CN115806440B - Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of steel fiber ceramic composite material - Google Patents
Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of steel fiber ceramic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115806440B CN115806440B CN202211397118.3A CN202211397118A CN115806440B CN 115806440 B CN115806440 B CN 115806440B CN 202211397118 A CN202211397118 A CN 202211397118A CN 115806440 B CN115806440 B CN 115806440B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000463 Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001992 poloxamer 407 Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of steel fiber ceramic composite materials, in particular to an embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of a steel fiber ceramic composite material, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing ceramic matrix suspension and steel fiber ink; s2, performing embedded direct-write 3D printing; and S3, drying, degreasing and sintering the printed part. The method has the advantages of low cost, high speed, simple processing, no need of clean room environment, high precision and good practicability of the prepared steel fiber ceramic composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of steel fiber ceramic composite materials, in particular to an embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of a steel fiber ceramic composite material.
Background
Ceramic materials have the advantages of high strength, high hardness, good thermal stability and oxidation resistance, making them the material of choice for applications involving exposure to harsh environments. However, ceramic materials suffer from the disadvantage of low energy to break and of being brittle. In order to improve the breaking energy of the ceramic material, a common way is to fill steel fiber filler in a ceramic matrix to prepare a steel fiber ceramic composite material.
However, the existing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material directly mixes the steel fibers with the ceramic slurry, such as the application number 20211086223. X, named as a baking-free high-strength metal ceramic composite material, and the preparation method and the applied Chinese patent application of the composite material, the orientation of the steel fibers cannot be designed, so that the steel fiber structure cannot be designed to improve the fracture energy of the composite material by optimizing the design of the steel fiber structure, and the potential of the steel fiber ceramic composite material is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material is low in cost and high in precision.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material comprises the following steps of:
s1, preparing ceramic matrix suspension and steel fiber ink;
s2, performing embedded direct-write 3D printing;
and S3, drying, degreasing and sintering the printed part.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes step S11:
the temperature-sensitive hydrogel powder and distilled water are respectively dissolved in distilled water according to the mass percentages of 25wt% and 30wt%, and are stored in an environment of 0-4 ℃ for 24-36 hours, so that two Pluronic gels with the mass percentages of 25wt% and 30wt% are respectively obtained.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes step S12:
mixing alumina powder with 25wt% Pluronic gel in the weight ratio of 7 to 3, adding dispersant in 1-3 wt% of the alumina powder to obtain mixture, and cooling the mixture in ice bath for 20-30 min.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes step S13:
stirring the cooled mixture at the speed of 2000-2500 rpm for 5-10 min, cooling in ice bath for 20-30 min, and repeating stirring and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain ceramic matrix suspension.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes step S14:
mixing steel powder with 30wt% Pluronic gel in the volume ratio of 1 to 3, adding dispersant in 0.5-1.5 wt% of the steel powder to obtain mixture, and cooling the mixture in ice bath for 20-30 min.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes step S15:
stirring the cooled mixture at the speed of 2000-2500 rpm for 5-10 min, cooling in ice bath for 20-30 min, and repeating stirring and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain the steel fiber ink.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes step S21:
and (3) respectively placing the ceramic matrix suspension and the steel fiber ink in a vacuum environment for drying for 60-70 minutes.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes step S22:
and cooling the dried ceramic matrix suspension to 0-10 ℃, and pouring the ceramic matrix suspension into a silica gel mold coated with silicone oil.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes step S23:
placing the silica gel mold in a water bath with the temperature of 15-20 ℃, injecting steel fiber ink into a cylinder for direct writing 3D printing, and extruding ink filaments with the diameter of 10-700 um by a nozzle with the inner diameter of 10-600 um.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes the steps of:
s31, taking down a silica gel mold containing ceramic matrix suspension and printing ink, and putting the silica gel mold into an environment with the temperature of 32 ℃ to dry for 1-2 weeks;
s32, taking out the dried ceramic matrix suspension from the silica gel mold, placing the ceramic matrix suspension in a sintering furnace, heating the ceramic matrix suspension from room temperature to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, continuously heating the ceramic matrix suspension to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and then opening the box to cool the ceramic matrix suspension to normal temperature;
