CN115830802A - Emergency monitor for geological disaster quick response and application method thereof - Google Patents
Emergency monitor for geological disaster quick response and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an emergency monitor for quick response of geological disasters, which comprises an installation base, wherein a support frame is installed above the installation base, a bearing plate is fixed at the top of the support frame, a bearing box is also installed on the bearing plate, a monitoring head is installed on the bearing box, a guide plate is fixedly installed in a frame of the support frame, a guide cylinder is arranged at the front end of the surface of the guide plate, a vertical plate with a penetrating hole is arranged at the tail part of the guide plate, a steel column with a conical structure at the head end penetrates through the guide cylinder, a spring column is installed at the rear end of the steel column, the rear end of the spring column penetrates through the penetrating hole in the vertical plate, a pushing plate is fixed at the head end of the spring column, a spring is sleeved on the spring column between the pushing plate and the vertical plate, the pushing plate pushes against the tail end of the steel column, and a displacement sensor is installed on the steel column and is electrically connected with the monitoring head. The geological surface is remotely monitored by the monitoring camera on the monitoring head; and the geological change condition is researched and judged according to the depth change data of the steel column.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an emergency monitor for quick response of geological disasters and an application method thereof, belonging to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control.
Background
Geological disasters are natural disasters mainly caused by geological dynamic activities or abnormal changes of geological environments. Under the action of the internal power, the external power or the artificial geological power, the earth generates abnormal energy release, material movement, deformation and displacement of rock and soil bodies, abnormal change of the environment and the like, and the phenomena or processes of harming human lives and properties, living and economic activities or destroying resources and environments on which human beings live and develop are generated. Common geological disasters such as collapse, landslide, debris flow, ground cracks, ground settlement, ground collapse, rock burst, water burst in tunnels, mud burst, gas burst, spontaneous combustion of coal seams, loess collapsibility, rock-soil expansion, sandy soil liquefaction, land freeze-thaw, water and soil loss, land desertification and swampiness, soil salinization, earthquake, volcano, geothermal damage and the like. The invention mainly focuses on geological disasters such as collapse, landslide, debris flow, water inrush from tunnels, mud inrush and the like.
As is well known, the influence factors of landslide debris flow are complex, and learners consider the influence factors to be the long-term effect of natural factors and human factors, wherein geology, landform, soil and the like are the intrinsic material bases, precipitation is the external main power, and long-term unreasonable land is the main promotion factor for stimulating landslide debris flow generation (the generation and control of landslide debris flow in the guizhou karst mountain area, zhu Anguo and the like).
Although irresistible natural factors exist in a geological disaster event, the problems that disaster prevention and reduction management awareness is weak, active support of scientific technology is insufficient, and disasters cannot be timely relieved, reduced and prevented still exist (the scientific and technological support for geological disaster emergency response, liu Chuanzheng, and the hydraulic ring forum). The students propose to improve the emergency rescue capacity for the sudden geological disaster by using the technology of the internet of things in the geological disaster emergency rescue system. The scheme mainly includes that a special network for geological disaster monitoring is built through Internet of things technology integration, cloud computing and wireless communication according to requirements of geological disaster emergency services, a large number of sensors can be collected at various disaster-prone points in the special network, meanwhile, a professional collection instrument is used for collecting various geological environment data in real time, data transmission work is conducted on the special network, all collected data and information are concentrated to geological disaster emergency centers at all levels, and data processing work is conducted by a center platform, so that all-weather emergency command is achieved (application research of the Internet of things technology in emergency response of sudden geological disasters, peng Yingjie, first surveying and mapping institute of Guizhou province, architectural engineering technology and design, 1 month in 2018).
However, in order to realize rapid response to sudden geological disasters through advanced technologies such as the internet of things and big data, it is a precondition that sufficient monitoring data can be obtained. Obtaining these monitoring data typically requires a significant amount of field investigation by the explorationist. Therefore, how to quickly obtain geological disaster monitoring data is an important basic task.
In the prior art, some patent documents propose inventive concepts. For example, an invention patent with publication number CN111815910a applied by the Chongqing three gorges institute discloses a geological disaster early warning and monitoring device, as shown in fig. 13, which comprises a communication base station installed in a geological disaster early warning and monitoring area, wherein a wireless network bridge connected with an operator network is arranged in the communication base station, and the wireless network bridge is in communication connection with a communication module; the communication module is provided with a communication end seat connected with an external monitoring device and is connected to the camera device through the communication end seat; the communication base station for receiving data in a centralized manner is installed in a geological disaster early warning monitoring area, a wireless network bridge of the communication base station is accessed to an operator network, data monitored by the monitoring device is transmitted to the wireless network bridge of the communication base station in a wireless manner through a communication module, real-time feedback of the monitoring data of the monitoring device is achieved, a user can conveniently obtain the monitoring data to analyze the geological disaster possibility, and real-time early warning of geological disasters is achieved (as shown in figure 1). The technical scheme solves the problem of real-time automatic wireless interaction of monitoring data, and realizes real-time early warning of geological disasters.
