CN115818595B - Closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system - Google Patents
Closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115818595B CN115818595B CN202211401709.3A CN202211401709A CN115818595B CN 115818595 B CN115818595 B CN 115818595B CN 202211401709 A CN202211401709 A CN 202211401709A CN 115818595 B CN115818595 B CN 115818595B
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 388
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- WNQQFQRHFNVNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Fe] Chemical compound [Ca].[Fe] WNQQFQRHFNVNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system, and relates to the technical field of sludge phosphorus recovery. According to the invention, a heating and heat-preserving structure is pertinently arranged for conventional sludge phosphorus recovery equipment and a process, a hollow double-layer structure is arranged on each of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank, and the inside is filled with a stable temperature maintaining medium, so that the inner walls of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank are kept at a stable proper temperature, and the phenomenon that phosphorus steam is adhered to the outer walls of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank due to cooling of the outer walls of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank is finally caused to be blocked is avoided; in addition, the phosphorus steam pipeline is arranged to be in a form of two branch pipes, the two branch pipes are recycled, the heat insulation structure and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flushing mechanism are arranged on the branch pipes, impurity particles adhered to the inner wall of the phosphorus steam pipeline are removed when the branch pipes are stopped in use, the phenomenon that the impurity particles adhere to form a low-temperature point and yellow phosphorus is condensed into a solid state at the low-temperature point is prevented, the pipeline is blocked by accumulation, meanwhile, the process of conveying the recovered yellow phosphorus to a refining process is simplified, and safe, clean and high-efficiency production is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge phosphorus recovery, in particular to a closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system.
Background
The phosphorus mud is a byproduct formed in the yellow phosphorus production process by mixing phosphorus and impurities, the main components comprise 5-40% of phosphorus, 1-5% of solid impurities and 20-80% of water, wherein the phosphorus is wrapped by solid particles with high adsorption capacity and forms emulsion together with the water, and under the higher temperature, a solvation film protective layer is formed on the surface of the phosphorus after hydration of colloid substances such as silicon, iron calcium and dust through hydration film interaction due to the dipolar molecular mutual wrapping effect of the phosphorus and the water, so that the yellow phosphorus particles are prevented from being mutually contacted and condensed, the phosphorus and other impurities are difficult to separate, the recovery of the phosphorus in the phosphorus mud is difficult, but the phosphorus mud contains some highly toxic phosphide, and serious pollution is caused to the environment without proper treatment.
At present, the method for recycling the phosphorus mud mainly adopts the traditional dry distillation extraction and recycling method, and the process flow is as follows: placing a certain amount of phosphorus mud into a phosphorus steaming pot, closing a feed inlet, rotating the phosphorus steaming pot, sublimating elemental phosphorus in the pot by heating the outside of the pot body, cooling sublimated phosphorus vapor in a phosphorus receiving tank to generate solid state from gas, recovering the solid state, and refining to obtain a phosphorus finished product; in actual production, in order to prevent gas leakage and simultaneously facilitate the flow of cooling water, the phosphorus receiving tanks of most yellow phosphorus enterprises are large reinforced concrete tanks built below the ground, but the method has some potential safety hazards:
firstly, when cooling the phosphorus mud steam, the phosphorus steam enters a phosphorus receiving tank with cooling water through a pipeline, and the phosphorus steam is condensed along with the decrease of the external temperature, so that the particles of the phosphorus steam become larger continuously and become easy to condense, and the phosphorus steam is more quickly condensed into a liquid state or even a solid state after contacting the cooling water in the phosphorus receiving tank; while flowing the phosphorus steam, the phosphorus steam pipeline also has other impurities generated by heating the phosphorus mud to pass through, the impurities can be attached to the pipe wall to form uneven barriers, a plurality of temperature abrupt change areas with different sizes can be formed at the position where the lee surfaces of the barriers cannot be directly contacted with the airflow in the pipeline, namely a plurality of low-temperature points exist on the inner wall of the pipeline, and when the phosphorus steam flows through, the low-temperature points are condensed into solid state and gradually accumulated, so that the inner diameter of the pipeline is reduced, and the pressure in the pipeline and the phosphorus pot is continuously increased; secondly, the temperature distribution of cooling water in the phosphorus receiving tank is uneven, or the temperature in the phosphorus receiving tank is too low, the situation that yellow phosphorus collected in the tank is condensed into solid is very easy to occur, if the solid yellow phosphorus is accumulated at the position opposite to the inlet of the phosphorus steam pipeline, the solid yellow phosphorus is continuously accumulated, even the situation that the accumulated solid yellow phosphorus blocks the inlet of the phosphorus steam pipeline, the pressure in the pipeline and the phosphorus pot is continuously increased as a result, and even the production accident of equipment explosion caused by the blockage of the phosphorus steam pipeline of the traditional yellow phosphorus manufacturer occurs.
