CN115833051A - Method and device for quickly switching corridor bus - Google Patents
Method and device for quickly switching corridor bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN115833051A CN115833051A CN202211465043.8A CN202211465043A CN115833051A CN 115833051 A CN115833051 A CN 115833051A CN 202211465043 A CN202211465043 A CN 202211465043A CN 115833051 A CN115833051 A CN 115833051A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for quickly switching a passageway bus, wherein the device comprises a high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch passageway bus and a switch mounting bracket, the switch mounting bracket is fixedly mounted at a short circuit port of the passageway bus, two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches are fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket, and the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches are connected in parallel on the passageway bus. The invention greatly reduces the power failure operation time, avoids the concern and hidden danger of the coagulation bath caused by long-time power failure, and thoroughly eliminates the hidden danger of splashing electric arc caused by manual operation. In addition, the invention can rapidly input/cut off the aisle bus, thereby realizing the cutting off/input of partial work areas, not only being better suitable for various extreme production conditions, but also providing technical support for the future flexible production of the aluminum electrolysis workshop, and achieving the purpose of safe, efficient and automatic production of the aluminum electrolysis workshop.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for quickly switching a passageway bus, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum.
Background
The electrolytic cell is the main equipment of the aluminum plant, an electrolytic series generally comprises 200 to 372 electrolytic cells 8 which are connected in series and divided into a plurality of work areas, the series current is provided by a rectifying station 7, the rectifying station 7 is a current source, namely, the current flows out from a positive bus of the rectifying station 7, passes through the whole electrolytic plant 9 and finally flows back to a negative bus of the rectifying station 7, and the principle is shown in figure 1. In order to carry out stage starting or load shedding under emergency, a corridor bus is arranged under the middle corridor during design, and the corridor bus is in an electrical disconnection state under normal conditions. In emergency, the corridor bus is put into and connected, and part of the work area far away from the rectification station can be cut off in a short circuit mode, so that the normal production of the aluminum electrolytic cell in the rest work area is maintained.
The conventional means of throwing in/cutting off the aisle bus bar 5 is a short-circuiting port 10, as shown in fig. 2; the short-circuiting port 10 is arranged in the middle of the aisle bus bar 5. Such short-circuiting device is generally composed of an aluminum soft strip 3, an aluminum plate 4 and a bolt 11 (as shown in fig. 3), when it is necessary to cut off the disconnection passageway bus bar 5, an insulating plate is inserted on the contact surface of the aluminum plate 7 and the passageway bus bar 5 to form an electrical open circuit; otherwise, the insulating plate is removed to form an electrical path, and the aisle bus is put into the aisle. The process is completely operated manually, and comprises the following steps: full power outage → manual bolt removal and removal/addition of insulation plates → manual bolt tightening → restoration of full power supply. Although this process is simple, it has the following significant drawbacks due to the whole manual operation:
1. the power failure time is long, and the whole switching process needs at least two hours (the time is even longer when the disassembly is not good), which obviously is very unfavorable for the aluminum electrolysis production. The industry tradition generally holds that the power failure time of the whole series of aluminum electrolysis plants does not exceed 2 hours, namely the time of a life forbidden zone of an aluminum electrolysis cell;
2. the manual closing/opening of the short circuit port has the hidden trouble of poor electric contact, and can overheat part of the short circuit port and even cause the electric arc to burn personnel and equipment. Such as: in 2012, electrolytic aluminum series in a certain plant, a second corridor passageway bus and a short circuit port of a certain bus cause sudden arc discharge and burning loss due to infirm compression joint, a compression joint surface explodes, so that the bus collapses, and finally the whole series of power failure. The total series of 222 aluminum electrolysis cells are only rescued to 16 cells, and the rest 206 cells are forced to be abandoned due to overlong power failure time, overlow melt temperature in the cells and shrinking electrolyte, so that the loss is hundreds of millions and disastrous.
If the manual operation method in the aisle bus bar feeding/cutting process cannot be fundamentally changed, the two defects cannot be radically treated.