In addition, the invention patent (publication number is CN 108010276A) applied by the university of electronic science and technology discloses landslide monitoring and early warning equipment and an early warning method based on a pseudo GPS, wherein the equipment comprises a landslide monitoring reference station, a landslide monitoring station and a pseudo GPS station, the landslide monitoring reference station is arranged at a stable and uniform mountain top, and the pseudo GPS station and the landslide monitoring station are both arranged on a slope body with a landslide suspicion; the pseudo GPS stations are not arranged in the same plane to form a three-dimensional space; the landslide monitoring system comprises a landslide monitoring reference station, a landslide monitoring station and a pseudo GPS station, wherein the landslide monitoring reference station, the landslide monitoring station and the pseudo GPS station are communicated with each other by adopting a ZigBee technology. The equipment is used for landslide early warning, and GPS satellite imitation is used for short-distance information transmission, so that the equipment has a real-time communication function, and the communication is real-time and effective; the information transmission of the equipment is in the same space, and the information transmission is hardly interfered by the outside, so that the accuracy of the information transmission of the equipment is high. The scheme mainly solves the anti-interference problem of data transmission.
The invention patent (publication number is CN 109165780A) applied by the Chinese geological university (Wuhan) discloses a method, equipment and storage equipment for partitioning landslide monitoring points based on a block chain frame. The device comprises a block chain frame-based landslide monitoring point partition device and a storage device, and is used for realizing a block chain frame-based landslide monitoring point partition method. According to the scheme, the regions with the same or similar motion are taken as a whole, the motion rules of different regions are comprehensively considered, and the defects are avoided from being researched by replacing points and being generalized. The landslide monitoring points are partitioned, so that the landslide overall motion deformation can be completely described, and meanwhile, the landslide local motion deformation information can be well reserved.
The above prior art provides a feasible technical scheme for the problems of wireless transmission, interference resistance, monitoring point partition and the like of geological disaster monitoring data. However, in geological disaster monitoring, there is also a fundamental work, namely acquisition of monitoring data. In order to obtain geological disaster monitoring data in a large scale, monitors need to be distributed in a geological disaster frequent region in a large density. Large monitoring instruments are not suitable for being arranged in a large range, so that development and research of portable instruments are necessary. In addition, in order to solve the problem of quick response of the whole geological disaster, the problems of convenience in mounting and dismounting of the monitoring instrument, adaptation to different terrains and the like need to be considered emphatically.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an emergency monitor for quick response of geological disasters and an application method thereof. The method overcomes the defects of the prior art, and is used for solving the problems of monitoring and responding to common geological disasters such as landslide, debris flow, tunnel water inrush and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an emergent monitor that geological disasters quick response adopted, which comprises a mounting base, the braced frame of Contraband form shape is installed to the mounting base top, the braced frame top is fixed with the loading board, still install on the loading board and bear the box, bear and install the monitoring head on the box, fixed mounting has the deflector that link up its front and back open-ended in the frame of braced frame, the surface front end of deflector is provided with the guide cylinder, the afterbody of deflector is provided with the riser that has the hole of wearing, the steel column that the head end is the awl structure penetrates in the guide cylinder, the spring post is installed to the rear end of steel column, the hole of wearing on the riser is passed to spring post rear end, the head end of spring post is fixed with the kickboard, the spring has been cup jointed on the spring post between kickboard and the riser, the kickboard supports the tail end of steel column, install displacement sensor on the steel column, displacement sensor and control head electric connection.
In the emergency monitor for quick response of geological disasters, a groove is formed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting base, an electric cylinder is mounted in the groove, and a push rod of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the supporting frame; a plurality of guide rods are uniformly and vertically arranged on the periphery of the mounting base, and the upper ends of the guide rods penetrate through guide holes formed in the bearing plate; and mounting holes are formed in four corners of the mounting base.
In the aforesaid emergency monitor that geological disasters quick response adopted, the left and right both ends of deflector respectively are equipped with 1 connecting block, and the lower extreme stretches into the screw hole that is equipped with on the carriage after passing the connecting block for the post of inserting of helicitic texture to be in the same place deflector and carriage fixed connection.
In the emergency monitor for quick response of geological disasters, the guide plate surface is provided with the sliding groove along the length of the guide plate, the sliding groove extends into the guide cylinder, and the bottom of the pushing plate is provided with the sliding block and is clamped into the sliding groove.
In the emergency monitor for quick response to geological disasters, the tail end of the spring column is provided with the baffle, and the back of the baffle is provided with the pull ring.
Among the aforesaid emergency monitor that geological disasters quick response adopted, each offside of carriage top left and right both sides is provided with 1 connecting plate, and 2 connecting plates form 1U type fixture block structure, and the loading board supports structurally at this U type fixture block, and the hand wheel passes and stretches into in the screw hole to the loading board side behind the round hole of connecting plate side to fix the loading board.
