CN115829185A

CN115829185A - Method, device and system for analyzing influence of ENSO on ozone valley and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN115829185A
Application number: CN202211374474.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常舒捷; 蔡心悦; 吴龙杰
Original assignee: Guangdong Ocean University
Current assignee: Guangdong Ocean University
Priority date: 2022-11-04
Filing date: 2022-11-04
Publication date: 2023-03-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for analyzing the influence of ENSO on ozone valley and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

Event, screening the Elnino year and the Ranina year in a preset time period according to the Nino 3.4 index standardized time sequence diagram; determining an ozone valley core area according to the space-time distribution characteristics of the ozone valleys; advancing and retarding the weft-wise deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core areaCalculating a correlation coefficient, and determining the relation of ENSO to ozone valley; analyzing the year of Ernino, the year of Ranina and O based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone trough ₃ The relationship between total and TCO; and determining the influence mechanism of the ENSO on the ozone valley based on the circulating field analysis. The method fills the blank of the model test lack in the research that ENSO influences ozone in ozone valley areas of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

Description

Method, device and system for analyzing influence of ENSO on ozone valley and storage medium

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite data processing, particularly relates to an ozone valley influence analysis technology, and particularly relates to an analysis method, device and system for influence of ENSO on ozone valley and a storage medium.

Background

Ozone is one of the most important trace components in the atmosphere, and although the content of ozone in the atmosphere is small and the proportion of ozone in the atmosphere is extremely small, the ozone has very large effect and has strong absorption effect on solar ultraviolet radiation (0.2-0.29 mu m). Ozone is mainly distributed in stratospheric atmosphere with the height of 10-50 km, the maximum value exists between 20-30 km, and only 10% of ozone exists in the troposphere. Ozone blocks ultraviolet radiation from the sun and plays an extremely important role in the normal survival and proliferation of life on earth. The ozone in the stratosphere can absorb solar ultraviolet radiation to heat the stratosphere atmosphere, and is a main heat source of the stratosphere, and meanwhile, the thermal and power structure of the stratosphere can also change due to the fact that the ozone absorbs solar strong ultraviolet radiation to heat the atmosphere. The Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) region serves as an important region of stratospheric mass exchange where changes in ozone concentration can affect the global climate. The ozone layer determines the temperature field of the stratosphere and the atmospheric circulation because of the characteristic of energy absorption and heating, and plays an important role in establishing the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere and the atmospheric radiation balance, so the research on the total amount of atmospheric ozone is always a research hotspot in the geoscience and chemical circles.

Hercino-southern billows (El)

Southern catalysis, ENSO) is the most significant annual-scale marine coupling signal on the tropical pacific, as a characteristic of large-scale circulation anomalies evolving in marine systems in tropical pacific regions, ENSO not only affects tropical pacific climatic anomalies, but also has a significant impact on tropical and even global climatic anomalies through atmospheric telemetry responses. ENSO, as the strongest signal of annual climate anomalies, can affect stratospheric changes, among which stratospheric ozoneHas important effects and has different hysteresis effects for different regions. The effects of ENSO on tropical stratospheric ozone are mainly caused by changing the advection of the upwelling changes of the tropical, whereas in medium and high altitude areas, the advection changes caused by the sinking of residual circulating currents are caused together with the horizontal mixing changes associated with the rossbye wave breakup and polar vortex abnormalities.

Ozone valley in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is the phenomenon of low-value center formed by ozone loss in UTLS area above Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The Zhou Xiu Ji, etc. uses the data of the U.S. rain and cloud meteorological satellite TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) in 1979-1991 to calculate the monthly average value space-time distribution of the Total amount of Ozone in 13 years, and firstly discovers the phenomenon that the Qinghai-Tibet plateau generates Ozone loss in summer (6-9 months) to form a low-value center, and the phenomenon is called the Ozone valley of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Except in summer, miniature ozone holes or ozone extremely low-value events can also occur in the upper air of Qinghai-Tibet plateau in winter. Guo and others use SAGE II satellite data to research the relationship between the strongest center UTLS of the ozone valley and the high pressure of the south voltage, find that a low-value center also exists on the stratosphere, and then confirm the double-core structure of the ozone valley for the first time through MLS (micro wave Limb Sounder) satellite data. For the reason of the formation of ozone valleys, most people believe that the formation of ozone valleys in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is mainly related to power transmission in an atmospheric circulating field, and the chemical process is weak.

Because ozone in summer in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is greatly influenced by tropical process, ENSO as a strong annual signal in the tropical zone has good relation with ozone valley in Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Previous research has shown that ENSO can vibrate ozone over Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and the influence can last for about one year. And the first main mode of EOF decomposition by the latitudinal deviation of the total ozone amount of the air columns in the UTLS area of the Tibet plateau in summer has important relation with ENSO. Although there is a preliminary progress in the study of the effect of ENSO on the ozone valley region of tibetan plateau, there is a lack of validation of model tests in this regard. Atmospheric chemical climate model WACCM (the wheel atmospheric climate Community simulation model) is commonly applied to stratospheric processes and has good simulation results on ozone changes. In order to fill the blank of pattern tests in the research that ENSO influences ozone in the ozone valley region of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the application focuses on the contact and physical mechanism of the two by using WACCM4 to carry out simulation tests on ozone in the ozone valley region of Qinghai-Tibet plateau under the background of ENSO.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art. Therefore, a method, apparatus, and system for analyzing the effects of ENSO on ozone valleys and a storage medium are needed.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for analyzing an influence of ENSO on an ozone trough, the method comprising:

according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

Event, screening the Elnino year and the Ranina year in a preset time period according to the Nino 3.4 index standardized time sequence diagram;

determining an ozone valley core area according to the space-time distribution characteristics of the ozone valleys;

calculating the leading and lagging correlation coefficients of the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core area, and determining the relation of ENSO to the ozone valley;

analyzing the year of Ernino, the year of Ranina and O based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone trough ₃ The relationship between total and TCO;

and determining the influence mechanism of the ENSO on the ozone valley based on the circulating field analysis.

