CN115838247A - Resource utilization method of smelting slag - Google Patents
Resource utilization method of smelting slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN115838247A CN115838247A CN202211213226.0A CN202211213226A CN115838247A CN 115838247 A CN115838247 A CN 115838247A CN 202211213226 A CN202211213226 A CN 202211213226A CN 115838247 A CN115838247 A CN 115838247A
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- slag
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- fly ash
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 246
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
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- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a resource utilization method of smelting slag, which comprises the following steps of inputting a smelting slag melt to be treated into a slag furnace through a chute; simultaneously, adding the garbage fly ash and the batch powder into the chute, so that the garbage fly ash and the batch powder flow into the slag furnace along with the smelting slag melt, and smelting to obtain a mineral wool melt and smoke; wherein the batch comprises CaO, mgO and SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 One or more of chloride; and (3) preparing the cotton fiber by taking the mineral cotton melt as a raw material. The invention can simply and efficiently realize the full mixing of the smelting slag melt and the batch powder by controlling the adding time of the chute, the garbage fly ash and the batch powder, and simultaneously, the chuteWhen the smelting slag melt and the batch powder in the tank fall into a slag furnace, the strong impact and stirring effects are exerted on the existing melt, the mass transfer and the heat transfer are enhanced, the treatment effect is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a resource utilization method of smelting slag, belonging to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization.
Background
The reduction smelting of lead and the fuming furnace smelting of reduction smelting slag can generate a large amount of slag, wherein the slag of the reduction smelting contains about 2 percent of lead, the slag of the fuming furnace smelting contains about 0.5 percent of lead, the lead content in the two types of slag exceeds the limit value in hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007), in addition, heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium and the like can be remained in the two types of slag due to different raw materials, in order to reduce the leaching toxicity of the slag, a water quenching mode is generally adopted at present to quench the high-temperature thermal state slag to form glass state water-quenched slag, and the lead, the cadmium, the zinc and the like are fixedly sealed in the water-quenched slag. The water-quenched slag has low and dispersed metal content, is difficult to purify or has no economic benefit, so the water-quenched slag becomes main solid waste of a lead smelting plant and is mainly used in the field of building materials at present. For example, the chinese patent application CN114057415a discloses a multi-solid waste gel material, a multi-solid waste filling material based on the gel material, and a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the ecological filling material with different slurry concentrations, different strengths and different slump degrees is prepared by mixing and synergistically exciting lead smelting water quenching slag micro powder, cement clinker micro powder, slag powder, chemical ash, ammonia evaporation waste residue, full-grade tailing and water according to a proportion. In addition, the lead smelting slag contains SiO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 And CaO, but the component proportion can not or hardly form the application value directlyHigher cotton fibers.
Mineral wool is an artificial high-quality heat-insulating material and is widely applied to various fields such as buildings, industries and the like, wherein the rock wool is a heat-insulating material produced by taking basalt, slag and the like as raw materials and is mainly used for heat preservation of walls and pipelines. With the progress of the rock and mineral wool production technology and the development of resource recycling economy, the production of rock and mineral wool by replacing natural rock and mineral raw materials with industrial solid wastes such as furnace slag, tailings and the like becomes an important development direction of the industry, and related products are also accepted by the market. Compared with building materials such as gel materials, filling materials and the like, rock mineral wool has higher value, and is an important direction for realizing high-value utilization of water-quenched slag, particularly for directly utilizing hot slag, for example, chinese patent application CN104529147A discloses a method for producing mineral wool fibers by using high-temperature hot waste slag of a metallurgical furnace as a raw material, and mineral wool fibers are produced by using waste slag smelted by copper, nickel, lead, zinc, tin and iron, limestone, quartz or a mixture of the limestone and the quartz is used as a conditioning agent in the patent application, 85% -100% of the hot waste slag and 0% -15% of the thermal waste slag are melted and stirred for homogenization by a heat-insulating electric furnace, and then a four-roller centrifuge is used for fiber formation to obtain mineral wool fibers, but the treatment of residual metal of the conditioned smelting slag is not involved, and the residual metal in the smelting slag is not reasonably utilized; in addition, the mixing of the modifier and the thermal waste slag is completely carried out in the heat-insulating electric furnace, the homogenization is realized by stirring, and the stirring of high-temperature melt is difficult to realize large-scale industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for recycling smelting slag, which is used for more simply and efficiently recycling the smelting slag.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a resource utilization method of smelting slag comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting a smelting slag melt to be processed into a slag furnace through a chute; simultaneously, adding the garbage fly ash and the batch materials into the chute, so that the garbage fly ash and the batch materials flow into a slag furnace along with the smelting slag melt, and smelting to obtain a mineral wool melt and smoke;
wherein the batch comprises CaO, mgO and SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 One or more of the above; preferably, the position of the chute communicated with the slag furnace is higher than the liquid level in the slag furnace.
And S2, fiberizing the mineral wool melt to obtain cotton fibers (mineral wool fibers).