In the emergent monitor that aforesaid geological disasters quick response adopted, bear the left and right both sides offside of the surperficial front end of box, right side both sides offside is provided with 2 restriction posts, it rotates on the bearing box at rear between 2 restriction posts and installs 1 and bears the box base, it is provided with 1 pole that comes and goes that is located between 2 restriction posts on the bearing box base outer wall, the monitoring head is installed on bearing the box base, still install the surveillance camera head on it, it is provided with the foundation column to bear box base bottom, the foundation column stretches into to the commentaries on classics hole that is equipped with on the loading board after passing bearing the box, fixed cover has been connected with the fixed disk on the foundation column, the tooth's socket has evenly been seted up on the lateral wall of fixed disk, this tooth's socket meshes with the sawtooth on the fluted disc, the fluted disc is fixed in the pivot of small motor, small motor also installs on bearing the box, small motor and outside PLC programmable logic controller electric connection.
In the emergency monitor for quick response to geological disasters, the bearing box is provided with the protective cover of Contraband-shaped structure, and the protective cover covers the monitoring head and the small motor; a clamping groove is formed in the surface of the bearing box base, and the monitoring head is fixed in the clamping groove.
In the emergency monitor for rapid response of geological disasters, a frame groove is formed in the middle position of the surface of the bearing plate, the bearing box is clamped into the frame groove, and heat dissipation holes are densely distributed in the surface of the bearing plate in the frame groove.
An application method of emergency monitors for quick response of geological disasters comprises the steps of dividing a possible geological disaster area into a plurality of areas, installing a certain number of emergency monitors in each area, enabling a steel column of each emergency monitor to be inserted into soil or rock strata of the place where the steel column is located, enabling the insertion depth of the steel column to change under the action of a spring mechanism when the soil or rock strata are loosened, enabling a sensor on each emergency monitor to detect the change of the insertion depth of the steel column and send data to a control center computer through a monitoring head, enabling the control center computer to summarize and arrange the data signals according to the areas after collecting the data signals, judging whether the data changes sent by most emergency monitors in a certain area have a consistency rule or not, researching out the possibility of geological disasters in the areas, carrying out risk classification according to the data change degree, enabling the control center computer to count the areas reaching a set risk level and send out disaster alarms to a disaster command center, and enabling the geological command center to make quick response according to the geological alarms computed by the control center.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the overall concept of the invention is that geological disaster prevention and control sub-areas are divided, a plurality of emergency monitors with wireless communication functions are distributed in each sub-area, the emergency monitors realize unique identification through the internet of things technology, so that real-time geological change information acquired by the emergency monitors can be timely transmitted to a control center computer in a wireless communication mode, the control center computer is used for researching and judging the possibility of geological disaster occurrence of a certain sub-area or a plurality of sub-areas and sending out early warning through analog calculation and comparison with analog cases in a database, and a geological disaster command department can manually combine information such as local weather and the like according to the judgment result of the control center computer, consider whether emergency plans need to be adopted for the occurrence of the geological disaster or not, and can also carry out on-site investigation on the possible sub-areas through a manual review method, acquire forecast information of the occurrence of the geological disaster at the first time, and provide time for people evacuation, property protection and the like.
Therefore, the innovation point of the invention is to provide an emergency monitor, which is characterized in that after a steel column is inserted into a mountain through a long cone-shaped measuring structure at the rear end of the steel column, the size data of the steel column extending into the mountain is monitored in real time through a sensor, and then the size data is converted into a wireless signal through a controller arranged in a monitoring head and is output outwards. Because before geological disasters such as landslide mud-rock flow take place, often there is the condition that geology is not hard up to make the long cone shape of the device measure the structure and stretch into the size of stratum under the effect of the propulsion power that lasts and change, and this kind of change is once caught by the sensor of the device, just can go out change data transmission in advance, what be prepared tests and monitors geological disasters such as massif landslide. In addition, the change of the geological surface can be observed in real time through a monitoring camera on the monitoring head, and the warning signs of dangerous cases can be found in time.
In addition, the invention provides some designs for the specific structure of the device, firstly to enable it to be convenient to install and operate, and secondly to allow for adaptability in a variety of geological situations. The device rotates the ann and injects the screw hole of carriage through the lower extreme of inserting the post earlier in the through connection piece then, can fix the deflector and prevent removing, otherwise, when inserting the post and extracting from the screw hole of carriage, the part on the whole deflector just can all take off, rotate when hand wheel through connection board round hole department and install in the screw hole of loading board, fix the loading board, otherwise, as long as take out two rotatory screw holes from the loading board of hand wheel, just can take off the loading board and the part above it, all make things convenient for after taking off deflector and loading board and carry, it is lighter when carrying after the part is split like this, and the part is all fixed connection inconvenient carrying together.