Further, the method is according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

The event specifically comprises the following steps:

if it is sliding average over three months

3.4 index is continuously greater than or equal to 0.5 ℃ for 5 months, and determined as one El

An event;

if it is sliding average over three months

3.4 index for 5 months at less than 0.5 deg.C, and determining as primary La

An event.

Further, the determining the ozone valley core region according to the space-time distribution characteristics of the ozone valley specifically includes:

acquiring satellite data of the early and late years;

processing the satellite data to obtain TCO average distribution graph;

determining an ozone depletion center distribution according to the TCO average distribution map;

and determining an ozone valley core area according to the ozone depletion center distribution.

And further, calculating a leading-lagging correlation coefficient of the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core area, performing significance check on the leading-lagging correlation coefficient, and determining the relation of ENSO to the ozone valley.

Further, the second year of Elnino, the second year of Ranina and O are analyzed based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone trough ₃ The relationship between the total amount and TCO specifically includes:

according to the year of Ernino and the year of Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution, determining El

Event and La

Event to event ozone valley region O ₃ The relation of contents;

according to the year of Ernino and the year of Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution condition and TCO abnormal distribution condition of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina, and determining TCO abnormal conditions of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina and O ₃ The relationship between anomalies.

Further, the determining of the influence mechanism of the ENSO on the ozone trough based on the circulating field analysis specifically includes:

determining the positions of cyclonic circulation and anti-cyclonic circulation according to the circulation of high-rise and low-rise and SST abnormal fields of the next year of Elnino and Ranina;

and determining the influence mechanism of ENSO on the ozone valley according to the positions of the cyclonic circulation and the anti-cyclonic circulation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for analyzing an influence of ENSO on an ozone trough, the apparatus comprising a processor configured to:

according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

Further, the processor is further configured to:

if it is sliding average over three months

An event;

if it is sliding average over three months

3.4 index for 5 months at less than 0.5 deg.C, and determining as primary La

An event.

Further, the processor is further configured to:

acquiring satellite data of the early and late years;

processing the satellite data to obtain TCO average distribution graph;

Further, the processor is further configured to: calculating the correlation coefficient of the lead and lag according to the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core area, performing significance check on the correlation coefficient of the lead and lag, and determining the relation of ENSO to the ozone valley

Further, the processor is further configured to:

Event and La

Event to event ozone valley region O ₃ The relation of contents;

Further, the processor is further configured to:

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for analyzing an influence of ENSO on an ozone trough, the system comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for executing the computer program to implement the method as described above.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the method as described above.

According to the method, the device and the system for analyzing the influence of ENSO on the ozone valley and the storage medium, the technical effects are as follows:

the invention researches the influence of ENSO on the annual change of ozone valley in Qinghai-Tibet plateau by utilizing the reanalysis data of ERA5 and MERRA-2 from 1979 to 2021, and analyzes the influence mechanism and the power process of the ENSO ozone valley in Qinghai-Tibet plateau in summer by using a WACCM4 mode to carry out a sensitivity numerical simulation test. The results show that the latitudinal deviation of the ENSO signal ahead of the total amount of ozone columns (TCO) in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is about 6 months, i.e. the ENSO signal affects TCO in the summer of the next year. TCO abnormity of the ozone valley of Qinghai-Tibet plateau of the next year of the synthesis of the positive and negative phases of ENSO is in an opposite mode, TCO abnormity is mainly in three places in the ozone valley region of Qinghai-Tibet plateau of the next year of Ernino, two abnormal regions in the north part of the plateau and one abnormal region in the south part of the plateau, negative abnormity exists in the southeast part and the northwest part of the plateau in the next year of Ranina, and positive abnormity mainly exists between the Iran plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Through analysis of the annular flow field, when elnino occurs, the Indian ocean temperature is subjected to second-level thermal adaptation in two-level thermal adaptation in the atmosphere, so that high pressure abnormal enhancement in south Asia in the next year is caused, upward vertical motion is enhanced, low-concentration ozone in an upper convection layer is conveyed upwards to a lower stratosphere, UTLS ozone in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is influenced, and UTLS ozone negative abnormality occurs. The simulation result is compared with the observation result, the mode can simulate the negative abnormality of the next year of Elnino and the positive abnormality of the next year of Ranina, the simulation result of the middle latitude can also show similar distribution, and the influence of the Elnino on TCO is more prone to cause the negative abnormality. Therefore, the influence of ENSO on ozone in ozone valley areas of Qinghai-Tibet plateau can be further known through the method, and a mode test is used for providing further research basis for the formation of ozone.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows an overall flow chart of a method for analyzing the effect of ENSO on ozone valleys according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a partial flow diagram of a method for analyzing the effect of ENSO on ozone valleys according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a partial flow diagram of a method for analyzing the effect of ENSO on ozone valleys according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a partial flow diagram of a method for analyzing the effect of ENSO on ozone valleys according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial flow chart of a method for analyzing the effect of ENSO on ozone valleys according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows the Nino 3.4 index normalized time series, "E" -Erlenno, "L" -Ranina, 1979-2021;