On one hand, the smelting slag melt is directly input into the slag furnace, so that the heat of the smelting slag melt can be fully utilized, and the energy consumption is obviously reduced; on the other hand, the smelting slag melt is conveyed into a slag furnace through a chute; meanwhile, the garbage fly ash and the batch materials are added into the chute, so that the garbage fly ash and the batch materials flow into the slag furnace along with the smelting slag melt, and the smelting slag melt is always in a flowing state, so that once the garbage fly ash and the batch materials are added into the chute, the garbage fly ash and the batch materials can be uniformly spread on the surface of the melt, and then the garbage fly ash and the batch materials flow and are further mixed with the smelting slag melt, finally the garbage fly ash and the batch materials flow into the slag furnace along with the smelting slag melt, and then the garbage fly ash and the batch materials are further mixed, and impact effect is exerted on the existing melt in the slag furnace, so that the melt flows relatively. Therefore, the smelting slag melt, the garbage fly ash and the batch materials are simply and fully mixed, and the newly added smelting slag melt and the batch materials continuously impact the existing melt in the slag furnace, so that the mass transfer and the heat transfer are effectively enhanced, the energy consumption is saved, the smelting process is accelerated, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Further, the maximum width of the chute is 3-6 times of the width or the diameter of the long side of a slag discharge opening 1-1 of the metal smelting furnace, and the depth delta of the smelting slag melt in the chute is kept to be 50-200mm. Preferably, the furnace chute is U-shaped and the melt should submerge the entire U-shaped bottom.
Furthermore, the height H of the chute is not less than 3 times of the depth delta of the melt, the included angle alpha between the chute and the vertical direction is 75-85 degrees, the length of the chute is adjusted according to the viscosity of the smelting slag, and the melt is required to be kept to flow in the whole chute.
Further, the smelting slag is lead smelting slag, and calculated by dry weight parts, siO 2 The content of (B) is 25-30wt%，Al 2 O 3 8-12wt% of Fe 2 O 3 30-40wt%, caO 10-15wt%, mgO 0-5wt%, and Na 2 O and K 2 The sum of the contents of O is less than or equal to 5 weight percent, and the content of Pb is less than or equal to 2 weight percent.
Furthermore, the batch comprises 27-32 parts of fly ash, 12-18 parts of talcum powder, 0-8 parts of quartz powder and 0-2 parts of reducing agent by dry weight parts. Therefore, the method can solve the problem of low resource utilization value of the existing lead smelting slag, can improve the resource utilization value of the lead smelting slag in a lower carbon mode, and can be used for performing synergistic harmless treatment on the garbage fly ash.
Further, the batch mixture comprises, by dry weight, 32-38 parts of garbage fly ash, 31-34 parts of fly ash, 14-16 parts of talcum powder, 2-6 parts of quartz powder and 0-1.8 parts of a reducing agent.
Furthermore, the garbage fly ash is household garbage incineration power generation fly ash, and the talc content in the talcum powder is more than or equal to 75wt%; preferably, the waste fly ash is grate fly ash.
Further, the reducing agent is one or more of coke powder, coal powder and waste activated carbon powder.
Further, in the garbage fly ash, the CaO content is 45-50wt%, the chlorine content is 20-28wt%, and the Fe content is 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 5wt% of Na 2 O and K 2 The total content of O is less than or equal to 12wt%; among the components of the fly ash, siO 2 Is 48-55wt% of Al 2 O 3 24-30 wt.% of Fe 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 6wt% of Na 2 O and K 2 The total content of O is less than or equal to 6wt%; in the talcum powder, siO is 2 The content is 48-54wt%, and the MgO content is 25-30wt%; in the quartz powder, siO 2 The content of (A) is more than or equal to 98wt%.
Optionally, the fineness of the batch powder is more than or equal to 200 meshes.
Optionally, the fineness of the talcum powder is more than or equal to 200 meshes, and the fineness of the quartz powder is more than or equal to 200 meshes.
Lead smelting slag containing SiO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 CaO and the like can be used for constructing components of cotton fibers, but the cotton fibers cannot be formed or are difficult to form in component proportion, and the garbage fly ash is used for supplementing CaO and the fly ash is used for supplementing Al through the cooperation with the garbage fly ash, the talcum powder and the quartz powder 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The talcum powder supplements MgO and SiO 2 Quartz powder supplementing SiO 2 The components of the materials are matched to obtain a stable melt with proper high-temperature viscosity characteristic, and then the cotton fiber can be obtained by methods such as multi-roller centrifugal fiber forming and the like. The waste fly ash also contains chlorine, at high temperature, part of Pb and the like remained in the lead smelting slag and part of volatile heavy metals in the waste fly ash are converted into chlorides to enter the flue gas, the chlorides are enriched in the flue gas, and the hard volatile heavy metals and the residual volatile heavy metals are wrapped by glassy high-temperature melt and fixed on the cotton fibers. Dioxin in the garbage fly ash is cracked when being melted at high temperature, heavy metals in the lead smelting slag and the garbage fly ash are fixed by cotton fiber, and a small amount of Fe 2 O 3 The iron alloy is reduced in a slag furnace to form iron alloy which can be discharged from a molten iron discharging port periodically to obtain the iron alloy; after the smoke dust obtained by the dust collection treatment of the smoke is soaked in water, the obtained lead-containing filtrate can be used for recovering lead, potassium and sodium crude salts after being concentrated. In the whole process, sensible heat of hot lead smelting slag is utilized to realize electric melting, lead lost in the lead smelting process is further recovered through the cooperation of the lead smelting slag and the waste fly ash, under the combined action of the fly ash, the talcum powder and the quartz powder, a vitreous body suitable for producing cotton fibers is formed through smelting, so that wastes such as the lead smelting slag, the waste fly ash and the fly ash are utilized in a high-valued mode, meanwhile, the lead smelting slag and the waste fly ash are subjected to harmless treatment, residual heavy metals are wrapped and fixed on the cotton fibers, and the toxicity leaching value of the obtained cotton fibers meets the limit value in hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Further, carrying out dust collection treatment on the flue gas to obtain soot; then, carrying out water leaching on the soot to obtain filter residue and lead-containing filtrate; and returning filter residues to S1 and mixing the filter residues into the batch powder. Optionally, drying the filter residue, crushing to a fineness of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and then adding the crushed filter residue into the batch powder; wherein the doping amount is less than 2wt% (dry basis).
