CN115826028A - Method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal cavity wiping sample - Google Patents
Method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal cavity wiping sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN115826028A CN115826028A CN202211571356.1A CN202211571356A CN115826028A CN 115826028 A CN115826028 A CN 115826028A CN 202211571356 A CN202211571356 A CN 202211571356A CN 115826028 A CN115826028 A CN 115826028A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal cavity wiping sample, which belongs to the field of radioactivity measurement. By adopting the method for detecting the total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample disclosed by the invention, the wiping material can be quickly dissolved in the scintillation liquid, the attenuation effect of the wiping material on liquid scintillation measurement is effectively avoided, and the detection efficiency and the measurement precision of the alpha and beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of radioactivity measurement, and particularly relates to a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal cavity wiping sample.
Background
Radioactive aerosols enter the human body through the respiratory system, and inhalation is one of the main routes for causing radioactive internal irradiation of personnel. The international commission on radioprotection (ICRP) reports that in human inhaled air, more than 45% of aerosol particles with an activity median aerodynamic diameter of 5 μm are deposited on the anterior nasal passages. Therefore, whether a person is subjected to airborne radioactive internal contamination can be effectively judged by detecting radioactivity in the nasal swab sample or the rhinorrhea sample.
The nose wiping detection is widely applied to the radioactive internal pollution monitoring of related personnel under the conventional operation and accident conditions of nuclear facilities, and mainly aims at 239 Pu、 240 Pu、 241 Pu、 241 Am、 90 Alpha and beta radionuclides difficult to detect such as Sr. The currently reported methods for detecting nasal swabs include the following: 1) The method comprises the following steps that (1) a Japan national atomic energy agency nuclear fuel circulation engineering laboratory (JAEA-NFCEL) wraps a conventional cotton swab head by using an air filter membrane (a wafer with the diameter of 40 mm), then nasal cavity wiping sampling is carried out, and a ZnS (Ag) scintillator detector is used for measuring after the filter membrane is taken down; 2) University of graduate performed nasal swab sampling using a conventional cotton swab, then, a home-made alpha particle wiper detector (mainly comprising a cotton swab fixer and a gold silicon surface barrier detector) is used for measurement; 3) Wiping and sampling by using a conventional cotton swab by a Ross and Alamous national laboratory (LANL) in America, taking off a cotton swab head, immersing the cotton swab head into scintillation liquid, and measuring by using a liquid scintillation instrument; 4) The atomic energy of Canada, gekko river Nuclear laboratory (AECL-CRNL) uses a polyurethane foam swab to wipe and sample, and the swab head is taken off and immersed in scintillation fluidAnd carrying out alpha/beta discrimination measurement by using a liquid scintillation meter.
Compared with the solid detector measurement, the liquid flash alpha/beta discrimination measurement can realize the simultaneous measurement of alpha radioactivity and beta radioactivity when being applied to the analysis of the nasal wiping sample, has higher detection sensitivity on the alpha radioactivity and the beta radioactivity, is simple and convenient to prepare a sample, can automatically change the sample during the measurement, and has obvious technical advantages in the application of the nasal wiping analysis. However, there are still significant technical deficiencies in the current nasal swab sample flash analysis methods. No matter the swab is a conventional cotton swab or a polyurethane foam swab, the attenuation effect of the wiping material on alpha and beta particles exists during liquid flash alpha/beta discrimination measurement, and the detection efficiency and the discrimination effect of the alpha and beta particles are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal cavity wiping sample, which has the technical advantages of rapidness, convenience and high measurement precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, wiping and sampling the nasal cavity by adopting a thermoplastic polyurethane swab;
s2, dissolving the thermoplastic polyurethane swab by using an organic solvent as a dissolving solution;
s3, adding scintillation liquid suitable for alpha/beta discrimination measurement into the dissolving liquid, and oscillating to uniformly mix the sample;
and S4, carrying out alpha/beta discrimination measurement on the prepared sample.
Further, in step S2, the wiping head of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab is dissolved using an organic solvent as a dissolving solution.
Further, the wiping head of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab is thermoplastic polyurethane hot melt adhesive.
Further, the organic solvent as the dissolving solution in step S2 is at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide.
Further, the scintillation liquid is added in the step S3 to ensure that the volume ratio of the dissolving liquid to the scintillation liquid is in the range of 0.1-1.
