CN115804626A - Automatic ligation device for blood vessels in abdominal cavity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic ligation device for blood vessels in an abdominal cavity, which belongs to the field of auxiliary tools for blood vessel ligation, and comprises a ligation thread, an internal wire part, an external wire part, a wire retracting part and a blocking part; the inner wire part, the outer wire part and the wire collecting part are sequentially distributed from inside to outside; the head end of the ligature is provided with a fixing point, and the tail end of the ligature is clamped at the front end of the internal wire piece; the ligature is started from the fixed point, uniformly wound for a plurality of circles outside the external lead piece to form a winding circle, and then extends into a first gap between the external lead piece and the winding circle and returns to the fixed point to extend out; the winding ring and the wire collecting piece are sleeved on the outer side of the external wire guiding piece in parallel, the fixing point is located on one side far away from the wire collecting piece, a brand-new ligature ligation mode is adopted to replace a titanium clamp, the cost is greatly reduced, and the problems of foreign body sensation, falling off, patient psychology and the like are solved.

Description

Automatic ligation device for blood vessels in abdominal cavity

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of auxiliary tools for ligaturing blood vessels, in particular to an automatic ligaturing device for blood vessels in an abdominal cavity.

Background

In laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery, after a part of an organ is excised, a blood vessel supplying blood to the part of the organ needs to be permanently ligated. Particularly, in abdominal cholecystectomy, ligation of the cystic duct and the cystic artery is required after the gallbladder is cut. Different from an open abdominal operation, an operator can manually ligate a blood vessel by using a ligature, in a laparoscopic minimally invasive operation, the operation depends on specific surgical instruments, but no proper instrument exists at present, and doctors are divided into a metal titanium ligating clip, a hem-o-lok polymer plastic ligating clip and an absorbable biological ligating clip according to the material and the use so as to ligate and anastomose the blood vessel and the tissue in a body.

The metal titanium ligation clip has many disadvantages after being used due to the characteristics of metal materials. For example: when the electrocoagulation is carried out by using an electrocoagulator in the operation, the current is easy to conduct, and the tissue is damaged; edema of postoperative clamped and closed tissues gradually subsides, the ligation clip is easy to loose, migrate, fall off prematurely and the like, and has no due ligation and closure effects, so that gallbladder leakage or hemorrhage causes abdominal infection; interference is easy to generate in the imaging examination to influence the diagnosis; and potential harm caused by foreign body remaining in the body; patient psychological effects, and the like. Therefore, titanium metal ligating clips are gradually coming out of the market. The hem-o-lok polymer plastic ligature clamp can well overcome the problems caused by the materials, but the hem-o-lok polymer plastic ligature clamp is expensive in manufacturing cost and still has the problems of foreign matters, falling off, psychology of patients and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic ligation device for blood vessels in an abdominal cavity, which can realize the replacement of a disposable ligation clip by a brand-new ligation mode, greatly reduce the cost and solve the problems of foreign body sensation, falling off, psychology of patients and the like.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

An automatic ligature device for blood vessels in abdominal cavity comprises ligatures, an inner wire part, an outer wire part, a wire collecting part and a blocking part; the inner wire part, the outer wire part and the wire collecting part are sequentially distributed from inside to outside; the head end of the ligature is provided with a fixed point, and the tail end of the ligature is clamped at the front end of the internal wire guide; the ligature is started from the fixed point, uniformly wound for a plurality of circles outside the external lead piece to form a winding circle, and then extends into a first gap between the external lead piece and the winding circle and returns to the fixed point to extend out; the winding ring and the wire take-up member are sleeved on the outer side of the external wire member in parallel, the fixing point is positioned on one side far away from the wire take-up member, and a second gap between the wire take-up member and the external wire member is smaller than the first gap, so that the wire take-up member can push the ligature along the outer wall of the external wire member to complete the wire take-up operation; a switching mechanism is arranged between the internal wire guide and the external wire guide; when the tail end of the ligature is arranged at the front end of the external wire guide, an L-shaped inlet channel is formed between the front ends of the internal wire guide and the external wire guide; when the tail end of the ligature is switched to the front end of the inner wire guide through the switching mechanism, the access channel is closed; the blocking piece is fixedly connected with the wire collecting piece and located on the outer side of the winding ring, and the blocking piece is used for preventing the blood vessel from entering the inner side of the winding ring.

