the mounting block 203 is in sliding connection with the limiting plate 204; the front part and the rear part of the mounting block 203 are fixedly connected with a first elastic telescopic rod 208 respectively; the telescopic ends of the two first elastic telescopic rods 208 are fixedly connected with a first ball 209 respectively; the lower part of the left side of the limiting plate 204 is slidably connected with two hemispherical grooves 003 which are symmetrical front and back, and two first round balls 209 are respectively positioned in one hemispherical groove 003; the front lower part and the rear lower part of the limiting plate 204 are fixedly connected with an electric push rod 210 respectively; the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 210 are fixedly connected with a push plate 211 respectively; two second elastic telescopic rods 212 are fixedly connected to the front lower part and the rear lower part of the limiting plate 204; a T-shaped plate 213 is fixedly connected to the front sides of the two front second elastic telescopic rods 212; the rear sides of the two second elastic telescopic rods 212 at the rear are fixedly connected with another T-shaped plate 213; two extrusion rods 214 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two T-shaped plates 213 respectively; both extrusion rods 214 are slidably connected to the limiting plate 204; the lower part of the limiting plate 204 is connected with two second slide bars 215 which are symmetrical in front and back in a sliding way; a third return spring 216 is sleeved on each of the two second slide bars 215; both the third return springs 216 are fixedly connected with the limiting plate 204; a second ball 217 is fixedly connected to the right side of each of the two second slide bars 215; two second balls 217 are in contact with one pressing rod 214 each; two second slide bars 215 are respectively contacted with one first ball 209; the reset unit is connected to the left side of the limiting plate 204.
In the present embodiment, both pressing rods 214 are provided with an hourglass-shaped portion for pressing the second round ball 217.
In the present embodiment, the opposite sides of the two pressing rods 214 are provided in a tapered shape for pressing the second round ball 217.
The resetting unit comprises an electric sliding rail 205, an electric sliding block 206 and a pressing block 207; an electric slide rail 205 is fixedly connected to the left side of the limiting plate 204; an electric sliding block 206 is connected on the electric sliding rail 205 in a sliding way; a pressing block 207 is fixedly connected to the left side of the electric sliding block 206; the press block 207 is located directly above the mounting block 203.
The buffer assembly comprises a third round rod 301, a fourth return spring 302 and a second piston 303; a fourth return spring 302 is fixedly connected to the left upper part and the right upper part of the mounting plate 202; the two fourth return springs 302 are fixedly connected with the machine body 1; a third round rod 301 is fixedly connected to the left part and the right part of the upper side of the mounting plate 202; a second piston 303 is fixedly connected to the upper sides of the two third round rods 301 respectively; two second pistons 303 are each opposite to one cylinder 304.
The front cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning strip 401 and an elastic buckle 402; the front part of the machine body 1 is inserted with a cleaning strip 401; two symmetrical elastic buckles 402 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the cleaning strip 401, and the two elastic buckles 402 are clamped with the machine body 1; the cleaning bar 401 is in contact with the protective case 201.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle is used, the protective shell 201 is used for protecting the surveying instrument 2, external dust is prevented from being directly adhered to the lens of the surveying instrument 2, when the surveying is completed and the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, the U-shaped frame 102 is in contact with the ground to be impacted, and then the U-shaped frame 102 rotates by taking the torsion spring shaft 103 as the shaft, so that the torsion spring shaft 103 is twisted, the two U-shaped frames 102 are splayed, the stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle during landing is improved, and rollover damage during landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle is avoided;
If the impact is small when the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, the U-shaped frame 102 rotates by taking the torsion spring shaft 103 as the shaft and simultaneously pulls the first stay rope 106, so that the piston rod 115 drives the first piston 118 to slide downwards in the air cylinder 112, the first piston 118 drives the guide pipe 119 and the annular air bag 120 to move downwards, the second reset spring 117 is compressed, air at the lower part of the air cylinder 112 is extruded into the annular air bag 120 through the guide pipe 119, the annular air bag 120 is expanded, the annular air bag 120 is mutually contacted with the inner wall of the air cylinder 112 and is extruded, the impact on the U-shaped frame 102 is buffered and damped by the friction force between the annular air bag 120 and the inner wall of the air cylinder 112, the damage to the surveying instrument 2 and internal parts caused by the impact is avoided, redundant air in the annular air bag 120 slowly leaks out through the micropores 002 after the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, the annular air bag 120 is restored to the initial state, and simultaneously the second reset spring 117 releases the elastic force to reset the piston rod 115 and the first piston 118;