Optionally, the flue gas is quenched and then dust is collected to avoid the secondary formation of dioxin in the flue gas.
Further, the mass ratio of the lead smelting slag melt to the waste fly ash to the batch materials is 30-35.
Further, in S1, the smelting time is 60-120min, further 70-110min, and further 80-100min.
Further, in S2, cotton fibers are prepared by a multi-roll centrifuge. Alternatively, cotton fibers are collected using a cotton collector for the production of cotton products.
Furthermore, in S2, an adhesive is applied in the multi-roller centrifugal fiber forming process, and the amount of the adhesive is less than 4wt% of the content of organic matters remained in the cotton product; preferably, the binder is a combination of phenolic resin, water repellent, dust control oil, and the like.
Furthermore, a plurality of charging openings are formed in the top of the chute and are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the chute; seen along the flowing direction of the smelting slag melt in the chute, adding the garbage fly ash through the front 1-5 feed ports, and adding the batch materials through the rear 1-3 feed ports; preferably, the plurality of charging openings are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the chute in sequence. Therefore, the garbage fly ash and the batch materials can be added in a dispersing way, the phenomenon that the garbage fly ash or the batch materials added at a single point position are too much to agglomerate or are difficult to mix is avoided, especially the uniform mixing degree of chlorine-containing substances in the garbage fly ash and the melt can be improved, and the formation of metal chlorides such as lead chloride is promoted.
Further, the chute comprises a chute body, wherein a feed inlet is formed in one end of the chute body, a discharge outlet is formed in the other end of the chute body, and the discharge outlet is communicated with the slag furnace; the discharge port is horn-shaped, the bottom surface of the discharge port is arranged in an inclined way, and the included angle beta between the discharge port and the vertical direction is 20-50 degrees; preferably, the angle alpha between the groove body and the vertical direction is 70-85 degrees.
Furthermore, the long side L1 of the slag discharging port is 0.4-0.6 times of the width of the slag furnace, and the short side L2 of the slag discharging port is 0.4-0.6 times of the long side L1.
Further, in S1, the batch materials are uniformly scattered on the surface of the smelting slag melt in the chute.
Furthermore, the water content of each material in the batch is less than 0.5wt%.
Further, in the process of leading out the smelting slag melt to a slag furnace through a chute, measuring the flow, and controlling the addition amount of the batch materials according to the flow measurement result; preferably, the flow measurement is an online real-time monitoring.
Furthermore, the chute is a closed chute, and the top of the chute is communicated with a flue of the slag furnace.
Furthermore, a feed inlet for adding the batch materials is arranged on the chute.
Alternatively, in S2, the mineral wool melt has a viscosity < 0.5Pa · S.
Further, the slag furnace is an electric heating furnace. Optionally, the smelting slag melt inlet and the batch charging port are on the same side, and the slag outlet is on the other side of the lead smelting slag inlet; preferably, the slag outlet is arranged right opposite to the melt inlet of the slag furnace, so that the high-temperature melt in the slag furnace can generate more violent relative flow, the uniformity of the melt is further improved, and the quality of cotton fibers is improved.
Further, the liquid level in the slag furnace is required to be kept higher than the highest position of the slag outlet all the time; preferably, the amount of stable melt in the slag furnace is controlled to be 1-2 times that of the single input of the melting slag melt.
Further, when the slag furnace is started up, firstly, the hot smelting slag is put into the slag furnace, then the power is turned on to heat, then the batch materials are added into the slag furnace, after the slag furnace stably supplies heat, the materials are added according to the automatic proportion, and specifically, the batch materials are spread on the surface of the smelting slag melt in the chute, so that the batch material powder flows into the slag furnace along with the smelting slag melt.
