CN115824173A - Leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring and observation method thereof - Google Patents
Leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring and observation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115824173A CN115824173A CN202211558606.8A CN202211558606A CN115824173A CN 115824173 A CN115824173 A CN 115824173A CN 202211558606 A CN202211558606 A CN 202211558606A CN 115824173 A CN115824173 A CN 115824173A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring.A forced centering disc (7) is arranged on an observation base (8); observation prism (9) include prism installation cassette (11), and prism installation cassette (11) are fixed on forcing centering dish (7) through quick connect rod (5) of vertical setting. The invention also discloses an observation method of the observation prism. By adopting the technical scheme, the efficiency of measuring the surface deformation of the reservoir dam is greatly improved, the accidental errors are reduced, and time and efficiency are saved; meanwhile, the accuracy and the reliability of monitoring data are ensured, and the method has good popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pumped storage power station operation guarantee. More specifically, the invention relates to a leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring. The invention also relates to an observation method of the observation prism.
Background
The deformation of the reservoir dam is the comprehensive reflection of the dam body and the foundation state, and is also an important mark for measuring whether the structure is normal, reliable and safe when the dam operates. Therefore, reservoir dam deformation monitoring has been listed as a main observation item of the dam.
For example, a lower reservoir of the Anhui mountain stream pumped storage power station is positioned in a lake and swamp area on the east side of a floating mountain and is surrounded by a homogeneous soil surrounding dike. The foundation of the dike is located on the powdery clay layer (Q3), the dike body is formed by filling powdery clay (Q3), the length of the dike is about 3784m, the top width of the dike is 7.50m, and the maximum dike height is 25.77m. The normal water storage level is 14.60m, and the corresponding storage capacity is 1435 km 3 (ii) a The dead water level is 1.95m, and the corresponding storage capacity is 153 km 3 。
In order to monitor the deformation of the dyke of the lower reservoir, 1 vertical and horizontal displacement measuring point is arranged at the downstream side of the top of the dyke every 200m along the axis of the dyke, and the total number of the vertical and horizontal displacement measuring points is 21. According to the requirements of the technical safety standard of earth and rockfill dams, the monitoring frequency of the surface deformation during the operation period is 1/2-1/month.
The method for measuring the horizontal displacement of the lower reservoir is that a total station is erected on a working base point, and a prism group is installed on a forced centering disc of a monitoring point; the prism group consists of a prism lens, a connecting rod and a base with quasi-air bubbles; observing by adopting a polar coordinate or intersection method; at present, observation piers are generally built for surface level monitoring, and forced centering discs are pre-buried on the observation piers.
During monitoring, an observation prism is installed on the centering disc, the total station is used for carrying out corner observation, and displacement of each monitoring point in the horizontal direction is obtained after adjustment. The observation prism is basically formed by connecting a prism lens, a connecting support and a base in sequence, wherein the base comprises horizontal air bubbles and foot screws, after the observation prism is installed on the forced centering disc, the three foot screws are used for adjusting the base to be horizontal, and the height from the disc surface of the centering disc to the center of the prism is measured by a steel plate ruler.
During the use process, the following defects are found in the observation by using the prism connecting mode with the base:
1. the installation, leveling and mirror height measurement of the prism are required for each measurement, so that the time is consumed, the working efficiency is influenced, and the heights of the prisms are different due to different screw adjustments of feet each time;
2. the leveling precision of the prism and the high-measurement precision of the mirror are easily influenced by the service proficiency, technical level and responsibility of an operator, so that accidental errors are increased;
3. the prism with the leveling device base is easy to have the conditions of prism bubbles and foot spiral damage in the daily use process;
4. the prism base leveling bubble needs to be checked periodically.
In order to reduce accidental errors and prolong the service life of the prism, the connection, installation and use methods of the prism in the prior art need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring, aiming at improving the observation efficiency and eliminating centering errors and mirror height measurement errors.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring, which is applied to a vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point of a reservoir, wherein the vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point is provided with an observation base; a forced centering disc is arranged on the observation base; the observation prism comprises a prism mounting clamping seat, and the prism mounting clamping seat is fixed on the forced centering disc through a vertically arranged quick connecting rod.
The upper part of the quick connecting rod is provided with a connecting strut; the lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat is provided with a prism fixing hole, and the connecting support and the prism fixing hole form sliding fit.
The lowest end of the quick connecting rod is provided with a fastening connecting stud, and the forced centering disc is provided with a connecting threaded hole; the fastening connection stud is screwed into the connection threaded hole to form tight fit.
The lower part of the quick connecting rod is provided with a hexagon bolt, and the axis of the hexagon bolt coincides with the axis of the connecting support.
