CN115832841A - Device and method for generating efficient mid-infrared vortex laser - Google Patents
Device and method for generating efficient mid-infrared vortex laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN115832841A CN115832841A CN202211564781.8A CN202211564781A CN115832841A CN 115832841 A CN115832841 A CN 115832841A CN 202211564781 A CN202211564781 A CN 202211564781A CN 115832841 A CN115832841 A CN 115832841A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for generating high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser, which select a semiconductor laser pumping source with 976nm of first pumping light and select a semiconductor laser pumping source with 1660nm of second pumping light, shape the first pumping light into annular pumping light, and then enter an Er-doped cavity mirror through a first resonant cavity mirror 3+ Laser medium, and shaping the second pump light into annular pump light, which enters the Er-doped laser through the second resonant cavity mirror 3+ The laser medium adopts a technical scheme of combining dual-wavelength pumping and annular pumping, effectively reduces the number of energy level particles under mid-infrared 2.8 mu m laser, obtains high-efficiency mid-infrared 2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser output, and solves the technical bottleneck of low conversion efficiency of the prior mid-infrared vortex laser.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a laser device and method, and more particularly, to a device and method for generating efficient mid-infrared vortex laser.
Background
The mid-infrared 2.8 mu m laser is positioned in a water strong absorption band and is positioned in an atmospheric window, has important application value and prospect in the fields of laser medical treatment, infrared tracking, photoelectric countermeasure, laser radar, optical remote sensing detection and the like, and is one of coherent light sources which are urgently needed to be developed at present. The vortex light beam is a light beam with an equal phase surface in spiral distribution, carries orbital angular momentum along the light beam propagation direction, and shows remarkable application potential in the fields of quantum information, optical communication, optical manipulation, nonlinear optics, quantum entanglement and the like.
Among the numerous 2.8 μm active ions (e.g., er) 3+ 、Ho 3+ 、Dy 3+ Etc.), er 3+ The laser technology is the most mature and widely applied. But Er is currently doped 3+ The maximum continuous output power of the all-solid-state laser is only 10.14W, and ten years are spent on jumping from watt level to ten watt level, so that the development of the 2.8 μm laser is slower. This is due to Er 3+ The interval between the upper energy level and the lower energy level of the 2.8 mu m laser is smaller, multi-phonon relaxation is easy to occur, the upper energy level particles are transferred to the lower energy level of the laser by taking phonons as media, the output efficiency of the laser is reduced, and the heat effect of the laser crystal is aggravated. In addition, the serious thermal effect caused by the high quantum defect of the 2.8 μm laser easily causes adverse factors such as laser beam deterioration and crystal cracking, and further limits the laser output power and efficiency. The annular pump is considered as an effective mode for obtaining high-quality vortex optical rotation, does not need an additional intracavity mode selection element and a specially-made output coupling mirror, has the advantages of compact structure, small intracavity loss, high damage threshold and the like, and is favorable for obtaining high-efficiency vortex laser output.
Because the development of the 2.8 mu m laser technology is delayed, and the research on the vortex solid-state laser technology is relatively late, the research on the vortex solid-state laser technology in the mid-infrared band is less at present. How to efficiently and conveniently generate the 2.8 mu m vortex laser with high efficiency is still an important scientific problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser, comprising:
the first pump light is a 976nm semiconductor laser pump source;
the first annular shaping piece is arranged behind the optical path of the first pump light and is used for shaping the first pump light into annular pump light;
the first resonant cavity mirror is arranged behind the optical path of the first annular shaping piece;
the annular pump light output by the first annular shaping piece enters the laser medium through the first resonant cavity mirror;
the second pump light is a 1660nm semiconductor laser pump source;
the second annular shaping piece is arranged behind the optical path of the second pump light and is used for shaping the second pump light into annular pump light;
the second resonant cavity mirror is arranged behind the optical path of the second annular shaping piece, and the annular pump light output by the second annular shaping piece enters the laser medium through the second resonant cavity mirror;
a resonator output mirror;
the first resonant cavity mirror, the second resonant cavity mirror and the resonant cavity output mirror form a laser resonant cavity, the first pumping light outputs annular pumping light after passing through the first annular shaping piece and then enters the laser medium through the first resonant cavity mirror, meanwhile, the second pumping light outputs annular pumping light after passing through the second annular shaping piece and then enters the laser medium through the second resonant cavity mirror and finally is output by the resonant cavity output mirror.
Further, the first ring-shaped shaping element includes a first collimating lens, a first hollow plane mirror, and a first focusing lens.
Further, the first hollow plane mirror is disposed at 45 °.