The invention fully utilizes the heat of the hot smelting slag, and can obviously reduce the energy consumption of melting; the waste fly ash, the talcum powder, the quartz powder and the reducing agent are all micro powder, are spread on the surface of the hot-state lead smelting slag and then flow into a slag furnace together, so that the batch materials and the hot-state lead smelting slag are uniformly mixed, and the melting speed is improved, thereby being beneficial to further energy conservation; the powder and the hot lead smelting slag are fully mixed, so that the contact area of chlorine and the lead smelting slag is increased, the volatilization of lead chloride and the like is promoted, and the recovery rate of residual metals in slag and fly ash can be improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can simply and efficiently realize the full mixing of the smelting slag melt and the batch materials by controlling the adding time of the chute, the garbage fly ash and the batch materials, and simultaneously, the smelting slag melt and the batch materials in the chute have strong impact action on the existing melt when falling into a slag furnace, so that the melt generates relative flow, the mass transfer and the heat transfer are enhanced, the treatment effect is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
2. According to the invention, through the cooperation of smelting slag and garbage fly ash, the garbage fly ash is used as a calcium source to supplement CaO in the lead smelting slag, and the lead smelting slag is promoted to form a stable vitreous body; cl in the garbage fly ash reacts with residual volatile metals such as lead and the like to form volatile chloride which enters the smoke dust and is enriched and recovered; the heavy metal which is difficult to volatilize and the residual small amount of volatile heavy metal are wrapped and fixed by the glassy state melt, so that the loss of metal in the lead smelting slag is reduced, and the resource utilization value is improved.
3. The invention utilizes the synergy of the smelting slag, the garbage fly ash, the fly ash and the like to melt and form the high-temperature melt which can be used for producing rock mineral cotton fibers, the leaching toxicity of the obtained cotton fibers meets the limit value, and the product value is higher.
4. The invention directly utilizes the hot lead smelting slag melt, avoids a large amount of heat loss caused by water quenching, has the advantage of obviously reducing the production energy consumption compared with the method of converting the hot lead smelting slag into water quenching slag for recycling, and can utilize the hot lead smelting slag as a conductive medium to start the slag furnace, obviously improve the furnace-starting speed and reduce the furnace-starting energy consumption.
5. According to the invention, the batch and the hot smelting slag synchronously enter the slag furnace, so that the homogenization of the melt is accelerated, the uniformity is improved, the improvement of the forming quality of cotton fibers is facilitated, and the slag ball content in the cotton fibers is reduced. Meanwhile, the contact area of chlorine and lead smelting slag is increased, the volatilization of lead chloride and the like is promoted, and the recovery rate of residual metals in slag and fly ash can be improved.
6. The total consumption of the solid waste and the hazardous waste reaches more than 80 percent, and the use of natural mineral raw materials can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a chute of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the chute of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a chute of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a reaction furnace; 2-chute; 3-a slag furnace; 11-a material layer; 12-liquid level; 13-liquid slag layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The percentages referred to are percentages by mass, unless otherwise specified.
The raw material components used in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples are shown in Table 1. Wherein the lead smelting slag is slag of a lead reducing furnace; the talc content in the talc powder is 80.1wt%; the quartz content in the quartz powder was 98.5wt%.
TABLE 1
Example 1
A resource utilization method of lead smelting slag, as shown in fig. 1-3, specifically comprising the following steps:
according to the dry basis weight parts, 29 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of talcum powder, 4 parts of quartz powder and 1 part of coal powder are pneumatically mixed to obtain a batch mixture; taking 35 parts of garbage fly ash list for later use. Wherein the garbage fly ash is the grate furnace fly ash of a domestic garbage power plant; the fineness of the talcum powder is-200 meshes; the fineness of the quartz powder is-200 meshes; the fineness of the fly ash is-200 meshes.
The side surface of the reaction furnace 1 is provided with a slag discharge port 1-1, the slag discharge port 1-1 is a round port with the diameter of 100mm, and the reaction furnace 1 is a lead reduction furnace. The chute is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet 3-1, the feed inlet is communicated with the slag discharge outlet 1-1, the cross section of the slag furnace 3 is rectangular, the discharge outlet 3-1 is communicated with the slag furnace 3, and the communication position of the discharge outlet 3-1 and the slag furnace 3 and the slag outlet are arranged at two sides of the short edge of the slag furnace 3. The chute 2 is U-shaped, the included angle alpha between the chute and the vertical direction is 80 degrees, the width B is 400mm, the height H is 500mm, and the depth of the internal melt is 150 +/-10 mm (the distance between the liquid level of the melt and the lowest position of the bottom in the chute); the discharge opening 3-1 is horn-shaped, the length L1 of the discharge opening 3-1 is 0.5 times of the width of the slag furnace 3, the width L2 of the discharge opening 3-1 is half of the length L1, the bottom surface of the discharge opening 3-1 is obliquely arranged, and the included angle beta between the bottom surface of the discharge opening and the vertical direction is 30 degrees. The top of the discharge opening 3-1 is provided with 1 charging opening 2-A with the diameter of 400 mm; the top of the chute 2 is provided with 3 feed inlets 2-B1, 2-B2 and 2-B3 which are sequentially distributed along the length direction, the distance a = B = c, and the diameters of the feed inlets 2-B1, 2-B2 and 2-B3 are 200mm.