On the other hand, in the device, top through electronic jar is pasted with the bottom of carriage, use electronic jar can be the carriage rebound, when electronic jar upper end shrink downwards, the carriage also can automatic lapse, the monitoring head is in the in-process of using, according to the height of massif landslide, use electronic jar height-adjusting carriage from top to bottom, thereby just also adjusted the height of monitoring head, when preparing to adjust the angle of monitoring head, the rotatory while drive fixed disk rotation of fluted disc when opening the micro-machine, the bearing box base of upper end also can follow the rotation when the fixed disk is rotatory, when the pole touches the restriction post of controlling both ends about round trip, the monitoring head will follow the horizontal hunting, its long-range monitoring camera who takes certainly just can carry out real-time supervision to the massif landslide of different angles, emergent monitor not only can adjust highly can also the rotation adjustment angle like this, enlarge the monitoring to massif landslide. Small motors generally use batteries as a power source sufficient for their operation. Considering that the monitor may be operated for long periods of time and that the monitoring head also requires a continuous source of power, a solar panel may be provided on the device as a back-up power supply. And because the device is installed in the field highland for a long time, the solar energy can be used as a power supply, and the feasibility is realized.
In summary, the present invention mainly achieves two objectives: firstly, remotely monitoring the geological surface by a monitoring camera capable of adjusting the swing angle and the height on a remotely controlled monitoring head; secondly, the geological change condition is researched and judged by a remote computer by means of the internet of things technology and the wireless communication technology through the depth change data of the steel column inserted into the rock stratum or the map layer. In addition, the invention also emphatically solves some problems of the device in the aspects of installation, adjustment, disassembly and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a base of a carrying box and a small-sized motor;
FIG. 5 is a partially disassembled structure of the carrier plate and the carrier box;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the support frame and the guide plate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a half-section of a portion of the pilot web;
FIG. 8 is a partially disassembled view of the support frame and the carrier plate;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the emergency monitor;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an emergency monitor mounting arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a first schematic diagram of the partitioning of a geological disaster area and the deployment of emergency monitors according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram II of the partitioning of geological disaster areas and the deployment of emergency monitors according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the prior art.
Reference numerals: 1-mounting base, 101-electric cylinder, 102-guide rod, 103-mounting hole, 2-support frame, 201-connecting plate, 202-handwheel, 3-guide plate, 301-sliding groove, 302-guide cylinder, 303-connecting block, 304-inserting column, 305-vertical plate, 306-spring column, 307-pushing plate, 308-sliding block, 309-steel column, 4-bearing plate, 401-heat dissipation hole, 402-guide hole, 403-rotating hole, 5-bearing box, 501-limiting column, 502-annular groove, 503-bearing box base, 504-reciprocating rod, 505-bottom column, 506-fixed disk, 507-monitoring head, 508-protective cover, 6-small motor, 601-fluted disc, 602-retaining ring, 7-emergency monitor, 8-base seat, 9-mountain body, 10-geological disaster monitoring base station, 11-control center computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: an emergency monitor for quick response to geological disasters, as shown in fig. 1, has a cone-shaped front end of a steel column 309, and when the head end of the steel column 309 is inserted into soil or rock strata, a spring sleeved on a spring column 306 gives a continuous propelling force so that the steel column 309 can be inserted inwards continuously when the resistance of the soil or rock strata to the steel column is reduced. The constant propulsion force may be provided by a strong spring device, in view of implementation cost. The electric propulsion device can be adopted under the condition that the condition allows, and the energy source can be supplemented in a solar charging mode. Of course, the apparatus necessarily includes a mounting base 1, the mounting base 1 may be provided with a base seat 8 obtained by concrete casting, and the mounting base 1 is stably mounted on the base seat 8 as shown in fig. 10. It can be seen that the emergency monitor 7 of the present invention is installed by casting a base foundation 8 of concrete structure at a predetermined installation position, and an embedded part can be provided on the base foundation 8 for installing the emergency monitor 7 on the base foundation 8 by means of bolts or the like, so as to facilitate the rapid installation and removal of the emergency monitor 7.
Of course, in actual engineering, it is necessary to select a suitable place for arranging the device according to the landform and the landscape of the mountain, and it is preferable to facilitate the place for pouring the base foundation 8, and if there is no pouring condition, it is also conceivable to use the prefabricated base foundation 8 to be fixed on the firm rock body by means of drilling anchoring or the like. It is also contemplated under some conditions to remove the base foundation 8 and mount the mounting base 1 directly on the bedrock of the mountain 9.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the middle of the top end of the mounting base 1 is provided with a groove, in view of the convenience of height adjustment of the device, the groove at the top end of the mounting base 1 is provided with the electric cylinder 101, the top end of the electric cylinder 101 is attached to the bottom of the supporting frame 2, the supporting frame 2 can be moved upwards by using the electric cylinder 101, when the upper end of the electric cylinder 101 is contracted downwards, the supporting frame 2 can automatically slide downwards, and the height of the supporting frame 2 can be adjusted up and down by using the electric cylinder 101 according to the height of a mountain landslide in the using process of the monitoring head 507, so that the height of the monitoring head 507 is also adjusted. Of course, can also change electronic jar 101 into electric putter, electric putter can also save the fund than electronic jar 101 is cheaper, use electronic jar 101 can be 2 rebound to the carriage, when electronic jar 101's upper end shrink downwards, carriage 2 also can be automatic downward slip, monitoring head 507 is at the in-process that uses, according to the height of massif landslide, use electronic jar 101 height of adjusting carriage 2 from top to bottom, thereby the height of monitoring head 507 has also been adjusted, make things convenient for monitoring head 507 to the real-time supervision of massif landslide.