In addition, when the yellow phosphorus in the phosphorus receiving tank is refined, the yellow phosphorus and the cooling water are pumped into the refining equipment through the pump, and because the phosphorus receiving tank is positioned under the ground and is of a sealing structure, in the process, the actual working conditions in the phosphorus receiving tank are complex, particularly the water level of the cooling water and the liquid level of the yellow phosphorus, and the position relationship between the water level of the cooling water and the bottom of the air inlet pipeline and the bottom of the scrubber are required to be mastered and controlled in real time, thereby limiting the rapid transfer of the yellow phosphorus in the phosphorus receiving tank and negatively affecting the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system, which mainly ensures that pipeline blockage is avoided in the sludge phosphorus recovery process by optimally designing a phosphorus steam conveying and cooling recovery mechanism of the sludge phosphorus recovery system, prevents leakage in the recovery process, simplifies the process of conveying recovered yellow phosphorus to a refining process, and realizes safe, clean and efficient production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a closed anti-blocking mud phosphorus recovery system, includes 1-3 mud phosphorus recovery units of parallelly connected setting, and wherein, every mud phosphorus recovery unit still includes 1-3 parallelly connected mud phosphorus heating mechanism and a phosphorus steam transport and recovery mechanism to all mud phosphorus recovery units share a mud phosphorus feeding mechanism, gas supply mechanism, phosphorus simple substance transport and temporary storage mechanism and yellow phosphorus refining mechanism.
The sludge phosphorus feeding mechanism comprises a sludge phosphorus pump and a sludge phosphorus pipeline, wherein the sludge phosphorus pipeline is connected with the sludge phosphorus heating mechanism in each sludge phosphorus recovery unit in a detachable pipeline mode and conveys the sludge phosphorus to the sludge phosphorus heating mechanism; the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas after gas washing treatment, a supporting combustion air device and an ignition device form a gas supply mechanism to externally heat a phosphorus rotary pot in the phosphorus heating mechanism, and the phosphorus heating mechanism also comprises a semi-closed tail gas combustion furnace which is connected to a waste gas treatment system; the phosphorus steam conveying and recycling mechanism comprises a phosphorus steam pipeline, a composite phosphorus receiving tank and a three-stage washing tower; the height of the upper port of the composite phosphorus receiving tank is flush with the height of the phosphorus mud rotary pot outlet, the phosphorus steam outlet of the phosphorus mud rotary pot is horizontally connected with the composite phosphorus receiving tank through a steam pipeline, and the other end of the steam pipeline stretches into the interior of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and is submerged below the condensed water level in the composite phosphorus receiving tank; the three-stage washing tower comprises a first washing tower and a second washing tower, wherein the tops of the first washing tower and the second washing tower are communicated, and a third washing tower is arranged on the composite phosphorus receiving tank in parallel, an outlet of the second washing tower is immersed in cooling water, a partition is arranged between openings at the lower ends of the first washing tower and the second washing tower, the lower edge of the partition is also immersed in the cooling water, and gas is prevented from flowing mutually at the openings at the lower ends of the first washing tower and the second washing tower; in addition, the gas outlet pipeline at the upper end of the third washing tower is connected to the comprehensive washing tower after being converged with the exhaust pipeline of the tail gas combustion furnace, and the washing tower is connected with a fan to send the exhaust gas to a whitening system.
The composite phosphorus receiving groove is respectively communicated with a water guide pipe and a phosphorus guide pipe; the water guide pipe is arranged at the upper half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, a stop valve is arranged on the water guide pipe, water after the phosphorus steam is cooled in the three-stage washing tower is guided out to a sedimentation tank and finally sent to a water treatment system, in addition, the height of an overflow port of the water guide pipe is higher than that of a lower port of the phosphorus steam pipeline in the composite phosphorus receiving tank, and the lower port of a tower body, which is needed to be submerged below the water surface, in the three-stage washing tower, cooling water falls from the washing tower, the water level exceeds the overflow port and is guided away, the water guide is stopped when the water level is flush with the overflow port, and the cooling water in the composite phosphorus receiving tank can be kept to be enabled to overflow the lower ports of the phosphorus steam pipeline and the second washing tower at any time; the phosphorus guide pipe is arranged at the lower half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, a ball valve is arranged on the phosphorus guide pipe, liquid yellow phosphorus deposited at the bottom is transferred into the temporary storage tank through gravity and cooling water directly led from the cooling water tank, and the liquid yellow phosphorus reaches a preset reserve and is sent to the yellow phosphorus refining system.
