CN115838458A - Novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel polycarboxylate water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the novel polycarboxylate water reducing agent is generated by the polymerization reaction of a compound A, a compound B, an unsaturated macromonomer, unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic anhydride under the action of an initiator and a molecular weight regulator; the mass ratio of the unsaturated macromonomer, the compound A, the compound B, the unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or the unsaturated carboxylic anhydride is 180 (1-5) to (1-10) to (5-30). According to the invention, the compound A is introduced into a molecular structure of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent through copolymerization reaction, so that a main chain side group has a benzene ring and carboxyl or sulfonic group, the carboxyl or sulfonic group provides electrostatic repulsion, and the water reducing effect is enhanced; the benzene ring enables the side chain of the obtained polycarboxylate superplasticizer to be more extended after the polycarboxylate superplasticizer molecules are adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, the steric hindrance effect is more obvious, and the water reducing rate of the product is higher finally.

Description

Novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of additives, in particular to a novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The polycarboxylate superplasticizer has the characteristics of high water reducing rate, strong performance designability, convenient production and the like, and does not generate harmful substances such as formaldehyde, ammonia and the like in the synthesis production process, and the synthesis temperature is much lower than that of a naphthalene series superplasticizer. The production process of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and is widely popularized and applied in more than ten years, so that the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent becomes a mainstream product in the market of the water reducing agent, and is widely applied to the engineering fields of highways, railways, bridges, nuclear power, dams, tunnels, marine engineering, high-rise buildings and the like.

However, in recent years, due to the fact that the situation of the shortage of the sandstone resources for concrete in China is more and more severe, the natural sand and stone resources in many areas of the country are increasingly deficient, and the supply of the sandstone materials is insufficient, the problems that the supply of the sandstone materials is extremely unstable, and the sandstone has high mud content and is unstable are caused. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer is applied to concrete, and the problem of insufficient water reducing rate is increasingly prominent. Therefore, the continuous improvement of the structure of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer to make the polycarboxylate superplasticizer have higher water reducing performance is the development direction of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer industry.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the prior art, the invention develops a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a preparation method thereof, and the novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer with excellent water reducing effect can be prepared by using a relatively convenient process method.

Based on the above, the invention provides a novel polycarboxylate water reducer, which is prepared by carrying out polymerization reaction on a compound A, a compound B, an unsaturated macromonomer, unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic anhydride under the action of an initiator and a molecular weight regulator;

the structural formula of the compound A is as follows:

wherein R is ₁ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, R ₂ Is COOM or SO ₃ M or PO ₃ M ₂ M is H or C0-C4 alkylene or Na, K, NH ₄ ；

The structural formula of the compound B is as follows:

wherein R is ₃ Is H or CH ₃ ，R ₄ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, X is O or S, R ₅ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, R ₆ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, R ₇ Is COOM or SO ₃ M or PO ₃ M ₂ Or SO ₂ NH ₂ M is H or C0-C4 alkylene or Na, K, NH ₄ 。

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the unsaturated macromonomer, the compound A, the compound B, the unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or the unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride is 180 (1-5) to (1-10) to (5-30).

Further, the compound A is at least one of (4-vinylphenyl) methanesulfonic acid, (4-vinylphenyl) sodium methanesulfonate, 4-vinylphenylacetic acid, 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 2-methyl-2- (4-vinylphenyl) propionic acid, 4-vinyl-methyl benzoate, 4-vinyl-ethyl benzoate, 4-vinylphenyl ethyl acetate and 4-vinylphenyl diethyl phosphate.

Further, the compound B is at least one of 4-vinyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, 4-vinyloxybenzoic acid, 4-vinyloxybenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt, 4-vinyloxybenzenesulfonic acid potassium salt, 4-vinyloxybenzoic acid methyl ester, 4-vinyloxybenzoic acid ethyl ester, 4- (allyloxy) benzenesulfonamide, 4- (vinyloxy) benzenesulfonamide, 2- (vinyloxy) benzenesulfonamide and 4- (allyloxy) benzoic acid.

Further, the molecular weight of the unsaturated macromonomer is 600-6000, and the unsaturated macromonomer is at least one of 3-methyl-3-butylene-1-polyethylene glycol, 2-methylallyl polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl polyoxyethylene ether, methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate and methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate.

Further, the unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride is at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic anhydride.

Further, the using amount of the initiator is 0.5-3.0% of the total mass of the reactants; the dosage of the molecular weight regulator is 0.2-3.0% of the total mass of reactants.

Further, the initiator includes a water-soluble redox initiating system or a water-soluble peroxide initiating system agent.