The left end and the right end of the surface of the mounting base 1 are respectively fixedly provided with the guide rods 102 which are symmetrical to each other, the guide rods 102 penetrate through the guide holes 402 of the bearing plate 4, and the design of the guide rods 102 ensures that the supporting frame 2 can only move up and down singly without deflection. Four corners of the bottom of the mounting base 1 are provided with mounting holes 103 for connecting the mounting holes with exposed bolt heads on embedded parts on the base 8, so that the mounting base 1 can be fixed conveniently.
The upper end of the top end of the mounting base 1 is provided with a Contraband-shaped supporting frame 2, the bottom of the inner cavity of the supporting frame 2 is provided with two penetrating threaded holes, the supporting frame 2 mainly forms the mounting base of the guide device, and a platform is provided for mounting the guide plate 3. The supporting frame 2 is Contraband, that is, the three sides are closed and the open side is located at the upper part, the bottom side and the left and right sides are both provided with baffle structures, and the front end and the rear end are communicated, which can be seen from the figure. The structure ensures that the guide plate 3 can only have displacement along the directions of the front end and the rear end, thereby playing a good limiting role. The support frame 2 further comprises a connection plate 201 and a handwheel 202, the connection plate 201 and the handwheel 202 are mainly used for mounting with the bearing plate 4 above, which will be explained in detail in the following part.
As can be seen from FIG. 8, the top end of the support frame 2 is provided with the bearing plate 4, and the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the support frame 2 is provided with the guide plate 3. In order to install the bearing plate 4, both ends are fixed mounting respectively at the left and right sides of the upper end of the carriage 2 have the connecting plate 201 of L column structure, the round hole that runs through is seted up respectively to the curb plate that two connecting plates 201 stretched out upwards, the round hole punishment of two connecting plates 201 rotates respectively and has inserted hand wheel 202, hand wheel 202 runs through the screw hole that rotates when connecting plate 201 round hole department and stretches into to bearing plate 4, fix bearing plate 4, otherwise, as long as take out two rotatory screw holes from bearing plate 4 of hand wheel 202, just can take off bearing plate 4 and the part above, bearing plate 4 takes off and makes things convenient for in carrying.
The guide plate 3 is an important part of the present invention, and mainly includes a sliding groove 301, a guide cylinder 302, a connecting block 303, an inserting column 304, a vertical plate 305, a spring column 306, a pushing plate 307, a sliding block 308, and a steel column 309.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a sliding groove 301 is formed in the middle of the surface of the guide plate 3, a guide cylinder 302 with an arc-shaped structure is fixedly mounted at the front end of the top end of the guide plate 3, the sliding groove 301 and the guide cylinder 302 are arranged in the same direction, and center lines of the sliding groove 301 and the guide cylinder 302 are located on the same vertical section. The left side of deflector 3, equal fixed mounting has connecting block 303 on the lateral wall of the right side, and the round hole that runs through is seted up at the middle part of connecting block 303, the round hole punishment of two connecting block 303 do not installs the post 304 of inserting that runs through, the lower extreme of inserting post 304 is the screw thread column structure, 3 tail end fixed mounting of deflector has riser 305, and the round hole that runs through is seted up at the middle part of riser 305, the round hole department of riser 305 ann has inserted the spring post 306 that runs through, and the cover has powerful spring on the annular lateral wall of spring post 306, the tail end fixed mounting of spring post 306 has the baffle, and fixed mounting has the pull ring on the lateral wall of baffle.
The lower end of the insertion column 304 penetrates through the connecting block 303 first and then is rotatably inserted into the threaded hole of the support frame 2 to fix the guide plate 3 to prevent movement, otherwise, when the insertion column 304 is pulled out of the threaded hole of the support frame 2, all parts on the guide plate 3 can be taken down. The guide plate 3 and the bearing plate 4 are both removed for convenient carrying, and the design mainly considers the convenience of the device installation and disassembly. Because the number of the devices to be arranged is large once the devices are implemented, the rapid installation and disassembly is beneficial to providing the construction progress, and the implementation labor cost is reduced.
