CN115825950A - Satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system, which comprises: the L-band radar comprises an L-band antenna, an L-band radar host and an L-band radar echo processor, and is used for searching a target to acquire position information and an RCS value of the target; the C-band radar comprises a C-band antenna, a C-band radar host and a C-band radar echo processor, and is used for tracking the target to obtain the motion trail of the target; the mode reconstruction unit is used for reconstructing a tracking mode of the C-band radar on the track according to the output information of the L-band radar; wherein the number of targets is plural. The large-scale target searching and detecting in the large-scale area is realized by adopting the L-band radar, the C-band radar working mode is reconstructed on the orbit, the C-band radar is guided to track the large-scale targets in batches in the large-scale area, the system complexity and the satellite on-orbit processing pressure are favorably reduced, the searching range is large, and the target tracking capability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system.
Background
The satellite-borne radar can penetrate through clouds and fog, realizes sea detection and monitoring, and has all-weather detection capability all day long. The traditional single-frequency-band satellite-borne radar is constrained by system complexity, limited beam quantity, complex task scheduling and the like, and is difficult to realize integration of large-range sea surface target search detection and multi-target tracking.
With the rapid development of the satellite-borne radar technology, the satellite-borne radar based on the multi-channel antenna can solve the problems of large-scale search detection and key target tracking to a certain extent, but when the sea surface targets are wide and sparse in distribution range, the satellite-borne radar based on the multi-channel antenna is difficult to track the batch targets which are sparse in distribution, the instantaneous data rate of radar echoes is high, and the on-orbit processing pressure is high. In addition, the satellite-borne radar based on the all-digital array antenna can well solve the problems of large-scale search detection and batch target tracking, but the instantaneous data rate of the echo of the satellite-borne radar of the system is huge, and larger-scale on-orbit processing resources need to be consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system, so as to solve the problems of a high radar instantaneous echo data rate and a high satellite on-orbit processing pressure when detecting and tracking sparse batch targets distributed in a large area.
The embodiment of the invention provides a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system, which comprises: the L-band radar comprises an L-band antenna, an L-band radar host and an L-band radar echo processor, and is used for searching a target to acquire position information and an RCS value of the target; the C-band radar comprises a C-band antenna, a C-band radar host and a C-band radar echo processor, and is used for tracking the target to acquire the motion track of the target; the mode reconstruction unit is used for reconstructing a tracking mode of the C-band radar on the track according to the output information of the L-band radar; wherein the number of targets is plural.
Preferably, the L band antenna with the C band antenna is single-channel phased array antenna, just the L band antenna with the C band antenna is arranged at the coplanar, the L band antenna includes 4L band antenna panels, the C band antenna includes 1C band antenna panel, just the L band antenna panel with the area of C band antenna panel is the same, the L band antenna panel with the C band antenna bread adopts the folding mode fixed.
Preferably, the area of the L-band antenna is S 1 An intermediate frequency of f 1 And an effective bandwidth of B 1 Satisfies the following conditions: s 1 ≥20m 2 ，f 1 ＝1.28GHz，B 1 = 2-10 MHz; the area of the C-band antenna is S 2 An intermediate frequency of f 2 And an effective bandwidth of B 2 And satisfies the following conditions: s 2 ≥5m 2 ，f 2 ＝5.3GHz，B 2 ＝20～100MHz。
Preferably, the system further comprises a frequency source for generating a synchronous clock of the L-band radar master and the C-band radar master.
Preferably, the search view angle of the L-band antenna is a 15 ° forward squint angle, the L-band antenna employs a large-coverage scanning manner, and the number of scanning beams is 3 to 8.
Preferably, the L-band radar echo processor processes the scanning beam, and includes: distance direction pulse compression processing, azimuth direction coherent processing, large target detection and target position calculation.
Preferably, the C-band antenna scans in a phased array time-sharing manner along the azimuth direction, and the squint angle is-20 to 0 degrees when the tracking target is front squint tracking, and is 0 to 15 degrees when the tracking target is rear squint tracking; the C-band antenna scans in time division manner by a phased array along the distance direction, and the single-side incident angle is 10-50 degrees.
Preferably, the number of tracking beams generated by the C-band radar after the tracking mode is reconstructed by the mode reconstruction unit is N, which satisfies the following condition: n is more than or equal to 20.
Preferably, the mode reconstructing unit reconstructs the tracking mode of the C-band radar on the track based on the output information of the L-band radar, including: reconstructing the beam direction of the C-band antenna according to satellite position information, attitude information of the C-band antenna, position information of the target detected by the L-band radar and an RCS value; reconstructing signal parameters of the C-band radar according to RCS values of a plurality of targets in different detection areas, wherein the signal parameters comprise signal pulse width, bandwidth and beam residence time; reconstructing the working time sequence of the C-band radar according to the reconstructed wave beam direction and signal parameters of the C-band antenna; and configuring the tracking mode of the C-band radar according to the reconstructed working time sequence of the C-band radar.
