CN115839937B - Taxus chinensis stress detection method based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology - Google Patents
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- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a taxus stress detection method based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology, which mainly comprises collection and pretreatment of taxus branches with leaves, determination of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm value, corresponding RGB image collection, application of stress classification standards and the like. Because of obvious difference of chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics of different taxus chinensis germplasm needle leaves under different climatic environments throughout the year, the health degree or stress state of the taxus chinensis can be identified by screening specific parameters and analyzing imaging characteristics. The method has little influence on the growth and quality traits of the taxus chinensis, and has the advantages of simple operation, good result repeatability and high identification efficiency; and has wide application prospect in the fields of taxus resource protection and utilization, environmental tolerance type taxus variety breeding, mutant strain screening and the like, and provides a technical basis for genetic improvement of taxus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant early stress diagnosis technology, in particular to a taxus chinensis stress detection method based on a chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology.
Background
The Taxus chinensis is evergreen needle leaf shrub or arbor of Taxaceae (Taxaceae), is a national class I wild rare endangered protection plant, has great material, ornamental and medicinal value, especially the special diterpenoid taxol in the tree body, is considered to be the most effective anticancer drug in first-line clinic, and has excellent curative effect in the aspects of treating breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and the like. However, the growth of the Chinese yew is slow, the requirements on the habitat are very strict, and even if the environmental factors in the habitat are changed, the growth and development of the Chinese yew are affected, and even the survival of the Chinese yew is threatened, so that the cultivation and popularization of the Chinese yew are severely restricted. Therefore, a scientific and effective detection method for the early stress state of the Chinese yew is necessary to be established, which is the basis for reasonably developing Chinese yew resources, rapidly and accurately identifying and screening environment-tolerant Chinese yew germplasm and improving Chinese yew breeding efficiency, and has important significance for protecting and utilizing the Chinese yew.
Chlorophyll fluorescence technology is a powerful tool for studying photosynthesis changes of plants in different environments. Based on the advantages of rapid, sensitive and nondestructive measurement, the method has been widely applied to the fields of plant stress-resistant physiology and the like. After a plant is subjected to stress, the fluorescence intensity of the leaf will change before the phenotypic characteristics. Due to the loss of photosynthetic activity, the fluorescence information is correspondingly reduced, and little fluorescence information is available in severe cases. Therefore, by exploring the change of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics and combining an image processing technology, the differentiation of healthy plants and stress plants can be realized.
At present, although students try to explore the influence of different biotic or abiotic stresses on plants, such as temperature, moisture, plant diseases and insect pests and the like by using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology. However, a detection method suitable for the stress state of the Chinese yew has not been reported at present, and the sensitivity degree of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different plants to environmental changes is different, so that proper parameters need to be screened for constructing the fluorescent imaging of the Chinese yew.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a taxus stress detection method based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology.
It should be noted that most of the methods published at present are directed against specific periods and specific stresses, and the recognition effect under natural or agricultural production conditions is general; and the living state of the plant is directly affected due to the season variation. Therefore, it is necessary to more comprehensively analyze the influence of seasonal variation on the detection effect of the stress state of the yew.
In addition, most of the prior art aims at single-point or multi-point measurement of broad-leaved plants, and taxus chinensis is taken as a typical conifer species, after being stressed, the spatial heterogeneity exists in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different areas on the surface of the leaves or among different needles, and single-point or multi-point measurement analysis of the leaves and the leaves is insufficient; and the yew has strict requirements on the growth environment, and a monitoring method which is prior to phenotype symptoms is developed for detecting the early stress state of the yew so as to promote the protection and utilization of the yew.
A method for detecting stress of Taxus chinensis based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting small branches with leaves of the Chinese yew, wherein the small branches with leaves of the Chinese yew comprise small branches with full-span and mature leaves with different collecting time and different growing seasons;
(2) Wiping the water and the stains on the surface of the small branches with leaves of the taxus chinensis in the step (1) by using filter paper or gauze, placing the small branches with leaves into a self-sealing bag for extruding air, and placing the self-sealing bag into an opaque ice box for dark treatment;
(3) Measuring the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm (maximum light quantum yield of PSII reaction center) value of the yew branches with leaves by using a modulated fluorescence imaging system, and collecting corresponding RGB images;
(4) Determining the stress degree of the taxus chinensis germplasm to be tested according to the following grading standard:
Fv/Fm is more than or equal to 0.8, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are uniformly orange red and are in a healthy state;
Fv/Fm is 0.74-0.8, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are orange yellow and are in a slight stress state; the local leaf presents yellow-green color, which is a local moderate stress state;
Fv/Fm is 0.70-0.74, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are in a yellow-green state and are in a moderate stress state; the local leaf presents blue-green color, which is a local severe stress state;
Fv/Fm is less than 0.7, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are blue-green and are in a heavy stress state.