Further, in step S4, the prepared sample is subjected to α/β discrimination measurement using a liquid scintillation counter.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the invention discloses a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal cavity wiping sample, and provides a simple, convenient, rapid and reliable method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal cavity wiping sample aiming at the detection requirement of pollution in alpha and beta radioactive aerosols of personnel. The nasal cavity wiping sampling is carried out by adopting a thermoplastic polyurethane swab, the wiping head material is dissolved by utilizing an organic solution, and after the wiping head material is uniformly mixed with scintillation liquid, the alpha/beta discrimination measurement is carried out by a liquid scintillation instrument. The wiping material can be completely dissolved in the scintillation liquid, and the attenuation effect of the wiping material on alpha and beta particles is effectively avoided. Compared with the existing nasal swab sample detection technology, the detection efficiency of alpha and beta nuclides in the nasal swab sample is obviously improved, and the interference of the swab material on radioactivity measurement is eliminated. In addition, after the shape of the wiping sampling swab is adjusted, the method is suitable for alpha and beta radioactive surface pollution detection in the environment and workplace.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal swab sample according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in a nasal swab sample, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, wiping and sampling the nasal cavity by adopting a thermoplastic polyurethane swab;
s2, using an organic solvent as a dissolving solution to dissolve a wiping head of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab;
the material of the wiping head is thermoplastic polyurethane hot melt adhesive, and the organic solvent is at least one selected from N, N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
S3, adding scintillation liquid suitable for alpha/beta discrimination measurement into the dissolving liquid, and oscillating to uniformly mix the sample;
the volume ratio of the dissolving liquid to the scintillation liquid is 0.1-1.
And S4, carrying out alpha/beta discrimination measurement on the prepared sample by using a liquid scintillation instrument.
Example two
The detection efficiency of the alpha and beta radioactive liquid scintillation meters is determined by adopting the method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample, which is provided by the first embodiment of the invention, and the method comprises the following steps: taking two nasal cavity sampling swabs, respectively dropwise adding pure alpha radioactive substances and pure beta radioactive substances at a wiping head, carrying out radioactive measurement according to the method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping samples provided by the embodiment of the invention, and calculating the detection efficiency of an alpha radioactive liquid scintillation meter and a beta radioactive liquid scintillation meter according to the measurement results. The detailed steps are as follows:
1) Preparation of alpha radioactive spiked samples: taking 1 thermoplastic polyurethane swab, and dripping 0.1mL of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab into a wiping head 210 Po solution with 1mol/L HNO as the base 3 ， 210 The Po activity was 5.8Bq, after which the swab was placed in a 20mL standard liquid flash bottle and this sample was designated sample 1.
2) Beta radioactivity-labeled sample preparation: taking 1 thermoplastic polyurethane swab, and dripping 0.1mL of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab into a wiping head 90 Sr solution with 1mol/L HNO as matrix 3 Wherein 90 Sr and 90 y is in a long-term equilibrium with radioactivity, 90 sr activity was 21.3Bq, after which the swab was placed in a 20mL standard liquid flash bottle and this sample was designated sample 2.
3) Blank sample: 1 thermoplastic polyurethane swab is taken, and 0.1mL 1mol/L HNO is dripped into a wiping head of the swab 3 Solution, then place the swab in a 20mL standard scintillation vial and this sample is marked as sample 3.
4) To each of samples 1, 2, and 3, 3mL of N, N-dimethylformamide was added, and the wiping head was dissolved by shaking for 30 seconds.
5) 10mL of a commercially available scintillation liquid suitable for the alpha/beta determination is added to each of the samples 1, 2, and 3, and the solution and the scintillation liquid are mixed by shaking for 10 seconds.
6) The sample was measured for 600s using a scintillation counter with an alpha/beta screening measurement module.
7) The counting rate of the sample 1 and the sample 3 in the alpha signal area is calculated to obtain a liquid scintillation counter 210 The detection efficiency of Po is 98.2%; calculated according to the counting rates of the sample 2 and the sample 3 in a beta signal area, the liquid scintillation counter 90 Sr/ 90 The detection efficiency of Y was 97.6%.