Preferably, the reconstruction of the beam pointing comprises resolving a plurality of beam pointing angles of the C-band antenna
Each of said beam pointing angles corresponds to a target,
θ n respectively, the azimuth angle and the angle of incidence of the nth beam, wherein,
θ n ∈[10°,50°](ii) a The signal parameter reconstruction comprises adjusting a plurality of signal pulse widths tau corresponding to a plurality of beams of the C-band antenna n Bandwidth B n And beam dwell time T n And satisfies the following conditions:
wherein each beam of the C-band antenna corresponds to a target, P t For the peak power of the C-band antenna signal, G t For the C-band antenna transmission gain, σ n RCS value, f, of a target for the nth beam region of the C-band antenna PRF For the system pulse repetition period, R n Is the linear distance, k, of the nth beam region from the satellite 0 Is the Boltzmann constant, T k For the temperature of the radar receiving system, F s For the receiver noise figure, L s Is an external loss attenuation value, and: tau is n ∈[5μs,50μs]，B n ∈[20MHz,100MHz]，T n ∈[10ms,500ms]。
The satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the L-band radar to search and detect large targets in a large-range area, and guides the C-band radar to track large targets in batches in the large-range area through the working mode of the C-band radar which is reconstructed on the orbit by the mode reconstruction unit, so that the complexity of the system and the on-orbit processing pressure of a satellite are reduced, the searching range is large, and the target tracking capability is strong.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a working scene of a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an L-band antenna and a C-band antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the components of a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a satellite-borne dual-band radar search and tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The description of the embodiments of this specification is intended to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the complete specification. In the drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments may be exaggerated and simplified or conveniently indicated. Further, the components of the structures in the drawings are described separately, and it should be noted that the components not shown or described in the drawings are well known to those skilled in the art.
Any reference to directions and orientations in the description of the embodiments herein is merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way. The following description of the preferred embodiments refers to combinations of features which may be present independently or in combination, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
In the following, the embodiment of the present invention takes the search area as an example of a large-scale sea area, and the following description is given:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the system includes an L-band radar 1, a C-band radar 2, and a mode reconstruction unit 301. The L-band radar 1 is used to search for a target to obtain the position information and RCS value of the target. The C-band radar 2 is used for tracking a target to acquire a motion track of the target. The mode reconstruction unit 301 is configured to reconstruct the tracking mode of the C-band radar 2 on-track according to the output information of the L-band radar 1, so as to improve the target tracking efficiency of the C-band radar 2 beam. The RCS value (Radar Cross Section) is a Radar scattering Cross Section value.
The L-band radar 1 includes an L-band antenna 101, an L-band radar main unit 102, and an L-band radar echo processor 103. The L-band antenna 101 is used for receiving and transmitting L-band radar signals and realizing large-range sea surface target search. The L-band radar host 102 is configured to generate an L-band radar signal, receive an L-band radar echo, and control a receiving and transmitting timing sequence of the L-band radar signal. The L-band echo processor 103 is configured to perform distance-direction pulse compression processing, azimuth-direction coherent processing, large-scale target detection, position calculation, and the like on the L-band radar echo signal.
The C-band radar 2 includes a C-band antenna 201, a C-band radar master 202, and a C-band radar echo processor 203. The C-band antenna 201 is used for receiving and transmitting C-band radar signals and achieving sea surface batch target tracking. The C-band radar host 202 is configured to generate a C-band radar signal, receive a C-band radar echo, control a C-band radar signal transceiving timing sequence, and the like. The C-band echo processor 203 is configured to perform processing such as range-direction pulse compression processing, azimuth-direction coherent processing, large-scale target detection and tracking on the C-band radar echo signal.