s33, heating the temperature from room temperature to 1550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and finally opening the box and cooling to the room temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problems that the existing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material directly mixes the steel fiber with the ceramic slurry, and the orientation of the steel fiber cannot be designed, so that the steel fiber structure cannot be designed to improve the fracture energy of the composite material by optimizing the design of the steel fiber structure, and the potential of the steel fiber ceramic composite material is restricted. The method is based on an embedded direct-writing 3D printing technology, ceramic gel with a self-repairing function is prepared, a direct-writing 3D printing nozzle can move in the gel, the gel can heal without defects after the nozzle passes, meanwhile, the direct-writing 3D printing is utilized to print steel fiber ink in the ceramic gel, in the subsequent heat treatment, the gel can form compact and defect-free ceramic, the steel fiber ink is wrapped, and finally the steel fiber ink and the ceramic gel are solidified through sintering to prepare the steel fiber ceramic composite material with a steel fiber structure capable of being designed. The method has the advantages of low cost, high speed, simple processing, no need of clean room environment, high precision and good practicability of the prepared steel fiber ceramic composite material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a printer setting for performing embedded direct-write 3D printing in step S2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic drawing of steel fiber ink extrusion for embedded direct-writing 3D printing in step S2 in the embodiment of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1. a piston; 2. a needle cylinder; 3. a nozzle; 4. a silica gel mold; 5. water bath; 6. a ceramic matrix suspension; 7. steel fiber ink.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The direct-writing 3D printing belongs to an extrusion type 3D printing technology in an additive manufacturing technology, and has full application prospect in the preparation of ceramic materials. Embedded direct write 3D printing is an emerging variant of direct write 3D printing, which is based on printing complex structures in a soft supporting matrix, with superior manufacturing freedom, and can produce complex micro-sized structures. Therefore, the invention provides a method for preparing a steel fiber ceramic composite material by utilizing embedded direct-writing 3D printing so as to print a complex and designable steel fiber structure inside compact ceramics.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of a steel fiber ceramic composite material includes the following steps:
s1, preparing ceramic matrix suspension 6 and steel fiber ink 7;
s2, performing embedded direct-write 3D printing;
and S3, drying, degreasing and sintering the printed part.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention solves the problems that the existing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material directly mixes the steel fiber with the ceramic slurry, and the orientation of the steel fiber cannot be designed, so that the steel fiber structure cannot be designed to improve the fracture energy of the composite material by optimizing the design of the steel fiber structure, and the potential of the steel fiber ceramic composite material is restricted. The method is based on an embedded direct-writing 3D printing technology, ceramic gel with a self-repairing function is prepared, a direct-writing 3D printing nozzle can move in the gel, the gel can heal without defects after the nozzle passes, meanwhile, the direct-writing 3D printing is utilized to print steel fiber ink in the ceramic gel, in the subsequent heat treatment, the gel can form compact and defect-free ceramic, the steel fiber ink is wrapped, and finally the steel fiber ink and the ceramic gel are solidified through sintering to prepare the steel fiber ceramic composite material with a steel fiber structure capable of being designed. The method has the advantages of low cost, high speed, simple processing, no need of clean room environment, high precision and good practicability of the prepared steel fiber ceramic composite material.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S11:
the temperature-sensitive hydrogel powder and distilled water are respectively dissolved in distilled water according to the mass percentages of 25wt% and 30wt%, and are stored in an environment of 0-4 ℃ for 24-36 hours, so that two Pluronic gels with the mass percentages of 25wt% and 30wt% are respectively obtained.
From the above description, pluronic is a temperature sensitive hydrogel consisting of poly (ethylene oxide) -poly (propylene oxide) -poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO). The Pluronic powder and distilled water were dissolved in distilled water at 25wt% and 30wt%, respectively, and stored in a refrigerator at 0-4℃for 24-36 hours to obtain two portions of Pluronic gel at 25wt% and 30wt%, respectively.
Preferably, the Pluronic powder is of the brand: pluronic F127.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S12:
mixing alumina powder with 25wt% Pluronic gel in the weight ratio of 7 to 3, adding dispersant in 1-3 wt% of the alumina powder to obtain mixture, and cooling the mixture in ice bath for 20-30 min.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S13:
the cooled mixture is stirred for 5 to 10 minutes at the speed of 2000 to 2500 rpm, then is cooled in an ice bath for 20 to 30 minutes, and is repeatedly stirred and cooled for 3 to 5 times to obtain ceramic matrix suspension 6.
From the above description, it is known that alumina powder is added to Pluronic gel having a mass percentage of 25wt% in a weight ratio of 7:3, a dispersant having a mass of 1-3% of the alumina powder is added, the mixture is cooled in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, the cooled mixture is stirred and mixed in a stirrer for 5-10 minutes at a speed of 2000-2500 rpm, and then cooled in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, and the mixing and cooling steps are repeated for 3-5 times to obtain ceramic matrix suspension 6;
preferably, the dispersant is of the brand: dolapix CA.