figure 7 shows the average distribution of summer TCO: (a) ERA-5, (b) MERRA-2;

fig. 8 shows the TCO and the lead-lag correlation coefficient of the Nino 3.4 index of the ozone in the tibetan plateau UTLS region (two groups of dotted lines are included up and down, which are the first dotted line group and the second dotted line group, respectively, where the upper dotted line in the first dotted line group is at a significance level of 95%, the lower dotted line is at a significance level of 95%, the upper dotted line in the second dotted line group is at a significance level of 95%, and the lower dotted line is at a significance level of 95%);

FIG. 9 shows the mean distribution of the annual TCOs of Elnino and Ranina (unit: DU);

FIG. 10 shows the next year O of Elnino and Ranina ₃ Abnormal distribution (unit: DU, at black spot by 95% level of significance);

FIG. 11 shows the Elnino and Ranina next year TCO anomalous distributions (units: DU, at black points the pass 95% significance level);

FIG. 12 shows anomalous fields for early Nino, lainana next year 200hPa, 850hPa horizontal winds and relative vorticity (wind velocity vectors, relative vorticity are shown to pass through the 95% level of significance in m/s and 10 hPa relative vorticity, respectively ^-6 S; yellow line is the climate-averaged south Asia high pressure, purple line is the south Asia high pressure of the next year of Elnino, ranina);

FIG. 13 shows the Indian ocean temperature anomaly in Elnino, ranina the next year (unit: K, color-filled region passes the significance level of 95%);

FIG. 14 shows average sea-table temperature anomalies synthesized from selected ENSO cases (thin lines indicate ENSO events for the corresponding year, and thick lines indicate synthesis results);

FIG. 15 shows simulated early and late year O ₃ Abnormal distribution (unit: DU, at black spot by 95% level of significance);

FIG. 16 shows simulated early and late TCOs anomaly distributions (unit: DU, pass 95% level of significance at black spot);

FIG. 17 shows simulated early, lainan horizontal winds of 200hPa, 850hPa and relative vorticity anomaly fields (wind velocity vectors, relative vorticity are shown to pass the 95% level of significance in m/s and 10-6/s, respectively).

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but is not intended to limit the invention. The order in which the various steps described herein are described as examples should not be construed as a limitation if there is no requirement for a contextual relationship between each other, and one skilled in the art would know that sequential adjustments may be made without destroying the logical relationship between each other, rendering the overall process impractical.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for analyzing the influence of ENSO on ozone valley. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:

step S100, according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

And (3) screening the early-Nino years and the lanina years in a preset time period according to the Nino 3.4 exponential standardized time sequence diagram.

In addition, el

Event and La

The events are all measured in years as time units, the preset time period is a time period which is earlier than the current time and is suitable for being researched according to actual research needs, and for example, the preset time period can be selected from the summer of 1979 to 2021And (4) the season.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the method is according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

The event specifically comprises the following steps:

step S101, if the three months are average

An event;

step S102, if the three months are in running average

3.4 index for 5 months at less than 0.5 deg.C, and determining as primary La

An event.

In some embodiments, after screening the erno and rana years for a predetermined period of time based on the Nino 3.4-exponential normalized time series plot, the weaker or less strong years may be selected, leaving behind the typical erno and rana years.

And S200, determining an ozone valley core area according to the space-time distribution characteristics of the ozone valley.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the determining the ozone trough core region according to the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the ozone trough specifically includes:

s201, satellite data of the early-year and the Lannia-year are obtained. By way of example only, the satellite data may be ozone blend ratio, horizontal wind, vertical velocity, barometric pressure, potential altitude data from ERA5 global reanalysis monthly average data provided by The European Center for Medium-Range Weather projections (ECMWF).

S202, processing the satellite data to obtain TCO average distribution graph.

And S203, determining the ozone loss center distribution according to the TCO average distribution graph.

S204, determining an ozone valley core area according to the ozone depletion center distribution.

And step S300, calculating the leading and lagging correlation coefficients of the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core area, and determining the relation of the ENSO to the ozone valley.

It should be noted that the relationship between ENSO and ozone trough may be advanced or delayed, and for different ozone troughs in different areas, the ENSO is advanced by about 6 months when analyzing the influence of the method provided by the present invention on the ozone trough in tibetan plateau.

In some embodiments, the calculation of the lead-lag correlation coefficient is performed on the zonal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total amount of gas column ozone in the ozone valley core region, the significance check is performed on the lead-lag correlation coefficient, and the relationship of ENSO to ozone valley is determined.

Step S400, analyzing the year of Ernino, the year of Ranina and O based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone valley ₃ Relation between total and TCO. By analyzing this step, it can be confirmed that

Event or La

O to ozone trough after event ₃ The influence relationship between the total amount and TCO is further disclosed to further reveal the influence of ENSO on ozone in Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

In some embodiments, the analysis of the year of el nino, the year of la nina and O is based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone trough, as shown in fig. 4 ₃ The relation between the total amount and TCO,the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S401, according to the year of the next year of Elnino and the year of Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution, determining El

Event and La

Event to event ozone valley region O ₃ The relation of contents;

step S402, according to the annual Othernino and the annual Ranina ₃ Abnormal distribution condition and TCO abnormal distribution condition of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina, and determining TCO abnormal conditions of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina and O ₃ The relationship between anomalies.

