CN115811515A - File access method and system based on fragments under edge cloud environment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fragment-based file access method and a fragment-based file access system in an edge cloud environment, wherein the fragment-based file access method comprises the following steps: constructing a fragment cache system comprising a client, an edge node, a scheduling center and a source station; the edge node constructs a local resource list based on the local fragment file, and the scheduling center constructs a node resource list according to the local resource list and the node information; the client sends a file downloading request to the dispatching center, and the dispatching center judges whether to provide service according to the heat degree and confirms the edge node of the service; the client sends a file downloading request to an edge node, the edge node searches the request according to a local resource list, if the request exists, a fragment file corresponding to the request is sent to the client, and if the request does not exist, a source returning request is sent to a scheduling center; and the dispatching center confirms the back source point and returns the edge node, and the edge node forwards the corresponding fragment file in the back source point to the client, and synchronously updates the local resource list and the node resource list. The invention greatly reduces the bandwidth of the feedback source and saves the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of information processing, and particularly relates to a fragment-based file access method and system in an edge cloud environment.
Background
In recent years, the edge computing industry has been rapidly developed, and a Content Delivery Network (CDN) is one of applications suitable for an edge scene. The content distribution node is lowered to the edge server, so that the transmission delay of the content can be greatly reduced. However, the instability of the edge environment, the management of a large number of edge nodes, content synchronization and the like become challenges of the CDN edge server, and meanwhile, the probability of the file error is greatly improved compared with the conventional CDN node. In an edge CDN system, only a part of some large files is frequently accessed, and if the entire file is deployed on a node, the part of the file that is frequently accessed occupies a large amount of storage space. Especially in video-on-demand scenarios, only the beginning of a large video may be played frequently. The file fragmentation storage can solve the problem, improve the storage efficiency of the edge node, and is more suitable for the edge node environment with more tense storage space.
However, for providing external services, the CDN edge node needs to pull the target file from the source station to the local. If the files are completely downloaded and then the service is provided, a central scheduling system is required to issue a deployment task, the flexibility is not enough, and the large files can increase the bandwidth of the source back, so that the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a fragment-based file access method and a fragment-based file access system in an edge cloud environment, which are matched with fragment storage in real time and are more suitable for certain scenes (such as video on demand) compared with the traditional deployment mode. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fragment-based file access method in an edge cloud environment comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a fragment cache system comprising a client, an edge node, a scheduling center and a source station, wherein a user demand file is stored in the source station, and a plurality of fragments corresponding to the user demand file are stored in the edge node;
s2, all edge nodes construct respective local resource lists based on the locally stored fragment files, and the scheduling center constructs a node resource list according to the local resource lists and the node information of all the edge nodes;
s3, when the client sends a file downloading request to the dispatching center, the dispatching center judges whether to provide downloading service according to the heat degree, and confirms to return to the edge node providing the downloading service according to the node resource list;
s4, the client sends a file downloading request to the edge node confirmed in the step S3, the edge node searches the request according to the local resource list, if the request exists, the fragment file corresponding to the request is sent to the client, and if the request does not exist, a source returning request is sent to the dispatching center;
and S5, the dispatching center confirms the back source point according to the back source request and the node resource list and returns the back source point to the edge node, the edge node stores and forwards the corresponding fragment file in the back source point to the client, and the local resource list and the node resource list are synchronously updated.
In step S2, the local resource list includes a file ID, a file storage address, and a file fragmentation list.
In step S2, the node resource list includes a node ID, a region and an operator to which the node belongs, a node bandwidth utilization rate, a node disk utilization rate, a node CPU utilization rate, and an owned file ID list.
The step S4 includes the steps of:
s4.1, the client sends a file downloading request to the edge node confirmed in the step S3, and the edge node performs fragment positioning on the file required by the request;
and S4.2, the edge nodes perform traversal query on the fragmented files in the local resource list, if the fragmented files exist, the fragmented files are sent to the client one by one, and if the fragmented files do not exist, the edge nodes create a source returning task to send a source returning request to the dispatching center.