The mode reconstruction unit 301 is configured to: (1) According to the information such as the large target position, the satellite position, the C-band radar 2 antenna attitude and the like detected by the L-band radar 1, the beam pointing direction of the C-band antenna 201 is reconstructed, and N beam pointing angles of the C-band antenna 201 are calculated
Tracking large sea-surface targets of N areas in a time-sharing manner,
θ n respectively, the azimuth angle and the angle of incidence of the nth beam, wherein,
θ n ∈[10°,50°]. (2) Reconstructing the signal parameters of the C-band radar 2 according to the RCS values of the large-scale sea targets in the N areas calculated by the L-band radar 1, and optimizing N signal pulse widths tau corresponding to N wave beams of the C-band antenna 2 n Bandwidth B n And beam dwell time T n The SNR of the sea surface large targets of the N wave beam areas is all larger than 10dB, namely
Wherein, P t 、G t 、σ n 、f PRF Respectively C wave band radar signal peak power, C wave band antenna emission gain, target RCS value of nth wave beam area, system pulse repetition period, R n 、k 0 、T k 、F s 、L s The linear distance between the nth wave beam region and the satellite, the Boltzmann constant, the temperature of the radar receiving system, the noise coefficient of the receiver, the rain attenuation and other external losses are respectively, and the pulse width tau of the signal n ∈[5μs,50μs]Bandwidth B n ∈[20MHz,100MHz]Beam dwell time T n ∈[10ms,500ms]. (3) And reconstructing the working time sequence of the C-band radar according to the parameters such as the wave beam direction of the C-band antenna, radar signal parameters, wave beam residence time and the like obtained by optimization to generate the working time sequence and flow of the C-band radar. (4) And according to the working time sequence and the flow of the C-band radar, the C-band radar modes are configured one by one, and the sea surface large target tracking in N wave beam areas is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the system further includes a frequency source 401 for generating synchronous clocks required by the L-band radar host 102, the C-band radar host 202, and the mode reconstruction unit 311.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a satellite-mounted dual-band radar (i.e., an L-band radar and a C-band radar) searches and tracks a large-range target on the sea surface. Wherein:
the L-band antenna performs a wide search at a 15 ° forward squint angle. The L-band antenna adopts a scanning mode to perform large-width coverage, and the number of scanning beams is generally 3-8. The L-band radar echo processor completes echo signal processing corresponding to 3-8 scanning beams, and mainly comprises range direction pulse compression processing, azimuth direction coherent processing, large target detection, target position calculation and output of the position and RCS value of a large target on the sea surface.
The C-band antenna realizes large-area sea surface target tracking with an oblique viewing angle of-20-15 degrees in a phased array time-sharing scanning mode along the azimuth direction, and the front oblique view is positive, and the rear oblique view is negative. The C-band antenna realizes the wide-range sea surface target tracking with a single-side incidence angle of 10-50 degrees in a phased array time-sharing scanning mode along the distance direction. The beam pointing direction of the C-band antenna generates a beam scanning time sequence according to the position of a large sea target, the position of a satellite and other information through in-orbit reconstruction, the large sea target is tracked, N tracking beams can be generated to the maximum extent, and N is generally more than or equal to 20. And the C-band radar echo processor completes range direction pulse compression processing, azimuth direction coherent processing, large target detection and tracking processing in all tracking beams, and extracts the motion trail of the large target.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the L-band antenna and the C-band antenna are arranged in the same plane, both adopt a single-channel phased array antenna system, and both have two-dimensional beam scanning capability. The area of the L-band antenna is S1, the center frequency is f1, the effective bandwidth is B1, f1=1.28GHz, B1= 2-10 MHz, and S1 ≥ 20m2. The area of the C-band antenna is S2, the intermediate frequency is f2, the effective bandwidth is B2, f2=5.3GHz, B2= 20-100MHz and S2 is more than or equal to 5m2. Adopt 5 antenna panel folding methods to fix L wave band antenna and C wave band antenna together, expand in the space, form 5 band formula dual-band antenna, satisfy S1=4 x S2, L wave band antenna includes 4 antenna panels promptly, and C wave band antenna includes 1 antenna panel, and the area of every antenna panel is the same. And synchronous clocks of the L-band radar host and the C-band radar host are generated by the same frequency source.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the mode-on-track reconfiguration flow includes: c-band antenna beam reconstruction S-a, which is used for calculating the number of beams and pointing angles of the C-band antenna so as to track large targets in a plurality of areas on the sea surface; c-band radar signal parameter reconstruction S-b is used for optimizing parameters such as signal time width, bandwidth and beam residence time corresponding to each beam of the C-band radar; c-band radar working time sequence reconstruction S-C is used for performing on-orbit programming on a plurality of tracking wave beams and signal receiving and transmitting time sequences of the C-band radar; and the C-band radar mode is configured with S-d and is used for sequentially configuring a plurality of tracking beams to realize large-scale target tracking in a plurality of areas on the sea surface.
It should be noted that the present embodiment is not limited to the present invention, and the present invention can be applied to searching and tracking of targets on the sea surface, and can also be applied to other scenes where targets are sparsely distributed in a large area.
The satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention realizes the integration of the L-band antenna and the C-band antenna by adopting a segmented folding mode, realizes the searching and detection of a large-range sea surface target by utilizing a scanning mode of the L-band radar, performs on-orbit real-time reconstruction on a working mode of the C-band radar by adopting a mode on-orbit reconstruction technology, guides the C-band radar to track a large-scale sea surface target in batches, greatly reduces the complexity and on-orbit processing pressure of the system, and has the advantages of low system complexity, large searching range, strong target tracking capability and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system, the system comprising:
the L-band radar comprises an L-band antenna, an L-band radar host and an L-band radar echo processor, and is used for searching a target to acquire position information and an RCS value of the target;
the C-band radar comprises a C-band antenna, a C-band radar host and a C-band radar echo processor, and is used for tracking the target to acquire the motion track of the target;
the mode reconstruction unit is used for reconstructing a tracking mode of the C-band radar on the track according to the output information of the L-band radar;
wherein the number of targets is plural.
2. The space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system according to claim 1, wherein said L band antenna and said C band antenna are both single-channel phased array antennas, and said L band antenna and said C band antenna are arranged on the same plane, said L band antenna comprises 4L band antenna panels, said C band antenna comprises 1C band antenna panel, and said L band antenna panel and said C band antenna panel have the same area, and said L band antenna panel and said C band antenna panel are fixed in a folded manner.
3. The space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system according to claim 1, wherein said L-band antenna has an area S 1 An intermediate frequency of f 1 And an effective bandwidth of B 1 And satisfies the following conditions: s 1 ≥20m 2 ，f 1 ＝1.28GHz，B 1 ＝2～10MHz；
The area of the C-band antenna is S 2 An intermediate frequency of f 2 And an effective bandwidth of B 2 Satisfies the following conditions: s 2 ≥5m 2 ，f 2 ＝5.3GHz，B 2 ＝20～100MHz。
4. The space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system according to claim 1, further comprising a frequency source for generating synchronized clocks for said L band radar master and said C band radar master.
5. The space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the search view angle of the L-band antenna is a 15 ° forward-tilt view angle, the L-band antenna employs a large-coverage scanning mode, and the number of scanning beams is 3-8.
6. The space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system according to claim 5, wherein said L-band radar echo processor processes said scanned beam, comprising: distance direction pulse compression processing, azimuth direction coherent processing, large target detection and target position calculation.
7. The satellite-borne dual band radar searching and tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the C-band antenna scans in azimuth in phased array time division, with a squint angle of-20 ° to 0 ° when the tracking target is forward squint tracking, and a squint angle of 0 ° to 15 ° when the tracking target is backward squint tracking; the C-band antenna scans along the distance direction in a phased array time-sharing mode, and the single-side incident angle is 10-50 degrees.
8. The satellite-borne dual-band radar searching and tracking system according to claim 7, wherein the number of tracking beams generated by the C-band radar after the tracking mode is reconstructed by the mode reconstruction unit is N, which satisfies: n is more than or equal to 20.
9. The two-band radar search and tracking system on-board a satellite according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the mode reconstructing unit reconstructs the tracking mode of the C-band radar on-track based on the output information of the L-band radar, comprising:
reconstructing the beam direction of the C-band antenna according to satellite position information, attitude information of the C-band antenna, position information of the target detected by the L-band radar and an RCS value;
reconstructing signal parameters of the C-band radar according to RCS values of a plurality of targets in different detection areas, wherein the signal parameters comprise signal pulse width, bandwidth and beam residence time;
reconstructing the working time sequence of the C-band radar according to the reconstructed wave beam direction and signal parameters of the C-band antenna;
and configuring the tracking mode of the C-band radar according to the reconstructed working time sequence of the C-band radar.
10. According toThe space-borne dual band radar search and tracking system of claim 9 wherein said reconstruction of beam pointing includes resolving a plurality of beam pointing angles of said C-band antenna
Each of the beam pointing angles corresponds to an object,
θ n respectively, the azimuth angle and the angle of incidence of the nth beam, wherein,
θ n ∈[10°,50°]；
the signal parameter reconstruction comprises adjusting a plurality of signal pulse widths tau corresponding to a plurality of beams of the C-band antenna n Bandwidth B n And beam dwell time T n Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein each beam of the C-band antenna corresponds to a target, P t For the peak power of the C-band antenna signal, G t For the C-band antenna transmission gain, σ n RCS value, f, of a target for the nth beam region of the C-band antenna PRF For the system pulse repetition period, R n Is the linear distance, k, of the nth beam area from the satellite 0 Is the Boltzmann constant, T k For the temperature of the radar receiving system, F s For the receiver noise figure, L s Is an external loss attenuation value, and: tau. n ∈[5μs,50μs]，B n ∈[20MHz,100MHz]，T n ∈[10ms,500ms]。
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