CN115825394A - Method for measuring and evaluating versatility of constructed wetland ecosystem - Google Patents
Method for measuring and evaluating versatility of constructed wetland ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN115825394A CN115825394A CN202211595477.XA CN202211595477A CN115825394A CN 115825394 A CN115825394 A CN 115825394A CN 202211595477 A CN202211595477 A CN 202211595477A CN 115825394 A CN115825394 A CN 115825394A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb] WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000586290 Suaeda salsa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring and evaluating the versatility of an artificial wetland ecosystem, which comprises the steps of measuring six ecosystem functions of primary productivity on the ground, litter degradation rate, soil total nitrogen content, soil total phosphorus content, soil organic carbon content and water content, eliminating an abnormal value of each measured single-function numerical value by adopting a box plot method, standardizing data with the abnormal values eliminated, then summing up the standardized values of the single functions of all the ecosystems, and then dividing by the total number of the ecological functions to obtain the ecosystem versatility value with the value range of 0-1. The functionality of the artificial wetland ecosystem can be comprehensively known, and the measuring method is simple and feasible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring and evaluating the versatility of an artificial wetland ecosystem, belonging to the technical field of ecosystem function evaluation.
Background
The wetland ecosystem is an artificial complex polluted ecosystem consisting of high and low organisms mainly comprising large aquatic plants and a substrate in a water saturation state, which is suitable for living under the polluted environment condition, and has an ecological value which is difficult to replace for protecting species and maintaining biological diversity. The artificial wetland ecosystem can provide a plurality of ecosystem functions, so that the evaluation of the versatility of the artificial wetland ecosystem has important significance, and the current research basically evaluates the single function of the ecosystem, but a method for evaluating and evaluating the plurality of ecosystem functions of the artificial wetland ecosystem is lacked.
Chinese patent document 201610943423.6 discloses a method for basin four-stage zoning by combining land factors and water factors, which adopts region differentiation based on land factors influencing water quantity and water quality of a basin water ecosystem and combines the secondary zoning image layer to carry out three-stage zoning so as to generate a three-stage zoning image layer; performing river reach main type division on the watershed according to the regional difference of water factors influencing the ecological environment of aquatic organisms in the watershed, and generating a river reach main type set; and generating a water ecological function subarea map of the drainage basin according to the three-level subarea map layers and the river reach main type set. However, the method focuses on the watershed with a large range of optical scale to perform ecological function division, is not suitable for the artificial wetland ecosystem with a small range, and in addition, the method does not perform unified evaluation on the functions of a plurality of ecosystems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for measuring and evaluating the versatility of the artificial wetland ecosystem, which can comprehensively understand the functionality of the artificial wetland ecosystem by measuring six ecosystem functions of overground primary productivity, litter degradation rate, soil total nitrogen content, soil total phosphorus content, soil organic carbon content and water conservation quantity, and the measuring method is simple and feasible.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring and evaluating the versatility of an artificial wetland ecosystem comprises the following steps:
1) Measuring each single function of the artificial wetland ecosystem, wherein the single functions of the artificial wetland ecosystem comprise aboveground primary productivity, litter degradation rate, soil total nitrogen content, soil total phosphorus content, soil organic carbon content and water conservation quantity;
2) Standardizing ecological single functionality, namely removing abnormal values from each measured single-function numerical value by adopting a box-line graph method, and standardizing data from which the abnormal values are removed, wherein the standardization is that the data are converted by adopting a maximum value to obtain a standardized value, and the standardized value is = (an actual measured value-a minimum value)/(a maximum value-a minimum value); the maximum value is the maximum value in the single-function value set of a certain actually-measured ecological system after the abnormal value is removed, and the minimum value is the minimum value in the single-function value set of the certain actually-measured ecological system after the abnormal value is removed;
3) And calculating the ecological system multifunctional value, summing the standardized values of the single functions of all the ecological systems, and dividing the sum by the total number of the ecological functions to obtain the ecological system multifunctional value with the value range of 0-1.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-ground primary productivity is determined as follows:
at the end of 10 months per year, 1X 1m was collected 2 The whole biomass of the above-ground plants was sealed, dried at 80 ℃ for 48 hours, and the dried mass was weighed as the primary productivity of the colony.
