CN115823980A - Charging backfill device and method for mining side wall collapse blast hole - Google Patents
Charging backfill device and method for mining side wall collapse blast hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN115823980A CN115823980A CN202211638346.5A CN202211638346A CN115823980A CN 115823980 A CN115823980 A CN 115823980A CN 202211638346 A CN202211638346 A CN 202211638346A CN 115823980 A CN115823980 A CN 115823980A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a charging backfill device and method for a mining side wall collapse blast hole, which comprises a charge guiding pipe, wherein the outer diameter of the charge guiding pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, the length of the charge guiding pipe is larger than the depth of the blast hole, and a gap is formed between the inner side wall of the blast hole and the outer side wall of the charge guiding pipe; the backfill mechanism comprises a plurality of pushing rods with the length larger than the depth of the blast hole, and the pushing rods can be arranged in the gaps in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the blast hole; the drill bit, drill bit detachable fixed connection be in the bottom of medicine guide tube. Residual rock powder in the blast hole does not need to be cleaned up, the collapsed area of the inner side wall of the blast hole can be repaired and repaired at low cost, and the powder charging is smooth and convenient and is not blocked.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blasting engineering, in particular to a charging and backfilling device and method for a mining side wall collapse blast hole.
Background
In a complicated geological condition area, the integrity of the weathered rock is damaged, and the weathered rock is broken into blocks, is close to a discrete body structure and develops into weathered fractures. The side wall of the blast hole in the complex stratum is easy to have local collapse, a local irregular collapse cavity (pit) is formed, loose particles fall to the bottom of the hole, and adverse effects are caused to later blasting. Firstly, the fallen rock and soil particles cause gun holes to be under deep and need hole cleaning operation, but loose rock blocks on the wall of the hole can collapse due to hole cleaning of loose rock layers under high-pressure wind, so that pits are enlarged, the hole cleaning effect is poor, and finally root bottoms are generated; and secondly, the existence of pits on the side wall of the blast hole can cause excessive charging, so that the problems of energy waste and safety are caused.
In the actual charging operation process, two ends of finished explosive are easy to span or brace at the blast hole pits, so that excessive charging is caused. As shown in fig. 1, the finished explosive 14 is braced or spans across the blast hole crater, resulting in failure of the blast hole 1 to charge at the designed linear density. During blasting, energy cannot be fully utilized, blasting effect is influenced, and even accidents happen. The residues 13 such as residual rock powder and rock and soil particles falling from the hole wall during drilling cause the accumulation and occupation of the bottom in the blast hole, and the problem that how to clean the blast hole and not generate the rock and soil particles to continuously fall becomes a difficult problem.
Therefore, companies organize technical force to conduct scientific research and development, and solve the problems by innovating special devices and methods.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for a device and a method for backfilling a collapsed blast hole on a mine sidewall, which do not require hole cleaning, facilitate charging, and repair the sidewall of the blast hole.
In order to solve the technical problem, one technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a backfill charge device for a mining side wall collapse blasthole comprises:
the outer diameter of the explosive guide pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of a blast hole, the length of the explosive guide pipe is larger than the depth of the blast hole, and a gap is formed between the inner side wall of the blast hole and the outer side wall of the explosive guide pipe;
the backfilling mechanism comprises a plurality of pushing rods with the length larger than the depth of the blast hole, and the pushing rods can be arranged in the gaps in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the blast hole;
the drill bit, drill bit detachable fixed connection be in the bottom of medicine guide tube.
The explosive guide device is characterized by further comprising a hoop sleeved on the explosive guide tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the explosive guide tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the material pushing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop.
Furthermore, the outer side wall of the upper part of the drill bit is flush with the outer side wall of the medicine guide pipe.
Furthermore, the top of the drill bit is provided with an extension part embedded into the medicine guide tube, the extension part is detachably and fixedly connected with the medicine guide tube, and the top surface of the extension part is provided with an upward bulge.