Further, the ligature comprises a wire head and a wire body which are fixedly connected; the wire head is made of a hard material, the wire body is made of a soft material, and the wire head is clamped in a clamping hole formed in the external wire guide; and a torsional spring is connected between one end of the wire end, which is far away from the wire body, and the switching mechanism.

Furthermore, the inner wire part comprises an inner sleeve and a wire block which are integrally connected, the inner sleeve is positioned on the inner side of the outer wire part, and the switching mechanism is connected to one side, far away from the inner sleeve, of the wire block.

Furthermore, the external wire part comprises an outer sleeve, a lead block and a partition plate which are integrally connected, the outer sleeve is positioned between the internal wire part and the wire take-up part, one side of the lead block, which is close to the central axis of the outer sleeve, is provided with an inclined surface, the tail end of the ligature is clamped on the inclined surface, and the switching mechanism is positioned on one side of the inclined surface, which is close to the central axis of the outer sleeve; the partition board is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, a slideway matched with the partition board is formed in the side wall of the inner wire piece, and the partition board is inserted into the slideway and extends into the inner wire piece.

Furthermore, the outer end of the outer sleeve is provided with a limiting convex ring, the limiting convex ring is positioned on the outer sleeve and close to the lead block, and the fixed point is positioned between the limiting convex ring and the wire take-up piece.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the external lead part is fixedly connected with a positioning column, the positioning column is located on one side, away from the ligature, of the wire collecting part, the outer wall of the wire collecting part is connected with a sleeve buckle through a rotating shaft, and the sleeve buckle is provided with a through hole matched with the positioning column.

Further, the switching mechanism comprises a first positioning part and a second positioning part, and the second positioning part is connected with an external lead piece and is in a hook shape; the first positioning part is fixed with the internal wire guide and is provided with a through hole matched with the hook shape; the first positioning part is positioned on one side, far away from the ligature, of the second positioning part, and the first positioning part and the second positioning part can be mutually clamped.

Further, at least one redundant part is arranged on the ligature, and the redundant part is positioned between two adjacent winding rings.

Furthermore, when the thread end is in a vertical state, the partition plate is positioned between the thread end and the inclined plane.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the scheme replaces a blood vessel ligation mode in a minimally invasive surgery under a laparoscope by a brand-new ligation mode, effectively avoids the problems of the existing disposable ligation clip, and reduces the cost.

2. The ligature of this scheme has accomplished special winding form through various mechanical structure, and the ligature is more firm outward, and the ligature is difficult for droing, and specific setting up the fixed point that passes through follows the fixed point and goes out even winding several circles, stretches out from inboard loop to fixed point again, then passes from the blood vessel needs ligature department outside and stretches out in the circle again, tightens up at last and cuts unnecessary part, because of fixed point and blood vessel are pressed from both sides the jail, and is difficult loose, and the ligature is very firm.

3. This scheme realizes that a series of complicated line winding modes mainly pass through inside wire spare, outside wire spare, receive the line spare, switching mechanism and stop the piece and accomplish, outside wire spare is used for sending the end of a thread into vascular ligature department, the passageway of being convenient for is opened with outside wire spare separation this moment, the blood vessel gets into, replace the end of a thread to inside wire spare through switching mechanism after getting into, so that the end of a thread passes from the blood vessel outside, then in pulling inside wire spare makes the end of a thread stretch back the circle, regain outside wire spare again, it can accomplish the ligature to tighten up through stopping the piece and receiving the line spare at last, trim unnecessary line body when repairing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the invention with the blocking member removed;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a ligature according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a position-locking hole of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an inner wire guide of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an external lead member according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a buckle according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the L-shaped channel of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the thread end of the present invention in a vertical state (the dotted line is a blood vessel);

fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ligature of the present invention (blood vessel shown by a dotted line).