An annular connecting clamping groove is formed in the position, close to the upper end, of the connecting support, and an elastic steel ball is arranged at the corresponding position of the lower portion of the prism mounting clamping seat; and when the observation prism is installed in place, the elastic steel ball is clamped into the connecting clamping groove.
The lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat is provided with a prism locking mechanism for locking the connecting support.
The forced centering disc is embedded in the observation base, and is fastened on the observation base through a plurality of embedded fastening bolts.
The reservoir is a lower reservoir of a pumped storage power station; the vertical horizontal displacement monitoring point is arranged on the reservoir dyke of the lower reservoir.
And arranging one vertical horizontal displacement measuring point every 195-205 m along the center line of the top surface of the reservoir embankment.
In order to achieve the same purpose as the technical scheme, the invention also provides the observation method of the leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring, which comprises the following steps:
before a period of time to be observed, performing construction of an observation base; embedding the forced centering disc in the observation base; fastening the forced centering disc by pre-embedded fastening bolts;
when the vertical and horizontal displacement observation is carried out, a fastening connection stud at the lower end of the quick connection rod is screwed into a connection threaded hole of the forced centering disc and is fastened through a hexagon bolt;
sleeving a prism fixing hole of the prism mounting clamping seat on a connecting support of the quick connecting rod until the elastic steel ball is clamped into the connecting clamping groove;
the prism mounting clamping seat is fixedly connected with the quick connecting rod through a prism locking mechanism;
adjusting the pitch angle of the observation prism; rotating the prism head of the observation prism, aligning the observation instrument, and observing;
during the first measurement, the prism with leveling bubbles and the observation prism are adopted for observing each vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point respectively, and after the adjustment calculation, the system error between the two is obtained for correction in the subsequent measurement;
after the measurement is finished, the prism locking mechanism is loosened, and the observation prism is disassembled; keeping and fixing the quick connecting rod in the forced centering disc;
during each later measurement, the direct prism installation clamping seat is connected with the quick connecting rod;
the monitoring frequency is from once every two months to once every month.
By adopting the technical scheme, the efficiency of measuring the surface deformation of the reservoir dam is greatly improved, the accidental errors are reduced, and time and efficiency are saved; meanwhile, the accuracy and the reliability of monitoring data are ensured, and the method has good popularization and application values.
Drawings
The contents of the drawings and the reference numbers in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall connection structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the quick connect lever of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the elastic support pillar of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fastening stud of the present invention screwed into the connecting threaded hole;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the locking of the prism locking mechanism in the present invention.
Labeled in the figure as:
1. connecting clamping groove, 2, connecting support column, 3, hexagon bolt, 4, fastening connecting stud, 5, quick connecting rod, 6, prism fixed hole, 7, forced centering disc, 8, observation base, 9, observation prism, 10, connecting threaded hole, 11, prism installation clamping seat, 12, prism locking mechanism, 13, reservoir dike, 14 and elastic jack-post.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to help those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the invention as shown in fig. 1 and 2 is a leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring, which is applied to a vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point of a reservoir, and the vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point is provided with an observation base 8.
In order to solve the problems and overcome the defects of the prior art and achieve the purposes of improving the observation efficiency and eliminating the centering error and the high-quantity measurement error of the mirror, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, in the observation prism without leveling for hydraulic monitoring of the present invention, a forced centering disc 7 is disposed on the observation base 8; the observation prism 9 comprises a prism mounting clamping seat 11, and the prism mounting clamping seat 11 is fixed on the forced centering disc 7 through a vertically arranged quick connecting rod 5.
In order to solve the problems that the installation, leveling, height measurement and maintenance of the prism are not changed in the prior art, the invention provides the observation prism 9 quick connection structure, and the observation prism quick connection structure not only can greatly improve the working efficiency, but also can improve the observation precision.
When measuring at every turn, only need carry several observation prisms 9, direct mount observation prism 9, convenient and fast has improved observation efficiency, has eliminated centering error and mirror height survey error. And can protect it well, effectively avoided the damage of prism. The device has greatly improved dam surface deformation measuring's efficiency, reduces the production of accidental error, saves time and high-efficient, has ensured the accuracy of monitoring data simultaneously, has good popularization and application and worth.
The upper part of the quick connecting rod 5 is provided with a connecting strut 2; the lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat 11 is provided with a prism fixing hole 6, and the connecting support 2 and the prism fixing hole 6 form sliding fit.
In order to prevent the use of the centering plate from being affected by rusting, the centering plate 7 and the quick connecting rod 5 are all made of copper alloy.
