CN115799809A - Radar antenna system - Google Patents
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- CN115799809A CN115799809A CN202310053524.6A CN202310053524A CN115799809A CN 115799809 A CN115799809 A CN 115799809A CN 202310053524 A CN202310053524 A CN 202310053524A CN 115799809 A CN115799809 A CN 115799809A
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Abstract
The application provides a radar antenna system, includes: the radar radio frequency chip is used for generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal; the radar antennas are connected to the radio frequency chip, have a first polarization direction of electromagnetic waves and a second polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, and are used for transmitting the electromagnetic wave detection signals and receiving electromagnetic wave reflection signals reflected by a detection object according to the electromagnetic wave detection signals; the radar antenna board is used for mounting the radar radio frequency chip and the radar antenna; wherein the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave. Like this, can strengthen the interval degree between radar receiving and dispatching antenna, reduce receiving and dispatching signal's between the antenna interference to improved because of sheltering from the thing leads to radar antenna's antenna directional diagram distortion, the phenomenon of gain decline, thereby when making radar antenna sheltered from by sheltering from the thing such as antenna house, can have better communication effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of radar antennas, in particular to a radar antenna system.
Background
Radar mainly detects objects by emitting electromagnetic waves having a certain wavelength. Based on the reflection principle of electromagnetic waves, when the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the radar meet an obstacle, the electromagnetic waves are reflected by the obstacle. The radar can determine the detected distance, speed, orientation and other parameters by capturing the reflected electromagnetic wave and according to the strength, the time delay between transmitting and receiving and other parameters.
In the process of realizing the prior art, the inventor finds that:
when the radar antenna is shielded by the shielding object, the existence of the shielding object can generate certain influence on the generated directional diagram of the radar antenna, and the antenna gain of the radar antenna is reduced, so that the communication effect of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the radar antenna is reduced.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a technical solution for improving the antenna gain reduction phenomenon of the radar antenna when the radar antenna is shielded.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a radar antenna system, which is used for solving the technical problem that antenna gain is reduced because a radar antenna is shielded.
Specifically, a radar antenna system includes:
the radar radio frequency chip is used for generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal;
the radar antennas are connected to the radio frequency chip, have a first polarization direction of electromagnetic waves and a second polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, and are used for transmitting the electromagnetic wave detection signals and receiving electromagnetic wave reflection signals reflected by a detection object according to the electromagnetic wave detection signals;
the radar antenna board is used for mounting the radar radio frequency chip and the radar antenna;
wherein the radar antenna includes:
a first transmitting antenna unit for transmitting a first electromagnetic wave detection signal having a first polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave;
a first receiving antenna unit for receiving a first electromagnetic wave reflected signal reflected by a detection object according to the first electromagnetic wave detection signal;
a second transmitting antenna unit for transmitting a second electromagnetic wave detection signal having a second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave;
a second receiving antenna unit for receiving a second electromagnetic wave reflected signal reflected by the detection object according to the second electromagnetic wave detection signal;
the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave.
Further, the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a vertical polarization direction;
and the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves is a horizontal polarization direction.
Further, the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is + 45 ° polarization direction;
the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a polarization direction of-45 degrees.
Furthermore, when the radar antenna plate is a circular radar antenna plate, the first transmitting antenna unit, the first receiving antenna unit, the second transmitting antenna unit and the second receiving antenna unit are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner in the projection of the radar antenna plate based on the circle center of the radar antenna plate.
Further, when the radar antenna plate is a circular radar antenna plate, the projections of the first transmitting antenna unit, the first receiving antenna unit, the second transmitting antenna unit and the second receiving antenna unit on the radar antenna plate are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner based on the center of the radar antenna plate;
when the radar antenna plate is a ring-shaped radar antenna plate, the excircle with the first diameter and the inner circle with the second diameter are concentric;
and the circle center of the radar antenna plate is superposed with the circle center.
Further, the radar antenna has a cross-polarization ratio greater than 15 dB.
Further, the radar antenna system further includes: and the radar antenna housing is matched with the radar antenna plate to form a closed space and is used for covering the radar radio frequency chip and the radar antenna in the closed space.
Further, the thickness of the radome is calculated in the following manner:
d=λ/2；
in the formula, d is the thickness of the radome; λ is the dielectric wavelength of the radome material.
Further, the processing material of the radar antenna housing is a fiber resin composite material.