Preferably, the litter degradation rate is determined by the following method according to the invention:
drying reed leaves of common plants in the wetland at 75-85 ℃ for 48h, cutting the reed leaves into small segments of 1-4cm, weighing 10g of reed leaves into plastic mesh bags with the aperture of 1mm, the length of 15cm and the width of 10cm, burying the plastic mesh bags in the depth of 4-6cm of wetland soil in 4 months, taking out the plastic mesh bags at the end of 10 months, washing the plastic mesh bags with clear water, drying the reed leaves of the common plants in the wetland at 80 ℃ for 48h, wherein the weight difference of the two times is the degradation rate of litters.
According to the invention, the method for measuring the total nitrogen content of the soil is preferably as follows:
and at the end of 10 months, collecting the soil of the wetland, drying the soil in a shady and ventilated environment for one month, and then measuring the total nitrogen content of the soil by adopting a high-temperature digestion-Kjeldahl method.
Preferably, the total phosphorus content of the soil is determined by measuring the total phosphorus content of the soil by a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric-resistance method.
According to the invention, the soil organic carbon content is preferably determined by an external heating-potassium dichromate method.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for measuring the water content is as follows:
and (3) adding 10L of distilled water under the wet land dry water level condition, and measuring the change condition of the soil water content.
The high-temperature digestion-Kjeldahl method, the molybdenum-antimony colorimetric resistance method and the external heating-potassium dichromate method are all common methods in the field.
The invention has the technical characteristics and advantages that:
1. according to the evaluation and determination method disclosed by the invention, six ecosystem functions, namely the aboveground primary productivity, the litter degradation rate, the soil total nitrogen content, the soil total phosphorus content, the soil organic carbon content and the water conservation amount, are determined, so that the functionality of the artificial wetland ecosystem can be comprehensively known, and the measurement mode and the method are simple and feasible.
2. The evaluation and determination method provided by the invention performs determination through six ecosystem functions, and is simple and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is normalized ecosystem single function data;
fig. 2 is data of calculated and evaluated ecosystem versatility.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to further illustrate the present invention, but the scope of the invention as claimed should not be limited to the examples.
Example 1
A method for measuring and evaluating the versatility of an artificial wetland ecosystem comprises the following steps:
1) The basic situation of artificially constructing a wetland ecosystem is as follows: the wetland ecosystem is 1 multiplied by 1m 2 The system comprises two different plant combination type plant communities, wherein the plant community A comprises 200 suaeda salsa and 200 suaeda salsa, the plant community B comprises 200 reed and 200 cattail, and each plant combination comprises 4 repeats;
2) The method comprises the following steps of (1) measuring the single functions of the ecological system, including aboveground primary productivity, litter degradation rate, soil total nitrogen content, soil total phosphorus content, soil organic carbon content and water conservation quantity;
measurement of Primary Productivity at the end of 10 months per year, the entire biomass of 1X 1m2 above-ground plants was collected, put into envelopes, dried at 80 ℃ for 48 hours, and the dried mass was weighed as the primary productivity of the colony.
And (3) drying reed leaves of common plants in the wetland at 80 ℃ for 48 hours, cutting the reed leaves into small sections of 2cm, and weighing 10g reed leaves into plastic mesh bags with the aperture of 1mm, the length of 15cm and the width of 10 cm. Burying in 5cm depth of wetland soil in 4 months, taking out the plastic mesh bag at the end of 10 months, washing with clear water, drying reed leaves of wetland common plants at 80 deg.C for 48h, and making the mass difference of two times be the degradation rate of litters.
At the end of 10 months, collecting the soil of the wetland, drying the soil in a shady and ventilated environment for one month, then determining the total nitrogen content of the soil by adopting a high-temperature digestion-Ky type nitrogen determination method, determining the total phosphorus content of the soil by adopting a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric resistance method, and determining the organic carbon content of the soil by adopting an external heating-potassium dichromate method.