The main body part of the compound phosphorus receiving tank and the tower body of the three-stage washing tower are of hollow double-layer structures, stable high-temperature maintaining mediums are filled in the main body part of the compound phosphorus receiving tank and the tower body of the three-stage washing tower, the temperature stability of the inner layer of the compound phosphorus receiving tank and the inner layer of the three-stage washing tower is maintained, the temperature reduction of the inner layers of the compound phosphorus receiving tank and the three-stage washing tower caused by heat dissipation is avoided, phosphorus vapor contained in flowing gas in the three-stage condensation tower is adhered to the tower wall to be solidified, and liquid yellow phosphorus gathered in the compound phosphorus receiving tank is changed into a solid form incapable of flowing.
In addition, the yellow phosphorus steam generated in the phosphorus sludge transfer pot is led into the composite phosphorus receiving tank through the phosphorus steam pipeline, and is condensed and recovered through the gas path of the recovery condensing tower, so that the phosphorus steam is deposited at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank; the main pipe at the air inlet end of the phosphorus steam pipeline is connected with the air outlet pipe of the phosphorus sludge rotary pot and then divided into two branch pipes with a U-shaped structure, blocking valves are respectively arranged at the starting end of each branch pipe and the tail end before entering the composite phosphorus receiving tank, the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe for flushing high-temperature high-pressure steam are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the branch pipe body between the two blocking valves, and the blocking valves on the two branch pipes are uniformly connected with a control mechanism.
Preferably, each sludge phosphorus recovery unit comprises two sludge phosphorus heating mechanisms and a phosphorus steam conveying and recovery mechanism, and each sludge phosphorus recovery unit shares a sludge phosphorus feeding mechanism, a fuel gas supply mechanism, a phosphorus simple substance conveying and temporary storage mechanism and a yellow phosphorus refining mechanism.
Preferably, the temperature maintaining medium filled with the hollow structure between the main body of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and the inner and outer layers of the tower body of the three-stage washing tower is water at 60-80 ℃ or an electric heating device which is in non-contact with the inner and outer layers.
Preferably, the high-temperature maintaining medium filled with the hollow structure between the inner layer and the outer layer of the phosphorus steam pipeline is superheated steam at 100-300 ℃ or an electric heating device which is not contacted with the inner layer and the outer layer.
The recovery process of the sludge phosphorus recovery system comprises the following steps:
1. mud phosphorus heating
(1) Removing part of water from the sludge phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus pond, and then pumping the sludge phosphorus into a sludge phosphorus transfer pot;
(2) the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas after gas washing treatment and a matched combustion air device and an ignition device form a gas supply mechanism to heat the sludge phosphorus rotary pot, the heating temperature is 350+/-20 ℃, and the heating time of a single pot is determined according to the phosphorus content in the sludge phosphorus; yellow phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus is heated to become phosphorus vapor, and enters a composite phosphorus receiving tank through a phosphorus vapor pipeline, and the heated sludge phosphorus residue is collected to a sedimentation tank through a sealed drainage ditch arranged below a rotary pot at regular intervals; and the waste gas generated after the combustion of the tail gas of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace is converged into a waste gas main pipe.
2. Phosphorus vapor condensation recovery
(1) The phosphorus steam enters a composite phosphorus receiving tank, the outlet of a phosphorus steam pipeline is immersed into cooling water downwards, the phosphorus steam is cooled by the cooling water to form elemental phosphorus to be deposited at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, and meanwhile, the elemental phosphorus is always kept in a flowable form due to the fact that the temperature in a hollow interlayer of the composite phosphorus receiving tank maintains constant heat preservation;
(2) after the phosphorus steam is condensed and recovered by cooling water in the composite phosphorus receiving tank, the rest phosphorus-containing gas enters a first washing tower which is arranged above the composite phosphorus receiving tank and communicated with the composite phosphorus receiving tank from bottom to top, and part of rest yellow phosphorus falls into the composite phosphorus receiving tank to be gathered after the clear water led from the washing water storage tank is atomized and sprayed from top to bottom; the washed phosphorus-containing gas enters the upper part of the inside of the second washing tower from a communicating pipeline at the upper part of the first washing tower, continuously flows from top to bottom under the action of continuous air pressure, and simultaneously, clean water led from a washing water storage tank is continuously atomized and sprayed to carry out secondary washing;
(3) after the phosphorus-containing gas in the cooling water of the composite phosphorus-receiving tank is washed and condensed again by the cooling water from the second washing tower, continuing to flow from bottom to top along the tower body of the third washing tower, carrying out atomization spray washing on clear water in the washing water storage tank from top to bottom for the third time, and then converging the clear water into an exhaust gas main pipe from an exhaust pipe at the upper part of the third washing tower;
(4) the waste gas main pipe which collects the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas combustion waste gas and the phosphorus-containing gas tail gas subjected to repeated condensation washing is communicated to the lower part of the comprehensive washing tower, and is introduced into a tubular heat exchanger from the top of the comprehensive washing tower after spraying washing with clear water, and then a series of whitening treatments are carried out; the water generated by washing is led into a sedimentation tank, and enters a water treatment system after sedimentation.