Furthermore, the drill bit is made of cast iron, and the outer surface of the convex part is a spherical surface or a conical surface with a small upper part and a large lower part. The outer surface of the drill bit is provided with an isolation layer for preventing the drill bit from contacting with the finished explosive, and the isolation layer is made of a material which does not chemically react with the finished explosive.
Furthermore, the outer side wall of the extension part is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves arranged along the circumferential direction of the extension part, one end of each sliding groove is provided with a guide groove extending to the top surface of the extension part, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the medicine guide pipe is provided with a lug which enters the sliding grooves along the guide grooves.
Further, the drill bit outer side wall is provided with a spiral diversion trench.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for backfilling the collapsed blast hole on the side wall of a mine by charging comprises the following steps:
s1, detachably and fixedly connecting a drill bit to the bottom end of a powder guide pipe, wherein the length of the powder guide pipe is greater than the depth of a blast hole, and the outer diameter of the powder guide pipe is less than the inner diameter of the blast hole;
s2, inserting one end of the explosive guide tube with the drill bit into the blast hole, and then rotating the explosive guide tube until the drill bit reaches the bottom end of the blast hole;
s3, filling the prefabricated finished explosive into the explosive guide pipe until the total height of the finished explosive in the explosive guide pipe meets the height of the explosive column;
s4, inserting a plurality of pushing rods into a gap between the inner side wall of the blast hole and the outer side wall of the explosive guide pipe along the axial direction of the blast hole;
s5, continuously pouring rock powder produced by drilling a blast hole into the gap; simultaneously, the material pushing rod continuously moves up and down along the axial direction of the blast hole;
and S6, after the rock powder is filled in the inner side wall of the blast hole and collapses and the side wall is filled, taking out the pushing rod from the blast hole, separating the explosive guide tube from the drill bit, and taking out the explosive guide tube from the blast hole.
Further, in step S2, before inserting the guide tube into the hole, the position and shape size of the collapse on the side wall of the hole below the height of the charge column are detected using an industrial endoscope.
Further, in step S5, the bottom end of the pushing rod reciprocates in the collapse area of the inner side wall of the blast hole until the collapse area of the inner side wall of the blast hole is filled with rock powder, and then the pushing rod is lifted upwards to enable the bottom end of the pushing rod to reach the collapse area located at a higher position.
The explosive guide device is characterized by further comprising a hoop sleeved on the explosive guide tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the explosive guide tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the material pushing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. this device need not clear up residue in the big gun hole, and this residue constitutes for remaining rock powder when the ground granule that drops in the big gun hole and drilling, and residue itself is loose granule or rock powder, and when the drill bit was drilled down soon, can arrange the residue that is located the big gun hole middle part and water conservancy diversion to the big gun hole and lead in the clearance between the pencil in, can not lead to the big gun hole to adorn the medicine space and occupy.
2. The method has the advantages that the cost is low, the collapse area on the inner side wall of the blast hole is backfilled by rock powder generated by drilling the blast hole, the method is quick and convenient, and the blasting effect is guaranteed.
3. The explosive guide tube can enable finished products to smoothly enter the blast hole, the phenomenon of blocking the blast hole cannot occur, meanwhile, after the inner side wall of the blast hole is repaired and repaired, the explosive guide tube is pulled out, formed explosive columns in the blast hole are not toppled or inclined any more, and accurate charging is really achieved.
4. The drill bit is left in the blast hole, and the drill bit that the cast iron constitutes and the bellying on the top surface utilize the big characteristic of cast iron wave impedance, and stress wave produces the reflection at the protruding interface of iron after the explosive initiation, has improved the utilization ratio of blasting energy, has enlarged blasting funnel opening angle, and then has reduced the root.
