CN115813426A - Head shadow measurement method for sagittal positioning of maxillary central incisor - Google Patents
Head shadow measurement method for sagittal positioning of maxillary central incisor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115813426A CN115813426A CN202211633690.5A CN202211633690A CN115813426A CN 115813426 A CN115813426 A CN 115813426A CN 202211633690 A CN202211633690 A CN 202211633690A CN 115813426 A CN115813426 A CN 115813426A
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- upper jaw
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring a head shadow for sagittal positioning of maxillary central incisors, which comprises the following steps: shooting an X-ray skull positioning lateral film; selecting a mark point, a reference plane and a reference plane on an X-ray skull positioning side sheet; and measuring the line distance of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw according to the selected mark point, the reference plane and the reference plane, and defining the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw. The application adopts the more stable anterior nasal spine point as a measurement reference point and the extracranial true horizontal plane as a reference plane, on the basis of enhancing the stability and measurement repeatability of the reference point and the reference plane, the reliability of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw is increased to the greatest extent, and the measurement convenience of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw is increased, so that the influence of other unstable reference points on the measurement of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw is eliminated, the length coordinate of the sagittal distance of the incisor in the upper jaw more accurately reflects the clinical condition of a patient, and the orthodontics and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the orthognathic surgery are more accurately guided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of orthodontic X-ray cephalogram measurement, in particular to a cephalogram measurement method for sagittal positioning of incisors in upper jaw.
Background
X-ray cephalogram measurement and analysis is an important means for clinical diagnosis and treatment design of orthodontic and orthognathic surgery, and mainly measures images obtained by X-ray cephalogram and draws certain line angles on mark points of dental jaw and craniofacial surfaces for measurement and analysis, thereby assisting diagnosis and correction design.
The prominence of incisors in the upper jaw has an important influence on the beauty of the face and the prominence of soft tissues, so the sagittal position of the incisors in the upper jaw is an important mark point for overlapping the design of a front scheme of orthodontic treatment and the contour after the treatment. The method for positioning the upper anterior teeth which is commonly used in the oral orthodontics clinic is represented by a Tweed analysis method and Andrews six elements, wherein the distance between the process of the upper anterior teeth and the perpendicular line from the common maxillary middle incisor to the upper alveolar seat point (the perpendicular line of the orbital-ear plane passing through the upper alveolar seat point) is represented. However, the inventor of the present application has found through clinical studies that, in the orthodontic treatment process, the upper socket point changes due to tooth movement and alveolar bone reconstruction, and thus, the reliability of the upper socket point as a reference point for evaluating the movement of incisors in the upper jaw is insufficient. In addition, when the jaw-face sagittal position relation is evaluated, the anterior skull base plane (SN plane) and the orbital-ear plane have large variability, but the true horizontal plane belongs to an extracranial reference plane, and the variability is very small under the natural head position state, so the stability is reliable.
The anterior nasal thorn point is the tip of the anterior nasal thorn, and the stability of the anterior nasal thorn point is proved by research. The anterior nasal spine point is far away from the alveolar bone of the upper jaw and is not influenced by reconstruction of the alveolar bone, and is close to the incisors in the upper jaw, so that the position relation between the anterior nasal spine point and the incisors in the upper jaw can be reflected more visually on the lateral position sheet of the skull. Therefore, if the anterior nasal spine point can be used as a reference point of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw, the method has important research significance and clinical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for measuring the sagittal position of an upper jaw middle incisor by using a more stable anterior nasal spine point as a measurement reference point and an extracranial true horizontal plane as a reference plane, thereby eliminating the influence of other unstable reference points on the measurement of the sagittal position of the upper jaw middle incisor, enabling the length coordinate of the sagittal distance of the upper jaw middle incisor to more accurately reflect the clinical condition of a patient, and more accurately guiding the orthodontics and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the orthognathic surgery.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a head shadow measurement method for sagittal positioning of maxillary central incisors comprises the following steps:
s1, shooting an X-ray skull positioning lateral slice;
s2, selecting a mark point, a reference plane and a reference plane on an X-ray skull positioning side position sheet;
and S3, measuring the line distance of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw according to the selected mark point, the reference plane and the reference plane, and defining the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw.
Further, the position requirements of the X-ray skull positioning side film shot in the step S1 include that the position of the skull is in the crossing and dislocation of the dental cusps in the mouth of the patient and the position of the skull is in the natural position of the head.