The hot-state lead smelting slag melt in the lead reduction furnace (reaction furnace 1) flows into the slag furnace through the chute 2, the batch materials in the storage bin in front of the furnace are quantitatively added from the feeding port on the chute 2, and are spread on the surface of the hot-state lead smelting slag melt to enter the slag furnace along with the slag, and the slag is smelted for 90min to obtain mineral wool melt and flue gas. The proportion of the lead smelting slag and the batch materials is automatically controlled, namely, the slag discharge amount is preset according to 32 parts by weight of lead smelting slag melt, 48 parts by weight of batch materials and 35 parts by weight of garbage fly ash, then the batch material amount is calculated, after the batch materials are weighed, the batch materials are quantitatively fed to a feed inlet on a chute by a spiral feeder, wherein 48 parts by weight of batch materials are added from a feed inlet 2-A, and 10 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight and 13 parts by weight of garbage fly ash are respectively added from a feed inlet 2-B1, a feed inlet 2-B2 and a feed inlet 2-B3.
The flue gas is rapidly cooled to 200 ℃ through a heat exchanger, and then the flue gas is purified to obtain the smoke dust. The lead content in the dust is 0.85 percent, and the lead recovery rate is 58.40 percent. Leaching the obtained smoke dust by soft water to obtain filtrate and filter residue, drying the filter residue, grinding the filter residue to 200 meshes, and adding the filter residue into the batch mixture, wherein the adding amount is 1wt%; after the filtrate is concentrated, caustic alkali is added to precipitate lead, and then crude salt is obtained through evaporation and crystallization.
Keeping stable melt with 1.5 +/-0.1 time of single slag discharge amount of a lead reduction furnace in a slag furnace, controlling the temperature in the slag furnace to be 1500 +/-25 ℃, enabling the viscosity of mineral wool melt at a slag outlet to be 0.4 +/-0.1 Pa.s, feeding the mineral wool melt into a four-roller centrifuge, forming fibers, and obtaining cotton fibers with the average diameter of 5.5 mu m and the slag ball content of 5.53 percent, wherein a composition binder such as phenolic resin, a water repellent, dustproof oil and the like is applied in the fiber forming process. The leaching toxicity of the cotton fiber meets the limit value in 'hazardous waste identification Standard leaching toxicity identification' (GB 5085.3-2007).
Comparative example 1
Example 1 was repeated with the only difference that: the chute is not provided with a charging opening, and the batch and the garbage fly ash are directly put into the slag furnace.
The material layer of the batch aggregates and floats on the surface of the melt, and part of the material layer is still not melted after melting for 90 min; the obtained smoke dust contains 0.52 percent of lead, and the recovery rate is 35.53 percent; the amount of slag balls generated in the fiber forming process was 6.78%.
Comparative example 2
Example 1 was repeated with the only difference that: the chute is only provided with a charging opening 2-A, and the garbage fly ash is mixed into the batch mixture and is fed from the charging opening 2-A.
After the batch materials are added, the batch materials are firstly stacked at a discharge outlet, are dispersed along with the inflow of the lead smelting slag and are dispersed into a slag furnace, and after the batch materials are smelted for 90min, the batch layers are basically molten. The obtained smoke dust contains 0.67 percent of lead, and the recovery rate is 46.20 percent; the amount of shot produced during the fiber formation was 5.99wt%.
Comparative example 3
Example 1 was repeated with the only difference that: the chute is provided with 1 feed inlet 2-A and 1 feed inlet 2-B; wherein 48 parts of batch mixture is added through a charging opening 2-A, and 35 parts of garbage fly ash is added through a charging opening 2-B.
After the batch materials are added, the batch materials are firstly stacked at a discharge outlet, the stacking height is reduced, the batch materials are dispersed along with the inflow of the lead smelting slag and are dispersed into a slag furnace, and after the batch materials are smelted for 90min, the batch layers are melted. The obtained smoke dust contains 0.74 percent of lead, and the recovery rate is 51.18 percent; the amount of slag balls generated in the fiber forming process has no obvious change.
Comparative example 4
Example 1 was repeated with the only difference that: mixing the garbage fly ash into the batch to form a mixture; the mixture is added through a feed inlet 2-A and a feed inlet 2-B.
The obtained smoke dust contains 0.72 percent of lead, and the recovery rate is 49.33 percent; the amount of slag balls generated in the fiber forming process is slightly reduced.
Therefore, the batch mixture is directly added into the slag furnace, the mixing effect of the bunker and the melt is poor, the volatilization of lead is reduced, the uniformity of the mineral wool melt is also poor, and the garbage fly ash mixed into the batch mixture can slightly improve the uniformity of the melt, but is not beneficial to the volatilization of lead.
Comparative example 5
Example 1 was repeated with the only difference that: the width B was 550mm and the internal melt depth was 35. + -.10 mm.
The results show that some of the lead slag had coagulated as it flowed into the melt, resulting in batch material remaining in the spout.
Example 2
A resource utilization method of lead smelting slag specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the dry basis weight parts, 27 parts of fly ash, 12 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of quartz powder, 0.5 part of coal powder and 0.5 part of waste active carbon powder are pneumatically mixed to obtain a batch mixture; taking 40 parts of garbage fly ash for later use. Wherein the garbage fly ash is the grate furnace fly ash of a domestic garbage power plant; the fineness of the talcum powder is-200 meshes; the fineness of the quartz powder is-200 meshes; the fineness of the fly ash is-200 meshes.