In recent years, many improved ways of short-circuit ports of aisle buses have been proposed by technicians at home and abroad, for example, chinese patent application with the application number of "200810302092.3" and invented and created "a method for short-circuiting or disconnecting aisle buses and a connection structure", chinese utility model patent with the application number of "200520200814.6" and invented and created "detachable and reusable aisle buses", and chinese utility model patent with the application number of "200720201665.4" and invented and created "aisle bus structure", etc., the technical solutions disclosed in the above patents are still manual operation, and do not fundamentally solve the problem. The Chinese patent application with the application number of '201310523752.1' and the invention creation name of 'a method for closing an aisle bus bar' refers to electric operation, but the parallel discharge switch is added instead of the aisle bus bar switch.
At present and in the visible future, the mode of mechanically and automatically switching on and off the electric circuit is not an electric switch. However, the difficulty lies in that series direct current adopted in the existing aluminum electrolysis plant has the characteristics of low voltage (less than 2000V, relative to the power industry) and large current (200-600 kA), the rated current of a circuit breaker, a contactor, a load switch and the like in an electrical switch is 2-4 kA at the maximum, and the use requirement can not be met (even if the current of a single bus is limited to 80-100 kA after parallel operation), which is also the main reason that the aluminum electrolysis industry still adopts the manual operation of a short circuit port.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the serious safety defects of the existing 'aluminum soft belt + short circuit port' structure and manual operation and a large number of aluminum electrolytic cell coagulation/cell stop accidents caused by overlong power failure operation time, the invention provides a method and a device for rapidly switching an aisle bus.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a device for quickly switching a passageway bus comprises a high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch passageway bus and a switch mounting bracket, wherein the switch mounting bracket is fixedly mounted at a short circuit port of the passageway bus, two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches are fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket, and the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches are connected on the passageway bus in parallel.
Furthermore, a large-current direct-current bus type isolating switch is fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket and is connected in series on the aisle bus.
Furthermore, a transition plate is fixedly connected to the power inlet and outlet bus of the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch, an aluminum soft belt is fixedly connected to the copper-aluminum transition plate, an aluminum plate is fixedly connected to the end portion of the passageway bus, and the aluminum soft belt is fixedly connected with the aluminum plate.
Furthermore, an arc extinguishing device is arranged on the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch.
Furthermore, the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches are installed in an up-and-down overlapping mode, and the distance between the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches is not smaller than 200mm.
The invention also provides a method for quickly switching the aisle bus, which comprises the steps of firstly fixedly installing a switch installation bracket at the short-circuit port of the aisle bus, then fixedly installing two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches on the switch installation bracket, enabling the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches to be connected in parallel on the aisle bus, enabling the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches to be opened and closed in a mechanical electric control mode, and meanwhile installing an arc extinguishing device on the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches to ensure that an opening/closing loop does not splash electric arcs under low load.
In the method, when the rated current of the high-current DC bus type isolating switch exceeds the load I of a single aisle bus s When the voltage is 1.2 times, a high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch is connected in series on the aisle bus.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that: the invention greatly reduces the power failure operation time, avoids the concern and hidden danger of the coagulation bath caused by long-time power failure, and thoroughly eliminates the hidden danger of splashing electric arc caused by manual operation. In addition, the invention can rapidly input/cut off the aisle bus, thereby realizing the cutting off/input of partial work areas, not only being better suitable for various extreme production conditions, but also providing technical support for the future flexible production of the aluminum electrolysis workshop, and achieving the purpose of safe, efficient and automatic production of the aluminum electrolysis workshop.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional aluminum electrolysis plant configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional aluminum electrolysis plant aisle bus bar configuration (6 aluminum bus bars are taken as an example set);
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit port on a conventional aisle bus;
FIG. 4 is a top view of one or more embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view from the direction A of the first embodiment in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a view from direction A of the second embodiment in FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an arrangement structure of the arc extinguishing device.