As can be seen from fig. 6 and 8, a frame groove is formed at the top end of the bearing plate 4, and the bearing box 5 is fixedly installed at the frame groove of the bearing plate 4; threaded holes are formed in the two side walls of the bearing plate 4; the middle part (in the frame groove) of the bearing plate 4 is uniformly provided with through heat dissipation holes 401; two ends of the bearing plate 4 are respectively provided with guide holes 402 which are symmetrical to each other; the left end of the top end of the bearing plate 4 is provided with a rotating hole 403, and the lowest end of a bottom column 505 at the bottom of the bearing box base 503 is rotatably installed in the rotating hole 403.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1-3, in consideration of remote real-time monitoring of geological change conditions, a monitoring camera (not shown in the figures) can be arranged on the monitoring head 507, so that when the soft change of the geology is monitored through the steel column 309, the change of the geological surface can be remotely monitored through the monitoring camera, and unfavorable precursors such as cracks can be found in time.
In order to realize the remote monitoring of the monitoring camera on the change of the geological surface, two through round holes are formed in the bearing box 5, and the through small motor 6 is installed at the upper end of the round hole at the right end of the bearing box 5. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the monitor head 507 is carried by a carrying case 5, the monitor head 507 is provided with a remote monitor camera, and a controller having a remote communication function is provided. The front end of the surface of the bearing box 5 is fixedly provided with symmetrical limiting columns 501, the left end of the surface of the bearing box 5 is provided with an annular groove 502, the annular groove 502 is rotatably provided with a bearing box base 503, the top end of the bearing box base 503 is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping groove of the bearing box base 503 is clamped with a monitoring head 507, the outer wall of the bearing box base 503 is fixedly provided with a reciprocating rod 504, the middle part of the bottom surface of the bearing box base 503 is fixedly provided with a vertically downward bottom column 505, the lower end of the bottom column 505 is fixedly provided with a fixed disc 506, the annular side wall of the fixed disc 506 is uniformly provided with tooth grooves, the tooth grooves of the fixed disc 506 are meshed with saw teeth on a fluted disc 601 of the small motor 6, the fixed disc 506 and the fluted disc 601 are arranged in an inner cavity of the bearing box 5 in a penetrating manner, and the influence on the normal operation of the fixed disc 506 and the fluted disc 601 due to the fact that external sundries touch the fixed disc 506 and the fluted disc 601 is avoided.
In addition, in consideration of the heat dissipation problem of the device, the heat generated when the fixed disk 506 and the toothed disk 601 rotate is dissipated downward from the heat dissipation holes 401 of the carrier plate 4. The top end of the bearing box 5 is fixedly provided with a protective cover 508 with Contraband-shaped structure, the protective cover 508 is arranged for protecting the monitoring head 507, the monitoring head 507 is prevented from being wetted by rainwater, and the connection part of the electric wire is also short-circuited due to the contact of the rainwater.
As shown in fig. 4, a gear plate 601 is fixedly mounted at the rotating shaft of the small motor 6, a baffle ring 602 is mounted at the lower end of the rotating shaft of the small motor 6 to limit the gear plate 601, the small motor 6 is electrically connected with an external PLC programmable controller, and the PLC programmable controller can control the small motor 6 to rotate forward and backward.
In the invention, when monitoring is to be carried out on a mountain landslide, the fluted disc 601 rotates and simultaneously drives the fixed disc 506 to rotate when the small motor 6 is opened, the bearing box base 503 at the upper end of the fixed disc 506 also rotates along with the rotation, the monitoring head 507 swings left and right, when the reciprocating rod 504 touches the limiting columns 501 at the left end and the right end, the small motor 6 cannot rotate continuously, and at the moment, the small motor can rotate reversely, thereby adjusting the angle of the monitoring camera on the monitoring head 507.
When the firmness of the landslide is monitored, the monitoring head 507 is over against the forward landslide, when a pull ring is grasped to pull the pull ring forwards, the push plate 307 on the spring column 306 slides forwards, the steel column 309 is placed in the guide cylinder 302, the rear end of the steel column 309 is tightly attached to the front end of the push plate 307, after the pull ring is loosened, the strong spring on the spring column 306 can push the push plate 307 forwards instantly, the steel column 309 can be launched forwards, the front end of the steel column 309 can be inserted into the landslide, due to the action of the strong spring, the front end of the steel column 309 obtains a continuous propelling force, when the ground quality shakes or loosens, the front end of the steel column 309 can be continuously inserted forwards under the action of the propelling force, and at the moment, the displacement sensor can timely feed back to the controller in the monitoring head 507, so that the landslide can be monitored in real time by the monitoring head 507, and a wireless signal is sent outwards through a wireless signal sending module arranged in the controller of the monitoring head 507. When the steel column 309 is inserted into a deep landslide, it is described that the landslide soil is soft and the protection is paid attention to, whereas when the steel column 309 is inserted into a shallow landslide, it is described that the landslide soil is firm, the front end of the spring column 306 is fixedly provided with the push plate 307, the lower end of the push plate 307 is fixedly provided with the slide block 308, the slide block 308 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 301, the push plate 307 is tightly attached to the steel column 309, and the front end of the steel column 309 is in a conical structure. The change in the insertion depth of the front end of the steel column 309 records the geological change of the mountain 9 in real time.