And S500, determining an influence mechanism of ENSO on the ozone valley based on the circulation field analysis. Analysis of the wind field was introduced by this step to further determine the kinetic mechanism of the effects of ENSO on the ozone trough.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the determining the mechanism of the influence of ENSO on the ozone trough based on the circulating field analysis specifically includes:

step S501, determining the positions of cyclonic circulation and anti-cyclonic circulation according to high-level and low-level circulation and SST abnormal fields of the year of the Hercino and the Ranina;

and step S502, determining an influence mechanism of ENSO on the ozone valley according to the positions of the cyclonic circulation and the anti-cyclonic circulation.

The following embodiments of the present invention will explain the feasibility and the progress of the present invention in detail based on the analysis method of the influence of ENSO on ozone valleys as described above, taking tibetan plateau ozone valleys as an example.

It should be noted that ERA5 global reanalyzed monthly mean data from The European Center for Medium-Range Weather projections (ECMWF) were used herein for ozone blend ratio, horizontal wind, vertical velocity, barometric pressure, potential altitude data with horizontal resolution of 0.25 ℃ and vertical stratification from 1000hPa to 1hPa. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data is also from ERA5 with a resolution of 0.25 ° x 0.25 °. Also used are ozone mass mix ratios, convective zone overhead power heights (TROPPV) and thermal heights (TROPPT) from the United states National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) satellite data, with horizontal resolutions of 0.625 deg. by 0.5 deg., and vertical stratification of the ozone mass mix ratios from 1000hPa to 0.1hPa. The time period selected for this data was 1979-2021 summer (months 6-8).

The latitudinal deviation TCO of Total Column Ozone Total (TCO) is defined as:

o is the total amount of the lattice point ozone,

the mean value of the grid latitudinal direction of ozone. Where the units kg/kg are converted to DU (Dobson Unit), 1DU being equivalent to an ozone content of 10-3 atm cm. The calculation method of the height integral is as follows:

m is the ozone mass mixing ratio in ppmv. p is pressure, and the range of the pressure layer is 50hPa-300hPa, P1=50hPa, P2=300hPa.

Herein by three month sliding average

3.4 index of El for 5 months and one time at 0.5 deg.C or more (0.5 deg.C or less)

(La

) An event. Early age 43 years were screened by Nino 3.4 exponential normalized time series plot (FIG. 6)The nino and lanina years (table 1). Except for the el Nino and raney years obtained by Nino 3.4 exponential screening, the weaker or less strongly performing years were picked up, leaving the typical el Nino and raney years of the el Nino and raney phenomena.

TABLE 1.1979-2021 typical early and late Annean years

The relation between ENSO and ozone valley of Qinghai-Tibet plateau is analyzed by using lead-lag correlation analysis, ozone, sea Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA) and wind field of the ENSO year are synthesized by using synthesis analysis, and the influence of ENSO on the ozone valley of Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the mechanism of the influence are analyzed.

The analysis on the relation between the ENSO and the Tibet plateau ozone valley comprises the analysis on the time-space distribution characteristics of the Tibet plateau ozone valley and the relation between the ENSO and the Tibet plateau ozone.

Analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of ozone valleys in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the distribution characteristics of ozone valleys in UTLS area in Qinghai-Tibet plateau are firstly intuitively understood, and FIG. 7 is TCO spatial distribution in 1979-2021, 43 years.

As shown in FIG. 7, the mean distribution of TCO from two re-analyzed satellite data processing shows that the ozone valleys in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau are clearly visible, and the ozone depletion centers are mainly distributed at 35-110E and 30-45N (within the red frame line in FIG. 2). In the profile obtained using MERRA-2 ozone mass mixing ratio data, the TCO at the center of the ozone trough structure can be as low as-4.3 DU, and the TCO at the periphery can also be as low as-3.4 DU to-4.0 DU, and in the profile obtained using ERA5 data, the TCO at the center of the double-center structure of the ozone trough structure can be as low as-1.8 DU. Although the two data are different, a and b in fig. 7 are the same, and the upper space of the tibetan plateau is the negative ozone average latitudinal deviation, which together illustrate that the total ozone loss occurs and forms the ozone low value center. The effect of MERRA-2 is better than that of ERA5, and the double-heart structure of ozone valley is more obvious and prominent.

Analysis of relationship of ENSO to Tibet plateau ozone, in order to know the relationship between ENSO and Tibet plateau ozone, the correlation coefficient of leading and lagging is calculated for the index Nino 3.4 and TCO in the main zone (35-110E, 30-45N) of UTLS zone of Tibet plateau (FIG. 8). As can be seen from fig. 8, in the relation of leading and lagging the Nino 3.4 index and the TCO index of the UTLS area ozone in tibetan plateau, the correlation coefficient of-6 is first tested for significance, and the correlation coefficient reaches 0.18 and passes 90% significance level, i.e., the Nino 3.4 index leads the TCO of the UTLS area ozone in tibetan plateau by 6 months, which indicates that the ENSO leads the UTLS area ozone in tibetan plateau and is in phase.