Preferably, the mixing and cooling steps are performed multiple times in order to thoroughly mix the powders to obtain a uniform, lump-free ceramic matrix suspension 6.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S14:
mixing steel powder with 30wt% Pluronic gel in the volume ratio of 1 to 3, adding dispersant in 0.5-1.5 wt% of the steel powder to obtain mixture, and cooling the mixture in ice bath for 20-30 min.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S15:
stirring the cooled mixture at the speed of 2000-2500 rpm for 5-10 min, cooling in ice bath for 20-30 min, and repeating stirring and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain the steel fiber ink 7.
From the above description, it is known that the steel powder is mixed with the Pluronic gel having a mass percentage of 30wt% prepared in step S101 in a volume ratio of 1:3, a dispersant having a mass percentage of 0.5 to 1.5% of the steel powder is added, the mixture is cooled in an ice bath for 20 to 30 minutes, the cooled mixture is stirred in a stirrer for 5 to 10 minutes at a speed of 2000 to 2500 rpm, and then cooled in an ice bath for 20 to 30 minutes, and the steps of mixing and cooling are repeated 3 to 5 times to obtain the steel fiber ink 7
Preferably, the grain size of the steel powder is 5-8 um.
Preferably, the dispersant is of the brand: dolapix CA.
Preferably, the mixing and cooling steps are performed multiple times in order to thoroughly mix the powders to obtain a uniform steel fiber ink 7.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes step S21:
the ceramic matrix suspension 6 and the steel fiber ink 7 are dried in a vacuum environment for 60 to 70 minutes, respectively.
From the above description, the above steps are used to eliminate bubbles in the ceramic matrix suspension 6 and the steel fiber ink 7.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes step S22:
the dried ceramic matrix suspension 6 is cooled to 0-10 ℃ and poured into a silicone mold 4 coated with silicone oil.
From the above description, it follows that the purpose of cooling the ceramic matrix suspension 6 to 0-10 ℃ is that the viscosity of the ceramic matrix suspension 6 is low at 0-10 ℃ so as to fill the silicone mold 4.
Preferably, the silicone mold 4 is a rectangular container with an upper opening, and the material is silicone.
Preferably, silicone oil is coated in the silicone mold 4 for the purpose of facilitating demolding.
In an alternative embodiment, a three-dimensional model of a runner to be printed is built in three-dimensional modeling software, the three-dimensional model is stored in an STL file and is imported into slicing software, printing parameters are set in the slicing software, a G-code file is generated, and the G-code file is imported into a direct-write 3D printer for embedded direct-write 3D printing.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes step S23:
the silica gel mold 4 is placed in a water bath 5 with the temperature of 15-20 ℃, steel fiber ink 7 is injected into a cylinder 2 for direct writing 3D printing, a piston 1 is arranged on the cylinder 2, and an ink filament with the diameter of 10-700 um is extruded through a nozzle 3 with the inner diameter of 10-600 um.
From the above description, it is clear that during printing, the silicone mold 4 is placed in a water bath 5 at a temperature of 15-20 ℃ to ensure that the temperature of the ceramic matrix suspension 6 in the silicone mold 4 is 15-20 ℃ during printing, in order to allow the ceramic matrix suspension 6 to have a sufficient viscosity to support the printed ink.
Preferably, during printing, the nozzles 3 are in a ceramic matrix suspension 6 and the ink is extruded as filaments suspended in the ceramic matrix suspension 6.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S3 specifically includes the steps of:
s31, drying: taking down the silica gel mold 4 containing the ceramic matrix suspension 6 and the printing ink, and putting the silica gel mold into an environment with the temperature of 32 ℃ to be dried for 1-2 weeks;
s32, degreasing: taking out the dried ceramic matrix suspension 6 from the silica gel mold 4, placing the ceramic matrix suspension in a sintering furnace, heating the ceramic matrix suspension from room temperature to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, continuously heating the ceramic matrix suspension to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min and preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and then opening the box to cool the ceramic matrix suspension to normal temperature;
s33, sintering: heating the temperature from room temperature to 1550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃ per minute, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and finally opening the box to cool to normal temperature.
From the above description, it is known that by drying, degreasing and sintering, the ceramic matrix suspension becomes a dense ceramic part, while the steel fiber ink is cured during the sintering process, and finally a high-precision designable complex steel fiber structure is formed in the ceramic part, and the steel fiber ceramic composite material is prepared.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing ceramic matrix suspension 6 and steel fiber ink 7;
s2, performing embedded direct-write 3D printing;
and S3, drying, degreasing and sintering the printed part.