Further, the marker point in step S2 includes: maxillary central incisor points, anterior nasal spine points, and orbital points.
Further, the reference plane in step S2 is a true horizontal plane.
Further, the reference plane in the step S2 is a parallel plane of a true horizontal plane passing through the anterior nasal spine point.
Further, the line distance measurement of the maxillary central incisor sagittal position is performed according to the selected mark point, the selected reference plane and the selected reference plane in the step S3, and the definition of the maxillary central incisor sagittal position specifically includes: measuring the distance from the drop foot of the upper jaw middle incisor point to the anterior nasal spine point by taking the upper jaw middle incisor point as a vertical line of a reference plane, defining that the drop foot of the upper jaw middle incisor point is in the positive direction when being positioned on the nasal side of the anterior nasal spine point, and recording as +; the point of the maxillary central incisor is in the negative direction when the drop foot is on the ear side of the anterior nasal spine, and is noted as-.
Compared with the prior art, the method for measuring the head shadow of the sagittal location of the maxillary central incisor has the advantages that the maxillary central incisor point is vertically projected to the reference plane parallel to the true horizontal plane, and the definition of the sagittal location of the maxillary central incisor point and the location change before and after treatment can be measured and compared on the more stable reference plane; by introducing the anterior nasal spine point which is stable in position and can represent the convexity of the maxilla as a reference point, the sagittal position of the maxillary central incisors can be quantitatively evaluated, and the convexity and the process distance of the maxillary central incisors relative to the maxilla can be reflected by comparing the sagittal position of the maxillary central incisors with the position of the maxillary bone, so that the objectivity and comparability of data are increased. In addition, the position of the patient is adjusted by shooting the lateral skull positioning sheet, namely the head of the patient is positioned and fixed with the earplug through the nose rod, the sight line is positioned on the wall which is in the same horizontal line with the eyes, and the natural head position is easily obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring a head shadow for sagittal positioning of incisors in a maxilla according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position requirement of the natural head position during X-ray head radiography measurement.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the measurement marker selection provided by the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the selection of the reference plane and the reference plane provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the line distance measurement of sagittal positions of maxillary central incisors provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the specific drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for measuring a head shadow of a sagittal location of a maxillary central incisor, comprising the following steps:
s1, shooting an X-ray skull positioning lateral slice;
s2, selecting a mark point, a reference plane and a reference plane on an X-ray skull positioning side position sheet;
and S3, measuring the line distance of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw according to the selected mark point, the reference plane and the reference plane, and defining the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw.
As a specific embodiment, the position requirements for shooting the X-ray skull positioning side slice in step S1 include that the position of the skull is in the apical crossing position (ICP) and the position of the skull is in the Natural Head Position (NHP). Referring to fig. 2, the subject is in a natural head position. When the camera shadow positioning side film is shot, the height of the machine is adjusted according to the height of a patient, so that the external auditory meatus is level with the earplugs, and the earplugs on two sides are placed in the external auditory meatus. The crossing and dislocation of the dental cusps in the mouth of a patient means that the upper and lower jaws are crossed at the dental cusps to achieve the most extensive and closest contact between the upper and lower jaws. The head position is in a natural head position, two legs of a photographed person are naturally separated and upright (or naturally loose and sit on the stool), a metal vertical line is hung in the center of the front of the nose of the photographed person, an upright mirror is placed at the position 150-170 cm in front of the nose of the photographed person at ordinary times, two eyes look straight ahead, the head position is adjusted according to images in the mirror, the head is fixed by a nose rod and an earplug to obtain the natural head position, and the skull positioning side piece shooting is carried out at the position.
As a specific embodiment, the flag points in step S2 include: the maxillary central incisor (U1), the anterior nasal acanthal spine (ANS), and the orbital point (Or). Referring to fig. 3, the measurement mark points are defined as: a maxillary central incisor point (U1), a maxillary central incisor margin point; anterior nasal spine point (ANS), the tip of anterior nasal spine; the orbital point (Or), the lowest point of the infraorbital margin, usually overlap the orbital shadows on the left and right sides of the X-ray film, usually should be chosen as the midpoint.
