CN115822602A - Method for realizing forward type continuous non-pillar mining of mining area - Google Patents
Method for realizing forward type continuous non-pillar mining of mining area Download PDFInfo
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- CN115822602A CN115822602A CN202211484717.9A CN202211484717A CN115822602A CN 115822602 A CN115822602 A CN 115822602A CN 202211484717 A CN202211484717 A CN 202211484717A CN 115822602 A CN115822602 A CN 115822602A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to a method for realizing forward continuous pillar-free mining of a mining area. In the method, the advancing mining method is utilized, the staggered roadway arrangement mode is adopted, the coal pillar-free mining between the roadway is realized, the ascending, the large transportation roadway and the large return air roadway are fully utilized, the roadway engineering quantity is saved, the roadway maintenance cost is reduced, the mining rate of a mine is greatly improved, the defects of the traditional advancing mining are efficiently made up, and more choices are provided for the well field mining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to a method for realizing forward continuous pillar-free mining of a mining area.
Background
At present, most of the well fields in China are mined in a mining area mode, the mining area mode is divided into a forward mining mode and a backward mining mode, two roadways need to be excavated in advance in the traditional backward mining mode, the initial construction time is long, the production is slow, and the shortage of the mining relation of a working face is easily caused. In forward mining, the upper and lower crossroads can be dug along with mining, and the working face and the roadway can be cut out by a coal mining machine, so that the tunneling process is simplified, and the tunneling equipment and cost are reduced; the geological structure in the well field range can be known in advance during the tunneling work; the tunneling and the stoping can be carried out simultaneously, so that the mining efficiency is greatly improved; the working face end equipment is simple, and the air leakage problem of the goaf does not need to be considered.
In the underground mining of China, when working faces are arranged in a mining area, at least 20-40m of protective coal pillars need to be reserved between every two mountains and on two sides, and meanwhile, 20-30 m of roadway protection coal pillars need to be reserved between adjacent working faces.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a technology for realizing non-pillar mining between working faces by using a staggered floor technology, realizing non-pillar mining between a large roadway and a mountain and on two sides by using a gob-side entry retaining technology, and finally realizing a forward-advancing type non-pillar continuous mining technology of a mining area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a mining area forward type continuous pillar-free mining method so as to solve the technical limitation problem in the existing coal mining field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a. in the middle of the well field, a large transportation roadway and a large return air roadway are arranged in parallel along the direction of the coal seam, a rail ascending and a transportation ascending are arranged in parallel along the inclination of the coal seam, a connecting roadway is arranged between the rail ascending and the transportation ascending, and a first mining working face is arranged on the boundary of the upper part of the well field;
b. the track ascending is used as a cut hole of a first mining working face, and two connecting lanes between the tracks ascending are respectively used as a transportation roadway and a return air roadway to form a production system;
c. a large roadway protection coal pillar is not reserved on one side of the working surface of the upper mountain edge of the track, a hydraulic support is directly arranged on the upper mountain edge of the track, and the upper mountain edge gob-side entry retaining of the track is realized by roof cutting pressure relief or wall building during stoping;
d. pushing the first mining working face to pass through a transport ascending mountain, directly scrapping the first mining working face to transport the first mining working face to the ascending mountain, and driving a sealing wall to block the wind current from flowing to a goaf along the transport ascending mountain;
e. the first mining working face continues to push extraction along the trend, an air return gallery and a transportation gallery are pre-excavated forwards, air leakage is prevented by paving a rear goaf, and two galleries are reserved by using a roadside filling technology;
f. when the first mining working face is pushed to the vicinity of the boundary protection coal pillar, whether a double-withdrawal channel technology is adopted or not is selected according to the mining tension relation;
g. and (3) arranging a working face air return gallery below a goaf of a first mining working face by 'inner staggered' pre-digging, arranging the transport gallery in a coal seam roof in a pre-digging way, moving the hydraulic support to the upper mountain of the track, and carrying out the same mining process as the patent protection rights b, c, d, e and f.
h. The last working face of the upper mining area directly utilizes a large transportation roadway as a working face air inlet and transportation roadway, and the first mining working face of the lower mining area utilizes a large air return roadway as an air return roadway;
i. and scrapping or reserving the large transportation roadway according to the arrangement position of the air shaft, if a central parallel ventilation mode is adopted in the mining area, the large transportation roadway can be scrapped in sections, and if the central parallel ventilation mode is adopted, the gob-side entry reservation of the large transportation roadway is realized by utilizing top cutting pressure relief or building a wall body in the process of pushing the working face, so that the continuous mining area is continuously served.
The method is preferably suitable for completely recovering protective coal pillars between mountains and on two sides and roadway-protecting coal pillars between working faces, and realizes a mining area advancing type continuous coal pillar-free mining method.