If ENSO precedes the ozone in the UTLS area of Qinghai-Tibet plateau for 6 months, and because ENSO matures in winter, ENSO affects the ozone in the UTLS area of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau the next year. To verify the effect of ENSO on UTLS zone ozone in the next year, tibetan plateau, the mean distribution of TCO in the next year, el nino and lanina, was analyzed.

As shown in fig. 9, in the TCO distribution graph obtained by using ERA5 data or MERRA-2 data, the ozone low center at the top of tibetan plateau can be clearly seen to form an ozone valley double-core structure in the next year when a typical el nino occurs, in fig. 9 a, the lowest ozone low center can be seen to be-1.8 DU, and in fig. 9 c, the lowest negative ozone latitudinal deviation can be-4.2 DU; the next year in which classical ranna occurs, it can be seen that the ozone depletion is deepened or the area of influence is enlarged, the low ozone value area b in fig. 9 is west extended, even from north of the rihai to the north pole circle of the junction, d in fig. 9 is more obvious, the lowest ozone depletion can be as much as-4.0 DU and the low value area is enlarged compared to c in fig. 9. Overall, the TCO low value distribution for the next year of raney was broader than for the next year of erlinuo, with the ozone depletion level being more pronounced.

To further reveal the effects of ENSO on Qinghai-Tibet plateau ozone, the relationship between the Ernino and Ranina years and the total O3 and TCO will be analyzed from the anomaly.

The next year of Elnino and the next year of Ranina O ₃ The abnormal distribution is shown in fig. 10. In the ozone valleySouth of the district, two epochs O ₃ The abnormality presents the opposite abnormality, and from a in FIG. 10, O in the ozone valley region of the next year in Ernino can be seen ₃ The abnormality of (a) is about-0.2 DU to-0.4 DU, while the majority of the next year of Ranina is positive abnormality, about 0.15DU (FIG. 10, b). Due to asymmetry of ENSO, its Ernino and Ranina next years are paired with O ₃ The distribution of the influence of (a) is not entirely relevant, especially in the northern regions, the years of el nino and raney mostly show negative anomalies. The distribution of MERRA-2 and ERA5 are substantially consistent, and MERRA-2 will characterize the distribution more significantly because the absolute value of the data is higher than ERA 5. This suggests that Elnino will cause most of the next year O in the ozone valley ₃ Reduction of Ranina, in turn, leads to southern O ₃ Increase and North O ₃ Is reduced.

The effect of ENSO was further studied from the abnormal TCO distributions of the year el nino and the year la nina (fig. 11). As can be seen from a in fig. 11, in the ozone valley region of the next year in el nino, TCO abnormalities were mainly three places, two abnormal regions in the north and one abnormal region in the south. Significant negative anomalies exist in northern 50 DEG E-75 DEG E regions, with negative centers reaching-0.42 DU; there were significant positive anomalies in the northern 90 ° E-75 ° E region, with a central 0.25DU; there is also a weak negative anomaly in south, with values around 0.1 DU. In the next year of Ranina, negative anomalies exist in the southeast and northwest, and the size is 0.1-0.24DU; the positive abnormality is mainly present in the middle of the iran and tibetan plateaus, and has a size of about 0.18 DU. Whether the next year of Elnino or Lanina, where the position of the latitude TCO anomaly is the sum of O ₃ Abnormal correspondence, which indicates that TCO abnormality at intermediate latitudes is due to O ₃ Caused by an anomaly.

In conclusion, the el nino climate plays an essential role in studying ozone depletion and the formation of low-value centers of ozone in regions, particularly the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The next section will explore how ENSO affects UTLS ozone in tibetan plateau.

The dynamic factor is an important factor influencing the UTLS ozone valley in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and how ENSO influences the UTLS ozone valley is researched by analyzing the circulation field.

Figure 12 is a graph of high level, low level circulating currents and SST anomalous fields from early and late raney years. The UTLS area is located in the upper atmosphere and therefore appears more straightforward from the 200hPa circulation. From a in fig. 12, it can be seen that in the next year of el nino, there is dispersed negative vorticity in the south of the valley of ozone at 200hPa altitude, and in combination with the wind field, there is a weak anti-cyclonic circulation. This anti-cyclonic circulation can pump low levels of low concentration ozone to higher levels, resulting in a drop in ozone concentration in the atmosphere of the UTLS zone, which also corresponds to a negative anomaly in the south of TCO in fig. 11. In the northern part of the ozone valley area, anti-cyclonic circulation at west and cyclonic circulation at east are both present at the 200hPa and 850hPa altitudes.

From a in figure 12, it can be seen that in the next year of el nino, there is an anti-cyclonic loop in the south of the ozone trough region at the 200hPa altitude, pumping low ozone concentrations to the upper strata, resulting in a decrease in ozone concentration in the UTLS zone atmosphere, which also corresponds to negative TCO in figure 11 in the south. In the next year of raney, there are a cyclone and anti-cyclone circulation respectively in west and east of the ozone valley region on the 200hPa high level, the west pumps down the higher level high concentration ozone, the east pumps up the lower level low concentration ozone, corresponding to the opposite anomaly of TCO in the east and west ozone in fig. 11.