The step S5 includes the steps of:
s5.1, after receiving the source returning request of the edge node, the scheduling center confirms whether other edge nodes store files corresponding to the downloading request according to the node resource list, if yes, the edge node and the source station are used as source returning points to be returned to the edge node, and if not, the source station is directly used as the source returning points to be returned to the edge node;
s5.2, the edge node sends a file back-to-source requirement to the back-to-source point, the back-to-source point executes the file back-to-source requirement, and sends the corresponding fragment file to the edge node;
s5.3, after receiving the fragment file, the edge node locally stores the fragment file and forwards the fragment file to the client;
and S5.4, the edge node updates the local resource list and reports the local resource list to the dispatching center in an incremental mode so as to update the node resource list.
In step S5.2, when the file back-to-source requirement is executed between the edge nodes, a second back-to-source identifier for determining the target edge node is added to the file back-to-source requirement.
A fragment-based file access system in an edge cloud environment comprises a client used for generating a file downloading request and a source station used for storing a file required by a user, and is characterized by further comprising an edge node used for receiving the file downloading request, sending and storing a fragment file, and a dispatching center used for recording node information and confirming a request processing node according to the node information.
The edge node comprises the following modules:
a request receiving module: the system comprises a client, a server and a server, wherein the client is used for receiving a file downloading request sent by the client;
a fragment file storage module: the fragment file is used for locally storing the user requirement file;
an information recording module: the local resource list is generated and updated according to the fragment files stored by the fragment file storage module;
a file transmission module: the device comprises a request receiving module, a local resource list judging module, a source task generating module and a source task generating module, wherein the request receiving module is used for judging whether a local storage exists in a request or not according to the local resource list of the information recording module after receiving the file downloading request, if so, sending a corresponding file to a client, and if not, starting the source task generating module;
a source return task generation module: the system is used for generating a back source task and sending the back source task to a dispatching center;
a source return request execution module: the system comprises a scheduling center, a source station and a client, wherein the scheduling center is used for receiving a source returning request sent by the scheduling center, sending a file request to a corresponding edge node or source station according to the source returning request, receiving a file from the edge node or source station and transmitting the file to the client;
the dispatching center comprises the following components:
a node confirmation module: the edge node is used for receiving a file downloading request sent by a client and confirming and processing the request according to the heat and the file downloading request;
a node information recording module: the system comprises a node resource list, a node resource list and a node management server, wherein the node resource list is used for receiving state information of all edge nodes in real time and generating and updating the node resource list according to the state information;
the node resource list comprises a node ID, a node belonging area and an operator, a node bandwidth utilization rate, a node disk utilization rate, a node CPU utilization rate and an owned file ID list;
and a source return point confirmation module: and the source returning request execution module is used for receiving the source returning task generated by the source returning task generation module, confirming a source returning point for serving the file downloading request according to the source returning task and the node resource list of the node information recording module, and sending the confirmed source returning point to the edge node for receiving the file downloading request.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the files requested by the user are shared and transmitted in a fragment form, the influence of the error files can be limited within a certain fragment range or a plurality of fragment ranges, and the robustness of the system in the marginal environment is improved. The file sharing mechanism (hereinafter referred to as internal source returning) between the edge nodes and the real-time source returning mode of the source station are combined for service, so that the storage utilization rate can be improved, the source returning bandwidth is saved, the pressure of a node scheduling system is reduced, the service reliability is improved, an internal source returning network similar to a P2P network can be formed between the edge nodes, the source returning bandwidth and the source returning request are reduced, and the pressure of the scheduling system is relieved.