Further, the initiator is at least one of hydrogen peroxide-ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide-rongalite, hydrogen peroxide-ascorbic acid-ferrous sulfate, hydrogen peroxide-rongalite-ferrous sulfate, hydrogen peroxide-BRUGGOLITE E51-ferrous sulfate and ammonium persulfate.

Further, the molecular weight regulator comprises at least one of thioglycolic acid, mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropionic acid, sulfonated mercaptopropionic acid and sodium hypophosphite.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer, which at least comprises the following steps:

adding unsaturated macromonomer, a compound A, a compound B and water into a reactor for stirring, after the materials are uniformly mixed, dropwise adding unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic anhydride, an initiator and a molecular weight regulator for 0.5-2h, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 10-25 ℃, and the temperature of the materials is controlled to be 10-30 ℃ in the dropwise adding process; after the dripping is finished, preserving the heat for 0.5 to 1 hour to obtain a copolymerization product; and adding alkali into the copolymerization product to adjust the pH value of the product to 5-7 or adjusting the pH value without adding alkali, thus obtaining the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the compound A is introduced into a molecular structure of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent through copolymerization reaction, so that a main chain side group has a benzene ring and carboxyl or sulfonic group, the carboxyl or sulfonic group provides electrostatic repulsion, and the water reducing effect is enhanced; after the obtained polycarboxylate superplasticizer molecules are adsorbed on the surfaces of cement particles, the side chains are more stretched, the steric effect is more obvious, and finally the water reducing rate of the product is higher.

2. The method also uses other different types of macromonomers to match different types of small monomers, is more favorable for copolymerization reaction, and also ensures that the performance of the final product is more excellent.

3. The raw materials used in the invention have wide sources and simple preparation process, so that the prepared product more meets the application requirements of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials and reagents used in the following examples, etc., are commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set, and the data are the mean or the mean ± standard deviation of the three replicates.

In addition, "and/or" in the whole text includes three schemes, taking a and/or B as an example, and includes a technical scheme a, a technical scheme B, and a technical scheme that a and B meet simultaneously; in addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Adding 180.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 2.00g of (4-vinylphenyl) sodium methanesulfonate, 4.00g of 4-vinyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, 0.006g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, starting to dropwise add an acrylic acid aqueous solution (wherein 17.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (wherein 1.50g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a mercaptopropionic acid aqueous solution (wherein 0.70g of mercaptopropionic acid and 20.00g of water) and a BRUGGOLITE 51 aqueous solution (wherein BRUGGOLITE E51.25 g and 20.00g of water) when the materials are uniformly mixed, starting to react at 15 ℃, dropwise adding time is 1.0h, controlling the temperature of the materials to be less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, and preserving the temperature for 1h after the dropwise adding is finished, so as to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 7g of a 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducer KZJ-1.

Example 2

(1) Adding 180.00g of 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl polyoxyethylene ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 6.00g of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 2.00g of 4- (vinyloxy) benzenesulfonamide, 0.005g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, starting to dropwise add an acrylic acid aqueous solution (wherein 18.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (wherein 1.30g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a thioglycolic acid aqueous solution (wherein 0.90g of thioglycolic acid and 20.00g of water), a rongalite aqueous solution (wherein 0.30 g of rongalite and 20.00g of water) when the materials are uniformly mixed, starting to react at 13 ℃ for 0.75h, controlling the temperature of the materials to be less than or equal to 25 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, and preserving the temperature for 1h after the dropwise adding is finished, so as to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 9g of a 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain the novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer KZJ-2.

Example 3

(1) Adding 180.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 2400, 1.00g of 4-vinylphenyl diethyl phosphate, 1.50g of 2-methyl-2- (4-vinylphenyl) propionic acid, 4.00g of 4- (allyloxy) benzoic acid, 2.50g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.005g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, starting dropwise adding a mixed aqueous solution of acrylic acid and maleic anhydride (wherein 14.00g of acrylic acid, 2.00g of maleic anhydride and 20.00g of water), an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (wherein 1.50g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water) and an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid (wherein 0.40 g of ascorbic acid and 20.00g of water) when the materials are uniformly mixed, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 12 ℃, the dropwise adding time is 1h, the dropwise adding process control material temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃, and preserving heat for 1h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 10g of 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent KZJ-3.

Example 4

(1) Adding 120.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 60.00g of 2-methylallyl polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 2400, 1.50g of (4-vinylphenyl) methanesulfonic acid, 1.50g of 4-vinyl-ethyl benzoate, 2.00g of 4-vinyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, 3.00g of 4- (allyloxy) benzoic acid, 3.00g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.004g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device to uniformly mix the materials, starting to dropwise add an acrylic acid mixed aqueous solution (wherein 15.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide solution (wherein 1.20g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a BRUGGOLITE 51 aqueous solution (wherein BRUGGOLITE 51.28 g of water and 20.00g of water), starting to react at the temperature of 18 ℃, dropwise adding time of 1.5h, controlling the material temperature to be less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, and keeping the temperature of the copolymer product for 0.5h after finishing dropwise adding;

(2) Adding 6g of 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducer KZJ-4.