Further, the second ring-shaped shaping element comprises a second collimating lens, a second hollow plane mirror and a second focusing lens.
Further, the second hollow plane mirror is disposed at 45 °.
Further, the first ring-shaped shaping element comprises a third focusing lens, a first hollow optical fiber, a third collimating lens and a fourth focusing lens.
Further, the second ring-shaped shaping element comprises a fifth focusing lens, a second hollow fiber, a fourth collimating lens and a sixth focusing lens.
Further, the laser medium is Er-doped 3+ And two ends of the crystal are plated with antireflection films of laser with the wavelength of 976nm, 1660nm and 2.8 mu m.
Furthermore, the laser resonant cavity is L-shaped.
Further, the resonator output mirror is coated with a partially transmissive film for 2.8 μm laser light.
The invention also provides a method for generating the high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a first pump light and a second pump light;
s2: shaping the first pump light into annular pump light, then entering the laser medium through the first resonant cavity mirror, and simultaneously shaping the second pump light into annular pump light, and then entering the laser medium through the second resonant cavity mirror;
s3: the output mirror of the resonant cavity outputs laser;
in step S1, the first pump light is 976nm semiconductor laser pump source, and the second pump light is 1660nm semiconductor laser pump source.
The device and the method for generating the high-efficiency intermediate infrared vortex laser provided by the invention are characterized in that a semiconductor laser pumping source with 976nm of first pumping light is selected, a semiconductor laser pumping source with 1660nm of second pumping light is selected, and the first pumping light is shaped into annular pumping light and enters the Er-doped semiconductor laser pumping source through a first resonant cavity mirror 3+ Laser medium, and shaping the second pump light into annular pump light, which enters the Er-doped laser through the second resonant cavity mirror 3+ The laser medium adopts the technical scheme of combining the dual-wavelength pumping and the annular pumping, effectively reduces the number of particles of the lower energy level of the mid-infrared 2.8 mu m laser, obtains the high-efficiency mid-infrared 2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser output, and solves the technical bottleneck of low conversion efficiency of the prior mid-infrared vortex laser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is Er 3+ A schematic diagram of energy levels;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for generating a high efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an apparatus for generating a high efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an apparatus for generating a high efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser in accordance with the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1 first pump light 2 first annular shaping element 3 first resonant cavity mirror
4 laser medium 5 second resonant cavity mirror 6 second ring-shaped shaping piece
7 second pump light 8 resonant cavity output mirror 2.1 first collimating lens
2.2 first hollow plane mirror 2.21 first hollow plane mirror cross section
2.3 first focusing lens 2.4 third focusing lens 2.5 first hollow optic fiber
2.6 third collimating lens 2.7 fourth focusing lens 6.1 second collimating lens
6.2 second hollow plane mirror 6.21 second hollow plane mirror cross section
6.3 second focusing lens 6.4 fifth focusing lens 6.5 second hollow optical fiber
6.6 fourth collimating lens 6.7 sixth focusing lens.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 1, er in FIG. 1 3+ Energy level diagram, it can be seen that 2.8 μm laser light is generated at an energy level 4 I 11/2 To energy level 4 I 13/2 First pump light 1 pumps the particles from the ground state 4 I 15/2 Pumping to laser upper energy level 4 I 11/2 The wavelength of the second pump light 7 is 4 I 13/2 Excited state absorption peak of energy level, lowering energy level of laser 4 I 13/2 The particles being pumped to 4 I 9/2 Energy level. Due to the fact that 4 I 9/2 The energy level lifetime is short (about 50 ns) and the particles will relax rapidly to 4 I 11/2 Energy level.