Under the unstable environment of the edge node, the service is provided in a real-time source returning mode, and the service is complementary to a traditional pushing/deploying mode, so that the service reliability is improved, the bandwidth cost is saved, the utilization efficiency of resources is improved, and the data transmission efficiency is improved. If the edge node does not locally request the required file fragment, the internal source returning mechanism preferentially requests files from other edge nodes and then requests from the source station, so that the source returning bandwidth can be greatly reduced, the cost is saved, and the scheme saves the source returning bandwidth by more than 50 percent through testing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a file downloading request from a client.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the processing of the request for downloading the file by the edge node.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dispatch center.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the dispatch center return edge node.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: a fragment-based file access method in an edge cloud environment is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 1, and includes the following steps:
s1, constructing a fragment cache system comprising a client, an edge node, a scheduling center and a source station, wherein a user demand file is stored in the source station, and a plurality of fragment files corresponding to the user demand file are stored in the edge node;
the edge node stores part of the fragment files of the user requirement files, so that the client side can conveniently access the file. The edge node mainly has the functions of providing file downloading service for the client, providing internal source returning service for other edge nodes, reporting own node information and local file information to the dispatching center at high frequency (second level), and synchronously updating and storing the information by the dispatching center to ensure that the best node is returned. The primary responsibilities of the dispatch center are the nodes that provide download services to clients, and the nodes that provide internal back-sources to edge nodes. The source station is the original source of the user demand file, and is usually a conventional CDN, and its role is to provide a file download service, in this application, a back source service may be provided to the edge node. The main process of the fragment cache system is as follows: the client sends a file downloading request to the dispatching center, in order to ensure controllable cost, the dispatching center determines whether to provide service according to the file request heat of different regions and operators in the country, and returns to the edge node providing service, the edge node judges whether the corresponding fragment file is stored locally according to the content of the file request and local resources, if so, the file is directly transmitted to the client, otherwise, a source returning task is executed.
S2, all edge nodes construct respective local resource lists based on the stored fragment files, and the scheduling center constructs a node resource list according to the local resource lists and the node information of all edge nodes, and the method comprises the following steps:
s2.1, the edge nodes traverse the locally stored fragment files, a local resource list of each edge node is constructed, and respective node information and the local resource list are sent to a dispatching center;
the local resource list includes: the file ID, the file storage address, the file MD5 and the file fragment table can also comprise the file volume, the file version, the latest access time, the file expiration time and the like, and if the resources on the edge node are fragments, the file ID, the file storage address, the file MD5 and the file fragment table also comprise the fragment volume, the fragment sequence number and the fragment MD5. The fragment list can be used to know which fragments the edge node locally contains, including the file ID and the fragment sequence number.
S2.2, the scheduling center constructs a node resource list according to the received information;
the node resource list comprises a node ID, a node belonging area and operator, bandwidth utilization rate, disk utilization rate, CPU utilization rate and an owned file ID list.
Because the CDN has higher requirements for download speed, stability, and latency than BT download, a centralized scheduling center is used to maintain the distribution situation and node information of the fragmented files, and nodes that provide services to the client are screened according to the information. Files are stored in a plurality of edge nodes in a fragmentation mode according to a certain size in a scattered mode, a real-time source returning technology is introduced to the edge nodes to serve the fragment files which do not exist locally, the pressure of a dispatching center can be relieved, more nodes which can be served can be provided, meanwhile, file sharing among the nodes is assisted, and the source returning cost is greatly reduced.
S3, when the client sends a file downloading request to the dispatching center, the dispatching center judges whether to provide downloading service according to the file request heat degree, and confirms to return to the edge node providing the downloading service according to the node resource list;
the file request heat is the request quantity of files in a certain area and an operator range within a certain time, the scheduling center counts the heat once when receiving the file request once, and when the heat reaches a preset threshold value, the scheduling center can return a node to the corresponding request or trigger a file deployment task. This heat is prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The setting of the hot threshold can increase the amplification ratio, which is the ratio of the service bandwidth to the back-source bandwidth.