Further, the specific operation of step S1 is:
s101, dissolving Pluronic (temperature sensitive hydrogel consisting of poly (ethylene oxide) -poly (propylene oxide) -poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO)) powder and distilled water in the mass percent of 25 weight percent and 30 weight percent respectively in distilled water, and storing in a refrigerator at 0-4 ℃ for 24-36 hours to obtain two Pluronic gels with the mass percent of 25 weight percent and 30 weight percent respectively;
s102, adding alumina powder into Pluronic gel with the mass percentage of 25wt% prepared in the step S101 in a weight ratio of 7:3, adding a dispersing agent with the mass percentage of 1-3% of the alumina powder, cooling the mixture in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, stirring and mixing the cooled mixture in a stirrer for 5-10 minutes at a speed of 2000-2500 rpm, then cooling in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, and repeating the steps of mixing and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain a ceramic matrix suspension 6;
s103, mixing steel powder with the Pluronic gel with the mass percentage of 30wt% prepared in the step S101 according to the volume ratio of 1:3, adding a dispersing agent with the mass percentage of 0.5-1.5% of the steel powder, cooling the mixture in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, stirring and mixing the cooled mixture in a stirrer for 5-10 minutes at the speed of 2000-2500 rpm, then cooling in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, and repeating the steps of mixing and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain the steel fiber ink 7;
the specific operation of step S2 is:
s201, respectively placing the ceramic matrix suspension 6 prepared in the step S102 and the steel fiber ink 7 prepared in the step S103 into a vacuum dryer for drying for 60-70 minutes to eliminate bubbles in the ceramic matrix suspension 6 and the steel fiber ink 7;
s202, cooling the ceramic matrix suspension 6 obtained in the step 201 to 0-10 ℃, and pouring the ceramic matrix suspension into a silicone mold 4 coated with silicone oil;
s203, injecting the steel fiber ink 7 obtained in the step 201 into the direct-writing 3D printing needle cylinder 2;
s204, constructing a three-dimensional model of a runner to be printed in three-dimensional modeling software, wherein the three-dimensional model is stored as an STL file and is imported into slicing software, printing parameters are set in the slicing software, a G-code file is generated, and the G-code file is imported into a direct-write 3D printer for embedded direct-write 3D printing;
the specific operation of step S3 is:
s301, drying: after printing, taking down the silica gel mould 4 containing the ceramic matrix suspension 6 and the printed ink, putting the silica gel mould into a convection oven, setting the humidity in the oven to 72+/-3% by putting supersaturated sodium chloride solution into the oven, setting the temperature of the oven to 32 ℃, and putting a fan into the oven to promote air circulation, wherein the drying time is 1-2 weeks;
s302, degreasing: the ceramic matrix suspension 6 dried in the step S301 is taken out of the silica gel mold 4 and placed in a sintering furnace, and degreasing is required before sintering in order to ensure that the part is not cracked in the sintering process, and the specific operations are as follows: heating to 350deg.C from room temperature at a heating rate of 1deg.C/min, maintaining for 1-2 hr, continuously heating to 500deg.C at a heating rate of 2deg.C/min, maintaining for 2-3 hr after 500 deg.C, and cooling to room temperature;
s303, sintering: sintering is carried out after degreasing, and the specific operation is as follows: heating the temperature from room temperature to 1550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 hours after the temperature reaches 1550 ℃, and opening the box to cool to normal temperature.