3. Collecting elemental phosphorus and cooling water
(1) The phosphorus in the phosphorus steam is cooled, recovered and gathered at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, when a certain amount is collected, liquid yellow phosphorus deposited at the bottom is transferred to a temporary storage tank by means of gravity through a phosphorus guide pipe arranged on the side wall of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and cooling water directly led from a cooling water tank, and the liquid yellow phosphorus reaches a preset reserve and is sent to a yellow phosphorus refining system;
(2) after the cooling water received in the composite phosphorus receiving tank reaches a certain amount, the cooling water is led into the sedimentation tank through a water guide pipe arranged at the upper half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and is recycled after being treated.
4. Periodic cleaning of phosphorus vapor pipelines
Two branch pipes in the phosphorus steam pipeline are alternately switched on and off, a blocking valve of one branch pipe is opened, and phosphorus steam is normally conveyed to the composite phosphorus receiving tank in the pipeline; simultaneously, the blocking valve of the other branch pipe is closed, impurities and yellow phosphorus attached to the inner wall of the closed phosphorus steam pipeline are removed through high-temperature high-pressure steam through the steam inlet pipe, and the mixture is led out from the steam outlet pipe and is introduced into the comprehensive washing tower; and after the impurity removal is completed, closing the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe, and waiting for rotation.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) according to the invention, the matched system equipment is arranged at each key node in the sludge phosphorus recovery process, so that the safety and the efficiency of production are improved, and the production environment is also greatly improved.
(2) The invention provides a heating and heat-preserving structure for the parts which are easy to cause yellow phosphorus deposition and blockage in the conventional sludge phosphorus recovery equipment and the process, wherein a hollow double-layer structure is arranged on a three-stage washing tower and a composite phosphorus receiving tank, and the inside of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank is filled with stable high-temperature maintaining medium, so that the inner walls of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank are kept at a stable higher temperature, and the phenomenon that phosphorus vapor adheres to the outer walls of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank due to the cooling of the outer walls of the three-stage washing tower and the composite phosphorus receiving tank is finally caused to be blocked; in addition, the phosphorus steam pipeline is arranged to be in a form of two branch pipes, the two branch pipes are recycled, the heat insulation structure and the high-temperature high-pressure steam flushing mechanism are arranged on the branch pipes, and when the branch pipes are stopped to be used, impurity particles adhered to the inner wall of the phosphorus steam pipeline are removed, so that the impurity particles are prevented from adhering to form a low-temperature point and yellow phosphorus is prevented from being condensed to be solid at the low-temperature point, and the pipeline is prevented from being blocked by accumulation.
(3) The invention aims at the sludge phosphorus pot heating process, adopts the sealed combustion heating mechanism and is matched with the flue gas collecting and processing device, so that the leakage of flue gas is avoided, meanwhile, phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus can be escaped to the maximum extent, sludge phosphorus residues can be smoothly discharged, and the influence on the environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the sludge phosphorus recovery system described herein.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the equipment layout of the sludge phosphorus recovery system described herein.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the phosphorus vapor pipeline to the composite phosphorus tank.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the interior and connections of a composite phosphorous tank.
In the figure: the device comprises a phosphorus sludge rotary boiler (1), a tail gas combustion furnace (2), a phosphorus steam pipeline (3), a main pipe (301), a branch pipe (302), a blocking valve (303), a steam inlet pipe (304), a steam outlet pipe (305), a composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), a water guide pipe (401), a phosphorus guide pipe (402), a phosphorus sludge pipeline (5), a partition (6), a first washing tower (7), a second washing tower (8), a third washing tower (9), a comprehensive washing tower (10), a fan (11), a sedimentation tank (12) and a temporary storage tank (13).
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system in this embodiment includes two sludge phosphorus recovery units arranged in parallel, each sludge phosphorus recovery unit is provided with two sludge phosphorus rotary pans (1), a semi-closed tail gas combustion furnace (2), and a phosphorus steam conveying and recovery mechanism composed of a phosphorus steam pipeline (3), a composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) and a three-stage washing tower; and the two sludge phosphorus recovery units share one sludge phosphorus feeding mechanism, one gas supply mechanism, one phosphorus simple substance conveying and temporary storage mechanism and one yellow phosphorus refining mechanism.
The sludge phosphorus feeding mechanism comprises a sludge phosphorus pump and a sludge phosphorus pipeline (5), wherein the sludge phosphorus pipeline (5) is connected with the sludge phosphorus heating mechanism in each sludge phosphorus recovery unit in a detachable pipeline mode, and conveys the sludge phosphorus to the sludge phosphorus heating mechanism.
The gas supply mechanism is used for externally heating the phosphorus mud rotary pot (1) by combining the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas subjected to gas washing treatment with a matched combustion air device and an ignition device, and is connected to the waste gas treatment system.