The file downloading request comprises a request URL and a file version, after the scheduling center receives the request, the region and the operator where the client is located are determined according to the request client IP, the file ID in the edge CDN system is obtained through calculation according to the request URL and the file version, and then the node where the file is located and the node where the file is located under the operator can be determined. And then, according to the real-time CPU reported by the nodes and the bandwidth utilization rate sequence, determining high-quality nodes capable of providing services, returning the nodes to the client in modes of 302 jump and the like, and requesting the nodes to download files by the client.
S4, as shown in FIG. 2, the client sends a file downloading request to the edge node confirmed in the step S3, the edge node searches the request according to the local resource list, if the request exists, the fragment file corresponding to the request is sent to the client, otherwise, the fragment file is sent back to the scheduling center, and the method comprises the following steps:
s4.1, the client sends a file downloading request to the edge node confirmed in the step S3, and the edge node performs fragment positioning on the file required by the request;
after receiving a downloading request, calculating md5 according to the URL and the version of the client request to obtain a file ID, and searching the state (whether service can be provided) of the file, the storage position and the volume of a single fragment subordinate to the file; if the file can be served, acquiring a content Range carried by the downloading request (indicating the content Range of the requested file and carried by HTTP Range Header), dividing the starting point of the Range by the fragment volume of the file respectively to obtain a fragment sequence number list required by the request, and positioning the fragment required by the client through the fragment sequence number. The fragmented file is the prior art, and the embodiment is not described in detail.
And S4.2, the edge nodes perform traversal query on the fragmented files in the local resource list, if the fragmented files exist, the fragmented files are sent to the client one by one, and if the fragmented files do not exist, the edge nodes create a source returning task and send the source returning task to the dispatching center.
Specifically, the edge node calculates a file ID according to the request, then fragments the file required by the request to obtain a fragment serial number, inquires whether the file exists locally in a local resource list according to the file ID, and if so, determines the storage position of the fragment in the disk according to the storage position and the fragment serial number of the file. In the disk, each file has a directory, and all the fragment files named by the fragment sequence number are stored in the directory. And obtaining the fragment sequence number, and combining the previous file storage address to obtain the storage position of the fragment. If the fragment exists in the disk, the content of the required fragment file is read from the disk and written into the response body of the request.
S5, as shown in FIG. 4, the dispatching center confirms the back source point according to the back source task and the node resource list and returns the back source point to the edge node, the edge node stores and forwards the corresponding fragment file in the back source point to the client, and synchronously updates the local resource list and the node resource list, and the method comprises the following steps:
s5.1, after receiving the source returning task of the edge node, the scheduling center confirms whether other edge nodes store the file or not according to the node resource list, if so, the edge node and the source station are used as the source returning point to be returned to the edge node, otherwise, the source station is directly used as the source returning point to be returned to the edge node;
the source returning task is help seeking information sent to a dispatching center when the edge node does not locally store a file requested by a client, and the help seeking information comprises a node ID, a file ID and a first source returning identifier.
S5.2, the edge node sends a file source returning request to the source returning point, the source returning point executes the file source returning request, and sends the corresponding fragment file to the edge node;
when the file sharing is performed between the edge nodes and the source station, the file sharing is called internal source returning, the bandwidth of the source returning can be reduced, and when the file sharing is performed between the edge nodes and the source station, the file sharing is called real-time source returning of the source station. When an edge node receives the edge node and the source station together as a point of origin, it may prefer to help the edge node. In addition, in order to avoid forming an internal source returning circulation, when source returning is carried out between edge nodes, a second source returning identification is added for judging the opposite node, namely when a target node receives a point source returning requirement, if a local area does not have a required file or fragment, the situation is directly returned to be absent, and then the edge nodes directly send real-time source returning requests to the source station without searching a dispatching center. In contrast, if the request from the source back received by the node does not carry the second request from the source back identifier, the node is regarded as a normal client-side downloading request, and at this time, if the node does not have the required file or fragment, the internal request from the source back task is triggered.