5. The medicine guide tube can be repeatedly used, and the use cost is reduced.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which charging is blocked when the inner side wall of a blast hole is locally collapsed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a material pushing rod and a ferrule in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state after the drill bit and the explosive guide tube enter the blast hole according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a state after rock powder is filled into the gap in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the completion of rock dust backfilling and charging in the second embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-blast hole, 11-first pit, 12-second pit, 13-residue, 14-finished explosive, 2-explosive guide tube, 3-hoop, 31-ejector pin, 4-drill bit, 41-extension part, 42-chute, 43-guide groove, 44-guide groove and 45-bulge.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Example one
2-4, a backfill device for a charge of a mining side wall collapse blasthole comprises: the medicine guide pipe 2, the backfill mechanism and the drill bit 4.
The drug guide tube 2 is made of hard materials, such as PVC tubes; the outer diameter of the explosive guide tube 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of a blast hole, the length of the explosive guide tube 2 is larger than the depth of the blast hole 1, and a gap is formed between the inner side wall of the blast hole 1 and the outer side wall of the explosive guide tube 2.
The backfill mechanism comprises a hoop 3 and a plurality of material pushing rods 31 fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the hoop, during actual manufacturing, a PVC pipe is selected, the side wall of the top end of the PVC pipe is reserved to form the hoop 3, the side walls below the hoop 3 are removed at intervals along the axial direction of the PVC pipe, and a plurality of pipe walls along the axial direction are reserved to form the material pushing rods 31.
Wherein, the cup joint of the hoop 3 is on the explosive guide tube 2, and the internal diameter of hoop 3 is greater than the external diameter of explosive guide tube 2, and the external diameter of hoop 3 is less than the internal diameter of big gun hole 1.
The gaps between the adjacent pushing rods are beneficial to the falling of rock powder, and the falling space of the rock powder is enlarged.
The drill bit 4 is made of high-wave-impedance cast iron, and the drill bit 4 is in a cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the outer side wall of the upper part of the drill bit 4 is flush with the outer side wall of the medicine guide tube 2, the top of the drill bit 4 is provided with an extension part 41 embedded in the medicine guide tube, and the outer diameter of the extension part 41 is equal to the inner diameter of the medicine guide tube 2; the extension part 41 is detachably and fixedly connected with the medicine guide tube 2, and the top surface of the extension part 41 is provided with an upward bulge part 45.
The bulge 45 reflects stress waves in the blast hole 1, so that the utilization rate of blasting energy is improved, the opening angle of the blasting funnel is enlarged, and the root bottom is reduced.
Rock-soil particles that the blast hole inner bore wall dropped and rock powder etc. that produce when drilling have constituted residue 13 at the bottom siltation of blast hole, and 4 upper portion lateral walls of drill bit and the lateral wall parallel and level of explosive guide tube 2 can make drill bit 4 at the during operation, and the lateral wall along drill bit and explosive guide tube that residue 13 can be smooth and easy slides to the blast hole inside wall and in the clearance between the explosive guide tube lateral wall, can not produce the jam.
The extension part 41 and the inner side wall of the medicine guide tube can be in threaded connection, and when the extension part and the medicine guide tube are disassembled in threaded connection, the extension part and the medicine guide tube are possibly slipped, so that the extension part and the medicine guide tube are not easy to separate; therefore, in this embodiment, a plurality of sliding grooves 42 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the extension portion 41, the front end of the sliding groove 2 has a guiding groove 43 extending to the top surface of the extension portion, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the drug guiding tube 2 has a protrusion entering the sliding groove 42 along the guiding groove 43. Therefore, when the lug is positioned at the rear end of the chute, the drill bit is clamped in the medicine guide tube and cannot fall off, and the medicine guide tube is rotated in the direction towards the rear end of the chute, so that the drill bit can rotate along with the medicine guide tube; the medicine guide tube and the drill bit can be separated by reversely rotating the medicine guide tube.
The outer diameter of the finished explosive 14 is smaller than the inner diameter of the explosive guide tube, and a gap exists between the finished explosive and the inner diameter of the explosive guide tube, so that the taking-out of the explosive guide tube is not influenced by the existence of the bump.