If the impact is large when the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, the first pull rope 106 rapidly and greatly pulls the piston rod 115, so that the annular air bag 120 suddenly expands, the friction force between the annular air bag 120 and the inner wall of the air cylinder 112 suddenly increases greatly, the impact on the U-shaped frame 102 cannot be buffered and damped in time, at this time, the annular air bag 120 drives the air cylinder 112 to slide downwards in the fixed rod 101, the first slide rod 111 slides in the first fixed sheet 113, the first return spring 114 is compressed, the first slide rod 111 simultaneously pulls the second pull rope 110, the second pull rope 110 pulls the T-shaped plate 213, the second elastic telescopic rod 212 is stretched, the extrusion rod 214 slides out of the limiting plate 204, the hourglass-shaped part of the extrusion rod 214 extrudes the second round ball 217, the second slide rod 215 slides in the limiting plate 204, the third return spring 216 is compressed, the second slide rod 215 extrudes the first round ball 209, the first elastic telescopic rod 208 is compressed, the first ball 209 is ejected out of the hemispherical groove 003, the fourth reset spring 302 is in a compressed state before the first ball 209 is ejected out, at the moment, the fourth reset spring 302 releases elasticity to enable the mounting plate 202 to drive the mapper 2, the protective shell 201, the third round rod 301 and the second piston 303 to rapidly ascend, the mapper 2 and the protective shell 201 are further rapidly retracted into the machine body 1, damage caused by collision between the mapper 2 and the protective shell 201 and the ground after the unmanned aerial vehicle is impacted and turned over is avoided, the third round rod 301 drives the second piston 303 to slide into the cylinder 304 after the mapper 2 and the protective shell 201 are retracted into the machine body 1, the second piston 303 slides upwards in the cylinder 304, air in the cylinder 304 is discharged through the air discharge groove 004, the air discharge speed through the air discharge groove 004 is lower than the upward sliding speed of the second piston 303, and the pressure intensity in the cylinder 304 is continuously increased, further, resistance is generated to the upward sliding of the second piston 303, the width of the air leakage groove 004 gradually narrows along with the upward sliding of the second piston 303, and the resistance generated to the second piston 303 gradually increases, so that the rapid upward movement of the surveying instrument 2 and the protective shell 201 is buffered through the resistance received by the sliding of the second piston 303 in the cylinder 304, and damage caused by impact and vibration after the rapid rising of the surveying instrument 2 is avoided;
Since the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 212 is far greater than that of the third return spring 216, the extrusion rod 214 slides out from the limiting plate 204, after the first ball 209 is separated from the hemispherical groove 003, when the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 212 is released to drive the T-shaped plate 213 to reset, the extrusion rod 214 extrudes the second ball 217 again, the extrusion rod 214 slides into the limiting plate 204, and the second ball 217 is clamped at the hourglass-shaped part of the extrusion rod 214 and is in an initial state;
In the ascending process of the protective shell 201, the surface of the protective shell 201 is attached to the cleaning strip 401 to clean dust adhered to the surface of the protective shell 201 through the cleaning strip 401, so that the dust on the surface of the protective shell 201 is prevented from being brought into the machine body 1, meanwhile, the surface of the protective shell 201 is guaranteed to be in a clean state when the protective shell 201 is mapped next time, and when the protective shell is used again, the electric sliding block 206 is controlled to slide downwards on the electric sliding rail 205, the pressing block 207 is caused to push the mounting block 203 to move downwards for resetting, and further the fourth reset spring 302 is caused to be stretched, and the first ball 209 is caused to be clamped into the hemispherical groove 003 again, so that the surveying instrument 2 and the protective shell 201 are restored to the initial state;
The electric putter 210 is controlled through power and the control module mutually independent with organism 1, when unmanned aerial vehicle appears out of control or unexpected circumstances in the high altitude, through control electric putter 210 extension, make push pedal 211 promote T shaped plate 213, and then make T shaped plate 213 drive extrusion rod 214 and slide out from limiting plate 204, like the ascending theory of operation of drawing, make surveying instrument 2 and protective housing 201 income organism 1, thereby protect surveying instrument 2, also can pass through this operation, when unmanned aerial vehicle does not use, make surveying instrument 2 and protective housing 201 income organism 1 in, clean protective housing 201 through clean strip 401.