When the emergency monitor system is arranged, as shown in fig. 11, the area where a geological disaster may occur is divided into 3 districts, namely a district a, a district B and a district C, wherein 8 emergency monitors 7 are installed in the district a, 5 emergency monitors 7 are installed in the district B, and 5 emergency monitors 7 are installed in the district C. The installation density and the adjacent distance of the emergency monitors 7 are determined according to the geological condition of the area, and in areas with complicated and variable geological conditions, the installation density of the emergency monitors 7 should be correspondingly increased. Each emergency monitor 7 is internally provided with a wireless signal transmitter for transmitting a wireless signal to a wireless signal receiver of the geological disaster monitoring base station 10, and the geological disaster monitoring base station 10 is connected with a control center computer 11 arranged in a geological disaster command center or an administrative department in a wired or wireless connection manner and uploads received wireless data to the control center computer 11 in time.
In fig. 12, the geological disaster monitoring base station 10 may be eliminated such that the emergency monitor 7 of each plot sends a wireless signal directly to the control center computer 11. Because the emergency monitor 7 of each sector is assigned with a unique identification code, the control center computer 11 can quickly classify and sort the received data according to the divided sectors and codes. In the above idea, it needs to be realized by means of the existing internet of things technology.
The emergency monitor 7 of the present invention is installed at a set density in an area where a geological disaster may occur, and the emergency monitor 7 is provided with a steel column 309 for inserting into soil or rock formation, and the steel column 309 is provided with a spring mechanism so that it has a pressure to continuously extend into the soil or rock formation. The change of the insertion depth of the steel column 309 in the soil or rock stratum is monitored through a sensor, converted into a data signal and remotely transmitted to the control center computer 11. The control center computer 11 finds out the consistency rule of the data transmitted from the emergency monitor 7 of a certain area in a set time point through data comparison, and researches and judges the possibility of geological disaster of the area.
Thus, the geological disaster emergency response method at least comprises the following main steps, and possibly other important steps:
dividing a possible geological disaster area into a plurality of areas, installing a certain number of emergency monitors 7 in each area, wherein each emergency monitor 7 is endowed with a unique identification code, inserting a steel column 309 of each emergency monitor 7 into soil or rock stratum of the place where the steel column is located, when the soil or rock stratum is loosened, the insertion depth of the steel column 309 is changed under the action of a spring mechanism, a sensor on each emergency monitor 7 detects the change of the insertion depth of the steel column 309 and sends data to a control center computer 11 through a monitoring head 507, after the control center computer 11 collects data signals, carrying out induction and sorting according to the areas, judging whether the data change sent by most emergency monitors 7 in a certain area has a consistency rule or not, the control center computer 11 researches and judges the possibility of geological disaster occurring in the area, carries out risk classification according to the data change degree, the control center computer 11 counts the areas reaching a set risk level and sends disaster alarms to a geological disaster command center, and the geological command center calculates geological disaster alarms sent by the geological disaster alarm 11 according to the geological control center to make quick response.
Certainly, when a certain emergency monitor 7 fails, for example, the steel column 309 falls off or the whole device is unstable, because the spring mechanism cannot continuously apply a continuous pressure to the steel column 309, the steel column 309 will fall off outwards, which results in that the depth of the steel column inserted into the soil or rock stratum is reduced, and then the control center computer 11 can determine that the emergency monitor 7 fails after receiving the signal, and send a task of manual review or repair.
Wherein, a displacement sensor is adopted to monitor the depth data of the steel column 309 inserted into the soil or rock stratum, and a plurality of time points T before and after the collection are set 1 、T 2 、T 3 ……T n The depth data of (a). The controller in the monitoring head 507 arranged in the device transmits the collected data through a built-in wireless signal transmitter, a wireless signal receiver arranged in a geological disaster command center or a geological disaster monitoring base 10 analyzes the received wireless signal and transmits the analyzed wireless signal to a control center computer 11, and the control center computer 11 conducts calculation and research.
When a plurality of time points T 1 、T 2 、T 3 ……T n If the change rule of the depth data is consistent with the preset geological disaster occurrence rule, judging that the data of the point is abnormal, and if the data of a plurality of monitoring points of a certain area are abnormal, determining that the probability of the geological disaster occurrence of the area is high, thereby sending out a geological disaster alarm.
