CN115826089A - East-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracking data - Google Patents
East-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracking data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracking data, and belongs to the technical field of ocean observation. The method comprises the following steps: collecting vortex tracking data and establishing a global longitude and latitude grid; calculating the average longitude and latitude of the vortex displacement in each longitude and latitude grid, and storing the average longitude and latitude in the global longitude and latitude grid; calculating the vortex movement direction of each grid by using the average longitude and latitude of vortex displacement; performing Gaussian filtering, setting a target sea area and a threshold, sequentially traversing each meridian, traversing each grid on each meridian, and determining the latitude where the vortex boundary is located; and smoothing the longitude and latitude of the vortex boundary to form an east-west movement boundary of the vortex. The method extracts the originally fuzzy and invisible boundary and visually expresses the boundary in a mode of connecting the longitude and latitude points of the original fuzzy and invisible boundary, provides basic algorithm support for researching the boundary of the vortex motion in east and west directions, and has reference significance for future research on the boundary of the vortex motion direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine observation, and particularly relates to a vortex east-west movement boundary extraction method based on vortex tracking data.
Background
Ocean eddy is a marine dynamic phenomenon, with mesoscale eddy characterized by rotation around a point, with spatial scales between 50km and 300km, and temporal scales typically weeks to months. The mesoscale vortices can be divided into gas vortices and reverse gas vortices in different rotation directions, wherein in the northern hemisphere, the counter-clockwise vortex is the gas vortex, the clockwise vortex is the gas vortex, and in the southern hemisphere, the counter-clockwise vortex is opposite. The cyclonic vortex corresponds to an upward flow with a lower temperature at the center of the vortex than the surrounding seawater, also known as the cold vortex, and the counter vortex corresponds to a downward flow with a warmer temperature at the center, known as the warm vortex.
The satellite altimeter is a common sea surface altimeter, and it emits a short pulse toward the sea surface of the subsatellite point, the pulse and sea surface produce mutual action, and some pulse can be reflected back to the altimeter by rough sea surface, and the distance from satellite to sea surface can be calculated by means of the propagation time of pulse between satellite and sea surface, and then the sea surface altitude can be calculated by means of combining the satellite orbit altitude data. The appearance of ocean vortices causes sea level changes, with the center of the cold vortex being lower than the surrounding sea level, and the center of the warm vortex being higher than the surrounding sea level. Satellite altimeters can detect such anomalies in sea level altitude, so that identification and tracking of ocean vortices can be achieved using altimeter data.
When identifying vortices using altimeter data, identification is generally performed using SLA (sea level height analysis) and ADT (absolute dynamic probability map) data in the altimeter data. At present, methods commonly used for identifying vortex by using altimeter data include an OW parameter method, a winding angle method, a flow direction method, a sea surface topology method, a Lagrangian order-drawing structure method and the like. The vortex tracking algorithm is generally judged based on vortex identification data, the key for judging that the vortices in the vortex identification data belong to the same vortex track is the matching degree of the vortices in time and space, and the current common vortex tracking algorithm comprises a nearest neighbor method, a similarity method, a pixel overlapping method and the like.
At present, the research on the vortex by oceanologists covers all aspects of the vortex, including the research on the aspects of vortex form, motion characteristics, material transportation and the like, and the research on the characteristics of form difference, distribution condition and the like of east-direction motion vortex and west-direction motion vortex is also carried out earlier. However, no one has studied the boundaries of the east-west movement of the vortex and has not extracted the boundaries of the east-west movement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data so as to make up for the defects of the prior art.
In the vortex identification data, the vortex identification data generally includes key information about the vortex, such as the date of observing the vortex, the name of the vortex, a longitude and latitude sequence corresponding to the vortex boundary, the vortex radius corresponding to the vortex boundary, the vortex amplitude corresponding to the vortex boundary, the vortex average kinetic energy corresponding to the vortex boundary, the average relative vorticity corresponding to the vortex boundary, the average relative divergence corresponding to the vortex boundary, the average shear deformation rate corresponding to the vortex boundary, the average elongation rate corresponding to the vortex boundary, the longitude and latitude sequence corresponding to the vortex internal boundary, the SLA value corresponding to the vortex internal boundary, the vortex internal boundary center, the seed point longitude and latitude corresponding to the vortex center, the type of the vortex (anticyclone and cyclone), and the like. The vortex tracking data then contains vortex latitude, longitude, time, name, vortex index, track index, and vortex identification information.
