CN115825641A - Power distribution network single-phase earth fault line selection method and system based on electrical break variable - Google Patents
Power distribution network single-phase earth fault line selection method and system based on electrical break variable Download PDFInfo
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- CN115825641A CN115825641A CN202211311859.5A CN202211311859A CN115825641A CN 115825641 A CN115825641 A CN 115825641A CN 202211311859 A CN202211311859 A CN 202211311859A CN 115825641 A CN115825641 A CN 115825641A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for selecting a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network based on electrical break variables, wherein the method comprises the steps of judging whether the single-phase earth fault occurs according to bus voltage read in real time; respectively calculating and obtaining abrupt variables of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs; respectively determining a circuit with the maximum mutation quantity of current, active power and reactive power; and if the circuit with the largest mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power is the same circuit, judging that the circuit is the circuit with the single-phase earth fault. According to the method, additional detection equipment is not needed, only the electric quantity before and after the fault occurs is read through the existing power distribution network dispatching platform, and the fault line is judged according to the quantity relation between the electric outburst variables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 10kV power distribution networks, in particular to a single-phase earth fault line selection method and system of a power distribution network based on electrical sudden change.
Background
The single-phase earth fault is the most fault form of the power distribution network, and accounts for about more than 80%, and the problem of fault line selection of the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network is a long-standing technical problem. Around the problem of line selection of single-phase earth faults of a power distribution network, domestic and foreign science and technology workers carry out extensive research and provide various line selection methods, and the traditional line selection methods can be divided into the following categories: (1) The line selection method based on the power frequency zero sequence current selects lines by comparing the amplitude and the polarity of the zero sequence current or comparing the amplitude phase with the group; (2) An active current or active power direction method, which mainly realizes line selection by comparing the amplitude, polarity and direction of active components of a line; (3) The harmonic method is a method for determining a fault line by comprehensively comparing the amplitude and the polarity of harmonic waves; (4) The method comprises the steps of firstly, judging whether a line has a fault or not, if so, changing the inductance value of an arc suppression coil to change the zero sequence current of each line, and judging which line the fault occurs according to the change rate of the zero sequence current of the line; (5) The first half-wave method is a method for selecting lines according to the difference of zero-sequence current characteristics of a fault line and a non-fault line in a first half period when a fault occurs; (6) The transient parameter identification method uses the difference of line admittance at the moment of fault as the basis of line selection. These traditional line selection methods have their own advantages and application range, but also have the following disadvantages: (1) The engineering application of the methods needs to install a signal detection device, the investment needs to be increased, and the power failure is needed when the detection equipment is installed, so that the power failure loss is additionally increased, and the reliability of power supply is reduced; (2) The accuracy of line selection is generally low when high impedance grounding occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a power distribution network single-phase earth fault line selection method and system based on electrical break variables.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a single-phase earth fault line selection method of a power distribution network based on electrical sudden change comprises the following steps:
s101, judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time, and if the single-phase earth fault occurs, skipping to execute the step S102;
s102, respectively calculating and obtaining abrupt changes of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs;
s103, determining a circuit with the maximum mutation quantity of current, active power and reactive power respectively;
and S104, if the lines with the largest mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power are the same line, judging that the line is the line with the single-phase earth fault.
Optionally, the step S101 of determining whether the single-phase ground fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time includes calculating a zero-sequence voltage unbalance of the line according to the bus voltage read in real time, and determining that the single-phase ground fault occurs if the calculated zero-sequence voltage unbalance of the line exceeds a preset threshold.
Optionally, the preset threshold is 10%.
Optionally, step S102 includes:
s201, respectively reading current, active power and reactive power of each line within a specified time length before and after a fault occurs from a database of a dispatching platform based on the time electricity of the single-phase earth fault;
and S202, calculating abrupt change quantities of current, active power and reactive power before and after the fault according to the current, the active power and the reactive power of each line in the specified time before and after the fault.
Alternatively, the specified time period in step S201 is 5 minutes.
Optionally, the step S202 of calculating the abrupt change amounts of the current, the active power and the reactive power before and after the fault occurs includes calculating an absolute value of a difference between the currents of the lines in a specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the abrupt change amount of the current, calculating an absolute value of a difference between the active power of the lines in the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the abrupt change amount of the active power, and calculating an absolute value of a difference between the reactive power of the lines in the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the abrupt change amount of the reactive power.
Optionally, step S104 further includes, when the line with the largest sudden change of the current, the active power, and the reactive power is not the same line, if the sudden change of the active power of a certain line is the largest and is greater than (n-2) times of the sudden change of the active power of other lines, determining that the line is a line with a single-phase ground fault, where n is the total number of lines.
In addition, the invention also provides a power distribution network single-phase earth fault line selection system based on electrical abrupt change, which comprises:
the fault detection program unit is used for judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time;
the electric sudden change calculation program unit is used for calculating and obtaining sudden changes of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs;
the maximum abrupt change line positioning program unit is used for respectively determining a line with the maximum abrupt change of the current, the active power and the reactive power;
and the fault line positioning program unit is used for judging that the line is the line with the single-phase earth fault if the lines with the maximum mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power are the same line.