Further, in the step (1), the different collecting time is preferably in a sunny day without clouds, and the period is a key period of plant photosynthesis every day between 9:00 and 11:00 am; the different growing seasons can be determined according to actual requirements.
Preferably, the invention collects branches with leaves of yew as test samples.
The branches with fully-developed mature leaves are preferably annual branches with the top of 3 rd-7 th section branches downwards from the top of the plant, the collection length is 3-5 cm, and each branch can be ensured to contain 15-20 needle leaves.
Further, in the step (2), the dark treatment time is at least 20 minutes, which can be determined according to practical needs.
Preferably, the invention combines the preservation, transportation and dark treatment of the sample together for 20 minutes to 60 minutes, and can ensure the accuracy of the subsequent measurement of the isolated blade.
Further, in the step (3), a chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system is operated according to the specification of the instrument instruction, the value of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm of the sample to be tested is measured, and corresponding RGB images are acquired.
Preferably, the RGB image color mode corresponding to the Fv/Fm value is set to be 0-255, and the RGB image color intensity value corresponding to the Fv/Fm value is set to be 0.35-0.9, so that obvious grading effect can be presented when the stress degree is identified;
further, the value of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm measured in the step (3) is the comprehensive value of the whole plant of the leaf-bearing branch sample; preferably, the invention performs 3 times of repeated sample detection on each material, and calculates the average value, thereby obtaining the Fv/Fm value of the material to be detected.
Further, in the step (4), the grading standard is used for the yew branches with leaves under different growth environments by taking the comprehensive identification results of Fv/Fm values and corresponding RGB images of different yew germplasm under different climatic conditions throughout the year as a reference.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology is applied to the detection of the stress of the Chinese yew germplasm, the detection of the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging is carried out by adopting the small branches of the Chinese yew with leaves, and meanwhile, the screening of specific parameters and the optimization of imaging characteristics are carried out aiming at the Chinese yew germplasm, so that the method has the advantages of small wounds on plants, rapid operation process, good result repeatability and good identification effect on the stress states of the Chinese yew in different seasons and different growing environments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a representative RGB image of Fv/Fm of a yew with leaves branch of Taxus media 1 month to 12 months without being set by a unified imaging mode.
FIG. 2 is a representative RGB image of Fv/Fm of yew with leaves and branches of Taxus chinensis in 1-12 months without uniform imaging mode setting.
FIG. 3 is a graph of Fv/Fm values and corresponding representative RGB images of Taxus media with leaves branches from 1 month to 12 months.
FIG. 4 is a graph of Fv/Fm values and corresponding representative RGB images of Taxus chinensis vantage branches 1 month to 12 months.
Detailed Description
The following description of embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The present invention will be further specifically illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as falling within the scope of the present invention, for some non-essential modifications and adaptations of the invention that are apparent to those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure.
The technical scheme of the invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
1. Collecting small branches with leaves of Taxus chinensis
The Chinese yew germplasm adopted by the invention is Taxus media (Taxus media) and Taxus mairei (Taxus mairei) respectively. The branches with leaves of the yew for trial are respectively collected in a plant garden yew germplasm resource garden in Nanjing Zhongshan in Nanjing, xuanwu area in Nanjing, jiangsu province of 2021, 1 month to 12 months. The change in environmental factors during the observation period is shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the temperature, the light, the precipitation, etc. are changed to different extents with the change of seasons, thereby forming potential environmental stress to affect the growth and development of Taxus chinensis. Selecting a sunny and cloudless sunny day in month (10-15 days), collecting current annual branches with full-span and mature leaves at the tops of the 3 rd-7 th section branches from the top of the plants down in 9:00-11:00 am, wherein the collection length is 3-5 cm, and each branch is ensured to contain 15-20 needle leaves;
TABLE 1 2021 environmental factor data from 1 to 12 months
2. Pretreatment of small branches with leaves of taxus chinensis
After the taxus chinensis branch samples with leaves are collected every month, immediately wiping the water and stains on the surfaces of the samples by using filter paper or gauze which are prepared in advance, placing the samples in a self-sealing bag of extrusion air, and placing the self-sealing bag in an opaque ice box for preservation, wherein the sample transportation and the dark treatment process are finished at the same time, and the time is between 20 minutes and 60 minutes, so that the accuracy of the subsequent measurement of the isolated samples is ensured.
3. The sample after dark treatment is flatly laid on a placing table of a detection chamber of a chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system, the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system used in the embodiment of the invention is a modulation type fluorescence imaging system Chlorophyll Fluorescence-Imager (CFI, technical, UK), the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system is operated according to the specification of an instrument specification, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are obtained by automatic calculation of a built-in software Fluor Imager (version 2.2), including Fv/Fm, fv '/Fm' (effective light quantum yield of PSII reaction center), NPQ (non-photochemical quenching), qP (photochemical quenching) and qP (photochemical quenching)(actual quantum yield of PSII reaction center) and corresponding parameters.