The lowest end of the quick connecting rod 5 is provided with a fastening connecting stud 4, and the forced centering disc 7 is provided with a connecting threaded hole 10; the fastening connecting stud 4 is screwed into the connecting threaded hole 10 and forms a tight fit.
The thread specification of the fastening connection stud 4 is M14-1.
The specification of the connecting stud 4 is matched with the internal thread of the connecting threaded hole 10 of the forced centering disc 7 which is uniformly used on site, so that the whole quick connecting rod 5 can keep consistent center and tight connection after being screwed.
The lower part of the quick connecting rod 5 is provided with a hexagon bolt 3, and the axis of the hexagon bolt 3 coincides with the axis of the connecting strut 2.
When installing quick connect coupler 5 on forcing centering disk 7, hexagon bolt 3 can be easily fastened by hand or with a wrench.
An annular connecting clamping groove 1 is arranged at a position, close to the upper end, on the connecting support 2, and an elastic steel ball 11 is arranged at a corresponding position on the lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat 11; and when the observation prism 9 is installed in place, the elastic steel ball 11 is clamped into the connecting clamping groove 1.
Connecting slot 1 can be fast will insert the fixed orifices of observing prism 9 and lock and die, also can take off observation prism 9 fast after stopping observing, not only plays the connection effect, also plays spacing effect moreover to guarantee that after 9 of observation prism are observed in every installation, the overall height keeps the uniformity.
The connecting clamping groove 1, the connecting support column 2, the hexagon bolt 3 and the connecting screw 4 are of an integral structure and are concentric.
The lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat 11 is provided with a prism locking mechanism 12 for locking the connecting support 2.
Under the condition of confirming that the observation prism 9 is installed in place, the prism locking mechanism 12 can be locked, and the observation prism 9 is ensured not to be loosened. Because the connecting stud 4 and the quick connecting rod 5 are fixed, the base eccentricity and the bracket eccentricity errors are greatly eliminated.
The forced centering disc 7 is embedded in the observation base 8, and the forced centering disc 7 is fastened on the observation base 8 through a plurality of embedded fastening bolts.
The reservoir is a lower reservoir of a pumped storage power station; the vertical horizontal displacement monitoring point is arranged on the reservoir dyke 13 of the lower reservoir.
And arranging one vertical horizontal displacement measuring point every 195-205 m along the central line of the top surface of the reservoir embankment 13.
Generally, it is sufficient to set a vertical and horizontal displacement measuring point every 200m on the center line of the top surface of the reservoir dike 13.
In order to achieve the same purpose as the technical scheme, the invention also provides the observation method of the leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring, which comprises the following steps:
before a period of time to be observed, construction of the observation base 8 is performed; embedding the forced centering disc 7 in the observation base 8; fastening the forced centering disc 7 by pre-embedded fastening bolts;
when the vertical and horizontal displacement observation is carried out, the fastening connecting stud 4 at the lower end of the quick connecting rod 5 is screwed into the connecting threaded hole 10 of the forced centering disc 7 and is fastened through the hexagon bolt 3;
sleeving a prism fixing hole 6 of a prism mounting clamping seat 11 on a connecting support 2 of a quick connecting rod 5 until an elastic steel ball 11 is clamped into a connecting clamping groove 1;
the prism mounting clamping seat 11 is fixedly connected with the quick connecting rod 5 through a prism locking mechanism 12;
adjusting the pitch angle of the observation prism 9; rotating the prism head of the observation prism 9, aligning with an observation instrument, and observing;
during the first measurement, the prism with leveling bubbles and the observation prism 9 are respectively adopted for each vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point for observation, and after the adjustment calculation, the system error between the two is obtained for correction in the subsequent measurement;
after the measurement is finished, the prism locking mechanism 12 is loosened, and the observation prism 9 is disassembled; keeping and fixing the quick connecting rod 5 in the forced centering disc 7;
at each subsequent measurement, the direct prism mounting bracket 11 is connected to the quick-connect bar 5.
Namely: the later centering screws and prism adapters can be permanently mounted on the forced centering disk 7 of the monitoring point.
The installation process comprises the following steps: firstly, connecting a connecting screw 4 to a forced centering disc 7, and slightly fastening by using a hexagon bolt 3; the lower end of the observation prism lens is inserted into the connecting support 3, the observation prism lens is ensured to be clamped in the connecting clamping groove 1, and the observation instrument is aligned by rotating the observation prism lens.
