CN115823009B - Self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with elastic bearing surface - Google Patents
Self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with elastic bearing surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN115823009B CN115823009B CN202211463479.3A CN202211463479A CN115823009B CN 115823009 B CN115823009 B CN 115823009B CN 202211463479 A CN202211463479 A CN 202211463479A CN 115823009 B CN115823009 B CN 115823009B
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-adaptive superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearing structure with an elastic bearing surface, and particularly relates to the technical field of high-speed rotating bearings; the invention provides a self-adaptive superconducting magnetic liquid double-floating bearing structure with an elastic bearing surface, which is creatively upgraded for a traditional liquid film bearing or a sliding bearing, introduces a superconducting magnetic self-stabilizing bearing system and an elastic bearing surface self-adaptive adjusting system capable of responding to external load change, pointedly solves the technical bottlenecks of two engineering application that friction and abrasion are serious in start-stop stage and impact load is easy to induce friction and abrasion, and is a novel bearing structure without mechanical friction and abrasion in the whole life cycle in a true sense.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed rotating bearings, in particular to a self-adaptive superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearing with an elastic bearing surface.
Background
The recovery and the repeated utilization of the liquid carrier rocket can reduce the single-time launching cost, and have important promotion effect on the development of large-scale high-frequency space activities. The high-speed turbine pump used as a heart power source can be really and maintenance-free and reusable after being recycled by a rocket system, and is the most important link for determining the launching cost. Taking a space plane as an example, NASA originally hoped to control the single-shot cost below 3000 tens of millions of merits, but the actual cost is as high as 4-5 tens of millions of merits because its main engine 3 liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen high-speed turbine pumps often need complex maintenance and even replacement. The Li institute of aerospace propulsion technology indicates that the wear resistance of the rolling bearing is a core factor affecting repeated start and stop of an active rocket turbine pump. In order to solve the difficulty that the long service life and the high rotation speed index of the rolling bearing are mutually restricted, the main aerospace state is always exploring a turbine pump liquid film bearing scheme, and the solid-solid bearing mode is tried to be converted into the solid-liquid lubrication state so as to prolong the service life of the bearing. However, when the liquid film bearing is started and stopped, a transient contact friction and wear stage which is more severe than that of the rolling bearing occurs, and the transient contact friction and wear stage is a hidden trouble which cannot be ignored for rocket turbine pumps with extremely high safety requirements.
The proposal of the superconducting magnetic fluid composite bearing is provided in the early stage, the superconducting pinning suspension field in the start-stop stage is independently loaded, the high-speed working stage and the dynamic pressure flow field are cooperatively loaded, the service effect of magnetic fluid double suspension is realized, and the problem of serious friction and abrasion in the start-stop stage commonly existing in the international liquid film bearing proposal is theoretically solved. However, the subsequent experimental study of the superconducting magnetic liquid double-floating bearing finds that the superconducting magnetic field generates time-varying attenuation phenomenon under the shearing heat effect of the bearing liquid film and the high-speed rotation of the magnetic field source, and the transition between the bearing mode of the superconducting magnetic field and the bearing mode of the flow field is possibly interrupted in advance, so that contact friction is caused. In addition, the working condition of the rocket turbine pump is complex and harsh, the viscosity of low-temperature fluid such as liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and the like is extremely low, the thickness of a formed dynamic pressure bearing liquid film is generally smaller than 50 mu m, and the impact load can also cause contact friction. Although contact friction behavior is normal for active rocket turbine pump rolling bearings, it is still a major obstacle affecting the development of superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearings and other liquid film bearing solutions towards specific model applications.