The upper port of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) in the phosphorus steam conveying and recycling mechanism is flush with the outlet of the phosphorus sludge rotary pot (1), the phosphorus steam outlet of the phosphorus sludge rotary pot (1) is horizontally connected with the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) through a phosphorus steam pipeline (3), and the other end of the phosphorus steam pipeline (3) stretches into the interior of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) and is submerged below the condensed water level; the three-stage washing tower comprises a first washing tower (7) and a second washing tower (8) which are communicated at the top, and a third washing tower (9) which is arranged on the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) in parallel, wherein an outlet of the second washing tower (8) is immersed in cooling water, a partition (6) is arranged between lower end openings of the first washing tower (7) and the second washing tower (8), and the lower edge of the partition (6) is also immersed in the cooling water to prevent gas from directly flowing mutually at the lower end openings of the first washing tower and the second washing tower; in addition, an air outlet pipeline at the upper end of the third washing tower (9) is connected to the comprehensive washing tower (10) after being converged with an exhaust pipeline of the tail gas combustion furnace (2), and the comprehensive washing tower (10) is connected with a fan (11) to send the exhaust gas to a whitening system.
The composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) is respectively communicated with a water guide pipe (401) and a phosphorus guide pipe (402), the water guide pipe (401) is arranged at the upper half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), a stop valve is arranged on the water guide pipe, water after being introduced into the three-stage washing tower to cool phosphorus steam is guided out to a sedimentation tank (12) and finally is sent to a water treatment system, wherein the height of an overflow port of the water guide pipe (401) is higher than that of a lower port of a steam pipeline (6) in the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), and the lower port of a tower body, which is needed to be immersed below the water surface, of the three-stage washing tower, cooling water falls from a condensation recovery tower, the water level exceeds the overflow port and is guided away, the water guide is stopped when the water level is flush with the overflow port, the water level is prevented from being lower than the overflow port, and cooling water in the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) is ensured to be enabled to flow over the ports at any time; the phosphorus guide pipe (402) is arranged at the lower half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), a ball valve is arranged on the phosphorus guide pipe, liquid yellow phosphorus deposited at the bottom is transferred into the temporary storage tank (13) through gravity and cooling water directly led from the cooling water tank, and the liquid yellow phosphorus reaches a preset reserve and is sent to the yellow phosphorus refining system.
The main body part of the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4) and the tower body of the three-stage washing tower are of hollow double-layer structures, hot water at 70 ℃ is filled in the main body part of the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4) and the tower body of the three-stage washing tower, the temperature stability of the inner layer of the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4) and the temperature stability of the inner layer of the three-stage washing tower are maintained, the phenomenon that the inner layer temperature of the compound phosphorus receiving tank and the temperature stability of the inner layer of the three-stage washing tower are reduced due to heat dissipation are avoided, phosphorus vapor contained in flowing gas in the three-stage condensation tower is adhered to the tower wall to be solidified, and liquid yellow phosphorus accumulated in the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4) is changed into a solid form which cannot flow.
The main pipe (301) of the phosphorus steam pipeline (3) is connected with an air outlet pipe of the phosphorus sludge rotary pot (1), and then is divided into two branch pipes (302) with a U-shaped structure, a blocking valve (303) is respectively arranged at the starting end of each branch pipe (302) and the tail end before entering the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), a steam inlet pipe (304) and a steam outlet pipe (305) for flushing high-temperature high-pressure steam are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of a pipe body of the branch pipe (302) between the two blocking valves (303), and the blocking valves (303) on the two branch pipes (302) are uniformly connected with a control mechanism; meanwhile, a main pipe (301) and two branch pipes (302) of the phosphorus steam pipeline (3) are both arranged into a hollow double-layer structure, and the interlayer is filled with 200 ℃ superheated steam.
The sludge phosphorus recovery system operates according to the following steps:
(1) removing part of water from the sludge phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus pool, and then pumping the sludge phosphorus into a sludge phosphorus transfer pot (1);
(2) the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas after gas washing treatment and a matched combustion air device and an ignition device form a gas supply mechanism to heat the sludge phosphorus rotary pot (1), the heating temperature is 350+/-20 ℃, and the heating time of a single pot is determined according to the phosphorus content in the sludge phosphorus; yellow phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus is heated to become phosphorus vapor, and enters a composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) through a phosphorus vapor pipeline (3), and the heated sludge phosphorus residue periodically enters a sedimentation tank (12) through a sealing drainage ditch arranged below a rotary pot; and the waste gas generated after the combustion of the tail gas of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace is converged into a waste gas main pipe.