Claims (10)
1. An emergency monitor for rapid response of geological disasters, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a mounting base (1), a Contraband-shaped support frame (2) is mounted above the mounting base (1), a bearing plate (4) is fixed to the top of the support frame (2), a bearing box (5) is further mounted on the bearing plate (4), a monitoring head (507) is mounted on the bearing box (5), a guide plate (3) penetrating through front and rear openings of the support frame (2) is fixedly mounted in a frame of the support frame (2), a guide cylinder (302) is arranged at the front end of the surface of the guide plate (3), a vertical plate (305) with a penetrating hole is arranged at the tail of the guide plate (3), a steel column (309) with a conical structure at the head end penetrates through the guide cylinder (302), a spring column (306) is mounted at the rear end of the steel column (309), the rear end of the spring column (306) penetrates through the penetrating hole in the vertical plate (309), a push plate (307) is fixed at the head end of the spring column (306), a spring is sleeved on the spring column (306), the tail end of the push plate (307) abuts against the steel column (305), a displacement sensor (309) is mounted on the steel column (309), and the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the monitoring head (507).
2. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: a groove is formed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting base (1), an electric cylinder (101) is mounted in the groove, and a push rod of the electric cylinder (101) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the supporting frame (2); a plurality of guide rods (102) are uniformly and vertically arranged on the periphery of the mounting base (1), and guide holes (402) are arranged at the upper ends of the guide rods (102) through the bearing plate (4); and mounting holes (103) are formed in four corners of the mounting base (1).
3. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left end and the right end of the guide plate (3) are respectively provided with 1 connecting block (303), and the lower end of the inserting column (304) with a threaded structure penetrates through the connecting block (303) and then extends into a threaded hole formed in the support frame (2), so that the guide plate (3) and the support frame (2) are fixedly connected together.
4. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the guide plate (3) is provided with a sliding groove (301) along the length of the guide plate, the sliding groove (301) extends into the guide cylinder (302), and the bottom of the push plate (307) is provided with a sliding block (308), and the sliding block (308) is clamped into the sliding groove (301).
5. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the spring column (306) is provided with a baffle, and the back of the baffle is provided with a pull ring.
6. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: each offside in the left and right both sides of carriage (2) top is provided with 1 connecting plate (201), and 2 connecting plates (201) form 1U type fixture block structure, and loading board (4) support is structural at this U type fixture block, and hand wheel (202) pass and stretch into in the screw hole to loading board (4) side behind the round hole of connecting plate (201) side to fix loading board (4).
7. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left side and right side opposite sides of the front end of the surface of the bearing box (5) are provided with 2 limiting columns (501), the bearing box (5) at the rear part between the 2 limiting columns (501) is provided with 1 bearing box base (503) in a rotating mode, the outer wall of the bearing box base (503) is provided with 1 reciprocating rod (504) located between the 2 limiting columns (501), a monitoring head (507) is installed on the bearing box base (503), the monitoring head is further installed on the bearing box base, the bottom of the bearing box base (503) is provided with a bottom column (505), the bottom column (505) penetrates through the bearing box (5) and then extends into a rotating hole (403) formed in the bearing plate (4), a fixing disc (506) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom column (505), tooth grooves are uniformly formed in the side wall of the fixing disc (506), the tooth grooves are meshed with tooth grooves (601), the tooth discs (601) are fixed on a rotating shaft of the small motor (6), the small motor (6) is also installed on the bearing box (5), and the small motor (6) is electrically connected with an external programmable logic controller.
8. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 7, characterized in that: the bearing box (5) is provided with a protective cover (508) of Contraband-shaped structure, and the monitoring head (507) and the small-sized motor (6) are covered by the protective cover (508); a clamping groove is formed in the surface of the bearing box base (503), and the monitoring head (507) is fixed in the clamping groove.
9. An emergency monitor for rapid response to geological disasters according to claim 7, characterized in that: a frame groove is formed in the middle of the surface of the bearing plate (4), the bearing box (5) is clamped into the frame groove, and heat dissipation holes (401) are densely distributed in the surface of the bearing plate (4) in the frame groove.
10. A method of using an emergency monitor for the rapid response to geological disasters according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: dividing a possible geological disaster area into a plurality of areas, installing a certain number of emergency monitors (7) in each area, wherein each emergency monitor (7) is endowed with a unique identification code, inserting a steel column (309) of each emergency monitor (7) into soil or rock stratum of the place where the emergency monitor is located, when the soil or rock stratum is loosened, the insertion depth of the steel column (309) is changed under the action of a spring mechanism, a sensor on each emergency monitor (7) detects the change of the insertion depth of the steel column (309) and sends data to a control center computer (11) through a monitoring head (507), after the control center computer (11) collects data signals, the data signals are summarized and sorted according to the areas, whether the data changes sent by most emergency monitors (7) in a certain area have a consistency rule or not is judged, the control center computer (11) researches the possibility of the geological disaster occurring in the area, carries out risk classification according to the data change degree, the control center computer (11) counts the areas reaching a set risk level and sends a geological disaster command center alarm, and controls the disaster center to send a disaster alarm to carry out a rapid response according to the disaster command center (11).
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| CN115830802B (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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