Example 5

(1) 140.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 40.00g of 3-methyl-3-butene-1-polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 2400, 2.40g of (4-vinylphenyl) methanesulfonic acid, 2.00g4- (allyloxy) benzoic acid, 2.00g4- (allyloxy) benzenesulfonamide, 0.004g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water are added into a reactor, a stirrer and a temperature control device are started, after the materials are uniformly mixed, an acrylic acid aqueous solution (20.00 g of acrylic acid, 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (1.50 g of hydrogen peroxide, 20.00g of water), a mercaptopropionic acid aqueous solution (0.70 g of mercaptoethanol, 20.00g of water) and an ascorbic acid aqueous solution (0.40 g of ascorbic acid, 20.00g of water) are added dropwise at the initial reaction temperature of 15 ℃, the dropwise adding time is 1.0 hour, the temperature of the process control material is less than or equal to 25 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 0.5 hour to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 11g of 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and recording the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent as KZJ-5.

Comparative example 1

(1) Adding 180.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 4.00g of 4-vinyloxy benzene sulfonic acid, 0.006g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, starting dropwise adding an acrylic acid aqueous solution (wherein 17.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (wherein 1.50g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a mercaptopropionic acid aqueous solution (wherein 0.70g of mercaptopropionic acid and 20.00g of water), a BRUGGOLITE 51 aqueous solution (wherein 0.25g of BRUGGOLITE and 20.00g of water are added), starting the reaction temperature is 15 ℃, the dropwise adding time is 1.0h, the temperature of the materials in the dropwise adding process is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ℃, and preserving heat for 1h after dropwise adding to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 7g of a 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain a comparison sample PCE-1.

Comparative example 2

(1) Adding 180.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 2.00g of (4-vinyl phenyl) sodium methanesulfonate, 0.006g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, starting dropwise adding an acrylic acid aqueous solution (wherein 17.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (wherein 1.50g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a mercaptopropionic acid aqueous solution (wherein 0.70g of mercaptopropionic acid and 20.00g of water), a BRUGGOLITE 51 aqueous solution (wherein 51.25 g of BRUGGOLITE and 20.00g of water), starting the reaction temperature is 15 ℃, the dropwise adding time is 1.0h, controlling the material temperature to be less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, and keeping the temperature for 1h after the dropwise adding is finished, so as to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 7g of a 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain a specific sample PCE-2.

Comparative example 3

(1) Adding 180.00g of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyglycol ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 0.006g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, after the materials are uniformly mixed, starting to dropwise add an acrylic acid aqueous solution (wherein 17.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (wherein 1.50g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a mercaptopropionic acid aqueous solution (wherein 0.70g of mercaptopropionic acid and 20.00g of water), a BRUGGOLITE 51 aqueous solution (wherein 51.25 g of BRUGGOLITE and 20.00g of water), starting reaction temperature of 15 ℃, dropwise adding time of 1.0h, dropwise adding process control material temperature of less than or equal to 30 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) And (2) adding 7g of a 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain a specific sample PCE-3.

Comparative example 4

(1) Adding 180.00g of 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl polyoxyethylene ether with the molecular weight of 3000, 6.00g of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 0.005g of ferrous sulfate and 145.00g of water into a reactor, starting a stirrer and a temperature control device, starting to dropwise add an acrylic acid aqueous solution (wherein 18.00g of acrylic acid and 20.00g of water), a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (wherein 1.30g of hydrogen peroxide and 20.00g of water), a thioglycolic acid aqueous solution (wherein 0.90g of thioglycolic acid and 20.00g of water), a rongalite aqueous solution (wherein 0.30 g of rongalite and 20.00g of water), starting reaction temperature of 13 ℃, dropwise adding time of 0.75h, controlling the material temperature to be less than or equal to 25 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, and preserving heat for 1h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain a copolymerization product;

(2) Adding 9g of 32% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the copolymerization product prepared in the step (1) to obtain a specific sample PCE-4.