(3) The phosphorus steam enters the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), the outlet of the phosphorus steam pipeline (3) is downward submerged in cooling water, the phosphorus steam is condensed by the cooling water to form elemental phosphorus to be deposited at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), and meanwhile, the elemental phosphorus is kept in a flowable form due to the fact that the cooling water keeps a higher temperature;
(4) after the phosphorus steam is condensed and recovered by cooling water in the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4), the rest phosphorus-containing gas enters a first washing tower (7) which is arranged above the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4) and is communicated with the compound phosphorus receiving tank from bottom to top, and part of rest yellow phosphorus falls into the compound phosphorus receiving tank (4) to be gathered after the clear water led from the washing water storage tank is atomized and sprayed from top to bottom; the washed phosphorus-containing gas enters the upper part of the interior of the second washing tower (8) from a communicating pipeline at the upper part of the first washing tower (7), continuously flows from top to bottom under the action of continuous air pressure, and simultaneously, clean water led from a washing water storage tank is continuously atomized and sprayed for secondary washing;
(5) after the phosphorus-containing gas in the cooling water which is introduced into the composite phosphorus-receiving tank (4) from the second washing tower (8) is washed and condensed by the cooling water again, the phosphorus-containing gas continuously flows from bottom to top along the tower body of the third washing tower (9), is subjected to atomization spray washing of clear water in the washing water storage tank from top to bottom for the third time, and then is collected into the waste gas main pipe from the exhaust pipe at the upper part of the third washing tower (9);
(6) the waste gas main pipe which collects the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas combustion waste gas and the phosphorus-containing gas tail gas subjected to repeated condensation washing is communicated to the lower part of the comprehensive washing tower (10), and is introduced into a tubular heat exchanger from the top of the comprehensive washing tower (10) after spraying washing with clear water, and then a series of whitening treatments are carried out; the water produced by the washing is led into a sedimentation tank (12), and after sedimentation, enters a water treatment system.
(7) The phosphorus in the phosphorus steam is cooled, recovered and gathered at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), when a certain amount is collected, liquid yellow phosphorus deposited at the bottom is transferred to a temporary storage tank (13) by means of gravity and cooling water directly led from a cooling water tank through a phosphorus guide pipe (402) arranged on the side wall of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4), and the liquid yellow phosphorus reaches a preset reserve and is sent to a yellow phosphorus refining system;
(8) after the cooling water received in the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) reaches a certain amount, the cooling water is led into the sedimentation tank (12) through a water guide pipe (401) arranged at the upper half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) and is recycled after being treated.
(9) The method comprises the steps of regularly cleaning a phosphorus steam pipeline (3), wherein a main pipe (301) and two branch pipes (302) of the phosphorus steam pipeline (3) are of a hollow double-layer structure, and high-temperature hot water is filled in an interlayer; in addition, two branch pipes (302) in the phosphorus steam pipeline (3) are alternately switched, a blocking valve (303) of one branch pipe (302) is opened, and phosphorus steam is normally conveyed to the composite phosphorus receiving tank (4) in the pipeline; simultaneously, a blocking valve (303) of the other branch pipe (302) is closed, impurities and yellow phosphorus attached to the inner wall of the closed phosphorus steam pipeline (3) are removed through high-temperature and high-pressure steam by a steam inlet pipe (304), and the mixture is led out from a steam outlet pipe (305) and is introduced into the comprehensive washing tower (10); after the impurity removal is completed, the steam inlet pipe (304) and the steam outlet pipe (305) are closed, and the switching is performed according to the working conditions of the branch pipes which are working.
Claims (5)
1. The closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system is characterized by comprising 1-3 sludge phosphorus recovery units which are arranged in parallel, wherein each sludge phosphorus recovery unit comprises 1-3 sludge phosphorus heating mechanisms and a phosphorus steam conveying and recovery mechanism which are connected in parallel, and all the sludge phosphorus recovery units share one sludge phosphorus feeding mechanism, a gas supply mechanism, a phosphorus simple substance conveying and temporary storage mechanism and a yellow phosphorus refining mechanism;
the sludge phosphorus feeding mechanism comprises a sludge phosphorus pump and a sludge phosphorus pipeline, wherein the sludge phosphorus pipeline is connected with the sludge phosphorus heating mechanisms in each sludge phosphorus recovery unit in a detachable pipeline mode and conveys the sludge phosphorus to each sludge phosphorus heating mechanism;
the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas after gas washing treatment and the matched combustion air device and ignition device form a gas supply mechanism to externally heat a phosphorus rotary pot in the phosphorus heating mechanism;
the sludge phosphorus heating mechanism further comprises a semi-closed tail gas combustion furnace, and the tail gas combustion furnace is connected to the waste gas treatment system;