In order to make the residue 13 in the blast hole be better guided into the gap by the drill bit, the outer side wall of the drill bit 4 is provided with a spiral guide groove 44.
The outer surface of the drill bit 4 is provided with an isolating layer for preventing the drill bit from contacting with the finished explosive, and the isolating layer is made of a material which does not react with the finished explosive.
Example two
The method for backfilling the filled powder of the mining side wall collapse blast hole uses the device and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly connecting a drill bit 4 to the bottom of a medicine guide tube 2;
s2, detecting the position and shape size of the collapse on the side wall below the height of the explosive column in the blast hole 1 by using an industrial endoscope, wherein in the embodiment, the inner side wall of the blast hole is sequentially provided with a first pit 11 and a second pit 12 from bottom to top, wherein the first pit 11 is a common hollow hole, and the second pit 12 is an annular pit;
s3, inserting one end, provided with a drill bit, of the explosive guide tube 2 into the blast hole, then rotating the explosive guide tube 2 in a fixed direction until the drill bit 4 reaches the bottom end of the blast hole 1, and as shown in figure 5, rotating and guiding the residues 13 in the blast hole 1 to a gap between the inner side wall of the blast hole and the explosive guide tube by the drill bit 4, so that the blast hole does not need to be cleaned additionally;
s4, filling the finished product explosive 14 which is prefabricated into the explosive guide tube 2 until the total height of the finished product explosive in the explosive guide tube 2 meets the height of the explosive column;
s4, inserting a material pushing rod 31 into a gap between the inner side wall of the blast hole 1 and the outer side wall of the explosive guide pipe along the axial direction of the blast hole;
s5, continuously pouring rock powder produced by drilling a blast hole into the gap, moving the bottom end of the pushing rod 31 to the area of the first pit 11 according to the position of the first pit 11 detected by the endoscope as shown in fig. 6, and then lifting the hoop 3 to repeatedly lift the bottom end of the pushing rod 31 in the area of the first pit 11 so as to fully fill the rock powder into the first pit 11 until the first pit 11 is filled or the pushing rod cannot be lifted continuously in the area;
s7, for a gap part, such as a gap between the first pit 11 and the second pit 12, while rock powder is poured, the material pushing rod 31 is repeatedly moved in the axial direction of the blast hole in the area until the gap is filled, or the material pushing rod 31 cannot be lifted continuously in the area;
s8, moving the bottom end of the pushing rod 31 to the area of the second pit 12 according to the position of the second pit 12 detected by the endoscope, and then lifting the hoop 3 to repeatedly lift the bottom end of the pushing rod in the area of the second pit so as to fully fill rock powder into the second pit until the second pit is filled or the pushing rod cannot continuously lift in the area;
and S9, after the rock powder is filled in the inner side wall of the blast hole and collapses and the side wall is filled, taking out the pushing rod from the blast hole, reversely rotating the explosive guide tube to separate the explosive guide tube from the drill bit, and taking out the explosive guide tube from the blast hole. As shown in fig. 7.
After the gaps and pits are filled with the rock powder and repaired, the explosive guide tube is taken out, and the rock powder can automatically fill the space formed after the explosive guide tube is taken out, so that the explosive column cannot collapse or be greatly inclined, and the blasting quality is ensured.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mining lateral wall collapse big gun hole's powder charge backfill device which characterized in that includes:
the outer diameter of the explosive guide pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of a blast hole, the length of the explosive guide pipe is larger than the depth of the blast hole, and a gap is formed between the inner side wall of the blast hole and the outer side wall of the explosive guide pipe;
the backfill mechanism comprises a plurality of pushing rods with the length larger than the depth of the blast hole, and the pushing rods can be arranged in the gaps in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the blast hole;
the drill bit, drill bit detachable fixed connection be in the bottom of medicine guide tube.
2. The explosive-charging backfill device for the mining side wall collapse blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: the explosive guide device is characterized by further comprising a hoop sleeved on the explosive guide tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the explosive guide tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the material pushing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop.