Further, by analyzing factors affecting ozone, it was found from previous studies that abnormality of south asian hypertension is one of important factors. It can be seen from figure 12 that the location of the high pressure in south asia corresponds to anti-cyclonic circulation in the south of the ozone valley region and that high pressure in south asia of the next year in el nino is an enhanced state. The enhancement of the south asian high pressure is due to positive anomaly in the indian ocean surface temperature of the next year of el nino (fig. 13), which leads to high pressure enhancement of the western pacific subtropical high pressure, enhancement of south asian high pressure anomaly by the second of two stages of thermal adaptation in the atmosphere, corresponding to anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower northwest pacific region in b of fig. 11 and anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly in the southern asian region in a of fig. 11.

The present application discusses the relationship and influence mechanism of ozone in the UTLS area of ENSO and Qinghai-Tibet plateau through observation data. To further verify the feasibility and the progress of the invention, the simulation results of the WACCM4 model are used for illustration.

Atmospheric chemical climate model WACCM (the wheel Atmospheric research climate model) is a climate model developed by the National Center for Atmospheric research (ncar), which is a climate model that currently describes the physical and chemical processes of the Atmosphere relatively well. WACCM4 as a version 4 of the WACCM scheme, an ENSO signal in the atmosphere can be simulated in practice. At present, there are two operation options set for WACCM4, namely a full chemical interaction process (full interactive chemistry) with a chemical-radiation-dynamic feedback process opened and a greenhouse gas emission scenario test (greenhouse gas) with a chemical-radiation feedback process closed [40]. The vertical coordinate of the WACCM4 mode has 66 layers extending from the ground up to 4.5 × 106hPa (about 145km height), and the vertical resolution of The Top (TTL) area of the thermal band convection layer and the lower part of the laminar layer (< 30 km) is 1.1-1.4km. The vertical coordinate of the WACCM4 mode has 66 layers extending from the ground up to 4.5 × 106hPa (about 145km height), and the vertical resolution of The Top (TTL) area of the thermal band convection layer and the lower part of the laminar layer (< 30 km) is 1.1-1.4km. All experiments herein used a horizontal resolution of 1.9 ° x2.5 ° using a full chemical interaction process.

External forcing of the WACCM4 mode test, the sea surface temperature drive field was synthesized using selected examples of the years El Nino (La Nina) observed in Table 1, and the results are shown in red bold line in FIG. 14. The synthetic El Nino (La Nina) event spans two years, with sea temperatures abnormally greater (less) than 0.5 ℃ months remaining, and sea temperatures in other months are synthesized in normal years, see fig. 14. The three-year normal year sea temperature was then connected, creating an El Nino (La Nina) event with a period of 5 years. Then, 5 years are used as a period to generate a plurality of El Nino (La Nina) events.

The application will add the synthesized 5-year-period El Nino (La Nina) event sea temperature compelling to simulate and study the response of stratospheric ozone in Qinghai-Tibet plateau area to the ENSO event in the 1955-2005 period. For mode balance, SST in the first 5 years was given as spin-up time in the normal year. The sea temperature of 9 synthetic El Nino (La Nina) events was then added over a5 year period as a sea temperature force for the E1 (E2) trial. And replacing the sea temperature forced data https of/svn-cccm-inputdata, cgd, ucar, edu/trunk/inputdata/atm/cam/sst/sst _ HadOIBl _ bc _ 1x1/1850/2012/c130411. Nc in the 5S-5N,190E-240E area and 1955-2005 time period specified in WACCM4, and carrying out simulation test. This corresponds to the simulation of an ENSO event comprising 9 members and having a period of 5 years.

For comparison reference, the present application additionally performed simulations incorporating normal annual sea temperature climate conditions. Namely, the sea temperature of the normal year is continuously added for simulation for 33 years, and the climate state of the normal year is averagely taken 20 years after the sea temperature is used.

TABLE 2 simulation experiment design

Based on the simulation design of Table 2, FIG. 15 is a simulated early O of Elnino and Ranina ₃ Abnormal distribution, the year of Elnino and the year of Ranina are a reverse change at low latitudes, the year of Elnino is negative abnormality with a size of about-0.3 DU, the year of Ranina is positive abnormality with a size of 0.3DU-0.44DU, and the simulation result at the middle latitudes is shifted from the observation center, but O is shifted ₃ The anomaly distribution is substantially consistent with the observed results.

Figure 16 is a simulated annual TCO anomaly distribution of erlinuo and raney. In the next year of Ernnino, simulated TCO anomalies can correspond to significant anomaly regions in the observed results, the range of negative anomalies is larger than that of the observed results, negative anomalies located above 50 degrees N in the observed results extend to the south in the simulated results and are connected with negative anomalies at low latitudes, and the fact that the influence of Ernnino on TCO is more prone to cause negative anomalies is shown; in the next year of the lanina, the simulation result shows that the distribution is negative-positive-negative from the southeast to the northwest, the positive abnormality between the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the Iran plateau is weaker than the observation ratio, the size is about 0.2DU, and the deviation is provided to a certain extent, because the lanina has more diversity than the Erlenno, and the simulation precision can be more difficult.