As a specific embodiment, the reference plane in step S2 is a true horizontal plane. Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the true horizontal plane (TH) is selected as the reference plane on the lateral skull positioning sheet; the definition of true horizontal plane is that when it is used for natural head position, it is formed by making horizontal line perpendicular to true vertical line through orbital point (Or), i.e. the image of metal perpendicular line placed out of plane when shooting natural head position on X-ray film.
As a specific example, please refer to fig. 4, the reference plane in step S2 is a parallel plane passing through the truth level (TH) of the anterior nasal spine point (ANS), i.e. a parallel plane passing through the anterior nasal spine point (ANS) as the truth level (TH) on the lateral skull positioning sheet is taken as the reference plane.
As a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the step S3 of measuring a line distance of a sagittal position of the maxillary central incisor according to the selected mark point, the reference plane, and defining the sagittal position of the maxillary central incisor specifically includes: taking a maxillary central incisor point (U1) as a vertical line of a reference plane, and marking a U1 drop foot; measuring the distance from the drop foot of the middle incisor point of the upper jaw to the anterior nasal spine point (ANS), and defining that the drop foot of the middle incisor point of the upper jaw is in the positive direction when being positioned on the nasal side of the anterior nasal spine point (ANS) and is recorded as +; the point of maxillary central incisor drop is the negative direction on the Anterior Nasal Spine (ANS) ear side and is noted.
Compared with the prior art, the method for measuring the head shadow of the maxillary central incisor sagittal positioning has the advantages that the maxillary central incisor points are vertically projected to the reference plane parallel to the true horizontal plane, and the definition of the maxillary central incisor point sagittal position and the position change before and after treatment can be measured and compared on the more stable reference plane; by introducing the anterior nasal spine point which is stable in position and can represent the convexity of the maxilla as a reference point, the sagittal position of the maxillary central incisors can be quantitatively evaluated, and the convexity and the process distance of the maxillary central incisors relative to the maxilla can be reflected by comparing the sagittal position of the maxillary central incisors with the position of the maxillary bone, so that the objectivity and comparability of data are increased. In addition, the position of the patient is adjusted by shooting the skull positioning side plate, namely the head of the patient is positioned and fixed with the earplug through the nose bar, the sight line is positioned on the wall which is in the same horizontal line with eyes, and the natural head position is obtained easily.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for measuring the head shadow of the sagittal location of the incisor in the upper jaw is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, shooting an X-ray skull positioning lateral slice;
s2, selecting a mark point, a reference plane and a reference plane on an X-ray skull positioning side position sheet;
and S3, measuring the line distance of the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw according to the selected mark point, the reference plane and the reference plane, and defining the sagittal position of the incisor in the upper jaw.
2. The method for cephalometric measurement of the sagittal location of the maxillary central incisor according to claim 1, wherein the posture requirements for taking the X-ray lateral cranial location slice in step S1 include the cusp dislocation in the mouth of the patient and the cranial position in the natural cranial position.
3. The method for measuring the head shadow of the sagittal positioning of the maxillary central incisor according to claim 1, wherein the marking points in the step S2 comprise: maxillary central incisor points, anterior nasal spine points, and orbital points.
4. The method for measuring the cephalometric image of the sagittal positioning of maxillary central incisors according to claim 3, wherein the reference plane in the step S2 is a true horizontal plane.
5. The method for cephalometric measurement of sagittal positioning of maxillary central incisors according to claim 4, wherein the reference plane in step S2 is a parallel plane to the true horizontal plane passing through the anterior nasal spine point.
6. The method for measuring the head shadow of the maxillary central incisor in the sagittal positioning according to the claim 3, wherein the step S3 is to measure the line distance of the maxillary central incisor in the sagittal position according to the selected mark point, the reference plane and the reference plane, and the step of defining the maxillary central incisor in the sagittal position specifically comprises the steps of: measuring the distance from the drop foot of the upper jaw middle incisor point to the anterior nasal spine point by taking the upper jaw middle incisor point as a vertical line of a reference plane, defining that the drop foot of the upper jaw middle incisor point is in the positive direction when being positioned on the nasal side of the anterior nasal spine point, and recording as +; the point of the maxillary central incisor is in the negative direction when the drop foot is on the ear side of the anterior nasal spine, and is noted as-.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117649442A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-05 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Method for constructing three-dimensional head shadow measurement coordinate system by utilizing anatomical landmarks of balance organ |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117649442A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-05 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Method for constructing three-dimensional head shadow measurement coordinate system by utilizing anatomical landmarks of balance organ |
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