The numbering in the figures illustrates:

1 ligature, 1a fixed point, 10 redundant parts, 11 thread ends, 12 thread bodies and 13 torsion springs;

2 internal wire guide, 21 internal sleeve, 22 wire guide block, 23 slideway;

3 external lead parts, 3a clamping holes, 30 positioning columns, 31 outer sleeves, 310 blocking rings, 32 lead blocks and 33 partition plates;

4, taking up the wire and 40 sleeving and buckling;

5 a switching mechanism, 51 a first positioning unit, 52 a second positioning unit;

6 a barrier.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-12, an intra-abdominal blood vessel auto-ligation device mainly comprises a ligature 1, an inner wire member 2, an outer wire member 3, a wire take-up member 4 and a blocking member 6, wherein the inner wire member 2, the outer wire member 3 and the wire take-up member 4 are distributed from inside to outside, the ligature 1 is sleeved outside the outer wire member 3 and is sleeved with the wire take-up member 4 in parallel, and a gap between the wire take-up member 4 and the outer wire member 3 is smaller than a minimum gap between the ligature 1 and the outer wire member 3, so that when the wire take-up member 4 is pushed along the outer wire member 3, the wire take-up member 4 can push the ligature 1. The wire take-up member 4 and the blocking member 6 are cylindrical tubular in shape.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a ligature 1 is wound around an external wire member 3 in a special manner, the ligature 1 including a wire end 11 and a wire body 12 fixedly connected; the end of a thread 11 is made for the hard material, the line body 12 is made for soft material, the head end of the line body 12 has fixed point 1a, just start from fixed point 1a after outside 3 outside along being close to the direction winding several circles of receiving thread spare 4, do not coincide between circle and circle, even distribution, wear back to fixed point 1a to twine the last circle again from the first space between ligature 1 and outside 3, it is fixed with the end of a thread 11 of joint in screens hole 3a after stretching out, screens hole 3a is seted up on the inclined plane of lead wire piece 32, ligature 1 adopts one line to fold into double-line formation in this picture, can select suitable root according to the ligature needs in the actual conditions. The fixing point 1a is generated by fixing the head end of the wire body 12 with itself wound around the fixing point, which is beneficial to clamping the head end of the wire body 12 all the time after the winding ring is tightened (see fig. 12). One end of the thread end 11 far away from the thread body 12 is connected with the second positioning part 52 through the torsion spring 13, the groove shape corresponding to the torsion spring 13 and arranged at the lower end of the second positioning part 52 can be set, so that the rotation range of the thread end 11 is limited, the maximum included angle between the thread end 11 and the inclined plane is the best acute angle, which can be 30 degrees, the central line of the included angle is vertical, thus, the thread end 11 can not be dragged by the blood vessel when moving upwards conveniently, the inclined plane is not easy to carry out linking on the blood vessel when the lead block 32 moves upwards conveniently, and the withdrawing of the external lead piece 3 is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 4-5, a switching mechanism 5 is disposed between the inner lead member 2 and the outer lead member 3, the switching mechanism 5 includes a first positioning portion 51 and a second positioning portion 52, the second positioning portion 52 is hook-shaped and detachably connected to the outer lead member 3; the first positioning part 51 is fixed with the inner conductor 2 and is provided with a through hole matched with the hook shape; the first positioning portion 51 is located on the side of the second positioning portion 52 away from the wire body 12 of the ligature 1.

Referring to fig. 5, the inner wire guide 2 includes an inner sleeve 21 and a wire guide block 22 integrally connected, the inner sleeve 21 is located inside the outer wire guide 3, and the first positioning portion 51 is connected to a side of the wire guide block 22 away from the inner sleeve 21.

Referring to fig. 6-7, the outer wire guiding member 3 includes an outer sleeve 31, a wire guiding block 32 and a partition 33 which are integrally connected, the outer sleeve 31 is located between the inner wire guiding member 2 and the wire rewinding member 4, a limiting convex ring 310 is arranged at an outer end of the outer sleeve 31, the limiting convex ring 310 is located on the outer sleeve 31 near the wire guiding block 32, the limiting convex ring 310 can prevent a wound coil from being disengaged from the outer side of the outer wire guiding member 3 when the wire rewinding member 4 does not push the wound coil, the wound coil can cross the limiting convex ring 310 when pushing, a fixed point 1a is located between the limiting convex ring 310 and the wire rewinding member 4, one side of the wire guiding block 32 near the central axis of the outer sleeve 31 is set to be an inclined plane, the tail end of the ligature 1 is clamped in a clamping hole 3a on the inclined plane, and the second positioning portion 52 is located at one side of the inclined plane near the central axis of the outer sleeve 31; the partition 33 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 31, a slideway 23 matched with the partition 33 is formed in the inner conductor 2, and the partition 33 is inserted into the slideway 23 and extends into the inner conductor 2.