Testing of concrete Properties

The novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agents prepared in examples 1 to 5 and the comparative samples prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests according to GB/T8076-2008, wherein the bending and mixing amount is 0.16%, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1 concrete test results

As shown in Table 1, the results of comparing KZJ-1 with PCE-1 show that the water reducing rate and the compressive strength ratios of 3d, 7d and 28d of the product are slightly reduced after sodium (4-vinyl phenyl) methanesulfonate in KZJ-1 is removed; the result of comparing KZJ-1 with PCE-2 shows that after 4-vinyloxy benzenesulfonic acid in KZJ-1 is removed, the water reducing rate and the compressive strength ratios of 3d, 7d and 28d of the product are slightly reduced; the result of comparing KZJ-1 with PCE-3 shows that after (4-vinyl phenyl) sodium methanesulfonate and 4-vinyl oxy-benzenesulfonic acid in KZJ-1 are removed, the water reducing rate and the compressive strength ratios of 3d, 7d and 28d of the product are obviously reduced; the result of comparing KZJ-2 with PCE-4 shows that after 4- (vinyloxy) benzenesulfonamide in KZJ-2 is removed, the water reducing rate of the product is basically unchanged, but the compressive strength ratios of 3d, 7d and 28d are obviously reduced; the products synthesized according to the technical scheme of the patent have higher water reducing rate and the compressive strength ratio of 3d, 7d and 28 d.

The technical features of the embodiments described above can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, the scope of the present description should be considered as being included in the description of the present specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A novel polycarboxylate water reducer is characterized in that the novel polycarboxylate water reducer is generated by the polymerization reaction of a compound A, a compound B, an unsaturated macromonomer, unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride under the action of an initiator and a molecular weight regulator;

the structural formula of the compound A is as follows:

wherein R is ₁ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, R ₂ Is COOM or SO ₃ M or PO ₃ M ₂ M is H or C0-C4 alkylene or Na, K, NH ₄ ；

The structural formula of the compound B is as follows:

wherein R is ₃ Is H or CH ₃ ，R ₄ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, X is O or S, R ₅ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, R ₆ Is alkylene of 0 to 4 carbons, R ₇ Is COOM or SO ₃ M or PO ₃ M ₂ Or SO ₂ NH ₂ M is H or C0-C4 alkylene or Na, K, NH ₄ 。

2. The novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the unsaturated macromonomer, the compound A, the compound B, the unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or the unsaturated carboxylic anhydride is 180 (1-5) to (1-10) to (5-30).

3. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compound A is at least one of (4-vinyl phenyl) methanesulfonic acid, (4-vinyl phenyl) sodium methanesulfonate, 4-vinyl phenylacetic acid, 4-vinyl benzoic acid, 2-methyl-2- (4-vinyl phenyl) propionic acid, 4-vinyl-methyl benzoate, 4-vinyl-ethyl benzoate, 4-vinyl ethyl phenylacetate and 4-vinyl phenyl diethyl phosphate.

4. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compound B is at least one of 4-vinyloxy benzene sulfonic acid, 4-vinyloxy benzoic acid, 4-vinyloxy phenylacetic acid, 4-vinyloxy benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, 4-vinyloxy benzene sulfonic acid potassium salt, 4-vinyloxy benzoic acid methyl ester, 4-vinyloxy benzoic acid ethyl ester, 4-vinyloxy benzene acetic acid methyl ester, 4-vinyloxy benzene acetic acid ethyl ester, 4- (allyloxy) benzene sulfonamide, 4- (vinyloxy) benzene sulfonamide, 2- (vinyloxy) benzene sulfonamide and 4- (allyloxy) benzoic acid.

5. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molecular weight of the unsaturated macromonomer is 600-6000, and the unsaturated macromonomer is at least one of 3-methyl-3-butylene-1-polyethylene glycol, 2-methylallyl polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl polyoxyethylene ether, methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate and methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate.

6. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride is at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic anhydride.

7. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dosage of the initiator is 0.5 to 3.0 percent of the total mass of the reactants; the dosage of the molecular weight regulator is 0.2-3.0% of the total mass of reactants.

8. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the initiator includes a water-soluble redox initiation system or a water-soluble peroxide initiation system agent.

9. The novel polycarboxylate water reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molecular weight regulator comprises at least one of thioglycolic acid, mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropionic acid, sulfonated mercaptopropionic acid and sodium hypophosphite.

10. A method for producing a novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: at least comprises the following steps:

adding unsaturated macromonomer, a compound A, a compound B and water into a reactor for stirring, after the materials are uniformly mixed, dropwise adding unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or unsaturated carboxylic anhydride, an initiator and a molecular weight regulator for 0.5-2h, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 10-25 ℃, and the temperature of the materials is controlled to be 10-30 ℃ in the dropwise adding process; after the dripping is finished, preserving the heat for 0.5 to 1 hour to obtain a copolymerization product; and adding alkali into the copolymerization product to adjust the pH value of the product to 5-7 or adjusting the pH value without adding alkali, thus obtaining the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.