In addition, the invention also provides a single-phase earth fault line selection system of the power distribution network based on the electrical outburst variable, which comprises a microprocessor and a memory which are connected with each other, wherein the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the single-phase earth fault line selection method of the power distribution network based on the electrical outburst variable.
Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, the computer program being programmed or configured by a microprocessor to execute the method for selecting single-phase earth fault line of power distribution network based on electrical break variable
Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, no additional detection equipment is needed, and only the electric quantities (such as voltage, current, active power and reactive power) before and after the fault occurs are respectively read through the existing power distribution network dispatching platform, and the fault line is judged according to the quantity relation among the electric abrupt change quantities.
2. The method of the invention is little affected by the grounding resistance of the fault point and has high line selection precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a power distribution network in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a basic flow of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a power distribution network in this embodiment, where n outgoing lines of 10kV are provided in the power distribution network with ungrounded neutral points, and a line bus is connected to three-phase symmetric voltage sources: (
And
) Parameters and load of each line Z L Are all the same and are three-phase symmetrical, and the load Z L Has a power factor angle of
The fault occurs in phase A of the nth line, and the point-to-ground resistance of the fault is R f (ii) a Steady state current at fault point is I f . And (3) analyzing by adopting a symmetrical component method, and obtaining the mutation quantity of the steady-state current of each loop before and after the fault (1). Specifically, the amount of sudden change in the non-fault line current before and after the fault is as follows:
in the above formula,. DELTA.I fiA 、ΔI fiB And Δ I fiC Sudden change of current, I, for three phases A, B, C, respectively, in a non-faulted loop 0 For a given current of the electric current it is,
for each phase conductor to earth capacitance C 0 And the power factor angle of the fault point to ground resistance,
is a load Z L Angle of power factor I f N is the number of lines, and i is the serial number of the lines.
The sudden change amount of the fault line (nth loop) current before and after the fault is shown as follows:
in the above formula,. DELTA.I fnA 、ΔI fnB And Δ I fnC The three phases of current in the non-fault loop A, B, C, respectively.
The amount of sudden change in active power of the non-faulted line before and after the fault is shown as follows:
the sudden change of the active power of the fault line before and after the fault is shown as follows:
wherein, Δ P i For sudden changes in active power, Δ P, of non-faulted lines before and after a fault n For sudden changes in active power of faulty lines before and after a fault, P f0 Is the active power related to the zero sequence current.
The sudden change of the reactive power of the non-fault line before and after the fault is shown as follows:
ΔQ i ＝-Q f0 ，
the sudden change of the reactive power of the fault line before and after the fault is shown as follows:
ΔQ n ＝(n-1)Q f0 ，
wherein, is Δ Q i For sudden changes in reactive power, Δ Q, of non-faulty lines before and after a fault n For fault lines before and after a faultSudden change in reactive power, Q f0 Is the reactive power related to the zero sequence current. And has the following components:
in the above formula, ω is the angular frequency of the grid, C 0 For each phase of the conductor to ground capacitance,
is the voltage of the voltage source of the a-phase,
for each phase conductor to earth capacitance C 0 The conjugation of zero sequence current, j is an imaginary unit. The above formula assumes that the line parameters are completely symmetrical, neglects the resistance and inductance of the line, the actual transmission line is not completely symmetrical, the existence of the resistance and inductance of the line can also affect the magnitude of the electrical sudden change quantity, but the current, active power and reactive power sudden change quantity of the fault line is far larger than the basic characteristics of a non-fault loop and cannot be changed, and the characteristic provides a theoretical basis for a single-phase earth fault line selection method based on the electrical sudden change quantity. On this basis, as shown in fig. 2, the method for selecting a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network based on electrical break variables in the present embodiment includes:
s101, judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time, and if the single-phase earth fault occurs, skipping to execute the step S102;
s102, respectively calculating and obtaining abrupt changes of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs;
s103, respectively determining a circuit with the maximum mutation quantity of current, active power and reactive power;
and S104, if the lines with the largest mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power are the same line, judging that the line is the line with the single-phase earth fault.
In this embodiment, the step S101 of determining whether the single-phase ground fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time includes calculating a zero-sequence voltage unbalance of the line according to the bus voltage read in real time, and determining that the single-phase ground fault occurs if the calculated zero-sequence voltage unbalance of the line exceeds a preset threshold. The preset threshold may be selected according to experience and practical situations, for example, as an optional implementation, the preset threshold is 10% in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, step S102 includes:
s201, respectively reading the current, active power and reactive power of each line within a specified time before and after a fault occurs from a database of a scheduling platform based on the electricity at the moment of single-phase earth fault occurrence;
and S202, calculating abrupt change quantities of current, active power and reactive power before and after the fault according to the current, the active power and the reactive power of each line in the specified time before and after the fault.
The specified time length before and after the fault occurs may be selected according to experience and actual conditions, for example, as an optional implementation manner, the specified time length in step S201 in this embodiment is 5 minutes.