3. The explosive-charging backfill device for the mining side wall collapse blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side wall of the upper part of the drill bit is flush with the outer side wall of the medicine guide tube.
4. The explosive-charging backfill device for the mining side wall collapse blasthole according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top of the drill bit is provided with an extension part embedded into the medicine guide tube, the extension part is detachably and fixedly connected with the medicine guide tube, and the top surface of the extension part is provided with an upward bulge.
5. The device for backfilling a charge of a sidewall-caving blasthole for mines according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the outer side wall of the extension part is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves arranged along the circumferential direction of the extension part, one end of each sliding groove is provided with a guide groove extending to the top surface of the extension part, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the medicine guide pipe is provided with a lug which enters the sliding grooves along the guide grooves.
6. The explosive-charging backfill device for the mining side wall collapse blasthole according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outer side wall of the drill bit is provided with a spiral diversion trench.
7. The method for backfilling the filled charge of the mining side wall collapse blast hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, detachably and fixedly connecting a drill bit to the bottom end of a powder guide pipe with the length larger than the depth of a blast hole and the outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole;
s2, inserting one end of the explosive guide pipe with the drill bit into the blast hole, and then rotating the explosive guide pipe until the drill bit reaches the bottom end of the blast hole;
s3, filling the prefabricated finished explosive into the explosive guide pipe until the total height of the finished explosive in the explosive guide pipe meets the height of the explosive column;
s4, inserting a plurality of pushing rods into a gap between the inner side wall of the blast hole and the outer side wall of the explosive guide pipe along the axial direction of the blast hole;
s5, continuously pouring rock powder produced by drilling a blast hole into the gap; simultaneously, the material pushing rod continuously moves up and down along the axial direction of the blast hole;
and S6, after the rock powder is filled in the inner side wall of the blast hole and collapses and the side wall is filled, taking out the pushing rod from the blast hole, separating the explosive guide tube from the drill bit, and taking out the explosive guide tube from the blast hole.
8. The method for backfilling the charge of the sidewall collapse blasthole for mines according to claim 7, which comprises the following steps: in step S2, before inserting the explosive guide tube into the blast hole, surveying and evaluating the collapse position, shape and size of the hole wall below the height of the explosive column in the blast hole by using an industrial endoscope.
9. The method for backfilling the charge of the sidewall collapse blasthole for mines according to claim 8, which comprises the following steps: and S5, reciprocating and vertically moving the bottom end of the material pushing rod in the collapse area of the inner side wall of the blast hole until the collapse area of the inner side wall of the blast hole is filled with rock powder, and then lifting the material pushing rod upwards to enable the bottom end of the material pushing rod to reach the collapse area located at a higher position.
10. The method for backfilling the charge of the sidewall collapse blasthole for mines according to claim 7, which comprises the following steps: the explosive guide device is characterized by further comprising a hoop sleeved on the explosive guide tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the explosive guide tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the material pushing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211638346.5A CN115823980A (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Charging backfill device and method for mining side wall collapse blast hole |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211638346.5A CN115823980A (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Charging backfill device and method for mining side wall collapse blast hole |
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| CN115823980A true CN115823980A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| CN202211638346.5A Pending CN115823980A (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Charging backfill device and method for mining side wall collapse blast hole |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117308721A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Special equipment with function of charging in sections of blast holes and backfilling rock powder in stages |
| CN117470046A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-30 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Special equipment for backfilling rock powder in blasting construction of large-scale surface mine |
-
2022
- 2022-12-19 CN CN202211638346.5A patent/CN115823980A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117308721A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Special equipment with function of charging in sections of blast holes and backfilling rock powder in stages |
| CN117308721B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-03-15 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Special equipment with function of charging in sections of blast holes and backfilling rock powder in stages |
| CN117470046A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-30 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Special equipment for backfilling rock powder in blasting construction of large-scale surface mine |
| CN117470046B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-22 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Special equipment for backfilling rock powder in blasting construction of large-scale surface mine |
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