CN115818995A - Preparation method of basalt sand and cement-based material - Google Patents
Preparation method of basalt sand and cement-based material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115818995A CN115818995A CN202211430644.5A CN202211430644A CN115818995A CN 115818995 A CN115818995 A CN 115818995A CN 202211430644 A CN202211430644 A CN 202211430644A CN 115818995 A CN115818995 A CN 115818995A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 260
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 148
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005335 volcanic glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220304 Prunus dulcis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of basalt sand and a cement-based material, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, crushing: crushing basalt to obtain basalt particles; step 2, ball milling: ball-milling the basalt slag particles to obtain the basalt slag-containing material. The cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-110 parts of a cementing material; 10-60 parts of fine aggregate; 5-35 parts of auxiliary materials; 10-40 parts of water; wherein the fine aggregate adopts the basalt sand. The invention changes the morphological characteristics of the basalt sand through ball milling, improves the fluidity and the compressive strength of the cement-based material prepared from the basalt sand, and makes the preparation of the cement-based material by using the basalt sand as a fine aggregate to replace river sand possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cement-based materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of basalt sand and a cement-based material.
Background
The cement-based material usually uses river sand as fine aggregate, however, with the rapid development of the infrastructure industry in China, the usage amount of the river sand is continuously increased, and the resource is gradually deficient, so that the river sand substitute in the cement-based material is sought, and the river sand resource is saved.
Basalt is the most main composition of earth's shells and is a solid substance which is widely distributed on the earth and has huge reserves; the main components are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide and the like, the corrosion resistance is good, the volume density is 2.8-3.3 g/cm, the compact structure leads the material to have excellent compression and bending resistance, and the compression strength can reach 300 MPa; can be used as building fine aggregate.
However, when fine basalt sand particles crushed from basalt are used as fine aggregates of cement-based materials, especially when basalt particles are crushed into particles below 2.36mm, the cement-based materials have low fluidity and low compressive strength due to flat shape and convex edges and corners, and therefore, the application of basalt sand as the fine aggregates in the cement-based materials is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a preparation method of basalt sand and a cement-based material, which change the morphological characteristics of the basalt sand through ball milling, improve the fluidity and the compressive strength of the cement-based material prepared from the basalt sand, and make the preparation of the cement-based material by using the basalt sand as a fine aggregate to replace river sand possible.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the first technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing: crushing basalt to obtain basalt particles;
step 2, ball milling: and ball-milling the basalt particles to obtain the basalt particle-containing material.
Preferably, the basalt particles in the step 1 are particles with a particle size of 4mm or less.
As a preferred technical scheme, the ball milling adopts a ball mill, and the ball milling time is 0.5-2h; the ball milling speed of the ball mill is 400r/min.
As a preferable technical scheme, after the step 2, the method further comprises a step 3;
step 3, grading:
step 3-1, screening the ball-milled basalt particles obtained in the step 2 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals;
step 3-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare basalt sand;
the fullerene formula is as follows:
d is the maximum particle size of the aggregate, mm;
n is the coefficient of the fullerene formula, and n =0.3-0.5.
Preferably, the fullerene formula coefficient n =0.4-0.45.
As a preferred technical solution, it is proposed that,
when the grain size range of the graded basalt sand is 0-0.6mm, the fullerene formula coefficient n =0.4;
when the grain size range of the graded basalt sand is 0-2.36mm, the fullerene formula coefficient n =0.45;
when the grain size range of the graded basalt sand is 0.075-2.36mm, the fullerene formula coefficient n =0.4.
The second technical scheme is as follows:
the basalt sand prepared by the preparation method.
The third technical scheme is as follows:
an application of the basalt sand in preparing cement-based materials.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-110 parts of a cementing material;
10-60 parts of fine aggregate;
5-35 parts of auxiliary materials;
10-40 parts of water;
wherein the fine aggregate employs basalt sand as recited in claim 6,
as a preferred technical scheme, the cementing material is cement; the auxiliary materials are one or more of fly ash, silica fume, an expanding agent and a water reducing agent.