During each observation, the quick connector 5 of the observation prism 9 is not leveled, so that the center of the observation prism 9 is inconsistent with the center of the forced centering disc 7, but for long-term monitoring work on a fixed point, the error is a system error and does not influence the regularity analysis of observation data; meanwhile, due to the fact that no leveling operation is carried out, the height of the prism is consistent, and measurement and adjustment are not needed each time. During the first measurement, the prism with leveling bubble and the prism connected with the method are used for observing each monitoring point, and after the leveling calculation, the system error between the two is obtained for correction in the subsequent measurement.
The monitoring frequency is from once every two months to once every month.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to apply the inventive concept and solution to other applications without substantial modification.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring, is applied to the vertical horizontal displacement monitoring point of reservoir, the vertical horizontal displacement monitoring point be equipped with observation base (8), its characterized in that: a forced centering disc (7) is arranged on the observation base (8); the observation prism (9) comprises a prism mounting clamping seat (11), and the prism mounting clamping seat (11) is fixed on the forced centering disc (7) through a vertically arranged quick connecting rod (5).
2. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the quick connecting rod (5) is provided with a connecting strut (2); the lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat (11) is provided with a prism fixing hole (6), and the connecting support column (2) and the prism fixing hole (6) form sliding fit.
3. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism according to claim 1, wherein: the lowest end of the quick connecting rod (5) is provided with a fastening connecting stud (4), and the forced centering disc (7) is provided with a connecting threaded hole (10); the fastening connecting stud (4) is screwed into the connecting threaded hole (10) to form tight fit.
4. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the quick-connecting rod (5) is arranged on the lower portion of the quick-connecting rod and is provided with a hexagon bolt (3), and the axis of the hexagon bolt (3) coincides with the axis of the connecting support column (2).
5. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism according to claim 2, wherein: an annular connecting clamping groove (1) is arranged at a position, close to the upper end, on the connecting support (2), and an elastic ejection column (14) is arranged at a corresponding position on the lower part of the prism installation clamping seat (11); and when the observation prism (9) is installed in place, the elastic ejection column (14) is clamped into the connecting clamping groove (1).
6. The leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring according to claim 5, wherein: the lower part of the prism mounting clamping seat (11) is provided with a prism locking mechanism (12) for locking the connecting support (2).
7. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism according to claim 1, wherein: the forced centering disc (7) is embedded in the observation base (8), and the forced centering disc (7) is fastened on the observation base (8) through a plurality of embedded fastening bolts.
8. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism according to claim 1, wherein: the reservoir is a lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station; the vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point is arranged on the reservoir dyke (13) of the lower reservoir.
9. The hydraulic monitoring leveling-free observation prism according to claim 8, wherein: and arranging one vertical horizontal displacement measuring point every 195-205 m along the center line of the top surface of the reservoir embankment (13).
10. The observation method of the leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that:
before a period of time to be observed, construction of the observation base (8) is carried out; embedding the forced centering disc (7) in the observation base (8); fastening the forced centering disc (7) by pre-embedded fastening bolts;
when the vertical and horizontal displacement observation is carried out, a fastening connection stud (4) at the lower end of the quick connection rod (5) is screwed into a connection threaded hole (10) of the forced centering disc (7) and is fastened through a hexagon bolt (3);
sleeving a prism fixing hole (6) of a prism mounting clamping seat (11) on a connecting strut (2) of a quick connecting rod (5) until an elastic steel ball (11) is clamped into a connecting clamping groove (1);
the prism mounting clamping seat (11) is tightly connected with the quick connecting rod (5) through a prism locking mechanism (12);
adjusting the pitching angle of the observation prism (9); rotating the prism head of the observation prism (9), aligning the observation instrument and observing;
during the first measurement, a prism with leveling bubbles and the observation prism (9) are respectively adopted for each vertical and horizontal displacement monitoring point for observation, and after the adjustment calculation, the system error between the two is obtained for correction in the subsequent measurement;
after the measurement is finished, the prism locking mechanism (12) is loosened, and the observation prism (9) is disassembled; keeping and fixing the quick connecting rod (5) in the forced centering disc (7);
during each later measurement, the direct prism installation clamping seat (11) is connected with the quick connecting rod (5);
the monitoring frequency is from once every two months to once every month.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211558606.8A CN115824173A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring and observation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211558606.8A CN115824173A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring and observation method thereof |
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| CN115824173A true CN115824173A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211558606.8A Pending CN115824173A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Leveling-free observation prism for hydraulic monitoring and observation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117329983A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-01-02 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Dual-functional observation mechanism for forcing centering base to rotate and open and close |
-
2022
- 2022-12-06 CN CN202211558606.8A patent/CN115824173A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117329983A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-01-02 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Dual-functional observation mechanism for forcing centering base to rotate and open and close |
| CN117329983B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-02-27 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Dual-functional observation mechanism for forcing centering base to rotate and open and close |
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