In summary, the invention solves the problems that the existing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material directly mixes the steel fiber with the ceramic slurry, and the orientation of the steel fiber cannot be designed, so that the steel fiber structure cannot be designed to improve the fracture energy of the composite material by optimizing the design of the steel fiber structure, and the potential of the steel fiber ceramic composite material is restricted. The method is based on an embedded direct-writing 3D printing technology, ceramic gel with a self-repairing function is prepared, a direct-writing 3D printing nozzle can move in the gel, the gel can heal without defects after the nozzle passes, meanwhile, the direct-writing 3D printing is utilized to print steel fiber ink in the ceramic gel, in the subsequent heat treatment, the gel can form compact and defect-free ceramic, the steel fiber ink is wrapped, and finally the steel fiber ink and the ceramic gel are solidified through sintering to prepare the steel fiber ceramic composite material with a steel fiber structure capable of being designed. The method has the advantages of low cost, high speed, simple processing, no need of clean room environment, high precision and good practicability of the prepared steel fiber ceramic composite material.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, respectively dissolving temperature-sensitive hydrogel powder and distilled water in 25wt% and 30wt% of distilled water, and storing in an environment of 0-4 ℃ for 24-36 hours to respectively obtain two Pluronic gels with 25wt% and 30wt% of the weight percentage; mixing aluminum oxide powder with 25 weight percent of Pluronic gel according to the weight ratio of 7:3, adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 1-3% of the mass of the aluminum oxide powder to obtain a mixture, and cooling the mixture in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes; stirring the cooled mixture at a speed of 2000-2500 rpm for 5-10 minutes, then cooling in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, and repeatedly stirring and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain a ceramic matrix suspension;
mixing steel powder and Pluronic gel with the mass percentage of 30wt% according to the volume ratio of 1:3, adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the steel powder to obtain a mixture, and cooling the mixture in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes; stirring the cooled mixture for 5-10 minutes at a speed of 2000-2500 rpm, then cooling in an ice bath for 20-30 minutes, and repeatedly stirring and cooling for 3-5 times to obtain steel fiber ink;
s2, performing embedded direct-writing 3D printing:
the step S2 specifically includes step S21:
respectively placing the ceramic matrix suspension and the steel fiber ink in a vacuum environment for drying for 60-70 minutes;
the step S2 specifically includes step S22:
cooling the dried ceramic matrix suspension to 0-10 ℃, and pouring the ceramic matrix suspension into a silica gel mold coated with silicone oil;
the step S2 specifically includes step S23:
placing a silica gel mold in a water bath with the temperature of 15-20 ℃, injecting steel fiber ink into a cylinder for direct-writing 3D printing, extruding the ink into filaments in ceramic matrix suspension, and extruding the ink filaments with the diameter of 10-700 microns by using a nozzle with the inner diameter of 10-600 microns;
and S3, drying, degreasing and sintering the printed part.
2. The embedded direct-write 3D printing preparation method of the steel fiber ceramic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the S3 specifically comprises the steps of:
s31, taking down a silica gel mold containing ceramic matrix suspension and printing ink, and putting the silica gel mold into an environment with the temperature of 32 ℃ to be dried for 1-2 weeks;
s32, taking out the dried ceramic matrix suspension from the silica gel mold, placing the ceramic matrix suspension in a sintering furnace, heating the ceramic matrix suspension from room temperature to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, continuously heating the ceramic matrix suspension to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and then opening the box to cool the ceramic matrix suspension to normal temperature;
s33, heating the temperature from room temperature to 1550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and finally opening the box and cooling to the room temperature.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311340901.0A CN118026712A (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method with designable steel fiber orientation |
| CN202311340890.6A CN117623791A (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method |
| CN202211397118.3A CN115806440B (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of steel fiber ceramic composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211397118.3A CN115806440B (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method of steel fiber ceramic composite material |
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| CN202311340890.6A Division CN117623791A (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method |
| CN202311340901.0A Division CN118026712A (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Embedded direct-writing 3D printing preparation method with designable steel fiber orientation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115806440A CN115806440A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
| CN115806440B true CN115806440B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108943701A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of 4D Method of printing of the continuous fiber embedded composite material of controllable deforming |
| CN109400200A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-01 | 中南大学 | A kind of macroscopical and all controllable hydroxyapatite porous ceramics and its preparation method and application of microstructure |
| CN109482886A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of preparation method of 3D printing ceramics and fiber composite enhancing alumina-base material |
| CN109704800A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 西安交通大学 | One kind being based on the molding short carbon fiber toughened ceramic composite forming method of direct write |
| CN109761613A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 西安交通大学 | The short carbon fiber toughened ceramic composite forming method of gel injection-moulding based on 3D printing |
| CN111662091A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Short carbon fiber reinforced Csf/SiC ceramic matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108943701A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of 4D Method of printing of the continuous fiber embedded composite material of controllable deforming |
| CN109400200A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-01 | 中南大学 | A kind of macroscopical and all controllable hydroxyapatite porous ceramics and its preparation method and application of microstructure |
| CN109482886A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of preparation method of 3D printing ceramics and fiber composite enhancing alumina-base material |
| CN109704800A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 西安交通大学 | One kind being based on the molding short carbon fiber toughened ceramic composite forming method of direct write |
| CN109761613A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 西安交通大学 | The short carbon fiber toughened ceramic composite forming method of gel injection-moulding based on 3D printing |
| CN111662091A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Short carbon fiber reinforced Csf/SiC ceramic matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN118026712A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
| CN115806440A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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