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes or modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. Accordingly, the detailed description of the disclosed embodiments is to be taken only by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and the scope of protection is defined by the content of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering surveying and mapping comprises an organism (1), a protective shell (201), a mounting plate (202), a surveying instrument (2) and a cleaning assembly; a protective shell (201) is connected in a sliding manner in the middle of the machine body (1); the upper part of the protective shell (201) is fixedly connected with a mounting plate (202); the mounting plate (202) is provided with a surveying instrument (2); four cleaning components for cleaning the protective shell (201) are arranged on the lower side of the machine body (1), the four cleaning components are respectively positioned on the front, back, left and right sides of the surveying instrument (2), and the four cleaning components are connected with the protective shell (201); the method is characterized in that: the shock absorber also comprises a cylinder (304), a shock absorbing component, a limiting component and a shock absorbing component; the left part and the right part of the lower side of the machine body (1) are respectively provided with a damping component for damping; a limiting component for limiting is arranged at the left part and the right part of the upper side of the protective shell (201), and the two limiting components are connected with the machine body (1); a buffer component for buffering is arranged on the upper side of the mounting plate (202); two cylinders (304) which are bilaterally symmetrical are fixedly connected at the inner top of the machine body (1); the two damping components are respectively connected with a limiting component;
The right shock absorption component comprises a fixed rod (101), a U-shaped frame (102), a torsion spring shaft (103) and a shock absorption unit; two fixing rods (101) which are symmetrical in front and back are fixedly connected to the right part of the lower side of the machine body (1); the lower parts of the two fixed rods (101) are connected with a torsion spring shaft (103); the two torsion spring shafts (103) are connected with a U-shaped frame (102) together; a damping unit is respectively connected in the two fixing rods (101), and the two damping units are connected with the U-shaped frame (102); the two damping units are connected with the right limiting component;
The front shock absorption unit comprises a first round rod (104), a first guide wheel (105), a first stay cord (106), a fixed block (107), a second round rod (108), a second guide wheel (109), a second stay cord (110), a first sliding rod (111), an air cylinder (112), a first fixing piece (113), a first return spring (114), a piston rod (115), a second fixing piece (116), a second return spring (117), a first piston (118), a guide tube (119), an annular air bag (120) and a one-way valve (121); the middle part in the front fixed rod (101) is connected with an inflator (112) in a sliding way; a piston rod (115) is connected to the lower side of the inflator (112) in a sliding way; the middle part of the piston rod (115) is fixedly connected with a second fixing piece (116); a second reset spring (117) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the second fixing piece (116); the second reset spring (117) is fixedly connected with the inflator (112); a first piston (118) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston rod (115); four guide pipes (119) are communicated with the upper side of the first piston (118) at equal intervals in a circle; the four guide pipes (119) are communicated with an annular air bag (120); a one-way valve (121) is fixedly connected on the first piston (118); the upper part of the front fixing rod (101) is fixedly connected with a first fixing piece (113); the first fixing piece (113) is connected with a first sliding rod (111) in a sliding way; the lower side of the first sliding rod (111) is fixedly connected with the inflator (112); a first reset spring (114) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first fixing piece (113); the first return spring (114) is fixedly connected with the inflator (112); a first round rod (104) is fixedly connected to the inner lower part of the front fixed rod (101); the middle part of the first round rod (104) is rotationally connected with a first guide wheel (105); the upper part of the U-shaped frame (102) is fixedly connected with a first stay cord (106); the first stay cord (106) bypasses the first guide wheel (105), and the tail end of the first stay cord (106) is fixedly connected with the piston rod (115); two fixing blocks (107) are fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing rod (101); a second round rod (108) is fixedly connected in the two fixing blocks (107) together; the middle part of the second round rod (108) is rotationally connected with a second guide wheel (109); a second stay rope (110) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first slide bar (111), the second stay rope (110) bypasses the second guide wheel (109), and the tail end of the second stay rope (110) is connected with a right limiting component; an air hole (001) is arranged on the upper side of the inflator (112); the annular air bag (120) is provided with micropores (002) for discharging air;
The right limiting component comprises a mounting block (203); the right part of the upper side of the protective shell (201) is fixedly connected with a mounting block (203);
The buffer assembly comprises a fourth reset spring (302); a fourth reset spring (302) is fixedly connected to the left part and the right part of the upper side of the mounting plate (202); the two fourth return springs (302) are fixedly connected with the machine body (1);
the mounting block (203) causes the fourth return spring (302) to be in a compressed state.