The preferable technical scheme comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the auxiliary materials comprise, by weight, 5-25 parts of fly ash, 0.5-5 parts of silica fume, 0.2-3 parts of expanding agent and 0.2-2 parts of water reducing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ball milling treatment is carried out on the crushed basalt particles, the sphericity of the basalt sand is improved through the ball milling, the edges and corners of the basalt sand are reduced, the mechanical property of the basalt sand is improved, and the friction resistance is reduced, so that compared with the direct use of the crushed basalt particles, the compression strength of the prepared cement-based material test piece is obviously improved, and the fluidity of the cement-based material slurry is also obviously improved.
According to the invention, the ball-milled basalt particles are subjected to particle size grading by adopting a fullerene formula, when the fullerene formula coefficient n =0.4-0.45, the solid particles are regularly arranged and reasonably matched in thickness, and a mixture with the maximum density and the minimum pore space can be obtained, so that the prepared test block has higher strength and stronger fluidity.
According to the invention, through ball milling and grading of basalt sand, the compressive strength and the fluidity of the cement-based material test piece are improved, so that the fact that the basalt sand replaces river sand to be used as the cement-based material fine aggregate is realized, river sand resources are saved, the environmental problem caused by basalt slag accumulation is solved, and the resource utilization of basalt slag is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the influence of crushed basalt sand and ball-milled basalt sand with a particle size range of 0-0.6mm on the compressive strength of a cement-based test piece after grading according to a Fuller formula;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of crushed basalt sand and ball-milled basalt sand on the compressive strength of a cement-based test piece after grading according to a fullerene formula, wherein the particle size range of the crushed basalt sand and the ball-milled basalt sand is 0-2.36 mm;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the influence of crushed basalt sand and ball-milled basalt sand on the compressive strength of a cement-based test piece after grading according to a fullerene formula, wherein the particle size range of the crushed basalt sand and the ball-milled basalt sand is 0.075-2.36 mm;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of grading crushed basalt sand and ball-milled basalt sand with a particle size range of 0-0.6mm on the fluidity of cement-based slurries according to a Fuller's formula;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the effect on cement-based slurry fluidity after grading crushed basalt sand and ball-milled basalt sand according to the Fuller's formula for particle sizes ranging from 0-2.36 mm;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the effect of grading crushed basalt sand with ball milled basalt sand according to the Fuller's formula on the fluidity of cement-based slurries with a particle size range of 0.075-2.36 mm;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of ball-milled basalt with different particle size ranges on the water absorption of cement-based material test pieces;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the effect of ball milled basalt on cement based material specimen density over different particle size ranges.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the invention:
the Portland cement is P.O 52.5.5 produced by Jiuqi building materials Co., ltd of the cities;
the basalt sand is 'almond glass-based basalt', the rock is in a spot-shaped structure, the matrix is a glass crystal interwoven structure, the spot crystals mainly comprise labrador (16%) and pyroxene (10%), and the matrix comprises volcanic glass (50%), the labrador (10%) and the pyroxene (5%). The spot crystal components are uniformly dispersed in the volcanic glass matrix, the rock is gray black, compact and blocky, the chemical components of the rock are shown in a table 1, wherein IL is a burning vector;
TABLE 1
| Composition (A) | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | IL |
| Basalt powder | 57.96 | 12.74 | 10.15 | 1.13 | 3.01 | 6.38 | 2.44 | 1.7 | 4.35 |
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate (%) of the mortar is not less than 14%;
the expanding agent is calcium sulphoaluminate cement expanding agent;
the fly ash is I-grade fly ash; silica fume (98%).
in the formula: p is the percent of pass of aggregates with a certain particle size d;
d is the maximum particle size of the aggregate, mm;
n is the coefficient of the fullerene formula, and n =0.3-0.5.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Examples 1 to 5:
a cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 65 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0-0.6 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 1mm, namely basalt particles;
step 2, ball milling: carrying out ball milling treatment on basalt particles;
the ball milling adopts a ball mill, and the ball milling time is 2h; the ball milling speed of the ball mill is 400r/min.
Step 3, grading:
3-1, screening the basalt particles subjected to ball milling in the step 2 according to particle sizes, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; in this embodiment, the basalt particles with different particle size ranges include basalt particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 0.075mm, basalt particles with a particle size of 0.075-0.15mm, basalt particles with a particle size of 0.15-0.3mm, and basalt particles with a particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm.
And 3-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm.