The side surface of the reaction furnace 1 is provided with a slag discharge port 1-1, the slag discharge port 1-1 is a round port with the diameter of 100mm, and the reaction furnace 1 is a lead reduction furnace. The chute is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet 3-1, the feed inlet is communicated with the slag discharge outlet 1-1, the cross section of the slag furnace 3 is rectangular, the discharge outlet 3-1 is communicated with the slag furnace 3, and the communication position of the discharge outlet 3-1 and the slag furnace 3 and the slag outlet are arranged at two sides of the short edge of the slag furnace 3. The chute 2 is U-shaped, the included angle alpha between the chute and the vertical direction is 75 degrees, the width B is 400mm, the height H is 500mm, and the depth of the internal melt is 80 +/-10 mm; the discharge opening 3-1 is horn-shaped, the length L1 of the discharge opening 3-1 is 0.4 times of the width of the slag furnace 3, the width L2 of the discharge opening 3-1 is half of the length L1, the bottom surface of the discharge opening 3-1 is obliquely arranged, and an included angle beta between the bottom surface of the discharge opening and the vertical direction is 45 degrees. The top of the discharge opening 3-1 is provided with 1 charging opening 2-A with the diameter of 400 mm; the top of the chute 2 is provided with 2 feed inlets 2-B1 and 2-B2 which are sequentially distributed along the length direction, the distance a = B = c, and the diameters of the feed inlets 2-B1 and 2-B2 are both 200mm.
The hot-state lead smelting slag melt in the lead reduction furnace (reaction furnace 1) flows into the slag furnace through the chute 2, batch in the front bin of the furnace is quantitatively added from a feed inlet on the chute 2, is spread on the surface of the hot-state lead smelting slag melt and enters the slag furnace along with slag, and is smelted for 80min to obtain mineral wool melt and flue gas. The proportion of the lead smelting slag and the batch materials is automatically controlled, namely, the slag discharge amount is preset according to 30 parts by weight of lead smelting slag melt, 46 parts by weight of batch materials and 40 parts by weight of garbage fly ash, then the batch material amount is calculated, after the batch materials are weighed, the batch materials are quantitatively fed to a feed inlet on a chute by a spiral feeder, wherein 46 parts by weight of batch materials are added from a feed inlet 2-A, and 15 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight and 13 parts by weight of garbage fly ash are respectively added from a feed inlet 2-B1 and a feed inlet 2-B2.
The flue gas is rapidly cooled to 200 ℃ through a heat exchanger, and then the flue gas is purified to obtain the smoke dust. The dust contains 0.68% lead, and the lead recovery rate is 57.22%. Leaching the obtained smoke dust by soft water to obtain filtrate and filter residue, drying the filter residue, grinding the filter residue to 200 meshes, and adding the filter residue into a batch mixture, wherein the adding amount is 2wt%; after the filtrate is concentrated, caustic alkali is added to precipitate lead, and then crude salt is obtained through evaporation and crystallization.
Keeping stable melt with 1.2 +/-0.1 time of single slag discharge of a lead reduction furnace in a slag furnace, controlling the temperature in the slag furnace to be 1480 +/-25 ℃, enabling the viscosity of mineral wool melt at a slag outlet to be 0.3 +/-0.1 Pa.s, feeding the mineral wool melt into a four-roll centrifuge for fiber forming to obtain cotton fibers with the average diameter of 5.1 mu m, wherein a composition binder such as phenolic resin, a water repellent, dustproof oil and the like is applied in the fiber forming process. The leaching toxicity of the cotton fiber meets the limit value in 'hazardous waste identification Standard leaching toxicity identification' (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 3
A resource utilization method of lead smelting slag specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the dry basis weight parts, 32 parts of fly ash and 18 parts of talcum powder are pneumatically mixed to obtain a batch mixture; taking 30 parts of garbage fly ash for later use. Wherein the garbage fly ash is the grate furnace fly ash of a domestic garbage power plant; the fineness of the talcum powder is-200 meshes; the fineness of the fly ash is-200 meshes.
The side surface of the reaction furnace 1 is provided with a slag discharge port 1-1, the slag discharge port 1-1 is a round port with the diameter of 100mm, and the reaction furnace 1 is a lead reduction furnace. The chute is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet 3-1, the feed inlet is communicated with the slag discharge outlet 1-1, the cross section of the slag furnace 3 is rectangular, the discharge outlet 3-1 is communicated with the slag furnace 3, and the communication position of the discharge outlet 3-1 and the slag furnace 3 and the slag outlet are arranged at two sides of the short edge of the slag furnace 3. The chute 2 is U-shaped, the included angle alpha between the chute and the vertical direction is 85 degrees, the width B is 350mm, the height H is 600mm, and the depth of the internal melt is 190 +/-10 mm; the discharge opening 3-1 is horn-shaped, the length L1 of the discharge opening 3-1 is 0.6 times of the width of the slag furnace 3, the width L2 of the discharge opening 3-1 is half of the length L1, the bottom surface of the discharge opening 3-1 is obliquely arranged, and an included angle beta between the bottom surface of the discharge opening and the vertical direction is 45 degrees. The top of the discharge opening 3-1 is provided with 1 square charging opening 2-A with the side length of 450 mm; the top of chute 2 is equipped with 2 charge door 2-B1, charge door 2-B2 that distribute in proper order along length direction, and interval a = B = c, and charge door 2-B1, 2-B2 are square, and the length of a side is 150mm.