EXAMPLE III
The method for testing the measurement accuracy of the total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample provided by the embodiment of the invention is verified, and the method comprises the following steps: alpha and beta radioactive substances are quantitatively added to a nasal cavity sampling swab to serve as known radioactive labeled samples, and the total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample is measured according to the method for detecting the total alpha and total beta radioactivity, and whether the measured value is matched with a theoretical value is checked. The detailed steps are as follows:
1) Preparation of a labeled sample: taking 1 thermoplastic polyurethane swab, and dripping 0.05mL of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab into a wiping head 210 Po solution (1 mol/L HNO solution substrate) 3 The solution is prepared by mixing a solvent and a solvent, 210 po activity 3.2 Bq) and 0.05mL 90 Sr solution (solution matrix is 1mol/L HNO) 3 Wherein 90 Sr and 90 y is in a long-term equilibrium with radioactivity, 90 sr activity 10.8 Bq), after which the wiping head is placed in a 20mL standard liquid flash bottle and this sample is marked as sample 4.
2) Blank sample: 1 thermoplastic polyurethane swab was taken and 0.1mL of 1mol/L HNO3 solution was added dropwise to the swab head, after which the swab head was placed in a 20mL standard scintillation vial and this sample was designated sample 5.
3) To samples 4 and 5, 3mL of N, N-dimethylformamide was added, and the wiping head was dissolved by shaking for 30 seconds.
4) 10mL of a commercially available scintillation liquid suitable for the alpha/beta screening measurement was added to each of samples 4 and 5, and the solution and the scintillation liquid were mixed by shaking for 10 seconds.
5) The sample was measured for 600s using a scintillation counter with an alpha/beta screening measurement module.
6) According to the counting rate of the samples 4 and 5 in the alpha signal region and in the first embodiment 210 Calculation of detection efficiency of Po to obtain the value of 210 The Po activity was 3.4Bq.
According to the counting rate of the samples 4 and 5 in the beta signal region and in the first embodiment 90 Sr/ 90 The detection efficiency of Y is calculated to obtain the value of 90 Sr+ 90 The activity of Y is 20.9Bq, therefore, the radioactivity measurement is carried out by adopting the method for detecting the total alpha radioactivity and the total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample provided by the embodiment of the invention, the detected measured value is consistent with the theoretical value, and the measurement precision is high.
According to the embodiment, the method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal swab sample disclosed by the invention comprises the steps of carrying out nasal swab sampling by adopting a thermoplastic polyurethane swab, dissolving a wiping head of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab by using an organic solvent as a dissolving solution, adding a scintillation liquid suitable for alpha/beta discrimination measurement into the dissolving solution, oscillating to uniformly mix the sample, and carrying out alpha/beta discrimination measurement on the prepared sample. By adopting the method for detecting the total alpha and total beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample disclosed by the invention, the wiping material can be quickly dissolved in the scintillation liquid, the attenuation effect of the wiping material on liquid scintillation measurement is effectively avoided, and the detection efficiency and the measurement precision of the alpha and beta radioactivity in the nasal cavity wiping sample are improved.
The method of the present invention is not limited to the examples described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, wiping and sampling the nasal cavity by adopting a thermoplastic polyurethane swab;
s2, dissolving the thermoplastic polyurethane swab by using an organic solvent as a dissolving solution;
s3, adding scintillation liquid suitable for alpha/beta discrimination measurement into the dissolving liquid, and oscillating to uniformly mix the sample;
and S4, carrying out alpha/beta discrimination measurement on the prepared sample.
2. A method of detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the wiping head of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab is dissolved using an organic solvent as a dissolving solution.
3. A method of detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the wiping head of the thermoplastic polyurethane swab is thermoplastic polyurethane hot melt adhesive.
4. A method of detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the organic solvent used as the dissolving solution in step S2 is at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
5. A method of detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step S3, adding the scintillation liquid to enable the volume ratio of the dissolving liquid to the scintillation liquid to be 0.1-1.
6. A method of detecting total alpha and total beta radioactivity in nasal swab samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the step S4, carrying out alpha/beta discrimination measurement on the prepared sample by using a liquid scintillation meter.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116594054A (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-08-15 | 清华大学 | The method comprises the following steps of 233 Pa standard gamma source and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116594054A (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-08-15 | 清华大学 | The method comprises the following steps of 233 Pa standard gamma source and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116594054B (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-09-26 | 清华大学 | The method comprises the following steps of 233 Pa standard gamma source and preparation method and application thereof |
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