FIG. 17 is a simulated abnormal distribution of horizontal winds and relative vorticity at 200hPa and 850hPa the next year for Elnino and Ranina. In the next year, in the high-rise, the Ernino is obviously characterized by reverse cyclone circulation and negative vorticity abnormality at the low latitude and in the north of the ozone valley, and cyclone circulation and positive vorticity abnormality at the east and north of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. In the next year of Ranina, strong cyclone circulation abnormality exists between the Iran plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet plateau at the high level, and anti-cyclone circulation abnormality exists at the Qinghai-Tibet plateau; the lower layers are more obvious of the low altitude anti-cyclonic circulation anomalies. The kinetic action of the circulating current directly results in a change in the ozone in fig. 15 and 16.

In general, the simulation results are compared with the observation results, the mode is more accurate for the low-latitude ozone and circulation simulation, negative abnormality of the next year of Elnino and positive abnormality of the next year of Ranina can be simulated, the simulation results of the middle-latitude can also show similar distribution, but have deviation relative to the observation because other signals except ENSO influence the middle-latitude.

The application mainly bases on the ozone mixing ratio data of ERA5 in summer of 43a (1979-2021) and combines 42a (1980-2021) MERRA-2 ozone concentration data to perform the intensive research on the ozone in UTLS area of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, including TCO distribution, TCO anomaly, O3 anomaly distribution and the like. On the basis of carrying out comparative analysis on the space-time distribution and the intensity change of ozone in the Erlenno year and the Ranina year, the influence mechanism of ENSO on ozone valley in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is discussed by combining the high pressure of south China, the abnormal field of average sea surface temperature and the wind field, and the view point is verified through a mode. Based on the relevant experiments performed by the methods described herein, the following conclusions can be drawn:

(1) The significant annual variability of sea temperature of ENSO as the equatorial pacific has a significant impact on ozone in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. ENSO is 6 months ahead of ozone in UTLS area in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and the two have obvious correlation. In the TCO distribution graph obtained by using ERA5 data or MERRA-2 data, the ozone low value center appearing in the upper air of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau can be clearly seen in the next year of the occurrence of Ernino to form an ozone valley double-core structure, and the ozone low value centers of the two data can reach-1.8 DU and-4.2 DU at the lowest; in the next year of Ranina, the influence area is expanded to a minimum of-4.0 DU.

(2) The O3 abnormalities in the two periods presented opposite abnormalities, with O3 abnormalities in the next ozone trough of el nino ranging from-0.2 DU to-0.4 DU, while the majority of the next year of raney was positive abnormalities, ranging from 0.15 DU. From the TCO abnormal distribution conditions of the year of Ernino and the year of Ranina, TCO abnormal conditions of the year of Ernino are mainly three places, two abnormal zones in the north part and one abnormal zone in the south part. Significant negative anomalies exist in northern 50 DEG E-75 DEG E regions, with negative centers reaching-0.42 DU; there were significant positive anomalies in the northern 90 ° E-75 ° E region, with a central 0.25DU; there is also a weak negative anomaly in south, with values around 0.1 DU. In the next year of Ranina, negative anomalies exist in the southeast and northwest, and the size is 0.1-0.24DU; the positive abnormality is mainly present in the middle of the iran and tibetan plateaus, and is about 0.18DU in size.

(3) The dynamic factor is an important factor influencing the UTLS ozone valley in the tibetan plateau, and ozone with different concentrations is mixed in through vertical movement to influence the ozone in the UTLS area. The high-rise anti-cyclone circulation pumps low-rise low-concentration ozone to the high-rise, so that the ozone concentration in the atmosphere of the UTLS area is reduced; the higher layer of high concentration ozone is pumped down and the lower layer of low concentration ozone is pumped up, resulting in an increase in ozone concentration in the atmosphere of the UTLS zone. The Indian ocean temperature leads to abnormal enhancement of south Asia high pressure through the second thermal adaptation in the two-stage thermal adaptation in the atmosphere, which affects the Tibet plateau UTLS ozone.

(4) Compared with the observation result, the simulation result is more accurate for the low-latitude ozone and circulation simulation, both negative abnormality of the next year of Elnino and positive abnormality of the next year of Ranina can be simulated, and the simulation result of the medium-latitude can also show similar distribution, but has deviation relative to the observation because other signals except ENSO influence the medium-latitude. Also because of the diversity of ranina, simulation of erlnino will be more accurate than ranina. Simulated O3 abnormal distribution in the following years of Elnino and Ranina is a reverse change in the low latitude in the following years of Elnino and Ranina, negative abnormality in the following years of Elnino is about-0.3 DU in size, and positive abnormality in the following years of Ranina is 0.3DU-0.44DU. The range of simulated TCO anomalies was greater than observed, with the effect of el nino on TCO being more likely to result in negative anomalies; in the next year of Ranina, simulation results show that the distribution from south east to north west is negative-positive-negative, and the positive abnormality between the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the Iran plateau is weaker than the observation, and the size of the positive abnormality is about 0.2 DU. On a simulated flow field, in the next year of Ernino, at a high level, the device is obviously characterized by reverse cyclone circulation and negative vorticity abnormality at low latitude and in the north of an ozone valley, and cyclone circulation and positive vorticity abnormality at the east and north of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. In the next year of Ranina, strong cyclone circulation abnormality exists between the Iran plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet plateau at the high level, and anti-cyclone circulation abnormality exists at the Qinghai-Tibet plateau; the lower layers are more obvious of the low altitude anti-cyclonic circulation anomalies.