Please refer to fig. 1, a positioning column 30 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the external wire member 3, the positioning column 30 is located at a side of the wire take-up member 4 away from the ligature 1, a buckle 40 is connected to the outer wall of the wire take-up member 4 through a rotating shaft, a through hole matched with the positioning column 30 is formed in the buckle 40, the buckle 40 is sleeved on the positioning column 30 to position the external wire member 3 and the wire take-up member 4 relatively, and similarly, the internal wire member 2 can also be positioned, so that the internal wire member 2, the external wire member 3 and the wire take-up member 4 are limited before use and do not move randomly, the internal wire member 2 and the external wire member 3 can also be limited to slide linearly in a length direction of an inner wall of the wire take-up member 4 through a sliding groove and a sliding block, so as to prevent the internal wire member 2, the external wire member 3 and the wire take-up member 4 from rotating relatively to affect the engagement of the first positioning portion 51 and the second positioning portion 52, and the sliding block moving length can also be limited by the sliding groove, thereby limiting the maximum and the minimum degree of the relative sliding between the internal wire member 2, the external wire member 3 and the wire take-up member 4 can be set according to many details according to practical use conditions.

Referring to fig. 3, at least one redundant portion 10 is disposed on the ligature 1, and the redundant portion 10 is located between two adjacent winding turns, so that when the thread end 11 is pulled back, enough thread 12 can pass through the winding turns to prevent the thread end 11 from being still in the winding turns when the winding turns are pushed down from the outer sleeve 31 by the take-up member 4, which affects the tightening of the winding turns.

Referring to fig. 9-10, the blocking member 6 is fixedly connected to the wire rewinding member 4, and the blocking member 6 is located outside the winding coil, so that the blocking member 6 can block the blood vessel from entering the winding coil when the inner wire member 2 and the outer wire member 3 are pulled back.

Referring to fig. 11, when the thread end 11 is in the vertical state, the side of the partition 33 away from the inclined plane at the head of the thread end 11 overcomes the restoring force of the torsion spring 13, so that the tail of the thread end 11 is not easy to touch the blood vessel due to the too large inclination of the elastic force in the L-shaped channel.

In operation, referring to fig. 10, a blood vessel can enter through the L-shaped channel without hindrance, when the blood vessel needs to be taken up after entering, the internal wire member 2 is unlocked first to be pulled back, the wire take-up member 4 is held to pull back the internal wire member 2, the first positioning portion 51 moves along with the internal wire member 2 in a direction close to the partition 33 until the first positioning portion 51 and the second positioning portion 52 are engaged to drive the second positioning portion 52 and the wire head 11 to move together, the torsion spring 13 always has a force to rotate the tail portion of the wire head 11 towards the external wire member 3, when the head portion of the wire head 11 is moved by the second positioning portion 52, the head portion moves while rotating to gradually disengage from the engaging hole 3a, because the minimum distance between the engaging hole 3a and the partition 33 is smaller than the length of the wire head 11, when the tail portion of the wire head 11 disengages from the engaging hole 3a, the head portion of the torsion spring 13 enters into a side of the partition 33 far from the inclined surface, the wire head portion of the partition 33 is pressed to contact the blood vessel without rebounding due to the limiting effect of the partition 33, and the slide block the wire head portion of the slide is moved back, and the slide is moved to the slide is pushed back to the outside, and the slide block can be pushed back to the slide block the blood vessel, and the slide block can be pushed back.

When holding the wire-receiving member 4 and pulling back the external wire member 3, the wire-receiving member 4 can push the wire body 12 to slowly separate from the external wire member 3 because the second gap is smaller than the first gap, and meanwhile, the wire head 11 is pulled back to drive the wire body 12 to tighten, when the wire body 12 completely separates from the external wire member 3 and tightens step by step, as shown in fig. 12, the wire body 12 ligates the blood vessel, and finally, the redundant part at the tail part of the wire body 12 is cut off. Because the winding ring is tightened to clamp the head end of the wire body 12, the tighter the winding ring is, the firmer the head end of the wire body 12 is, the loosening of the wire body 12 is not easy to cause, and the ligation is firmer.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic ligation device of blood vessel in abdominal cavity which characterized in that: comprises a ligature (1), an internal wire guide (2), an external wire guide (3), a wire collecting piece (4) and a blocking piece (6);

the inner wire part (2), the outer wire part (3) and the wire collecting part (4) are distributed in sequence from inside to outside;

the head end of the ligature (1) is provided with a fixed point (1 a), and the tail end of the ligature is clamped at the front end of the internal wire piece (2);