And (3) adding 10L of distilled water under the wet land dry water level condition, and measuring the change condition of the soil water content.
3) Standardizing ecological single functionality, namely removing abnormal values from each measured single-function numerical value by adopting a box-line graph method, and standardizing data from which the abnormal values are removed, wherein the standardization is that the data are converted by adopting a maximum value to obtain a standardized value, and the standardized value is = (an actual measured value-a minimum value)/(a maximum value-a minimum value); the maximum value is the maximum value in the single-function value set of a certain actually-measured ecological system after the abnormal value is removed, and the minimum value is the minimum value in the single-function value set of the certain actually-measured ecological system after the abnormal value is removed;
the normalized values of the aboveground primary productivity, the degradation rate of the litters, the total nitrogen content of the soil, the total phosphorus content of the soil, the organic carbon content of the soil and the water conservation quantity are shown in figure 1:
4) And calculating the ecological system multifunctional value, summing the standardized values of the single functions of all the ecological systems, and dividing the sum by the total number of the ecological functions to obtain the ecological system multifunctional value with the value range of 0-1, wherein the calculated and evaluated data of the ecological system multifunctional value are shown in figure 2, so that the functions of the artificial wetland ecological system can be comprehensively known, and the measuring method is simple and feasible.
Claims (7)
1. A method for measuring and evaluating the versatility of an artificial wetland ecosystem comprises the following steps:
1) Measuring each single function of the artificial wetland ecosystem, wherein the single functions of the artificial wetland ecosystem comprise aboveground primary productivity, litter degradation rate, soil total nitrogen content, soil total phosphorus content, soil organic carbon content and water conservation quantity;
2) Standardizing ecological single functionality, namely removing abnormal values from each measured single-function numerical value by adopting a box-line graph method, and standardizing data from which the abnormal values are removed, wherein the standardization is that the data are converted by adopting a maximum value to obtain a standardized value, and the standardized value is = (an actual measured value-a minimum value)/(a maximum value-a minimum value); the maximum value is the maximum value in the single-function value set of a certain actually-measured ecological system after the abnormal value is removed, and the minimum value is the minimum value in the single-function value set of the certain actually-measured ecological system after the abnormal value is removed;
3) And calculating the ecological system multifunctional value, summing the standardized values of the single functions of all the ecological systems, and dividing the sum by the total number of the ecological functions to obtain the ecological system multifunctional value with the value range of 0-1.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aboveground primary productivity is determined by:
at the end of 10 months per year, 1X 1m was collected 2 The whole biomass of the above-ground plants was sealed, dried at 80 ℃ for 48 hours, and the dried mass was weighed as the primary productivity of the colony.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the litter degradation rate is determined by:
drying reed leaves of common plants in the wetland at 75-85 ℃ for 48h, cutting the reed leaves into small sections of 1-4cm, weighing 10g reed leaves into plastic mesh bags with the aperture of 1mm, the length of 15cm and the width of 10cm, burying the plastic mesh bags in the depth of 4-6cm of wetland soil in 4 months, taking out the plastic mesh bags at the end of 10 months, washing the plastic mesh bags clean with clear water, drying the reed leaves of the common plants in the wetland at 80 ℃ for 48h, wherein the weight difference of the two times is the degradation rate of litters.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the total nitrogen content of the soil is determined by the following method:
and at the end of 10 months, collecting the soil of the wetland, drying the soil in a shady and ventilated environment for one month, and then measuring the total nitrogen content of the soil by adopting a high-temperature digestion-Kjeldahl method.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the total phosphorus content of the soil is determined by measuring the total phosphorus content of the soil using a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric-resistance method.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the soil organic carbon content is determined by an external heating-potassium dichromate method.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content is measured by the following method:
and (3) adding 10L of distilled water under the wet land dry water level condition, and measuring the change condition of the soil water content.
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