Through the application, the influence of ENSO on ozone in ozone valley areas of Qinghai-Tibet plateau can be further known, and a use mode test provides further research basis for the formation of ozone.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for analyzing an influence of ENSO on ozone trough, where the apparatus includes a processor configured to: according to

3.4 exponential determination of El

Event and La

Event, screening the Elnino year and the Ranina year in a preset time period according to the Nino 3.4 index standardized time sequence diagram; determining an ozone valley core area according to the space-time distribution characteristics of the ozone valleys; calculating the leading and lagging correlation coefficients of the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core area, and determining the relation of ENSO to the ozone valley; analyzing the next year of Elnino based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone troughRanina and O ₃ The relationship between total and TCO; and determining the influence mechanism of the ENSO on the ozone valley based on the circulating field analysis.

A processor may be a processing device including more than one general-purpose processing device such as a microprocessor, central Processing Unit (CPU), graphics Processing Unit (GPU), etc. More particularly, the processor may be a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) microprocessor, reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) microprocessor, very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) microprocessor, processor executing other instruction sets, or processors executing a combination of instruction sets. The processor may also be one or more special-purpose processing devices such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a system on a chip (SoC), or the like. The processor may be communicatively coupled to the memory 420 and configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored thereon to perform the method for analyzing the effects of ENSO on ozone valleys of the above-described embodiments.

In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: acquiring satellite data of the early and late years; processing the satellite data to obtain TCO average distribution graph; determining an ozone depletion center distribution according to the TCO average distribution map; and determining an ozone valley core area according to the ozone depletion center distribution.

In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: and calculating the correlation coefficient of the lead and lag according to the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total ozone amount of the air column in the ozone valley core area, performing significance verification on the correlation coefficient of the lead and lag, and determining the relation of ENSO to the ozone valley.

In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: according to the year of Ernino and the year of Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution, determining El

Event and La

Ozone valley area with event to event occurrence next yearO of (A) to (B) ₃ The relation of contents; according to the year of Ernino and the year of Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution condition and TCO abnormal distribution condition of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina, and determining TCO abnormal conditions of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina and O ₃ The relationship between anomalies.

In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: determining the positions of the cyclone circulation and the anti-cyclone circulation according to the high-rise and low-rise circulation and SST abnormal fields of the next year of the Ernino and the Ranina; and determining the influence mechanism of ENSO on the ozone valley according to the positions of the cyclonic circulation and the anti-cyclonic circulation.

The device for analyzing the influence of ENSO on the ozone trough, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, belongs to the same technical concept as the method explained in the foregoing, and the technical effects are basically consistent, which is not repeated herein.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a system for analyzing the influence of ENSO on ozone valley, which comprises: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for executing the computer program to implement the method according to any embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform a method according to any of the embodiments of the present invention.

Moreover, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope thereof includes any and all embodiments based on the present invention with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., of various embodiments across), adaptations or alterations. The elements of the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the present specification or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. It is intended, therefore, that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims and their full scope of equivalents.

The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more versions thereof) may be used in combination with each other. For example, other embodiments may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description. In addition, in the above-described embodiments, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as an intention that features of an invention not claimed are essential to any of the claims. Rather, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular inventive embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description as examples or embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that these embodiments may be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing influence of ENSO on ozone valleys, the method comprising:

according to

3.4 index determination

Event and

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on

Index determination

Event and

the event specifically comprises the following steps:

if it is sliding average over three months

The index is determined as one time when the index is greater than or equal to 0.5 ℃ for 5 continuous months

An event;

if it is sliding average over three months

The index is less than 0.5 ℃ for 5 months, and is determined to be one time

An event.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the ozone trough core region according to the space-time distribution characteristics of the ozone trough specifically comprises:

acquiring satellite data of the early and late years;

processing the satellite data to obtain TCO average distribution graph;

determining the ozone loss center distribution according to the TCO average distribution map;

4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the lead-lag correlation coefficient for the latitudinal deviation TCO of the Nino 3.4 index and the total amount of gas column ozone in the ozone valley core region, and performing a significance check on the lead-lag correlation coefficient to determine the relationship of ENSO to ozone valley.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyzing the year of el nino, the year of la nina and O based on the relationship of ENSO to ozone trough ₃ The relationship between the total amount and TCO specifically includes:

according to the next year of Elnino and Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution of the profile, determining

Event and

event to event ozone valley region O ₃ The relation of the contents;

according to the next year of Elnino and Ranina O ₃ Abnormal distribution condition and TCO abnormal distribution condition of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina, and determining TCO abnormal conditions of the year of the erlinuo and the year of the next lanina and O ₃ The relationship between anomalies.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the mechanism of the ENSO's influence on the ozone trough based on the circulating field analysis specifically comprises:

determining the positions of the cyclone circulation and the anti-cyclone circulation according to the high-rise and low-rise circulation and SST abnormal fields of the next year of the Ernino and the Ranina;

and determining the influence mechanism of ENSO on the ozone valley according to the positions of the cyclone circulation and the anti-cyclone circulation.

7. An apparatus for analyzing effects of ENSO on ozone valleys, the apparatus comprising a processor configured to:

according to

Index determination

Event and

and determining the influence mechanism of ENSO on the ozone valley based on the circulating field analysis.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to:

if it is sliding average over three months

An event;

if it is sliding average over three months

The index is determined as one time when the index is less than 0.5 ℃ for 5 consecutive months

An event.

9. An analysis system for influence of ENSO on ozone valley is characterized in that: the system comprises:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for executing the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.