Hair brushReferring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for generating high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser according to the present invention, and mainly includes a first pump light 1, a first ring-shaped shaping element 2, a first resonant cavity mirror 3, a laser medium 4, a second pump light 7, a second ring-shaped shaping element 6, a second resonant cavity mirror 5, and a resonant cavity output mirror 8; the first pump light 1 is a 976nm semiconductor laser pump source; the first annular shaping element 2 is arranged behind the optical path of the first pump light 1 and shapes the first pump light 1 into annular pump light; the first resonator cavity mirror 3 is arranged behind the optical path of the first annular shaping piece 2; the annular pump light output by the first annular shaping piece 2 enters the laser medium 4 through the first resonant cavity mirror 3; the second pump light 7 is a 1660nm semiconductor laser pump source; the second annular shaping piece 6 is arranged behind the optical path of the second pump light 7 and shapes the second pump light 7 into annular pump light; the second resonant cavity mirror 5 is arranged behind the optical path of the second annular shaping piece 6, and the annular pump light output by the second annular shaping piece 6 enters the laser medium 4 through the second resonant cavity mirror 5; wherein, the first resonant cavity mirror 3, the second resonant cavity mirror 5 and the output mirror 8 of the resonant cavity form a laser resonant cavity, the laser resonant cavity is L-shaped, can also be designed as V-shaped or Z-shaped, the laser resonant cavity plays the role of oscillation and mode selection for 2.8 μm vortex laser, the output mirror 8 of the resonant cavity is plated with a partial transmission film of the 2.8 μm laser, wherein, the laser medium 4 is Er-doped 3+ The two ends of the sesquioxide or fluoride crystal are plated with antireflection films of 976nm, 1660nm and 2.8 mu m lasers, the first hollow plane reflector 2.2 reflects the first pump light 1 with the central wavelength of 976nm to obtain hollow annular pump light, the hollow annular pump light can inhibit oscillation of a fundamental mode Gaussian beam in a laser resonant cavity and has better mode matching with vortex laser, so that high-quality high-order vortex laser output is obtained, the second hollow plane reflector 6.21 reflects the second pump light 7 with the central wavelength of 1660nm to obtain hollow annular pump light, the hollow annular pump light is shaped and then injected into a laser medium 4, and the size of a light spot is maximally coincided with the shaped 976nm annular pump light and forms better mode matching with the vortex laser; can excite the energy level at the same time 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 9/2 The energy level transition of the medium infrared vortex laser effectively reduces the number of particles at the lower energy level of 2.8 mu m laser, and increases the number of particles at the upper energy level of 2.8 mu m laser through radiationless transition, thereby realizing the output of the medium infrared vortex laser with higher efficiency. Compared with the traditional pumping mode, the invention can effectively reduce the stay time of the particles under the laser energy level, more easily realize the inversion of the number of laser particles of 2.8 mu m, reduce the pumping threshold value and more effectively convert the inverted particles into the intermediate infrared laser for output; the waste heat generated by radiationless transition in the laser emission process is reduced, thereby breaking through the technical bottlenecks of high loss and serious thermal effect of the current 2.8 mu m solid laser quantum.
To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, a first embodiment is now provided, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an apparatus for generating a high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser according to the present invention, wherein a first annular shaping member 2 includes a first collimating lens 2.1, a first hollow plane mirror 2.2 and a first focusing lens 2.3, the first hollow plane mirror 2.2 is disposed at 45 °, and 2.21 is a cross section of the first hollow plane mirror; the second ring-shaped shaping element 6 comprises a second collimating lens 6.1, a second hollow plane mirror 6.2 and a second focusing lens 6.3, the second hollow plane mirror is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, and 6.21 is the cross section of the second hollow plane mirror. The method comprises the following specific steps: the first pump light 1 is a semiconductor laser pump source with a central wavelength of 976nm, the central wavelength of which is in an absorption peak of a laser medium 4, and is coupled into the laser medium 4 through a first collimating lens 2.1 and a first hollow plane reflector 2.2, and a first focusing lens 2.3, wherein the laser medium 4 is Er-doped 3+ The two ends of the sesquioxide or fluoride crystal are plated with antireflection films of 976nm, 1660nm and 2.8 mu m lasers, the second pump light 7 is a 1660nm semiconductor laser pump source, the central wavelength of the second pump light is also positioned in an absorption peak of a laser medium 4, the second pump light 7 passes through a second collimating lens 6.1 and a second hollow plane reflector 6.2 to obtain annular pump light, and the annular pump light obtained by shaping the second pump light 7 can enable the lower energy level of the 2.8 mu m laser to be lower than that of the 2.8 mu m laser 4 I 13/2 Reducing the number of particles and feeding them back to the upper laser level 4 I 11/2 This will facilitate achieving population inversion of 2.8 μm lasers, achieving low2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser with threshold value and high efficiency is output, annular pumping light obtained by shaping second pumping light 7 is coupled into a laser medium 4 by a second focusing lens 6.3 and forms common excitation with the annular pumping light of the first pumping light 1 by overlapping as much as possible, a laser resonant cavity is formed by the first resonant cavity mirror 3, the second resonant cavity mirror 5 and a resonant cavity output mirror 8, the laser resonant cavity is L-shaped, the laser resonant cavity plays roles of oscillation and mode selection on 2.8 mu m vortex laser, wherein the first resonant cavity mirror 3 is plated with a high-transmission film of the first pumping light 1 with the wavelength of 976nm and a high-reflection film of the laser 2.8 mu m, the second resonant cavity mirror 5 is plated with a high-transmission film of the second pumping light 7 with the wavelength of 1660nm and a high-reflection film of the laser 2.8 mu m, the resonant cavity output mirror 8 is plated with a partial transmission film of the laser 2.8 mu m, and the dual-wavelength pumping technology is adopted to effectively reduce the lower energy level of the laser 2.8 mu m (laser) 4 I 13/2 ) While increasing the upper laser energy level of 2.8 μm 4 I 11/2 ) The population number of the particles is easy to realize the particle number reversal of the intermediate infrared laser, and the high-order transverse mode laser obtains high gain by combining the annular pumping technology, thereby obtaining the high-efficiency 2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser.