the phosphorus steam conveying and recycling mechanism comprises a phosphorus steam pipeline, a composite phosphorus receiving tank and a three-stage washing tower; the upper port of the composite phosphorus receiving tank is level with the outlet of the phosphorus sludge transfer pot, the phosphorus steam outlet of the phosphorus sludge transfer pot is horizontally connected with the composite phosphorus receiving tank through a steam pipeline, and the other end of the steam pipeline stretches into the composite phosphorus receiving tank and is submerged below the condensed water level; the three-stage washing tower comprises a first washing tower and a second washing tower, the tops of which are communicated, and a third washing tower which is arranged on the composite phosphorus receiving tank in parallel, wherein an outlet of the second washing tower is immersed in cooling water, a partition is arranged between openings at the lower ends of the first washing tower and the second washing tower, the lower edge of the partition is also immersed in the cooling water, and the blocking gas directly flows mutually at the openings at the lower ends of the first washing tower and the second washing tower; in addition, an air outlet pipeline at the upper end of the third washing tower is connected to the comprehensive washing tower after being converged with an exhaust pipeline of the tail gas combustion furnace, and the washing tower is connected with a fan to send the exhaust gas to a whitening system;
the composite phosphorus receiving groove is respectively communicated with a water guide pipe and a phosphorus guide pipe; the water guide pipe is arranged at the upper half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, a stop valve is arranged on the water guide pipe, water after the phosphorus steam is cooled in the three-stage washing tower is guided out to a sedimentation tank and finally sent to a water treatment system, in addition, the height of an overflow port of the water guide pipe is higher than that of a lower port of the phosphorus steam pipeline in the composite phosphorus receiving tank, and the lower port of a tower body, which is needed to be submerged below the water surface, in the three-stage washing tower, cooling water falls from the washing tower, the water level exceeds the overflow port and is guided away, the water guide is stopped when the water level is flush with the overflow port, and the cooling water in the composite phosphorus receiving tank can be kept to be enabled to overflow the lower ports of the phosphorus steam pipeline and the second washing tower at any time; the phosphorus guide pipe is arranged at the lower half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, a ball valve is arranged on the phosphorus guide pipe, liquid yellow phosphorus deposited at the bottom is transferred into the temporary storage tank through gravity and cooling water directly led from the cooling water tank, and the liquid yellow phosphorus reaches a preset reserve and is sent to the yellow phosphorus refining system;
the phosphorus steam conveying and recycling mechanism is provided with a special structure for preventing a phosphorus steam pipeline from being blocked by yellow phosphorus and impurity condensation, the special structure is arranged on the phosphorus steam pipeline, an air inlet end main pipe of the phosphorus steam pipeline is connected with an air outlet pipe of the phosphorus mud rotary pot and then is divided into two branch pipes with a U-shaped structure, blocking valves are respectively arranged at the starting end of each branch pipe and the tail end before entering the composite phosphorus receiving tank, a steam inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe for flushing high-temperature high-pressure steam are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of a branch pipe body between the two blocking valves, and the blocking valves on the two branch pipes are uniformly connected with the control mechanism; meanwhile, a main pipe and two branch pipes of the phosphorus steam pipeline are both of a hollow double-layer structure, and the interlayer is filled with a stable high-temperature maintenance medium;
the phosphorus steam conveying and recycling mechanism is provided with a special structure for preventing yellow phosphorus in the composite phosphorus receiving tank from condensing and accumulating, the special structure is respectively arranged on the main body part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and the tower body of the three-stage washing tower, the main body part and the tower body of the three-stage washing tower are both hollow double-layer structures, and the inside of the main body part and the tower body is filled with stable temperature maintaining medium to maintain the constant temperature of the inner layer of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and the inner layer of the three-stage washing tower.
2. A closed anti-clogging sludge phosphorus recovery system as in claim 1 wherein each sludge phosphorus recovery unit includes two sludge phosphorus heating mechanisms and a phosphorus vapor delivery and recovery mechanism.
3. The closed type anti-clogging sludge phosphorus recovery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature maintaining medium filled in the composite phosphorus receiving tank main body part and the hollow structure between the inner layer and the outer layer of the tower body of the three-stage washing tower is water with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ or an electric heating device which is in non-contact with the inner layer and the outer layer.
4. The closed type anti-clogging sludge phosphorus recovery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high temperature maintaining medium of the hollow structure between the inner layer and the outer layer of the phosphorus-filled steam pipe is superheated steam of 100-300 ℃, or an electric heating device which is in non-contact with the inner layer and the outer layer.