Description of reference numerals: 1-large current DC bus type isolating switch, 2-copper aluminum transition plate, 3-aluminum soft belt, 4-aluminum plate, 5-aisle bus and 6-switch mounting bracket.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The following results are obtained through multiple tests and calculation analysis: in the conventional power distribution system, the isolating switch used as a distribution corner is a feasible choice of a direct current high-current system such as an aluminum electrolysis plant, because the isolating switch has the following characteristics: 1) A clear closure/opening indication; 2) The remote automatic operation can be realized; 3) Has special bus-type switch and has larger rated current (reaching 40-63 kA or even larger). The heavy-current direct-current bus type isolating switch provided by the invention for the first time can well meet the requirement of a short-circuit bus (multi-switch parallel load sharing + series current power failure operation), and can realize the purpose of mechanized, automated and rapid aisle bus switching/cutting operation. The disadvantage of the relatively weak arc extinguishing capability of the isolating switch is not unacceptable for the aluminum electrolysis system, because the aluminum electrolysis series does not need to open/close a loop under the condition of full load, and all operations are carried out under the condition of short-time power failure of the series. Wherein, the high-current DC bus type isolating switch 1 in the first embodiment can adopt a high-current DC bus type isolating switch HD6II type 40-63 kA capacity product which can be produced by most domestic manufacturers (such as the Western-ampere high-voltage switch factory, shanghai power transmission and distribution equipment company and the like) or a Germany RITTER 40-80 kA switch; the second embodiment requires a large-capacity dc bus type isolator 1, such as: HD19L type 100-400 kA switch of Xian Jinxu electromechanical equipment Limited company, HD29LL type 120-400 kA switch of Shaanxi electric and electric company or 100-440 kA type of RITTER of Germany.
Example one
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the device for quickly switching the aisle bus comprises a large-current direct-current bus type isolating switch 1, an aisle bus 5 and a switch mounting bracket 6, wherein the switch mounting bracket 6 is fixedly mounted at a short circuit port of the aisle bus 5, two large-current direct-current bus type isolating switches 1 are fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket 6, and the two large-current direct-current bus type isolating switches 1 are connected in parallel on the aisle bus 5. Fixedly connected with copper aluminium crosses cab apron 2 on big current DC bus-bar formula isolator 1's the business turn over electric mother board, fixedly connected with aluminium soft area 3 on copper aluminium crosses cab apron 2, the tip fixedly connected with aluminum plate 4 of passageway generating line 5, aluminium soft area 3 and aluminum plate 4 fixed connection. And an arc extinguishing device 7 is arranged on the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch 1. As shown in fig. 7, the arc extinguishing device 7 is an auxiliary arc extinguishing facility matched with the high-current dc bus type isolating switch 1, is a conventional device in the prior art, is configured beside a static contact 8 or a moving contact 9 of the high-current dc bus type isolating switch 1, and is used for limiting and assisting in extinguishing an arc when the arc is generated between the static contact and the moving contact. The two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches 1 are arranged in an up-down overlapping mode, and the distance between the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches is 240mm.
The working principle of the device for quickly switching the aisle bus is as follows:
firstly, a switch mounting bracket 6 is fixedly mounted at a short-circuit port of an aisle bus bar 5, then two large-current direct-current bus bar type isolating switches 1 are fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket 6, the two large-current direct-current bus bar type isolating switches 1 are connected on the aisle bus bar 5 in parallel, the opening and closing of the large-current direct-current bus bar type isolating switches 1 are mechanically and electrically controlled, meanwhile, an arc extinguishing device is mounted on the large-current direct-current bus bar type isolating switches 1, and the fact that an opening/closing loop does not splash electric arcs under low load is guaranteed. The mechanical electric control can be a spring operating mechanism, an electromagnetic operating mechanism, a pneumatic operating mechanism, an electric operating mechanism and the like.
The configuration of connecting two high-current dc bus type disconnectors 1 in parallel on the aisle bus 5 is because: the current of the existing aluminum electrolysis workshop series is higher than 200-660 kA, even if a plurality of buses are adopted for the aisle buses 5 in parallel, the current of each aisle bus 5 also reaches 80-100 kA or even higher, the rated current maximum capacity of the existing high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch 1 is only 63kA, and therefore each aisle bus 5 needs to be operated in parallel by 2 high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches 1. For ensuring electrical reliability, the rated current I of each heavy-current DC bus type isolating switch 1 e With connected single bus load I s The relationship of (a) should be: i is e ＝k×I s And N is the number of the switches connected in parallel on a single bus, wherein the electrical safety coefficient k is selected to be 1.2-1.5, and the electrical safety coefficient k is selected to be a larger value as much as possible.