As shown in Table 2, fv '/Fm' and were found by analyzing the dynamic change results of different chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different yew germplasm throughout the yearThe variation amplitude under different environmental conditions is smaller than Fv/Fm, and the index sensitivity is weaker;NPQ and qP are affected by the activity of a photosynthetic mechanism, and cannot show consistent change trend when different environmental stresses are indicated; preferably, fv/Fm is determined to be a sensitive indicator indicative of the stress state of Taxus chinensis.
TABLE 2 month dynamic changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of two Taxus chinensis
In addition, representative RGB images of Fv/Fm of Taxus media and Taxus media, which were not set by the unified imaging mode, are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. As can be seen in fig. 1 and 2, neither can accurately distinguish between health and heterogeneity of the leaf.
And setting a fluorescence imaging mode for matching parameter grading according to annual change results of different taxus germplasm Fv/Fm. Preferably, the RGB image color mode is set to be 0-255, the RGB image color intensity value is set to be 0.35-0.9, and the obvious grading effect is displayed when the degree of the stress of the taxus chinensis is identified. 3 replicates were set for each material and the average was calculated to give Fv/Fm values for that material.
4. Determining the stress degree of the taxus chinensis to be tested according to the following grading standard:
Fv/Fm is more than or equal to 0.8, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are uniformly orange red and are in a healthy state;
Fv/Fm is 0.74-0.8, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are orange yellow and are in a slight stress state; the local leaf presents yellow-green color, which is a local moderate stress state;
Fv/Fm is 0.70-0.74, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are in a yellow-green state and are in a moderate stress state; the local leaf presents blue-green color, which is a local severe stress state;
Fv/Fm is less than 0.7, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are blue-green and are in a heavy stress state.
Fv/Fm values and RGB pictures of different Taxus species are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
According to the grading criterion of the present embodiment, as can be seen from the detection results (fig. 3 and 4),
taxus media presents a healthy state in 2 months and 4 months-9 months, presents a mild stress state in 10 months and 11 months, presents a local moderate stress state in 3 months, presents a moderate stress state in 12 months, and presents a severe stress state in 1 month;
taxus chinensis var mairei presents a healthy state at 4 months, 5 months, 7 months and 9 months, a mild stress state at 11 months, a local moderate stress state at 3 months, 6 months, 8 months and 10 months, a moderate stress state at 2 months and 12 months, and a severe stress state at 1 month;
in addition, the surface of the leaves of the Taxus chinensis var mairei is greened in 1 month, so that the accuracy of the grading standard is further verified.
The test yew used in the invention is a common cultivation material, and the implementation of the invention is not limited to the above germplasm.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for detecting stress of taxus chinensis based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Collecting small branches with leaves of the Chinese yew, wherein the small branches with leaves of the Chinese yew comprise small branches with full-span and mature leaves with different collecting time and different growing seasons;
in the step (1), a sunny day without clouds is selected, current new branches with full-spread and mature needle leaves at the tops of the 3 rd-7 th section branches are selected from 9:00 to 11:00 am to collect, and the collection length is 3-5 cm;
(2) Wiping the water and the stains on the surface of the small branches with leaves of the taxus chinensis in the step (1) by using filter paper or gauze, placing the cleaned small branches with leaves into a self-sealing bag for extruding air, and then placing the self-sealing bag into an opaque ice box for dark treatment;
in the step (2), the preservation, transportation and dark treatment processes of the sample in the ice box can be performed simultaneously, and the time is between 20 minutes and 60 minutes;
(3) Measuring the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm (maximum light quantum yield of PSII reaction center) value of the yew branches with leaves by using a modulated fluorescence imaging system, and collecting corresponding RGB images;
the RGB image color mode corresponding to the Fv/Fm value is set to be 0-255; the color intensity value of the RGB image corresponding to the Fv/Fm value is set to be 0.35-0.9;
(4) Determining the stress degree of the taxus chinensis germplasm to be tested according to the following grading standard:
Fv/Fm is more than or equal to 0.8, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are uniformly orange red and are in a healthy state;
Fv/Fm is 0.74-0.8, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are orange yellow and are in a slight stress state; the local leaf presents yellow-green color, which is a local moderate stress state;
Fv/Fm is 0.70-0.74, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are in a yellow-green state and are in a moderate stress state; the local leaf presents blue-green color, which is a local severe stress state;
Fv/Fm is less than 0.7, and the leaves of the whole small branch in the RGB image are blue-green and are in a heavy stress state;
in the step (4), the grading standard of stress degree of the taxus chinensis germplasm is divided by taking the identification results of different taxus chinensis germplasm under different climatic conditions all year round as references.
2. The method for detecting the stress of the taxus chinensis based on the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step (3), the measured value of the fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm of chlorophyll is the comprehensive value of the whole plant of the branch sample with leaves; 3 repeated samples are set for each material to be detected, and then the average value is calculated to obtain the Fv/Fm value of the material to be detected.
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