Therefore, how to further solve the contact grinding problem under impact load, develop a novel bearing without mechanical contact friction in the whole life cycle, and have urgent research and development value for developing the next generation of reusable rocket turbine pumps in China and preempting the technical high points in the aerospace field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at facing the urgent need of a novel long-life support bearing in the research and development process of the next-generation reusable rocket turbine pump in China, and provides a self-adaptive superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearing structure with an elastic support surface, and the self-adaptive superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearing structure combines the advantages of magnetic fluid double-suspension and the self-adaptive adjustment principle of the elastic support surface, so that the non-contact friction and wear behaviors in the whole life cycle are realized, the service life and the repeated use times of the bearing are obviously improved, and the large-scale and high-frequency space launching activities are assisted.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with an elastic bearing surface is mainly used for supporting a high-speed rotating shaft system of a reusable rocket turbine pump. The device is completely immersed in low-temperature fuel of a liquid rocket during operation, the low-temperature fuel plays roles of bearing lubrication and superconducting assembly cooling simultaneously, double-suspension bearing effect under the combination of dynamic pressure liquid film force and superconducting magnetic force is achieved, and impact load-induced bumping and grinding behaviors are avoided through self-adaptive elastic deformation of an elastic bearing surface; the bearing structure comprises a bearing seat and a rotor, 4 arc-shaped grooves and radial threaded holes are formed in the outer side of the bearing seat, a fan-shaped superconducting block is installed in each arc-shaped groove, an arc-shaped cover plate is arranged above each arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped cover plates are fixedly installed on the bearing seat through screws and the radial threaded holes; an elastic bearing surface assembly is connected to the inner wall of the bearing seat, and the rotor is rotationally connected to the inside of the elastic bearing surface assembly; an axial threaded hole is formed in the edge of the axial side face of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixedly connected with an external turbine pump shell through the axial threaded hole and a mounting bolt;
the elastic loading surface assembly comprises a wave foil and a smooth top foil, one ends of the wave foil and the smooth top foil are welded on the inner wall of the bearing seat, and the other ends of the wave foil and the smooth top foil are freely stretched so as to ensure that elastic deformation can be generated; the smooth top foil is covered on one side of the bump foil close to the axis; a permanent magnet ring is also arranged between the smooth top foil and the rotor, and is sleeved outside the rotor to provide a stable external magnetic field for the sector superconducting block.
Preferably, the bump foil and the smooth top foil are made of nonmagnetic high-elastic alloy, and the rest of the metal parts are made of brass nonmagnetic materials so as not to interfere with the superconducting magnetic bearing part.
Preferably, the elastic bearing surface assembly is adopted to realize self-adaptive elastic deformation, and compared with the elastic fulcrum scheme commonly used in engineering, the self-adaptive elastic deformation device has the advantages of simple structure, continuous bearing surface deformation and the like, and can rapidly and effectively respond to the change of external load.
Preferably, when the bearing receives a certain impact load to cause the transient liquid film force to exceed the pretightening force of the elastic bearing surface, the bump foil deforms radially to drive the smooth top foil to deform, the acting area of the bearing liquid film is increased, and the collision and abrasion between the journal and the smooth top foil and between the journal and the rotor are avoided.
Preferably, the permanent magnet ring is a radial magnetized permanent magnet, and the fan-shaped superconducting block is a second type high-temperature superconductor.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet ring is 100 μm smaller than the outer diameter of the smooth top foil, i.e. the initial bearing diameter gap is 100 μm.
Preferably, the distance between the inner surface of the fan-shaped superconducting block and the outer surface of the permanent magnet ring is less than or equal to 5mm so as to ensure stronger magnetic field gradient.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention provides a self-adaptive superconducting magnetic liquid double-floating bearing structure with an elastic bearing surface, which is creatively upgraded for a traditional liquid film bearing or a sliding bearing, introduces a superconducting magnetic self-stabilizing bearing system and an elastic bearing surface self-adaptive adjusting system capable of responding to external load change, pointedly solves the technical bottlenecks of two engineering application that friction and abrasion are serious in start-stop stage and impact load is easy to induce friction and abrasion, and is a novel bearing structure without mechanical friction and abrasion in the whole life cycle in a true sense.
(2) The elastic support surface proposed by the invention is realized by an elastic foil structure. Compared with an active control means, the structure can passively respond to the change of external load without an additional control system, and the structure is high in reliability and more suitable for equipment with extremely high safety requirements such as a rocket turbine pump.
(3) The elastic supporting surface provided by the invention has self-adaptive adjusting capability, the bearing surface shape is kept stable under the condition of steady load, and when impact load occurs, the bearing surface can be correspondingly elastically deformed, the action area of a bearing liquid film is enlarged, and the collision and abrasion of a journal and the bearing surface of a bearing are avoided.