5. A closed anti-clogging sludge phosphorus recovery system as in claims 1-4 wherein the operation is performed as follows:
1. mud phosphorus heating
(1) Removing part of water from the sludge phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus pond, and then pumping the sludge phosphorus into a sludge phosphorus transfer pot;
(2) the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas after gas washing treatment and a matched combustion air device and an ignition device form a gas supply mechanism to heat the sludge phosphorus rotary pot, the heating temperature is 350+/-20 ℃, and the heating time of a single pot is determined according to the phosphorus content in the sludge phosphorus; yellow phosphorus in the sludge phosphorus is heated to become phosphorus vapor, and the phosphorus vapor enters the composite phosphorus receiving tank through a phosphorus vapor pipeline, and high-temperature maintaining medium is filled between the inner layer and the outer layer of the phosphorus vapor pipeline to prevent the phosphorus vapor from condensing on the pipe wall; periodically collecting the heated sludge phosphorus residues to a sedimentation tank through a sealing drainage ditch arranged below the rotary pot; the waste gas generated after the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas is combusted is gathered into a waste gas main pipe;
2. phosphorus vapor condensation recovery
(1) The phosphorus steam enters a composite phosphorus receiving tank, the outlet of a phosphorus steam pipeline is immersed into cooling water downwards, the phosphorus steam is cooled by the cooling water to form elemental phosphorus to be deposited at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, and meanwhile, the elemental phosphorus is always kept in a flowable form due to the fact that the temperature in a hollow interlayer of the composite phosphorus receiving tank maintains constant heat preservation;
(2) after the phosphorus steam is condensed and recovered by cooling water in the composite phosphorus receiving tank, the rest phosphorus-containing gas enters a first washing tower which is arranged above the composite phosphorus receiving tank and communicated with the composite phosphorus receiving tank from bottom to top, and part of rest yellow phosphorus falls into the composite phosphorus receiving tank to be gathered after the clear water led from the washing water storage tank is atomized and sprayed from top to bottom; the washed phosphorus-containing gas enters the upper part of the inside of the second washing tower from a communicating pipeline at the upper part of the first washing tower, continuously flows from top to bottom under the action of continuous air pressure, and simultaneously, clean water led from a washing water storage tank is continuously atomized and sprayed to carry out secondary washing;
(3) after the phosphorus-containing gas in the cooling water of the composite phosphorus-receiving tank is washed and condensed again by the cooling water from the second washing tower, continuing to flow from bottom to top along the tower body of the third washing tower, carrying out atomization spray washing on clear water in the washing water storage tank from top to bottom for the third time, and then converging the clear water into an exhaust gas main pipe from an exhaust pipe at the upper part of the third washing tower;
(4) the waste gas main pipe which collects the yellow phosphorus electric furnace tail gas combustion waste gas and the phosphorus-containing gas tail gas subjected to repeated condensation washing is communicated to the lower part of the comprehensive washing tower, and is introduced into a tubular heat exchanger from the top of the comprehensive washing tower after spraying washing with clear water, and then a series of whitening treatments are carried out; the water generated by washing is led into a sedimentation tank, and enters a water treatment system after sedimentation;
3. collecting elemental phosphorus and cooling water
(1) The phosphorus in the phosphorus steam is cooled, recovered and gathered at the bottom of the composite phosphorus receiving tank, when a certain amount is collected, liquid yellow phosphorus deposited at the bottom is transferred to a temporary storage tank by means of gravity through a phosphorus guide pipe arranged on the side wall of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and cooling water directly led from a cooling water tank, and the liquid yellow phosphorus reaches a preset reserve and is sent to a yellow phosphorus refining system;
(2) after the cooling water received in the composite phosphorus receiving tank reaches a certain amount, the cooling water is led into a sedimentation tank through a water guide pipe arranged at the upper half part of the composite phosphorus receiving tank and is recycled after being treated;
4. periodic cleaning of phosphorus vapor pipelines
Two branch pipes in the phosphorus steam pipeline are alternately switched on and off, a blocking valve of one branch pipe is opened, and phosphorus steam is normally conveyed to the composite phosphorus receiving tank in the pipeline; simultaneously, the blocking valve of the other branch pipe is closed, impurities and yellow phosphorus attached to the inner wall of the closed phosphorus steam pipeline are removed through high-temperature high-pressure steam through the steam inlet pipe, and the mixture is led out from the steam outlet pipe and is introduced into the comprehensive washing tower; and after the impurity removal is completed, closing the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe, and waiting for rotation.
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| CN202211401709.3A CN115818595B (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Closed anti-blocking sludge phosphorus recovery system |
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| CN112499605A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江凯明科工程开发有限公司 | Integrated device and method for yellow phosphorus rinsing system and mud phosphorus continuous recovery |
| CN216778373U (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-06-21 | 云南澄江华业磷化工有限责任公司 | Collection and centralized purification treatment system for various waste gases in phosphorus sludge recovery process |
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| CN103708432B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-11-18 | 成都易态科技有限公司 | The method of yellow phosphorus, equipment and special receipts phosphorus device is reclaimed from Electric Cooker phosphorus furnace gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112499605A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江凯明科工程开发有限公司 | Integrated device and method for yellow phosphorus rinsing system and mud phosphorus continuous recovery |
| CN216778373U (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-06-21 | 云南澄江华业磷化工有限责任公司 | Collection and centralized purification treatment system for various waste gases in phosphorus sludge recovery process |
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