Example two
When the rated current of the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch 1 exceeds the load I of a single aisle bus 5 s 1.2 times of the total weight of the bus bar, a high-current direct-current bus bar type isolating switch 1 is connected in series on the aisle bus bar 5.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the device for quickly switching the aisle bus comprises a large-current dc bus type isolation switch 1, an aisle bus 5 and a switch mounting bracket 6, wherein the switch mounting bracket 6 is fixedly mounted at a short circuit port of the aisle bus 5, the large-current dc bus type isolation switch 1 is fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket 6, and the large-current dc bus type isolation switch 1 is connected in series on the aisle bus 5. Fixedly connected with copper aluminium crosses cab apron 2 on big current DC bus-bar formula isolator 1's the business turn over electric mother board, fixedly connected with aluminium soft area 3 on copper aluminium crosses cab apron 2, the tip fixedly connected with aluminum plate 4 of passageway generating line 5, aluminium soft area 3 and aluminum plate 4 fixed connection. And an arc extinguishing device is arranged on the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch 1.
In conclusion, because the manual operation of the short-circuit time can be completely avoided, and the one-man-mouth operation time is calculated as 2 hours, about 200 ten thousand RMB can be saved by one-time automatic operation for an aluminum electrolysis plant producing 500kt/a annually, and the safety risk of the conventional short-circuit device is greatly reduced. And if the traditional short-circuit device can not finish the operation in a short time to cause the series of groove stop, which can cause hundreds of millions of yuan of economic loss, the invention can completely avoid the risk of the series of groove stop.
The invention can be applied to the quick input/cut-off of the short-circuit bus in the aluminum electrolysis workshop, and also can be applied to the adjacent industries of chemical industry, metallurgy, nonferrous metal, carbon and the like which adopt large-current direct current power supply, and the quick and safe input/cut-off of the power supply bus is realized under the condition of no load.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a device of quick switching of passageway generating line, includes heavy current direct current generating line formula isolator (1) passageway generating line (5) and switch mounting bracket (6), its characterized in that: a switch mounting bracket (6) is fixedly mounted at a short circuit port of the passageway bus (5), two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1) are fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket (6), and the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1) are connected in parallel on the passageway bus (5).
2. The device for rapid switching of the aisle bus according to claim 1, characterized in that: a high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch (1) is fixedly mounted on the switch mounting support (6), and the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch (1) is connected in series on the passageway bus (5).
3. The device for rapid switching of the aisle buses as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: transition board (2) is crossed to fixedly connected with copper aluminium on female arranging of the business turn over of heavy current direct current generating line formula isolator (1), fixedly connected with aluminium soft area (3) on transition board (2) is crossed to copper aluminium, tip fixedly connected with aluminum plate (4) of passageway generating line (5), aluminium soft area (3) and aluminum plate (4) fixed connection.
4. The device for rapid switching of the aisle buses as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and an arc extinguishing device (7) is arranged on the high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch (1).
5. The device for rapid switching of the aisle bus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1) are arranged in an up-down overlapping mode, and the distance between the two high-current direct-current bus type isolating switches is not less than 200mm.
6. A method for quickly switching a passageway bus is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, a switch mounting bracket (6) is fixedly mounted at a short circuit port of an aisle bus (5), then two large-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1) are fixedly mounted on the switch mounting bracket (6), the two large-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1) are connected in parallel on the aisle bus (5), the opening and closing of the large-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1) are mechanically and electrically controlled, meanwhile, an arc extinguishing device is mounted on the large-current direct-current bus type isolating switches (1), and the fact that an opening/closing loop does not splash electric arcs under low load is guaranteed.
7. The method for rapid switching of aisle buses according to claim 6, characterized in that: when the rated current of the high-current DC bus type isolating switch (1) exceeds a single passageBus load I s When the voltage is 1.2 times of the voltage, a high-current direct-current bus type isolating switch (1) is connected in series on the aisle bus (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211465043.8A CN115833051A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Method and device for quickly switching corridor bus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211465043.8A CN115833051A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Method and device for quickly switching corridor bus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115833051A true CN115833051A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211465043.8A Pending CN115833051A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Method and device for quickly switching corridor bus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115833051A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-22 CN CN202211465043.8A patent/CN115833051A/en active Pending
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