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
The grading ratios of basalt sand with a grain size of 0 to 0.6mm in examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Examples 6 to 10
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 65 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0-2.36 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 3mm, namely basalt particles;
step 2, ball milling: and ball-milling the basalt particles to obtain the basalt particle-containing material.
The ball milling adopts a ball mill, and the ball milling time is 2h; the ball milling speed of the ball mill is 400r/min.
Step 3, grading:
step 3-1, screening the ball-milled basalt particles obtained in the step 2 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size intervals comprise basalt particles with particle size less than or equal to 0.075mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.075-0.15mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.15-0.3mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.6-1.18mm and basalt particles with particle size of 1.18-2.36 mm.
And 3-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-2.36 mm.
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and stirring uniformly, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer after the mortar stirrer rotates at a low speed of 30 s, stirring at a low speed of 30 s, and then rotating at a high speed of 90 s to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
The grading ratios of basalt sand with a grain size of 0 to 2.36mm in examples 6 to 10 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Examples 11 to 15
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 65 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0.075-2.36 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 3mm, namely basalt particles;
step 2, ball milling: and ball-milling the basalt particles to obtain the basalt particle-containing material.
The ball milling adopts a ball mill, and the ball milling time is 2 hours; the ball milling speed of the ball mill is 400r/min.
Step 3, grading:
step 3-1, screening the ball-milled basalt particles obtained in the step 2 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size intervals comprise basalt particles with the particle size of 0.075-0.15mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.15-0.3mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.6-1.18mm and basalt particles with the particle size of 1.18-2.36 mm.
And 3-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-2.36 mm.
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
The grading ratios of the basalt sand with the grain size of 0.075-2.36mm in the examples 11-15 are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Example 16
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 62.4 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0-0.6 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 1mm, namely basalt particles;
step 2, ball milling: and carrying out ball milling treatment on the basalt particles to obtain the basalt particles.
The ball milling adopts a ball mill, and the ball milling time is 2h; the ball milling speed of the ball mill is 400r/min.
Step 3, grading:
3-1, screening the basalt particles subjected to ball milling in the step 2 according to particle sizes, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size intervals comprise basalt particles with the particle size of more than or equal to 0.6, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.15-0.3mm and basalt particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.15.
And 3-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm.
In the embodiment, the grain size grading proportion of the basalt sand with the grain size of 0-0.6mm is shown in table 5;
TABLE 5
| Particle size range/mm of basalt particles | ≥0.6 | 0.3-0.6 | 0.15-0.3 | ≤0.15 |
| The proportion of basalt particles in each grade (%) | 0 | 62.7 | 26.0 | 11.3 |
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
Comparative examples 1 to 5
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 65 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0-0.6 mm;
15 parts of coal ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 1mm to prepare basalt particles;
step 2, grading:
2-1, screening the basalt particles obtained by crushing in the step 1 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size ranges comprise basalt particles with particle size less than or equal to 0.075mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.075-0.15mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.15-0.3mm and basalt particles with particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm.
And 2-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm.
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
The grading ratios of the basalt sand with the grain size of 0-0.6mm in the comparative examples 1-5 are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6
Comparative examples 6 to 10
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 65 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0-2.36 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 3mm, namely basalt particles;
step 2, grading:
2-1, screening the basalt particles obtained by crushing in the step 1 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size intervals comprise basalt particles with particle size less than or equal to 0.075mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.075-0.15mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.15-0.3mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, basalt particles with particle size of 0.6-1.18mm and basalt particles with particle size of 1.18-2.36 mm.
And 2-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-2.36 mm.
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
The grading ratios of the basalt sand with the grain size of 0-2.36mm in the comparative examples 6-10 are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7
Comparative examples 11 to 15
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 65 parts of basalt sand with the particle size of 0.075-2.36 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 3mm, namely basalt sand;
step 2, grading:
2-1, screening the basalt particles obtained by crushing in the step 1 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size intervals comprise basalt particles with the particle size of 0.075-0.15mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.15-0.3mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.6-1.18mm and basalt particles with the particle size of 1.18-2.36 mm.
And 2-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-2.36 mm.
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
The grading ratios of the basalt sand with the grain size of 0.075-2.36mm in comparative examples 11-15 are shown in table 8.