In summary, on the basis of coping with the severe start-stop abrasion problem of the traditional liquid film bearing scheme through the superconducting magnetic liquid double-suspension design thought, the invention further creatively introduces the self-adaptive elastic deformation of the bearing surface to solve the impact load induced rub-impact behavior, and provides a novel bearing technology without mechanical friction abrasion in the whole life cycle for the reusable rocket turbine pump shafting; by combining the technical key points, the self-adaptive superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearing with the elastic bearing surface has no mechanical contact friction and wear behaviors in the whole life cycle, greatly prolongs the service life of the bearing from the tribology design level, and has important value for developing a novel shafting support technology of a next-generation reusable rocket turbine pump in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional block diagram of an adaptive superconducting hydrodynamic dual-floating bearing incorporating an elastomeric bearing surface;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional model of an adaptive superconducting hydrodynamic dual-floating bearing incorporating an elastomeric bearing surface;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the adaptive superconducting fluid dual-floating bearing incorporating an elastomeric bearing surface.
In the figure: 1. an arc cover plate; 2. a fan-shaped superconducting block; 3. a bump foil; 4. a smooth top foil; 5. a permanent magnet ring; 6. a rotor; 7. a screw; 8. an axial threaded hole; 9. and a bearing seat.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the adaptive superconducting magnetic fluid double-floating bearing with an elastic bearing surface according to the present embodiment is mainly used for supporting a high-speed rotating shaft system of a reusable rocket turbine pump. The device is completely soaked in low-temperature fuel of a liquid rocket during operation, the low-temperature fuel plays roles of bearing lubrication and superconducting assembly cooling simultaneously, double-suspension bearing effect under the combination of dynamic pressure liquid film force and superconducting magnetic force is achieved, and impact load-induced bumping and grinding behaviors are avoided through self-adaptive elastic deformation of an elastic bearing surface. The concrete structure is as follows:
the outer side of the bearing seat 9 is provided with 4 arc grooves and radial threaded holes, a fan-shaped superconducting block 2 is arranged in each arc groove, an arc cover plate 1 is arranged above each arc groove, and the arc cover plates 1 are fixedly arranged on the bearing seat 9 through screws 7 and the radial threaded holes; an elastic bearing surface component is connected to the inner wall of the bearing seat 9, and the rotor 6 is rotationally connected to the inside of the elastic bearing surface component; an axial threaded hole 8 is formed in the edge of the axial side surface of the bearing seat 9, and the bearing seat 9 is fixedly connected with an external turbine pump shell through the axial threaded hole 8 and a mounting bolt;
the elastic loading surface assembly comprises a bump foil 3 and a smooth top foil 4, wherein one ends of the bump foil 3 and the smooth top foil 4 are welded on the inner wall of a bearing seat 9, and the other ends of the bump foil 3 and the smooth top foil 4 are freely stretched so as to ensure that elastic deformation can be generated; the smooth top foil 4 is covered on one side of the bump foil 3 close to the axis; a permanent magnet ring 5 is also arranged between the smooth top foil 4 and the rotor 6, and the permanent magnet ring 5 is sleeved outside the rotor 6 to provide a stable external magnetic field for the sector superconducting block 2.
In a specific implementation, the corresponding structure arrangement also includes:
the bump foil 3 and the smooth top foil 4 are processed by non-magnetic high-elastic alloy, and the rest metal parts are all made of non-magnetic materials such as brass, so as not to interfere with the superconducting magnetic bearing part.
The elastic bearing surface assembly is adopted to realize self-adaptive elastic deformation, and compared with the common elastic fulcrum scheme in engineering, the self-adaptive elastic deformation device has the advantages of simple structure, continuous bearing surface deformation and the like, and can quickly and effectively respond to the change of external load. When the bearing receives a certain impact load to cause the instantaneous liquid film force to exceed the pretightening force of the elastic bearing surface, the bump foil 3 deforms along the radial direction to drive the smooth top foil 4 to deform, the bearing liquid film action area is enlarged, and the collision and abrasion of the journal, the smooth top foil 4 and the rotor 6 are avoided.
The permanent magnet ring 5 is a radial magnetized permanent magnet, and the fan-shaped superconducting block 2 is a second type of high-temperature superconductor.
The outer diameter of the permanent magnet ring 5 is 100 μm smaller than the outer diameter of the smooth top foil 4, i.e. the initial bearing diameter gap is 100 μm.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the rotor 6 is 45mm, which corresponds to the size of a real turbopump shaft system. The distance between the inner surface of the fan-shaped superconducting block 2 and the outer surface of the permanent magnet ring is controlled to be 5mm so as to ensure stronger magnetic field gradient.