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: four air leakage grooves (004) are formed in the inner wall of the cylinder (304) at equal intervals in a circle, and the width of each air leakage groove (004) is gradually narrowed from bottom to top.
3. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective case (201) is transparent.
4. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the right limiting assembly further comprises a limiting plate (204), a first elastic telescopic rod (208), a first ball (209), an electric push rod (210), a push plate (211), a second elastic telescopic rod (212), a T-shaped plate (213), a squeezing rod (214), a second sliding rod (215), a third reset spring (216), a second ball (217) and a reset unit; a limiting plate (204) is fixedly connected to the right part in the machine body (1); the mounting block (203) is in sliding connection with the limiting plate (204); the front part and the rear part of the mounting block (203) are fixedly connected with a first elastic telescopic rod (208) respectively; the telescopic ends of the two first elastic telescopic rods (208) are fixedly connected with a first ball (209) respectively; the limiting plate (204) is connected with the lower part of the left side in a sliding way, two hemispherical grooves (003) which are symmetrical in front and back are formed in the lower part of the left side, and two first balls (209) are respectively positioned in one hemispherical groove (003); the front lower part and the rear lower part of the limiting plate (204) are fixedly connected with an electric push rod (210) respectively; the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods (210) are fixedly connected with a push plate (211) respectively; two second elastic telescopic rods (212) are fixedly connected to the lower part of the front side and the lower part of the rear side of the limiting plate (204); the front sides of the two second elastic telescopic rods (212) in front are fixedly connected with a T-shaped plate (213); the rear sides of the two second elastic telescopic rods (212) at the rear are fixedly connected with another T-shaped plate (213); two extrusion rods (214) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two T-shaped plates (213); both extrusion rods (214) are in sliding connection with the limiting plate (204); the lower part of the limiting plate (204) is connected with two second sliding rods (215) which are symmetrical in front-back direction in a sliding way; a third reset spring (216) is sleeved on each of the two second sliding rods (215); the two third return springs (216) are fixedly connected with the limiting plate (204); a second ball (217) is fixedly connected to the right sides of the two second slide bars (215); two second balls (217) are in contact with each other with one extrusion rod (214); two second slide bars (215) are respectively contacted with one first ball (209); the left side of the limiting plate (204) is connected with a reset unit.
5. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 4, wherein: both extrusion rods (214) are provided with an hourglass-shaped part for extruding the second sphere (217).
6. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 4, wherein: the resetting unit comprises an electric sliding rail (205), an electric sliding block (206) and a pressing block (207); an electric sliding rail (205) is fixedly connected to the left side of the limiting plate (204); an electric sliding block (206) is connected to the electric sliding rail (205) in a sliding way; a pressing block (207) is fixedly connected to the left side of the electric sliding block (206); the pressing block (207) is positioned right above the mounting block (203).
7. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 6, wherein: the buffer assembly comprises a third round rod (301) and a second piston (303); a third round rod (301) is fixedly connected to the left part and the right part of the upper side of the mounting plate (202); a second piston (303) is fixedly connected to the upper sides of the two third round rods (301) respectively; two second pistons (303) are opposite to one cylinder (304) respectively.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle for hydraulic engineering survey and drawing according to claim 7, wherein: the front cleaning component comprises a cleaning strip (401) and an elastic buckle (402); a cleaning strip (401) is inserted in the front part of the machine body (1); two elastic buckles (402) which are symmetrical left and right are fixedly connected to the lower side of the cleaning strip (401), and the two elastic buckles (402) are clamped with the machine body (1); the cleaning strip (401) and the protective shell (201) are in contact with each other.
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