TABLE 8
Comparative example 16
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 62.4 parts of basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0-0.6 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the preparation method of the basalt sand comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing:
removing impurities from the basalt slag, drying, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.6mm, namely basalt particles;
step 2, grading:
2-1, screening the basalt particles obtained by crushing in the step 1 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals; the basalt particles with different particle size intervals comprise basalt particles with the particle size of more than or equal to 0.6, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, basalt particles with the particle size of 0.15-0.3mm and basalt particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.15.
And 2-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare the basalt sand with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm.
In the comparative example, the grading proportion of the basalt sand with the grain size of 0-0.6mm is shown in Table 9;
TABLE 9
| Particle size range/mm of basalt particles | ≥0.6 | 0.3-0.6 | 0.15-0.3 | ≤0.15 |
| Percentage of basalt particles of various size fraction (%) | 0 | 62.7 | 26.0 | 11.3 |
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
Comparative example 17
A cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) cementing materials: 52.5 parts of Portland cement;
fine aggregate: 62.4 parts of river sand with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm;
15 parts of fly ash;
2 parts of silica fume;
1 part of an expanding agent;
0.45 part of a water reducing agent;
28.5 parts of water;
the method comprises the following steps of preprocessing river sand before use, and determining river sand proportions in different particle size intervals in the river sand;
the river sand pretreatment comprises the following steps: removing impurities from river sand, drying, sieving, and collecting 0.6mm granules, i.e. river sand.
Determining the proportions of river sand particles in different particle size intervals in the river sand: screening the screened river sand according to the particle size, weighing, and calculating and determining the percentage content of river sand particles in different particle size intervals, wherein the river sand particles in different particle size intervals comprise river sand particles with the particle size of more than or equal to 0.6, river sand particles with the particle size of 0.3-0.6mm, river sand particles with the particle size of 0.15-0.3mm and river sand particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.15;
in the comparative example, the percentage of river sand particles with different particle size intervals obtained after weighing is shown in table 10;
TABLE 10
| River sand particle size range/mm | ≥0.6 | 0.3-0.6 | 0.15-0.3 | ≤0.15 |
| The proportion of each grade of river sand particles (%) | 0 | 62.7 | 26.0 | 11.3 |
A method for preparing cement-based material slurry comprises the following steps:
adding the cementing material, the fly ash, the silica fume, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into a mortar stirrer, dry-mixing and uniformly stirring, adding water into the mortar stirrer, pouring the fine aggregate into the mortar stirrer to stir 30 s at a low speed after 30 s rotates at a low speed, and then rotating 90 s at a high speed to prepare the cement-based material slurry for later use.
Example of effects:
1. the test method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing and maintaining a test block: the cement-based material slurries prepared in each of the examples and comparative examples were placed in a stand 15 s and then added to the test molds. The cement block size prepared by the experiment is 70.7 mm × 70.7 mm × 70.7 mm, the cement block is stirred, vibrated by a vibration table, cured at room temperature to 48 h and demoulded. In the compression test, the compression strength of the demolded test block was tested after being cured in a water bath at 55 ℃ for 7 days.
2. Compressive strength test: refer to the cement mortar compressive strength test method in JGJ/T70-2009 Standard Experimental methods for basic Performance of building mortar. Mortar cube compressive strength (MPa) =1.35 = (Nu/a); nu-cube breaking pressure (N), A-specimen bearing area (mm) 2 ）。
3. Fluidity test: refer to GB/T2419-2004 method for determining fluidity of cement mortar; the mortar fluidity instrument (model: NLD-3, vibration frequency 1 Hz, vibration plane using enlarging diameter 400 mm + -1 mm platform, vibration times 25 times, vibration distance 10 mm + -0.2 mm).
4. Water absorption test: refer to JGJ/T70-2009 Standard Experimental method for basic Performance of building mortar.
5. Density test: testing dry weight and test block density (g/cm) by referring to JGJ/T70-2009 Standard Experimental method for basic Performance of building mortar 3 ) = G/V; g-coupon dry weight (G), V-coupon volume (7.07 cm by 7.07 cm).