The hot-state lead smelting slag melt in the lead reduction furnace (reaction furnace 1) flows into the slag furnace through the chute 2, batch in a stokehold bin is quantitatively added from a feed inlet on the chute 2, is spread on the surface of the hot-state lead smelting slag melt and enters the slag furnace along with slag, and is smelted for 120min to obtain mineral wool melt and flue gas. The proportion of the lead smelting slag and the batch materials is automatically controlled, namely, the slag discharge amount is preset according to 35 parts by weight of lead smelting slag melt, 50 parts by weight of batch materials and 30 parts by weight of garbage fly ash, then the batch material amount is calculated, after the batch materials are weighed, the batch materials are quantitatively fed to a feed inlet on a chute by a spiral feeder, wherein 50 parts by weight of batch materials are added from a feed inlet 2-A, and 10 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight of garbage fly ash are respectively added from a feed inlet 2-B1 and a feed inlet 2-B2.
The flue gas is rapidly cooled to 200 ℃ through a heat exchanger, and then the flue gas is purified to obtain the smoke dust. The lead content in the dust is 1.04%, and the lead recovery rate is 56.24%. Leaching the obtained smoke dust by soft water to obtain filtrate and filter residue, drying the filter residue, grinding the filter residue to 200 meshes, and adding the filter residue into the batch mixture, wherein the adding amount is 0.5wt%; after the filtrate is concentrated, caustic alkali is added to precipitate lead, and then crude salt is obtained through evaporation and crystallization.
Keeping stable melt with 1.8 +/-0.1 time of single slag discharge amount of a lead reducing furnace in a slag furnace, controlling the temperature in the slag furnace to be 1520 +/-25 ℃, enabling the viscosity of mineral wool melt at a slag outlet to be 0.4 +/-0.1 Pa.s, feeding the mineral wool melt into a four-roller centrifuge, forming fibers, and obtaining cotton fibers with the average diameter of 5.2 mu m, wherein a composition binder such as phenolic resin, a water repellent, dustproof oil and the like is applied in the fiber forming process. The leaching toxicity of the cotton fiber meets the limit value in the hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 4
A resource utilization method of lead smelting slag specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the dry basis weight parts, 28 parts of fly ash, 12 parts of talcum powder and 8 parts of quartz powder are pneumatically mixed to obtain a batch mixture; taking 36 parts of garbage fly ash for later use. Wherein the garbage fly ash is the grate furnace fly ash of a domestic garbage power plant; the fineness of the talcum powder is-200 meshes; the fineness of the fly ash is-200 meshes; the fineness of the quartz powder is-300 meshes, and the quartz content is 99.0wt%.
The side surface of the reaction furnace 1 is provided with a slag discharge port 1-1, the slag discharge port 1-1 is a round port with the diameter of 100mm, and the reaction furnace 1 is a lead reduction furnace. The chute is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet 3-1, the feed inlet is communicated with the slag discharge outlet 1-1, the cross section of the slag furnace 3 is rectangular, the discharge outlet 3-1 is communicated with the slag furnace 3, and the communication position of the discharge outlet 3-1 and the slag furnace 3 and the slag outlet are arranged at two sides of the short edge of the slag furnace 3. The chute 2 is U-shaped, the included angle alpha between the chute and the vertical direction is 75 degrees, the width B is 400mm, the height H is 500mm, and the depth of the internal melt is 80 +/-10 mm; the discharge opening 3-1 is horn-shaped, the length L1 of the discharge opening 3-1 is 0.4 times of the width of the slag furnace 3, the width L2 of the discharge opening 3-1 is half of the length L1, the bottom surface of the discharge opening 3-1 is obliquely arranged, and an included angle beta between the bottom surface of the discharge opening and the vertical direction is 45 degrees. The top of the discharge opening 3-1 is provided with 1 charging opening 2-A with the diameter of 400 mm; the top of the chute 2 is provided with 2 feed inlets 2-B1 and 2-B2 which are sequentially distributed along the length direction, the distance a = B = c, and the diameters of the feed inlets 2-B1 and 2-B2 are both 200mm.
The hot-state lead smelting slag melt in the lead reduction furnace (reaction furnace 1) flows into the slag furnace through the chute 2, batch in the front bin of the furnace is quantitatively added from a feed inlet on the chute 2, is spread on the surface of the hot-state lead smelting slag melt and enters the slag furnace along with slag, and is smelted for 100min to obtain mineral wool melt and flue gas. The proportion of the lead smelting slag and the batch materials is automatically controlled, namely, the slag discharge amount is preset according to 31 parts by weight of lead smelting slag melt, 48 parts by weight of batch materials and 36 parts by weight of garbage fly ash, then the batch material amount is calculated, after the batch materials are weighed, the batch materials are quantitatively fed to a feed inlet on a chute by a spiral feeder, wherein 48 parts by weight of batch materials are added from a feed inlet 2-A, and 10 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight and 14 parts by weight of garbage fly ash are respectively added from a feed inlet 2-B1 and a feed inlet 2-B2.