In order to obtain vortex laser with different orders, the vortex laser can be realized by changing the ratio of the inner radius and the outer radius of the annular pump beam and the cavity type of the laser resonant cavity. Wherein, changing the inner and outer radiuses of the 976nm annular pump beam can be realized by changing the distance among the first collimating lens 2.1, the first hollow plane reflector 2.2 and the first focusing lens 2.3; changing the inner and outer radii of the 1660nm annular pump beam can be realized by changing the distances among the second collimating lens 6.1, the second hollow plane mirror 6.2 and the second focusing lens 6.3. The cavity type of the resonant cavity can be changed by adjusting the curvature radius and the distance of the first resonant cavity mirror 3, the second resonant cavity mirror 5 and the resonant cavity output mirror 8.
The present invention further provides a second embodiment, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an apparatus for generating a high efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser according to the present invention, wherein the first annular shaping member 2 comprises a third focusing lens 2.4, a first middle focusing lensAn empty fiber 2.5, a third collimating lens 2.6 and a fourth focusing lens 2.7. The second ring-shaped shaping member 6 comprises a fifth focusing lens 6.4, a second hollow optical fiber 6.5, a fourth collimating lens 6.6 and a sixth focusing lens 6.7, the first pump light 1 is a semiconductor laser pumping source with a central wavelength of 976nm, the central wavelength of the semiconductor laser pumping source is in an absorption peak of the laser medium 4, the first pump light 1 is focused to the first hollow optical fiber 2.5 through the third focusing lens 2.4 to generate ring-shaped pump light, and is coupled to the laser medium 4 through the third collimating lens 2.6 and the fourth focusing lens 2.7, and the laser medium 4 is Er-doped 3+ The two ends of the sesquioxide or fluoride crystal are plated with antireflection films of 976nm, 1660nm and 2.8 μm lasers, the second pump light 7 is a semiconductor laser pumping source with the center wavelength of 1660nm, the center wavelength of the second pump light is also positioned in an absorption peak of the laser medium 4, the second pump light 7 is focused to the second hollow optical fiber 6.5 through the fifth focusing lens 6.4 to generate annular pump light, then enters from the other end of the laser medium 4 through the fourth collimating lens 6.6 and the sixth focusing lens 6.7 and is overlapped with the annular pump light generated by the first pump light 1 as much as possible to form common excitation, the first resonant cavity mirror 3, the second resonant cavity mirror 5 and the output mirror 8 of the resonant cavity form a laser resonant cavity, the laser resonant cavity is L-shaped, and can also be designed as V-shaped or Z-shaped, the laser resonant cavity plays a role in oscillating and selecting 2.8 μm vortex laser, wherein, the first resonant cavity mirror 3 is plated with a high-transmission film of the first pump light 1 with the wavelength of 976nm and a high-reflection film of the laser 2.8 μm, the second resonant cavity mirror 5 is plated with a high-transmission film of the second pump light 7 with the wavelength of 1660nm and a high-reflection film of the laser 2.8 μm, the output mirror 8 of the resonant cavity is plated with a partial-transmission film of the laser 2.8 μm, and the lower energy level of the laser 2.8 μm (lower energy level) (the lower energy level of the laser 2.8 μm) is effectively reduced by adopting a dual-wavelength pumping technology 4 I 13/2 ) While increasing the upper laser energy level of 2.8 μm 4 I 11/2 ) The population number of the particles is easy to realize the population number reversal of the mid-infrared laser, and the high-order transverse mode laser obtains high gain by combining the annular pumping technology, so that the high-efficiency 2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser is obtained.