Referring to fig. 3, the bearing is operated under steady-state load and transient impact load from left to right. The bearing is completely soaked in low-temperature fuel during operation, on one hand, a lubricating medium can be provided for generating a dynamic pressure liquid film, and on the other hand, the fan-shaped superconducting block 2 can be cooled to enter a superconducting state to form superconducting magnetic levitation force, so that the bearing effect of magnetic liquid double levitation is realized. The working principle of the self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with the elastic bearing surface is as follows:
the left graph shows that the liquid film force on the superconducting pad is smaller than the pretightening force when the bearing is subjected to steady load, and the bump foil 3 is regarded as a rigid fulcrum and cannot be elastically deformed;
the right part of the graph shows that when the bearing receives a certain impact load to cause the instantaneous liquid film force to exceed the pretightening force of the elastic bearing surface, the bump foil 3 deforms along the radial direction to drive the smooth top foil 4 to deform, the acting area of the bearing liquid film is enlarged, and the collision and abrasion of the journal, the smooth top foil 4 and the rotor 6 are avoided.
The embodiment solves the abrasion problem in the start-stop stage through the double suspension of the superconducting magnetic liquid and the impact load induced bump-grinding behavior through the elastic self-adaptive deformation, and is a novel bearing technology without mechanical friction abrasion in the whole life cycle.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing is characterized by comprising a bearing seat (9) and a rotor (6), wherein an arc-shaped groove and a radial threaded hole are formed in the outer side of the bearing seat (9), a fan-shaped superconducting block (2) is installed in the arc-shaped groove, an arc-shaped cover plate (1) is arranged above the arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped cover plate (1) is fixedly installed on the bearing seat (9) through a screw (7) and the radial threaded hole; an elastic bearing surface assembly is connected to the inner wall of the bearing seat (9), and the rotor (6) is rotationally connected to the inside of the elastic bearing surface assembly; an axial threaded hole (8) is formed in the edge of the axial side face of the bearing seat (9), and the bearing seat (9) is fixedly connected with an external turbine pump shell through the axial threaded hole (8) and a mounting bolt;
the elastic bearing surface assembly comprises a wave foil (3) and a smooth top foil (4), one ends of the wave foil (3) and the smooth top foil (4) are welded on the inner wall of a bearing seat (9), the other ends of the wave foil (3) and the smooth top foil (4) are freely stretched, and the smooth top foil (4) covers one side, close to the axis, of the wave foil (3); a permanent magnet ring (5) is further arranged between the smooth top foil (4) and the rotor (6), and the permanent magnet ring (5) is sleeved outside the rotor (6).
2. The self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with the elastic bearing surface according to claim 1, wherein the bump foil (3) and the smooth top foil (4) are manufactured by processing a non-magnetic high-elastic alloy, and the rest of metal components are all made of brass non-magnetic materials.
3. The self-adaptive superconducting magnetic liquid double-floating bearing with the elastic bearing surface according to claim 1, wherein when the bearing receives a certain impact load to cause the instantaneous liquid film force to exceed the pretightening force of the elastic bearing surface, the bump foil (3) deforms along the radial direction to drive the smooth top foil (4) to deform, the acting area of the bearing liquid film is increased, and the bump grinding is avoided.
4. An adaptive superconducting hydrodynamic double-floating bearing incorporating an elastic bearing surface according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet ring (5) is a radially magnetized permanent magnet and the sector-shaped superconducting block (2) is a second type of superconductor.
5. An adaptive superconducting hydrodynamic dual-floating bearing incorporating an elastomeric bearing surface according to claim 1, wherein the initial bearing diameter gap is 100 μm.
6. The self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with the elastic bearing surface according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the inner surface of the fan-shaped superconducting block (2) and the outer surface of the permanent magnetic ring is less than or equal to 5mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211463479.3A CN115823009B (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with elastic bearing surface |
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| CN202211463479.3A CN115823009B (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Self-adaptive superconducting magnetic-hydraulic double-floating bearing with elastic bearing surface |
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| CN115823009B true CN115823009B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2670545B1 (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1994-04-15 | Abg Semca Sa | HYDRODYNAMIC BEARING WITH FLUID FILM. |
| JP2002295467A (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2002-10-09 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid lubricating type foil bearing |
| US6848828B2 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2005-02-01 | Ntn Corporation | Foil bearing and spindle device using the same |
| JP2019070406A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-05-09 | Ntn株式会社 | Foil bearing |
| CN108953377B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-11-08 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of liquid magnetic composite bearing towards reusable rocket turbine pump |
| CN113685432A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) | Gas bearing |
| CN113266643B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-08-26 | 山东大学威海工业技术研究院 | Radial-axial integrated magnetic-gas hybrid bearing and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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