S5.3, after receiving the fragment file, the edge node locally stores the fragment file and forwards the fragment file to the client;
s5.4, the edge node updates the local resource list and reports the local resource list to the dispatching center in an incremental mode so as to update the node resource list;
the method and the system use the thought of the traditional P2P technology for reference, the improvement is made aiming at the edge scene and the content distribution function, a peer-to-peer network is formed among edge nodes and used for internal source returning, and technical means such as file fragment storage, the P2P technology and real-time source returning are integrated.
Example 2: a fragment-based file storage system in an edge cloud environment comprises a client for generating a file downloading request, edge nodes for receiving the file downloading request, sending and storing fragment files, a scheduling center for recording node information and confirming request processing nodes according to the node information, and a source station for storing user required files, wherein the number of the edge nodes is multiple, all the edge nodes are connected with one another and are connected with the client, the scheduling center and the source station; the dispatching center is connected with the client.
The edge nodes include the following:
a request receiving module: the system comprises a client, a server and a server, wherein the client is used for receiving a file downloading request sent by the client;
a fragment file storage module: the fragment file is used for locally storing the user requirement file;
an information recording module: the system comprises a fragmentation file storage module, a local resource list and a file management module, wherein the fragmentation file storage module is used for storing fragmentation files of a file management module;
a file transmission module: the client is used for judging whether the request has local storage according to the local resource list of the information recording module after the request receiving module receives the file downloading request, if so, sending the corresponding file to the client, and if not, starting the source returning task generating module;
a source return task generation module: the system is used for generating a back source task and sending the back source task to a scheduling center;
a source return request execution module: the system comprises a scheduling center, a source station and a client, and is used for receiving a source returning request sent by the scheduling center, sending a file request to a corresponding edge node or source station according to the source returning request, receiving a file from the edge node or source station and transmitting the file to the client.
As shown in fig. 3, the dispatch center includes the following:
a node confirmation module: the edge node is used for receiving a file downloading request sent by a client and confirming and processing the request according to the heat and the file downloading request;
a node information recording module: the system comprises a node resource list, a node resource list and a node management server, wherein the node resource list is used for receiving state information of all edge nodes in real time and generating and updating the node resource list according to the state information;
the node resource list comprises a node ID, a node belonging area and an operator, a node bandwidth utilization rate, a node disk utilization rate, a node CPU utilization rate and an owned file ID list;
and a back source point confirmation module: and the source returning request executing module is used for receiving the source returning task generated by the source returning task generating module, confirming a source returning point for the source returning service file downloading request according to the source returning task and the node resource list of the node information recording module, and sending the confirmed source returning point to the edge node for receiving the file downloading request.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A fragment-based file access method in an edge cloud environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing a fragment cache system comprising a client, an edge node, a scheduling center and a source station, wherein a user demand file is stored in the source station, and a plurality of fragments corresponding to the user demand file are stored in the edge node;
s2, all edge nodes construct respective local resource lists based on the locally stored fragment files, and the scheduling center constructs a node resource list according to the local resource lists and the node information of all the edge nodes;
s3, when the client sends a file downloading request to the dispatching center, the dispatching center judges whether to provide downloading service according to the heat degree, and confirms to return to the edge node providing the downloading service according to the node resource list;
s4, the client sends a file downloading request to the edge node confirmed in the step S3, the edge node searches the request according to the local resource list, if the request exists, the fragment file corresponding to the request is sent to the client, and if the request does not exist, a source returning request is sent to the dispatching center;
and S5, the dispatching center confirms the back source point according to the back source request and the node resource list and returns the back source point to the edge node, the edge node stores and forwards the corresponding fragment file in the back source point to the client, and the local resource list and the node resource list are synchronously updated.