2. Test results and analysis
1. The influence of the grain size grading ratio (namely, the fullerene formula coefficient n) of the basalt sand on the compressive strength of the cement-based test piece is shown in figures 1-3;
as can be seen from the graphs in FIGS. 1 to 3, with the increase of the value of the fullerene formula coefficient n, the compressive strength of the cement-based material test block prepared from the basalt sand with different particle sizes generally tends to increase first and then decrease, compared with the basalt sand which is not subjected to ball milling treatment and is only subjected to crushing treatment in comparative examples 1 to 15, the strength of the cement-based material test block prepared from the basalt sand which is subjected to crushing treatment and then ball milling treatment in examples 1 to 15 is obviously improved, and the influence of the basalt sand with finer particle size (0 to 0.6 mm) is more obvious.
As can be seen from fig. 1: in the examples 1-5, when the cement-based material test block is prepared by adopting the basalt sand with the grain size of 0-0.6mm, the strength of the cement-based material test block is the highest when the fullerene formula coefficient n is 0.4;
as can be seen from fig. 2: in the examples 6 to 10, when the cement-based material test block is prepared by adopting the basalt sand with the grain size of 0 to 2.36mm, the strength of the cement-based material test block is the highest when the fullerene formula coefficient n is 0.45;
as can be seen from fig. 3: in the examples 11 to 15, when the cement-based material test block is prepared by adopting the basalt sand with the grain diameter of 0.075 to 2.36mm, the strength of the cement-based material test block is the highest when the fullerene formula coefficient n is 0.4;
the cement-based material has smaller porosity and stable conglomeration structure due to good gradation, so that the prepared test block is uniform and dense, the strength and durability of the cement-based test block can be improved, and the framework and the stabilizing effect of the fine aggregate are exerted to the maximum extent. The coarse sand can improve the strength of the mortar, so that the stress in the test block is concentrated, but the excessive coarse sand can influence the material gradation continuity and generate more pores. Meanwhile, excessive coarse sand can reduce drying shrinkage, but can increase the number of microcracks in the cement base material slurry, and has adverse effect on the hardened cement base material. The fine sand can effectively improve the stress uniformity of the test block, but the excessive content of the fine sand is not beneficial to forming good gradation, the specific surface area is large, the water absorption of the material is increased, and the strength of the material is also not beneficial.
From the above, it can be seen that: the strength of the cement-based material test block is influenced by the grading proportion of the basalt sand, so that the reasonable grading of the basalt sand and the reasonable allocation of coarse sand and fine sand are very important.
2. The influence of the grain size grading ratio (i.e. the fullerene formula coefficient n) of the basalt sand on the fluidity of the cement-based material slurry is shown in fig. 4-6;
as can be seen from fig. 4-6: with the increase of the coefficient n of the fullerene formula, the fluidity of cement-based material mortar prepared from basalt sand with different particle sizes is obviously in an increasing trend, and the finer the particles of the basalt sand, the lower the fluidity of the basalt sand is; compared with the basalt sand which is not subjected to ball milling treatment and is only subjected to crushing treatment in the comparative examples 1 to 15, the cement-based material slurry prepared from the basalt sand which is subjected to ball milling treatment after crushing in the examples 1 to 15 has obviously improved fluidity.
This may be due to: the specific surface area of the coarser particles is lower, and the water adsorption capacity of the material is poorer, so that the fluidity of the material is obviously improved; the fine particles have larger specific surface area, higher water absorption and stronger adsorption capacity to water, and when the content of the fine sand is increased, more water is adsorbed, and the flowability of the mortar is poorer.
3. The influence of the basalt sands with different grain size ranges on the water absorption of the cement-based material test piece is shown in figure 7;
as can be seen from FIG. 7, the water absorption of the cement-based test block is continuously increased with the increase of the value of the fullerene formula coefficient n by adopting the basalt sand of 0-0.6mm in the examples 1-5 and the basalt sand of 0.075-2.36mm in the examples 11-15; in examples 6 to 10, the water absorption of the cement-based test piece was first lowered and then raised by using 0 to 2.36mm of basalt sand.
This may be because: the fine particles contain more basalt stone powder with the particle size of less than 75 um, and the basalt stone powder has higher specific surface area and stronger adsorption capacity on water. Along with the increase of the doping amount of the finer basalt sand in the cement-based material slurry, the content of the stone powder is increased, the more the water is adsorbed, and the poorer the fluidity of the cement-based material slurry is. The free water in the cement-based material slurry with high fluidity is relatively high, when the test block is dry and hard, more pores are formed in the cement-based material slurry, and the higher the porosity is, the higher the water absorption rate of the cement-based material test block is, so that the water absorption rate of the cement-based material test block is increased.