In this embodiment, the step S202 of calculating the abrupt change of the current, the active power, and the reactive power before and after the fault occurs includes calculating an absolute value of a difference between currents of the lines in the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the abrupt change of the current, calculating an absolute value of a difference between active powers of the lines in the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the abrupt change of the active power, calculating an absolute value of a difference between reactive powers of the lines in the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the abrupt change of the reactive power, and eliminating the influence of the direction by absolute value processing.
Referring to fig. 1, as an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, step S104 further includes when a line with the largest sudden change of current, active power, and reactive power is not the same line, and if the sudden change of active power of a certain line is the largest and is greater than (n-2) times the sudden change of active power of other lines, determining that the line is a line with a single-phase ground fault, where n is a total number of lines.
In summary, in the present embodiment, the power distribution network single-phase ground fault line selection method based on the electrical break variable directly reads the voltage, the current, the active electrical quantity and the reactive electrical quantity of the line from the power distribution network scheduling platform in real time, calculates the electrical break variable before and after the single-phase ground fault occurs, and uses the electrical break variable as the line selection basis.
In addition, the method completely corresponds to the method for selecting a single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the electrical break variable in the present embodiment, and the present embodiment further provides a system for selecting a single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the electrical break variable, including:
the fault detection program unit is used for judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time;
the electric sudden change calculation program unit is used for calculating and obtaining sudden changes of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs;
the maximum abrupt change line positioning program unit is used for respectively determining a line with the maximum abrupt change of the current, the active power and the reactive power;
and the fault line positioning program unit is used for judging that the line is the line with the single-phase earth fault if the lines with the maximum mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power are the same line.
In addition, the embodiment also provides an electric break variable-based power distribution network single-phase ground fault line selection system, which comprises a microprocessor and a memory which are connected with each other, wherein the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the electric break variable-based power distribution network single-phase ground fault line selection method.
Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is programmed or configured by a microprocessor to execute the aforementioned single-phase ground fault line selection method for a power distribution network based on electrical fault parameters.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single-phase earth fault line selection method of a power distribution network based on electrical sudden change is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time, and if the single-phase earth fault occurs, skipping to execute the step S102;
s102, respectively calculating and obtaining abrupt changes of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs;
s103, respectively determining a circuit with the maximum mutation quantity of current, active power and reactive power;
and S104, if the lines with the largest mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power are the same line, judging that the line is the line with the single-phase earth fault.
2. The method for selecting the single-phase ground fault of the power distribution network based on the electrical break variable according to claim 1, wherein the step S101 of determining whether the single-phase ground fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time includes calculating a zero-sequence voltage unbalance of the line according to the bus voltage read in real time, and determining that the single-phase ground fault occurs if the calculated zero-sequence voltage unbalance of the line exceeds a preset threshold.
3. The electrical break variable-based single-phase ground fault line selection method for the power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the preset threshold is 10%.
4. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the electrical mutation quantity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S102 comprises:
s201, respectively reading current, active power and reactive power of each line within a specified time length before and after a fault occurs from a database of a dispatching platform based on the time electricity of the single-phase earth fault;
and S202, calculating abrupt change quantities of current, active power and reactive power before and after the fault according to the current, the active power and the reactive power of each line in the specified time before and after the fault.
5. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the electrical mutation quantity as claimed in claim 4, wherein the specified time in the step S201 is 5 minutes.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step S202 of calculating the sudden change of the current, the active power and the reactive power before and after the fault occurs comprises calculating an absolute value of a difference between the currents of the lines within a specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the sudden change of the current, calculating an absolute value of a difference between the active power of the lines within the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the sudden change of the active power, and calculating an absolute value of a difference between the reactive power of the lines within the specified time period before and after the fault occurs as the sudden change of the reactive power.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S104 further includes, when the line with the largest sudden change of current, active power and reactive power is not the same line, if the sudden change of active power of a certain line is the largest and is greater than (n-2) times the sudden change of active power of other lines, determining that the certain line is the line with the single-phase ground fault, where n is the total number of lines.
8. The utility model provides a distribution network single-phase earth fault route selection system based on electrical abrupt change volume which characterized in that includes:
the fault detection program unit is used for judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the bus voltage read in real time;
the electric sudden change calculation program unit is used for calculating and obtaining sudden changes of current, active power and reactive power before and after a fault occurs;
the maximum abrupt change line positioning program unit is used for respectively determining a line with the maximum abrupt change of the current, the active power and the reactive power;
and the fault line positioning program unit is used for judging that the line is the line with the single-phase earth fault if the lines with the maximum mutation quantity of the current, the active power and the reactive power are the same line.
9. An electrical break variable based single-phase earth fault line selection system for a power distribution network, comprising a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, wherein the microprocessor is programmed or configured to perform the electrical break variable based single-phase earth fault line selection method for the power distribution network according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is programmed or configured by a microprocessor to execute the electrical break variable-based single-phase earth fault line selection method for the distribution network according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN117578372A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-20 | 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Grounding transformer protection device and protection method for automatic combined cutting small resistor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117578372A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-20 | 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Grounding transformer protection device and protection method for automatic combined cutting small resistor |
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