In the conventional vortex east-west movement analysis, the longitude of the second day is generally subtracted from the longitude of the first day, the vortex movement is simply divided into east and west, and details such as movement angles are lacked. According to the invention, the vortex motion direction is calculated by performing more fine processing on vortex tracking data, and then the vortex east-west motion boundary is extracted based on the motion direction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
an east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting vortex tracking data, and establishing a global longitude and latitude grid relative to the resolution ratio according to the resolution ratio of the used vortex tracking data for storing subsequent calculation results;
s2: calculating the average longitude and latitude of vortex displacement in each longitude and latitude grid according to the vortex tracking data, and storing the average longitude and latitude in the global longitude and latitude grid;
s3: calculating the vortex movement direction of each grid by using the calculated average longitude and latitude of the vortex displacement, so as to obtain global vortex movement direction data;
s4: performing Gaussian filtering on the vortex motion direction data, setting a target sea area, setting a threshold value, sequentially traversing each meridian, traversing each grid on each meridian, and determining the latitude of a vortex boundary;
s5: and smoothing the longitude and latitude of the vortex boundary to finally form the east-west movement boundary of the vortex.
Further, in S2:
each vortex tracking datum records the longitude and latitude of each day when the vortex exists; and judging which longitude and latitude grid the vortex is positioned in according to the longitude and latitude of a certain day, subtracting the longitude and latitude of the day from the longitude and latitude data of the next day to obtain the longitude and latitude of vortex displacement, carrying out vector addition on the displacement longitude and latitude of the corresponding vortex in each grid, and dividing by the number of the corresponding vortex in each grid to obtain the average displacement longitude and latitude of the vortex of each grid. It should be noted that for vortexes which span 360 degrees of longitude (0 degrees of longitude) between two days, the longitude shifts are calculated by adding the longitudes of the two days before and after the vortexes to 360 to obtain the correct longitude variation value, rather than simply subtracting the longitude shifts.
Further, the calculation formula of the average displacement longitude of the vortex corresponding to each grid as the latitude is as follows:
wherein
And finally, sequentially traversing each grid, and subtracting the angle of the grid from 360 degrees to obtain the grid movement direction for the grid with the angle larger than 180 degrees. The final motion direction characteristics are represented as: the value of the north east is 0, the values of the clockwise and the anticlockwise are increased, the values of the south or the north are both 90, and the value of the west is 180.
Further, in S3, firstly, the displacement longitude of each grid is divided by the displacement latitude to calculate a sine value of each grid displacement direction; then, the grids are divided into an eastern grid and a western grid according to the positive and negative values of the displacement longitude of each grid, wherein the western grid is determined when the displacement longitude is less than 0, and the western grid is determined when the displacement longitude is greater than 0; for the western grid, solving the sine value of the western grid by using an arcsine function, and adding 180 degrees to the solved solution to obtain the vortex motion angle of the grid; for the eastern grid, the sine value of the eastern grid is solved by using an arcsine function, the solution solved by the grid with the positive sine value is the vortex motion angle of the grid, and the grid with the negative sine value needs to add 360 degrees to the solved solution to obtain the vortex motion angle of the grid.
Further, the angle calculation formula is as follows:
and finally, sequentially traversing each grid, and subtracting the angle of the grid from 360 degrees to obtain the grid movement direction for the grid with the angle larger than 180 degrees. The final motion direction characteristics are represented as: the value of the north east is 0, the values of the clockwise and the anticlockwise are increased, the values of the south or the north are both 90, and the value of the west is 180.
Further, in S4, firstly, gaussian filtering of 3 × 3 grid is performed on the vortex motion direction data
Eliminating the influence of larger difference between the motion direction of the individual point and the motion direction of the surrounding points in the vortex motion direction data; selecting a target sea area to be subjected to boundary extraction, setting a threshold value, sequentially traversing each meridian, traversing the grid data on each meridian from top to bottom, recording the longitude and the latitude of the grid as points on the boundary if the grid data are smaller than the threshold value, and recording the longitude and the latitude of the grid as points on the boundary if the grid data are smaller than the threshold valueIf the grid data is still smaller than the threshold value, stopping traversing the meridian and starting traversing the grid data of the next meridian; and extracting each target sea area to obtain a group of boundary points.
Furthermore, the gaussian filter is a 3 × 3 grid gaussian filter.
Further, in S5, a plurality of groups of boundary points extracted from adjacent target sea areas belonging to the same boundary are combined into a group of boundary points, and the group of boundaries are subjected to a sliding average with a step length of 5, that is, the sliding average is performed on the group of boundaries, that is, the step length is 5
Simultaneously calculating the latitude difference between the next boundary point and the previous point, and if the latitude difference is more than 3 degrees, changing the latitude of the next point into the latitude of the previous point after sliding average; and finally, connecting the boundary points subjected to the smoothing treatment to form a boundary of the east-west movement of the vortex.