The invention also provides a method for generating the high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a first pump light and a second pump light;
s2: shaping the first pump light into annular pump light, then entering the laser medium through the first resonant cavity mirror, and simultaneously shaping the second pump light into annular pump light, and then entering the laser medium through the second resonant cavity mirror;
s3: the output mirror of the resonant cavity outputs laser;
in step S1, the first pump light is 976nm semiconductor laser pump source, the second pump light is 1660nm semiconductor laser pump source, and the laser medium is Er-doped 3+ The two ends of the sesquioxide or fluoride crystal are respectively plated with an antireflection film of 976nm, 1660nm and 2.8 mu m laser, and the technical scheme of combining dual-wavelength pumping and annular pumping is adopted, so that the number of particles at the lower energy level of the mid-infrared 2.8 mu m laser is effectively reduced, high-efficiency mid-infrared 2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser output is obtained, and the technical bottleneck that the conversion efficiency of the existing mid-infrared vortex laser is low is solved.
The device and the method for generating the high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser provided by the invention are characterized in that a semiconductor laser pumping source with 976nm of first pumping light is selected, a semiconductor laser pumping source with 1660nm of second pumping light is selected, and the first pumping light is shaped into annular pumping light and enters an Er-doped semiconductor laser pumping source through a first resonant cavity mirror 3+ Laser medium, and shaping the second pump light into annular pump light, which enters the Er-doped laser through the second resonant cavity mirror 3+ The laser medium adopts a technical scheme of combining dual-wavelength pumping and annular pumping, effectively reduces the number of energy level particles under mid-infrared 2.8 mu m laser, obtains high-efficiency mid-infrared 2.8 mu m continuous vortex laser output, and solves the technical bottleneck of low conversion efficiency of the prior mid-infrared vortex laser.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims (11)
1. An apparatus for generating a high efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser, comprising:
the first pump light is a 976nm semiconductor laser pump source;
the first annular shaping piece is arranged behind the optical path of the first pump light and is used for shaping the first pump light into annular pump light;
the first resonant cavity mirror is arranged behind the optical path of the first annular shaping piece;
the annular pump light output by the first annular shaping piece enters the laser medium through the first resonant cavity mirror;
the second pump light is a 1660nm semiconductor laser pump source;
the second annular shaping piece is arranged behind the optical path of the second pump light and is used for shaping the second pump light into annular pump light;
the second resonant cavity mirror is arranged behind the optical path of the second annular shaping piece, and the annular pump light output by the second annular shaping piece enters the laser medium through the second resonant cavity mirror;
a resonant cavity output mirror;
the first resonant cavity mirror, the second resonant cavity mirror and the resonant cavity output mirror form a laser resonant cavity, the first pumping light outputs annular pumping light after passing through the first annular shaping piece and then enters the laser medium through the first resonant cavity mirror, meanwhile, the second pumping light outputs annular pumping light after passing through the second annular shaping piece and then enters the laser medium through the second resonant cavity mirror and finally is output by the resonant cavity output mirror.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first annular shaping member comprises a first collimating lens, a first hollow planar mirror, and a first focusing lens.
3. An apparatus for generating a highly efficient mid-infrared vortex laser as claimed in claim 2 wherein the first hollow planar mirror is disposed at 45 °.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second annular shaping member comprises a second collimating lens, a second hollow plane mirror, and a second focusing lens.
5. An apparatus for generating a highly efficient mid-infrared vortex laser as claimed in claim 4 wherein the second hollow planar mirror is disposed at 45 °.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first ring-shaped shaping element comprises a third focusing lens, a first hollow fiber, a third collimating lens, and a fourth focusing lens.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second ring-shaped shaping element comprises a fifth focusing lens, a second hollow fiber, a fourth collimating lens, and a sixth focusing lens.
8. The device for generating highly efficient mid-infrared vortex laser according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the laser medium is Er-doped 3+ And two ends of the crystal are plated with antireflection films of laser with the wavelength of 976nm, 1660nm and 2.8 mu m.
9. An apparatus for generating highly efficient mid-infrared vortex lasers according to any of claims 1-7 and characterized in that the laser cavity is L-shaped.
10. An apparatus for generating high efficiency mid-infrared vortex lasers according to claim 1 and wherein the resonator output mirror is coated with a partially transmissive film of 2.8 μm laser light.
11. A method for generating high-efficiency mid-infrared vortex laser is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a first pump light and a second pump light;
s2: shaping the first pump light into annular pump light, then enabling the annular pump light to enter a laser medium through a first resonant cavity mirror, and simultaneously shaping the second pump light into annular pump light, and then enabling the annular pump light to enter the laser medium through a second resonant cavity mirror;
s3: the output mirror of the resonant cavity outputs laser;
in step S1, the first pump light is 976nm and the second pump light is 1660 nm.
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| CN202211564781.8A CN115832841A (en) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Device and method for generating efficient mid-infrared vortex laser |
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| CN202211564781.8A CN115832841A (en) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Device and method for generating efficient mid-infrared vortex laser |
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