4. The influence of the basalt sand with different particle size ranges on the density of the cement-based material test piece is shown in figure 8;
as can be seen from fig. 8: in the examples 1-5, the basalt sand of 0-0.6mm is adopted, and the overall density of the cement-based test block is increased along with the increase of the value of the coefficient n of the fullerene formula; the basalt sand of 0-2.36mm is adopted in the examples 6-10 and the basalt sand of 0.075-2.36mm is adopted in the examples 11-15, and the integral density of the cement-based test block is firstly increased and then reduced along with the increase of the value of the fullerene formula coefficient n;
as can also be seen from fig. 8: examples 6-10 used basalt sand of 0-2.36mm, and the cement-based test pieces were relatively low in density compared to examples 1-5 and examples 11-15.
5. The influence of different fine aggregates on the compression resistance and the workability of the cement-based material test piece is shown in table 11;
TABLE 11
| Comparative example 17 | Comparative example 16 | Example 16 | |
| Compressive strength/MPa | 90.11 | 78.52 | 88.63 |
| Fluidity/mm | 340 | 227 | 355 |
As can be seen from the data in table 11: under the same fineness, the compression strength of the cement-based test block prepared by adopting natural river sand in the comparative example 17 is obviously higher than that of the cement-based test block prepared by adopting crushed basalt sand in the comparative example 16, and the fluidity of the cement-based material slurry prepared by adopting river sand in the comparative example 17 is also obviously higher than that of the comparative example 16. Compared with the cement-based test block prepared by adopting the crushed basalt sand in the comparative example 16, the cement-based test block prepared by adopting the basalt sand obtained by ball milling in the example 16 has the advantage that the strength of the cement-based test block is obviously improved, and the fluidity of the cement-based material slurry prepared by adopting the basalt sand obtained by ball milling in the example 16 is more than that of the cement-based material slurry prepared by adopting river sand in the comparative example 17.
The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not exhaustive of the possible implementations of the invention. Any obvious modifications to the above would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, but would not bring the invention so modified beyond the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the basalt sand is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, crushing: crushing basalt to obtain basalt particles;
step 2, ball milling: and ball-milling the basalt particles to obtain the basalt particle-containing material.
2. The method for preparing basalt sand according to claim 1, wherein,
and (3) the particle size of the basalt particles in the step 1 is less than or equal to 4 mm.
3. The method for preparing basalt sand according to claim 1,
the ball milling adopts a ball mill, and the ball milling time is 0.5-2h; the ball milling speed of the ball mill is 400r/min.
4. The method for preparing basalt sand according to claim 1,
after the step 2, a step 3 is also included;
step 3, grading:
step 3-1, screening the ball-milled basalt particles obtained in the step 2 according to particle size, and collecting the basalt particles in different particle size intervals;
step 3-2, grading the basalt particles with different particle size intervals according to a fullerene formula to prepare basalt sand;
the fullerene formula is as follows:
in the formula: p is the percent of pass of aggregates with a certain particle size d;
d is the maximum particle size of the aggregate, mm;
n is the coefficient of the fullerene formula, and n =0.3-0.5.
5. The method for preparing basalt sand according to claim 4,
the fullerene formula coefficient n =0.4-0.45.
6. Basalt sand produced by the production method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Use of the basalt sand of claim 6 in the preparation of a cement-based material.
8. The cement-based material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-110 parts of a cementing material;
10-60 parts of fine aggregate;
5-35 parts of auxiliary materials;
10-40 parts of water;
wherein the fine aggregate is the basalt sand of claim 6.
9. The cementitious material of claim 8, wherein the cementitious material is cement; the auxiliary materials are one or more of fly ash, silica fume, an expanding agent and a water reducing agent.
10. A cementitious material as claimed in claim 9,
the auxiliary materials comprise, by weight, 5-25 parts of fly ash, 0.5-5 parts of silica fume, 0.2-3 parts of expanding agent and 0.2-2 parts of water reducing agent.
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