In the step a, during preparation of a mining area, a large transport roadway and a large return air roadway are excavated in the middle of the mining area to be divided into stages, in each stage, an excavation transport ascending and a track ascending are connected with the large stage roadway, the excavation transport ascending and the track ascending are communicated, a first mining working face is arranged on the upper boundary of the stage, the transport ascending is used as an excavation hole of the first mining working face to form a production system, the last working face on the upper part of the stage uses the large transport roadway as a working face transport roadway, and the last working face on the lower part of the stage uses the large return air roadway as a section return air roadway; communicated with the section transportation roadway to form a production system;
in the step b, digging along with mining is adopted at the beginning of a working face, namely a primary mining stage, and a transport roadway and an air return roadway do not need to be dug in advance;
in the step c, the working face is initially mined without keeping the transportation uphill, and a sealing wall needs to be drilled after the working face is pushed to pass through the transportation uphill so as to block the wind current from flowing to the goaf along the transportation uphill;
in the step d, the working face is pushed forward all the time until mining is stopped after the boundary coal pillars of the mining area, and the retained transportation roadway is used for moving;
in the step e, the other working faces at the upper part of the mining area are prepared for mining by taking the transport ascending as open-cut holes, the mined transport ascending can be directly scrapped, and meanwhile, the track ascending is reserved for a working face air return route through filling and supporting;
and f, utilizing a large transportation roadway as an air inlet roadway of the working face for the last working face of the upper part of the mining area, mining in a Z-shaped ventilation mode, and then reserving the large transportation roadway through a gob-side entry retaining technology to continuously serve the lower mining area.
Compared with the prior art, the implementation method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The rail ascending is used as a cutting hole, and the transportation ascending is scrapped along with the working face in sections, so that the tunnel excavation and maintenance cost is saved.
(2) The last working face of the mining area uses a large transportation roadway as a transportation roadway, and the first mining working face of the lower mining area uses a large return air roadway as a return air roadway, so that the utilization rate of the roadway is greatly improved.
(3) The two roadways do not need to be completely excavated in advance in the forward mining, so that the capital investment of the early-stage excavation roadway is reduced; when the working face is stoped, the roadway is dug while mining, so that the problem of tension in mining relation is greatly relieved.
(4) And realizing non-coal-pillar continuous mining on two sides of the main roadway and between the main roadways and non-coal-pillar continuous mining between working faces, and finally realizing non-coal-pillar continuous mining in a mining area.
(5) The continuous working face haulage roadway is in a low-stress environment, the continuous working face haulage roadway is covered with goaf caving gangue, the continuous mining and overlying rock integrated characteristic is presented between the working faces, the roadway load is reduced, and the stress concentration phenomenon of adjacent roadways of the continuous working face is avoided from being prominent; meanwhile, the influence of long-time high stress commonly existing in the mine mining of mountains or large roadways in China is improved, and the coal seam and the adjacent coal seam roadway engineering are thoroughly liberated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a last working face of a conventional mining area for recovering a coal pillar from a mountain at the end of mining;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mining area advancing type continuous pillar-free mining method adopting a central parallel ventilation mode according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mining area advancing type continuous pillar-free mining method adopting a central split type ventilation mode in an embodiment
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
a. In the middle of the well field, a large transportation roadway and a large return air roadway are arranged in parallel along the direction of the coal seam, a rail ascending and a transportation ascending are arranged in parallel along the inclination of the coal seam, a connecting roadway is arranged between the rail ascending and the transportation ascending, and a first mining working face is arranged on the boundary of the upper part of the well field;
b. the track ascending is used as a cut hole of a first mining working face, and two connecting lanes between the tracks ascending are respectively used as a transportation roadway and a return air roadway to form a production system;
c. a large roadway protection coal pillar is not reserved on one side of the working surface of the upper mountain edge of the track, a hydraulic support is directly arranged on the upper mountain edge of the track, and the upper mountain edge gob-side entry retaining of the track is realized by roof cutting pressure relief or wall building during stoping;
d. the first mining working face is pushed to pass through the transport uphill, the directly scrapped sections are transported uphill, and a sealing wall is arranged to block the wind current from flowing to the goaf along the transport uphill;
e. the first mining working face continues to push extraction along the trend, an air return gallery and a transportation gallery are pre-excavated forwards, air leakage is prevented by paving a rear goaf, and two galleries are reserved by using a roadside filling technology;
f. when the first mining working face is pushed to the vicinity of the boundary protection coal pillar, whether a double-withdrawal channel technology is adopted or not is selected according to the mining tension relation;
g. and (3) arranging a continuous working face return air gallery in an 'inner staggered' pre-digging manner below a goaf of a first mining working face transport gallery, arranging the transport gallery in a coal seam roof in a pre-digging manner, moving a hydraulic support to a rail to go up a mountain, wherein the mining process is the same as the patent protection rights b, c, d, e and f.
h. The last working face of the upper mining area directly utilizes a large transportation roadway as a working face air inlet and transportation roadway, and the first mining working face of the lower mining area utilizes a large air return roadway as an air return roadway;
i. and scrapping or reserving the large transportation roadway according to the arrangement position of the air shaft, if a central parallel ventilation mode is adopted in the mining area, the large transportation roadway can be scrapped in sections, and if the central parallel ventilation mode is adopted, the gob-side entry reservation of the large transportation roadway is realized by utilizing top cutting pressure relief or building a wall body in the process of pushing the working face, so that the continuous mining area is continuously served.