the ligature (1) starts from the fixing point (1 a) and is uniformly wound for a plurality of circles outside the external lead piece (3) to form a winding circle, and then extends into a first gap between the external lead piece (3) and the winding circle and returns to the fixing point (1 a) to extend out;

the winding ring and the wire rewinding piece (4) are sleeved on the outer side of the external wire guiding piece (3) in parallel, the fixing point (1 a) is located on one side far away from the wire rewinding piece (4), and a second gap between the wire rewinding piece (4) and the external wire guiding piece (3) is smaller than the first gap, so that the wire rewinding piece (4) can push the ligature (1) along the outer wall of the external wire guiding piece (3) to complete wire rewinding operation;

a switching mechanism (5) is arranged between the inner wire guide (2) and the outer wire guide (3); when the tail end of the ligature (1) is arranged at the front end of the external wire guide (3), an L-shaped entering channel is formed between the front ends of the internal wire guide (2) and the external wire guide (3); when the tail end of the ligature (1) is switched to the front end of the inner wire guide (2) through the switching mechanism (5), the inlet channel is closed;

the blocking piece (6) is fixedly connected with the wire winding piece (4), the blocking piece (6) is located on the outer side of the winding ring, and the blocking piece (6) is used for preventing blood vessels from entering the inner side of the winding ring.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein: the ligature (1) comprises a wire head (11) and a wire body (12) which are fixedly connected; the wire head (11) is made of a hard material, the wire body (12) is made of a soft material, and the wire head (11) is clamped in a clamping hole (3 a) formed in the external wire guide (3); and a torsion spring (13) is connected between one end of the thread end (11) far away from the thread body (12) and the switching mechanism (5).

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wire guide (2) comprises an inner sleeve (21) and a wire guide block (22) which are integrally connected, the inner sleeve (21) is positioned on the inner side of the outer wire guide (3), and the switching mechanism (5) is connected to one side, far away from the inner sleeve (21), of the wire guide block (22).

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein: the external wire guiding piece (3) comprises an outer sleeve (31), a wire guiding block (32) and a partition plate (33) which are integrally connected, the outer sleeve (31) is located between the internal wire guiding piece (2) and the wire take-up piece (4), one side, close to the central axis of the outer sleeve (31), of the wire guiding block (32) is provided with an inclined plane, the tail end of the ligature (1) is clamped on the inclined plane, and the switching mechanism (5) is located on one side, close to the central axis of the outer sleeve (31), of the inclined plane; baffle (33) fixed connection is in outer sleeve (31) inside wall on set up slide (23) with baffle (33) assorted on inside wire spare (2) lateral wall, baffle (33) insert locate slide (23) and extend inside wire spare (2).

5. The device for automatic ligation of blood vessels in the abdominal cavity according to claim 2 or 4, wherein: the maximum included angle between the thread end (11) and the inclined plane is an acute angle.

6. The device according to claim 2 or 4, wherein: when the thread end (11) is in a vertical state, the partition plate (33) is positioned between the thread end (11) and the inclined plane.

7. The device according to claim 4, wherein: the outer end of the outer sleeve (31) is provided with a limiting convex ring (310), the limiting convex ring (310) is located on the outer sleeve (31) and close to the lead block (32), and the fixed point (1 a) is located between the limiting convex ring (310) and the wire collecting piece (4).

8. The device for automatic ligation of blood vessels in abdominal cavity according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the external lead part (3) is fixedly connected with a positioning column (30), the positioning column (30) is located on one side, away from the ligature (1), of the wire collecting part (4), the outer wall of the wire collecting part (4) is connected with a sleeve buckle (40) through a rotating shaft, and a through hole matched with the positioning column (30) is formed in the sleeve buckle (40).

9. The device for automatic ligation of blood vessels in abdominal cavity according to claim 1, wherein: the switching mechanism (5) comprises a first positioning part (51) and a second positioning part (52), wherein the second positioning part (52) is connected with an external lead member (3) and is in a hook shape; the first positioning part (51) is fixed with the inner conductor piece (2) and is provided with a through hole matched with the hook shape; the first positioning part (51) is positioned on one side of the second positioning part (52) far away from the ligature (1), and the first positioning part (51) and the second positioning part (52) can be mutually clamped.

10. The device according to claim 1, wherein: the ligature (1) is provided with at least one redundant part (10), and the redundant part (10) is located between two adjacent winding rings.

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