The flue gas is quenched to 200 ℃ through a heat exchanger, and then the flue gas is purified to obtain the smoke dust. The lead content in the smoke dust is 0.82 percent, and the lead recovery rate is 59.65 percent. Leaching the obtained smoke dust by soft water to obtain filtrate and filter residue, drying the filter residue, grinding the filter residue to 200 meshes, and adding the filter residue into the batch mixture, wherein the adding amount is 1.0wt%; after the filtrate is concentrated, caustic alkali is added to precipitate lead, and the crude salt is obtained through evaporation and crystallization.
Keeping stable melt with 1.8 +/-0.1 time of single slag discharge amount of a lead reducing furnace in a slag furnace, controlling the temperature in the slag furnace to be 1500 +/-25 ℃, enabling the viscosity of mineral wool melt at a slag outlet to be 0.4 +/-0.1 Pa.s, feeding the mineral wool melt into a four-roller centrifuge, forming fibers, and obtaining cotton fibers with the average diameter of 5.4 mu m, wherein a composition binder such as phenolic resin, a water repellent, dustproof oil and the like is applied in the fiber forming process. The leaching toxicity of the cotton fiber meets the limit value in the hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
The above examples are set forth so that this disclosure will be understood in all instances to be considered illustrative and not restrictive, and that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be devised by those skilled in the art after reading this disclosure and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A resource utilization method of smelting slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, inputting a smelting slag melt to be processed into a slag furnace through a chute; simultaneously, adding the garbage fly ash and the batch materials into the chute, so that the garbage fly ash and the batch materials flow into a slag furnace along with the smelting slag melt, and smelting to obtain a mineral wool melt and smoke;
wherein the batch comprises CaO, mgO and SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 One or more of the above;
s2, fiberizing the mineral wool melt to obtain cotton fibers.
2. The resource utilization method according to claim 1, wherein the smelting slag is lead smelting slag; the batch comprises, by dry weight, 27-32 parts of fly ash, 12-18 parts of talcum powder, 0-8 parts of quartz powder and 0-2 parts of reducing agent.
3. The resource utilization method according to claim 2, wherein SiO is contained in the lead smelting slag 2 Is 25-30wt% of Al 2 O 3 8-12wt% of Fe 2 O 3 30-40wt%, caO 10-15wt%, mgO 0-5wt%, and Na 2 O and K 2 The sum of the contents of O is less than or equal to 5 weight percent, and the content of Pb is less than or equal to 2 weight percent.
4. The resource utilization method according to claim 2, wherein the garbage fly ash contains 45-50wt% of CaO, 20-28wt% of chlorine, and Fe 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 5wt% of Na 2 O and K 2 The total content of O is less than or equal to 12wt%; among the components of the fly ash, siO 2 Is 48-55wt% of Al 2 O 3 24-30 wt.% of Fe 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 6wt% of Na 2 O and K 2 The total content of O is less than or equal to 6wt%; in the talcum powder, siO 2 The content is 48-54wt%, and the MgO content is 25-30wt%; in the quartz powder, siO 2 The content of (b) is more than or equal to 98wt%.
5. The resource utilization method according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas is subjected to dust collection treatment to obtain soot; then, carrying out water leaching on the soot to obtain filter residue and lead-containing filtrate; and returning filter residues to the S1, and adding the filter residues into the batch.
6. The resource utilization method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the lead smelting slag melt, the garbage fly ash and the batch materials is 30-35.
7. The resource utilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of charging openings are formed in the top of the chute, and are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the chute; seen along the flowing direction of the smelting slag melt in the chute, adding the garbage fly ash through the front 1-5 feed ports, and adding the batch materials through the rear 1-3 feed ports; preferably, the plurality of charging openings are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the chute in sequence.
8. The resource utilization method according to claim 7, wherein the chute comprises a groove body, one end of the groove body is provided with a feed inlet, the other end of the groove body is provided with a discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is communicated with the slag furnace; the discharge port is horn-shaped, the bottom surface of the discharge port is arranged in an inclined way, and the included angle beta between the discharge port and the vertical direction is 20-50 degrees; preferably, the angle alpha between the groove body and the vertical direction is 70-85 degrees.
9. The resource utilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in S1, the melting time is 60 to 120min.
10. The resource utilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in S1, the batch materials are uniformly scattered on the surface of the molten slag melt in the chute.
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| US6698245B1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2004-03-02 | Rockwool International A/S | Production of vitreous fibres using high halogen mineral waste as an ingredient |
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| CN107055588A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 昆山宇顺环保科技有限公司 | A kind of melting recycling processing method of incineration of refuse flyash |
| CN112979151A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 | Resourceful treatment method for fly ash coupling metallurgical waste residues |
| CN113774227A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting treatment method of incineration fly ash |
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2022
- 2022-09-30 CN CN202211213226.0A patent/CN115838247A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6698245B1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2004-03-02 | Rockwool International A/S | Production of vitreous fibres using high halogen mineral waste as an ingredient |
| CN103145342A (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2013-06-12 | 宝钢矿棉科技（宁波）有限公司 | Steel hot molten slag mineral cotton and its making method |
| CN107055588A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 昆山宇顺环保科技有限公司 | A kind of melting recycling processing method of incineration of refuse flyash |
| CN112979151A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 | Resourceful treatment method for fly ash coupling metallurgical waste residues |
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