Claims (7)
1. The mining area advancing type continuous pillar-free mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. in the middle of a well field, a large transportation roadway and a large air return roadway are arranged in parallel along the coal seam trend, an upper rail mountain and an upper transportation mountain are arranged in parallel along the coal seam trend, a connecting roadway is arranged between the upper rail mountain and the upper transportation mountain, and a first mining working face is arranged on the boundary of the upper part of the well field;
b. the track ascending is used as a cut hole of a first mining working face, and two connecting lanes between the tracks ascending are respectively used as a transportation roadway and a return air roadway to form a production system;
c. a large roadway protection coal pillar is not reserved on one side of the working surface of the upper mountain edge of the track, a hydraulic support is directly arranged on the upper mountain edge of the track, and the upper mountain edge gob-side entry retaining of the track is realized by roof cutting pressure relief or wall building in the early stage of stoping;
d. the first mining working face pushes the conveying upward hill, the section is directly scrapped to be conveyed upward hill and a sealing wall is arranged to block the wind current from flowing to the goaf along the conveying upward hill;
e. the first mining working face continues to advance along the forward direction for stoping, a return air drift and a transportation drift are tunneled forward at the same time, two drifts are reserved by using a roadside filling technology, and airflow is prevented from entering a goaf by laying cloth behind the working face;
f. when the first mining working face is pushed to the vicinity of the boundary protection coal pillar, whether a double-withdrawal channel technology is adopted or not is selected according to the mining tension relation;
g. and (3) continuing ascending the track of the working face to a transport ascending section, pre-digging an air return gallery in an inward-staggered manner below a goaf of a transport gallery of the first mining working face, pre-digging the transport gallery to a coal seam roof, directly moving a hydraulic support to the track ascending, wherein the follow-up working face stoping process is the same as the patent protection rights b, c, d, e and f.
h. The last working face of the upper mining area directly utilizes a large transportation roadway as a working face air inlet and transportation roadway, and the first mining working face of the lower mining area utilizes a large return air roadway as a return air roadway;
i. and scrapping or reserving the large transportation roadway according to the arrangement position of the air shaft, if a central parallel ventilation mode is adopted in the mining area, the large transportation roadway can be scrapped in sections, and if the central parallel ventilation mode is adopted, the gob-side entry reservation of the large transportation roadway is realized by utilizing top cutting pressure relief or building a wall body in the process of pushing the working face, so that the continuous mining area is continuously served.
2. The mining area advancing type continuous coal pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, during preparation of the mining area, the middle part of the mining area is divided into a tunneling transportation main lane and a return air main lane, in the stage, a tunneling transportation upper lane and a track upper lane are connected with the stage main lane and penetrate through the transportation upper lane and the track upper lane, the first mining working face is arranged at the upper boundary of the stage, the transportation upper lane is used as a cutting hole of the first mining working face to form a production system, the last working face at the upper part of the stage uses the transportation upper lane as a working face transportation roadway, and the last working face at the lower part of the stage uses the return air main lane as a section return air roadway.
3. The mining area advancing type continuous coal pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, a working face initial stage, namely an initial mining stage, is adopted and excavated along with mining without a pre-excavated transport roadway and a return air roadway.
4. The mining area advancing type continuous coal pillar-free mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step c, the working face is initially mined without keeping a transport upward mountain, and after the working face is pushed over the transport upward mountain, a sealing wall is required to be arranged to block the wind current from flowing to the goaf along the transport upward mountain.
5. The mining area advancing type continuous pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the working face is pushed forward until mining is stopped after the pillars on the boundary of the mining area, and the remaining haulage drifts are used for moving.
6. The mining area advancing type continuous coal pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein in the step e, the other working faces at the upper part of the mining area are all prepared for mining by taking a transport ascending mountain as a cut hole, the transport ascending mountain which is already mined can be directly scrapped, and meanwhile, the track ascending mountain is reserved for a working face return air route through filling and supporting.
7. The mining area advancing type continuous coal pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein in the step f, the last working face at the upper part of the mining area can be mined in a Z-shaped ventilation mode by using a main haulage roadway as an air inlet roadway of the working face, and then the main haulage roadway is reserved by a gob-side entry retaining technology to continue to serve the lower mining area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211484717.9A CN115822602A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Method for realizing forward type continuous non-pillar mining of mining area |
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| CN202211484717.9A CN115822602A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Method for realizing forward type continuous non-pillar mining of mining area |
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