The invention has the advantages and technical effects that:
the invention provides a method for extracting the east-west movement boundary of vortex by using the existing vortex tracking data. The method extracts the originally fuzzy and invisible boundary and visually expresses the boundary in a mode of connecting the longitude and latitude points of the original fuzzy and invisible boundary, provides basic algorithm support for researching the boundary of the vortex motion in east and west directions, and has reference significance for researching the boundary of the vortex motion direction to a certain extent in the future.
The invention has the following specific advantages:
based on the existing multi-year vortex tracing data extraction boundary, huge data volume provides guarantee for the reasonability and reliability of the boundary.
Gaussian filtering of 3 multiplied by 3 grids is carried out on the global vortex motion direction, and the influence of different points in individual directions on boundary extraction is reduced.
By setting a target sea area extraction boundary, the boundary is extracted in a segmented manner, different sea area vortex motion conditions are different, the segmented extraction can be matched with the vortex motion condition of the current sea area to set a threshold value, and the boundary extraction effect is optimized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a calculated vortex motion pattern.
FIG. 3 is a calculated vortex east-west motion boundary.
FIG. 4 is a superimposed view of a vortex east-west motion boundary and a vortex motion direction grayscale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained and illustrated by means of specific embodiments and with reference to the drawings.
Example (b):
an east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data comprises the following steps (as shown in fig. 1):
(1) Based on the twenty year vortex tracking data used from 2001 to 2020, a 0.25 x 0.25 grid global is created for storing subsequent calculations.
(2) Calculating an average displacement of vortices based on the vortex tracking data;
each vortex tracking datum records the longitude and latitude of each day that the vortex exists. And judging which longitude and latitude grid the vortex is positioned in according to the longitude and latitude of a certain day, subtracting the longitude and latitude of the day from the longitude and latitude data of the second day to obtain the longitude and latitude of vortex displacement, carrying out vector addition on the displacement longitude and latitude of the corresponding vortex in each grid, and then respectively dividing by the number of the vortex corresponding to each grid to obtain the average displacement longitude and latitude of the vortex of each grid. It should be noted that for vortexes which span 360 degrees of longitude (0 degrees of longitude) between two days, the longitude shifts are calculated by adding the longitudes of the two days before and after the vortexes to 360 to obtain the correct longitude variation value, rather than simply subtracting the longitude shifts. The calculation formula of the average displacement longitude of the vortex corresponding to each grid as the latitude is as follows:
wherein
(3) Calculating the vortex motion direction by using the displacement longitude and latitude obtained by the calculation in the step (3);
firstly, the displacement longitude of each grid is divided by the displacement latitude to calculate the sine value of the displacement direction of each grid. And then, dividing the grids into an eastern grid and a western grid according to the positive and negative values of the displacement longitude of each grid, wherein the western grid is determined when the displacement longitude is less than 0, and the eastern grid is determined when the displacement longitude is greater than 0. For the western grid, solving the sine value of the western grid by using an arcsine function, and adding 180 degrees to the solved solution to obtain the vortex motion angle of the grid; for the eastern grid, the sine value of the eastern grid is solved by using an arcsine function, the solution solved by the grid with the positive sine value is the vortex motion angle of the grid, and the grid with the negative sine value needs to add 360 degrees to the solved solution to obtain the vortex motion angle of the grid. The angle calculation formula is as follows:
and finally, sequentially traversing each grid, and subtracting the angle of the grid from 360 degrees to obtain the grid movement direction for the grid with the angle larger than 180 degrees. The final direction of motion characteristic is represented as: the value of the east is 0, the values of the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction are increased, the values of the south or the north are 90, and the value of the west is 180. As shown in the swirling motion pattern of fig. 2, black represents the direction of motion of the grid eastward, and white represents the direction of motion of the grid westward.
(4) Extracting vortex east-west movement boundary points according to the vortex movement direction obtained in the step (3);
firstly, gaussian filtering of 3 multiplied by 3 grids is carried out on the data of the vortex motion direction
And eliminating the influence of larger difference between the motion direction of the individual point and the motion direction of the surrounding points in the vortex motion direction data. Selecting a target sea area to be subjected to boundary extraction, setting a threshold value, sequentially traversing each meridian, traversing the grid data on each meridian from top to bottom, and if the grid number is equal to the number of gridsIf the longitude and the latitude of the grid are smaller than the threshold, recording the longitude and the latitude of the grid as points on the boundary, and stopping traversing the next meridian and starting traversing the grid data of the next meridian if the next grid data is still smaller than the threshold. And extracting each target sea area to obtain a group of boundary points.