2. The method for file access based on fragmentation in an edge cloud environment according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the local resource list includes a file ID, a file storage address, and a file fragmentation list.
3. The method for fragment-based file access in an edge cloud environment of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the node resource list includes a node ID, a region and an operator to which the node belongs, a node bandwidth usage rate, a node disk usage rate, a node CPU usage rate, and an owned file ID list.
4. The method for accessing a file based on a slice in an edge cloud environment according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s4.1, the client sends a file downloading request to the edge node confirmed in the step S3, and the edge node fragments the file required by the request according to preset fragmentation information;
and S4.2, the edge nodes perform traversal query on the fragmented files in the local resource list, if the fragmented files exist, the fragmented files are sent to the client one by one, and if the fragmented files do not exist, the edge nodes create a source returning task to send a source returning request to the dispatching center.
5. The method for accessing a file based on a slice in an edge cloud environment according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 comprises the following steps:
s5.1, after receiving a source returning request of an edge node, the scheduling center confirms whether other edge nodes store files corresponding to the downloading request according to the node resource list, if so, the edge node and the source station are used as source returning points to be returned to the edge node, otherwise, the source station is directly used as the source returning points to be returned to the edge node;
s5.2, the edge node sends a file source returning requirement to the source returning point, the source returning point executes the file source returning requirement, and sends the corresponding fragment file to the edge node;
s5.3, after receiving the fragment file, the edge node locally stores the fragment file and forwards the fragment file to the client;
and S5.4, the edge node updates the local resource list and reports the local resource list to the dispatching center in an incremental mode so as to update the node resource list.
6. The method for accessing a file based on a partition in an edge cloud environment according to claim 5, wherein in step S5.2, when a file back-to-source requirement is executed between edge nodes, a second back-to-source identifier for target edge node determination is added to the file back-to-source requirement.
7. A fragment-based file access system in an edge cloud environment comprises a client used for generating a file downloading request and a source station used for storing a file required by a user, and is characterized by further comprising an edge node used for receiving the file downloading request, sending and storing a fragment file, and a dispatching center used for recording node information and confirming a request processing node according to the node information.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the edge node comprises:
a request receiving module: the file downloading system is used for receiving a file downloading request sent by a client;
a fragment file storage module: the fragment file is used for locally storing the user requirement file;
an information recording module: the local resource list is generated and updated according to the fragment files stored by the fragment file storage module;
a file transmission module: the device comprises a request receiving module, a local resource list judging module, a source task generating module and a source task generating module, wherein the request receiving module is used for judging whether a local storage exists in a request or not according to the local resource list of the information recording module after receiving the file downloading request, if so, sending a corresponding file to a client, and if not, starting the source task generating module;
a source returning task generating module: the system is used for generating a back source task and sending the back source task to a scheduling center;
a source return request execution module: the system comprises a scheduling center, a source station and a client, wherein the scheduling center is used for receiving a source returning request sent by the scheduling center, sending a file request to a corresponding edge node or source station according to the source returning request, receiving a file from the edge node or source station and transmitting the file to the client;
the dispatch center includes:
a node confirmation module: the edge node is used for receiving a file downloading request sent by a client and confirming and processing the request according to the heat and the file downloading request;
a node information recording module: the node resource list is used for receiving the state information of all edge nodes in real time, and generating and updating the node resource list according to the state information;
the node resource list comprises a node ID, a node belonging area and an operator, a node bandwidth utilization rate, a node disk utilization rate, a node CPU utilization rate and an owned file ID list;
and a source return point confirmation module: and the source returning request executing module is used for receiving the source returning task generated by the source returning task generating module, confirming a source returning point for the source returning service file downloading request according to the source returning task and the node resource list of the node information recording module, and sending the confirmed source returning point to the edge node for receiving the file downloading request.
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| CN117041260B (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-01-02 | 湖南快乐阳光互动娱乐传媒有限公司 | Control processing method and system |
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