(5) Combining a plurality of groups of boundary points extracted from adjacent target sea areas belonging to the same boundary into a group of boundary points, and performing a sliding average with a step length of 5 on the group of boundary points, namely
And simultaneously calculating the latitude difference between the next boundary point and the previous point, and if the latitude difference is more than 3 degrees, changing the latitude of the next point into the latitude of the previous point after the moving average. And finally, connecting the boundary points subjected to smoothing treatment to form the east-west movement boundary of the vortex.
The result is shown in fig. 3 and 4, where the gray curve in fig. 3 is the east-west motion boundary of the south pole circumflex region from 20 ° to 165 °. Fig. 4 is a superimposed view of the vortex east-west movement boundary and the vortex movement direction gray scale, black representing the grid movement direction east and white representing the grid movement direction west.
The experimental result shows that by using the method for extracting the boundary of the vortex east-west motion provided by the invention, the originally fuzzy and invisible boundary can be extracted and visually expressed in a mode of connecting longitude and latitude points.
Claims (8)
1. An east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting vortex tracking data, and establishing a global longitude and latitude grid relative to the resolution ratio according to the resolution ratio of the used vortex tracking data for storing subsequent calculation results;
s2: calculating the average longitude and latitude of vortex displacement in each longitude and latitude grid according to the vortex tracking data, and storing the average longitude and latitude in the global longitude and latitude grid;
s3: calculating the vortex movement direction of each grid by using the calculated average longitude and latitude of the vortex displacement, so as to obtain global vortex movement direction data;
s4: performing Gaussian filtering on the vortex motion direction data, setting a target sea area, setting a threshold value, sequentially traversing each meridian, traversing each grid on each meridian, and determining the latitude of a vortex boundary;
s5: and smoothing the longitude and latitude of the vortex boundary to finally form the east-west movement boundary of the vortex.
2. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data according to claim 1, wherein in S2: each vortex tracking datum records the longitude and latitude of each day when the vortex exists; judging which longitude and latitude grid the vortex is located in according to the longitude and latitude of a certain day, subtracting the longitude and latitude of the day from the longitude and latitude data of the next day to obtain the longitude and latitude of vortex displacement, carrying out vector addition on the displacement longitude and latitude of the corresponding vortex in each grid, and then respectively dividing the displacement longitude and latitude by the number of the corresponding vortex in each grid to obtain the average displacement longitude and latitude of the vortex of each grid; for vortexes that span 360 deg. of longitude between two days, the longitude displacements cannot be simply subtracted, but the longitudes on the two previous and subsequent days are added to 360 to obtain the correct longitude change.
3. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data as claimed in claim 2, wherein the average displacement longitude of the vortex corresponding to each grid is latitude calculation formula as follows:
4. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, firstly, the sine value of each grid displacement direction is calculated by dividing the displacement longitude of each grid by the displacement latitude; then, the grids are divided into an eastern grid and a western grid according to the positive and negative values of the displacement longitude of each grid, the western grid is determined when the displacement longitude is less than 0, and the western grid is determined when the displacement longitude is greater than 0; for the western grid, solving the sine value of the western grid by using an arcsine function, and adding 180 degrees to the solved solution to obtain the vortex motion angle of the grid; for the eastern grid, the sine value of the eastern grid is solved by using an arcsine function, the solution solved by the grid with the positive sine value is the vortex motion angle of the grid, and the grid with the negative sine value needs to add 360 degrees to the solved solution to obtain the vortex motion angle of the grid.
5. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data as claimed in claim 4, wherein the angle calculation formula is as follows:
6. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracking data as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, firstly, gaussian filtering of 3 x 3 grid is performed on vortex motion direction data
Eliminating the influence of larger difference between the motion direction of the individual point and the motion direction of the surrounding points in the vortex motion direction data; selecting a target sea area from which a boundary is to be extracted, setting a threshold, traversing each meridian in sequence, traversing the grid data on each meridian from top to bottom, recording the longitude and the latitude of the grid as points on the boundary if the grid data is smaller than the threshold, stopping the traversal of the meridian and starting to traverse the grid data of the next meridian if the next grid data is still smaller than the threshold; and extracting each target sea area to obtain a group of boundary points.
7. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracking data of claim 6, wherein the gaussian filter is a 3 x 3 grid gaussian filter.
8. The east-west vortex boundary extraction method based on vortex tracing data as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, a plurality of groups of boundary points extracted from adjacent target sea areas belonging to the same boundary are combined into a group of boundary points, and the group of boundary points is subjected to a moving average with a step size of 5, that is, the moving average is performed on the group of boundary points
Simultaneously calculating the latitude difference between the next boundary point and the previous point, and if the latitude difference is more than 3 degrees, changing the latitude of the next point into the latitude of the previous point after sliding average; and finally, connecting the boundary points subjected to the smoothing treatment to form a boundary of the east-west movement of the vortex.
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