Further, the radar radio frequency chip is used for generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal, and is specifically used for: generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal of a millimeter wave.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the dual-polarized antenna with the orthogonal polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves, the spacing degree between the radar receiving and transmitting antennas can be enhanced, and the interference of the receiving and transmitting signals between the antennas can be reduced. Meanwhile, the phenomena of antenna directional diagram distortion and gain reduction of the radar antenna caused by the shielding object are improved, and therefore the radar antenna can have a good communication effect when being shielded by the shielding object such as the antenna housing.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar radome provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar antenna board according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is an antenna pattern of a single-polarized radar antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is an antenna pattern of a dual-polarized radar antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers in the figures denote:
100. a radar antenna system;
11. a radar radio frequency chip;
12. a radar antenna;
121. a first transmit antenna unit;
122. a first receiving antenna unit;
123. a second transmitting antenna unit;
124. a second receiving antenna unit;
13. a radar antenna panel;
14. a radome is provided.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It is understood that the radar antenna has a certain directivity when transmitting signals, and is understood as a directional antenna. Radar antennas have a higher directivity factor than omni-directional antennas. Moreover, the radar antenna has a certain antenna gain compared to an ideal non-directional point source transmitting antenna (reference antenna). Alternatively, a radar antenna can amplify input power several times in the maximum radiation direction compared to an ideal point source transmitting antenna without directivity. The antenna gain, which can be used to measure the ability of an antenna to transmit and receive signals in a particular direction, is one of the most important parameters for selecting an antenna. In practical application, however, when the radar antenna is blocked due to the existence of the obstacle, the width and the height of the obstacle have certain influence on a directional diagram of the radar antenna, so that the antenna gain is changed, and the communication effect of the radar antenna is reduced. For example, there are radomes through which electromagnetic waves can penetrate, shelters from objects such as the housing of the equipment being installed, and the like. In order to solve the technical problem that the antenna gain is reduced due to the fact that the radar antenna is shielded, the radar antenna system capable of emitting electromagnetic waves with different polarization directions is provided.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radar antenna system 100, including:
a radar radio frequency chip 11 for generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal;
a plurality of radar antennas 12 connected to the radar radio frequency chip 11 and having a first polarization direction of electromagnetic waves and a second polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, for transmitting the electromagnetic wave detection signal and for receiving an electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by a detection object according to the electromagnetic wave detection signal;
a radar antenna plate 13 for mounting a radar radio frequency chip 11 and a radar antenna 12;
wherein the radar antenna 12 comprises:
a first transmitting antenna unit 121 for transmitting a first electromagnetic wave detection signal having a first polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave;
a first receiving antenna unit 122 for receiving a first electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object according to the first electromagnetic wave detection signal;
a second transmitting antenna unit 123 for transmitting a second electromagnetic wave detection signal having a second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave;
a second receiving antenna unit 124 for receiving a second electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object according to the second electromagnetic wave detection signal;
the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave.
It is understood that radar mainly performs object detection by emitting electromagnetic waves having a certain wavelength. And, based on the reflection principle of electromagnetic wave, when the electromagnetic wave that the radar transmitted meets the barrier, can be reflected by it. In this case, the radar can determine the detected distance, speed and direction by capturing the reflected electromagnetic wave and based on the strength and the delay between transmission and reception.
And the radar radio frequency chip 11 is used for generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal. The electromagnetic wave detection signal can be understood as a radio frequency signal with a certain working frequency, which is modulated by the radar radio frequency chip 11, and takes an electromagnetic wave as an analog signal carrier and a transmission medium. When the electromagnetic wave detection signal generated by the radar rf chip 11 is transmitted to the antenna, the electromagnetic wave can be radiated.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the present application provides that the radar radio frequency chip 11 is configured to generate an electromagnetic wave detection signal, specifically to: generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal of a millimeter wave.
When the radar rf chip 11 generates a millimeter wave electromagnetic wave detection signal, the radar can be regarded as a millimeter wave radar. In practical application, the millimeter wave radar can transmit electromagnetic wave signals with the frequency of 30GHz to 300GHz and the wavelength of 10mm to 1 mm. The millimeter wave radar has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, high spatial resolution, strong smoke/dust penetration capability and strong anti-interference/anti-stealth capability. In particular, the millimeter wave radar can distinguish and identify small targets and can identify a plurality of targets simultaneously, so that the millimeter wave radar has strong imaging capability. And moreover, the device has small volume and good maneuverability and concealment, and can ensure that military equipment provided with the millimeter wave radar has stronger viability. Therefore, the radar radio frequency chip 11 in the present application preferably generates a millimeter wave electromagnetic wave detection signal. Thus, the radar antenna system 100 has strong anti-interference capability and imaging capability when the radar is shielded.
A plurality of radar antennas 12 connected to the radar radio frequency chip 11 and having a first polarization direction of electromagnetic waves and a second polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, for emitting electromagnetic wave detection signals and for receiving electromagnetic wave reflection signals reflected by a detection object according to the electromagnetic wave detection signals; the radar antenna 12 includes: a first transmitting antenna unit 121 for transmitting a first electromagnetic wave detection signal having a first polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave; a first receiving antenna unit 122 for receiving a first electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object according to the first electromagnetic wave detection signal; a second transmitting antenna unit 123 for transmitting a second electromagnetic wave detection signal having a second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave; a second receiving antenna unit 124 for receiving a second electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object according to the second electromagnetic wave detection signal; the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave.
It can be understood that the electromagnetic wave detection signal modulated by the radar rf chip 11 needs to be transmitted through the antenna. The radar antenna 12 is used for transmitting the modulated electromagnetic wave detection signal. When an obstacle exists, the radar can detect the obstacle. A detected object in this application is to be understood as an obstacle detected by radar. At this time, the electromagnetic wave detection signal is reflected by the detection object, returns to the radar, and is received via the radar antenna 12. The echo signal here is understood to be an electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object based on the electromagnetic wave detection signal.
However, in actual practice, the radar antenna 12 is inevitably shielded by an obstacle. For example, there is a radome, a shelter from objects such as the housing of the equipped device. Although the electromagnetic wave signal can penetrate through the shelter, the existence of the shelter can change the directional diagram of the antenna, influence the gain of the antenna and reduce the communication effect of the antenna system. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the obstruction on the communication effect of the radar antenna system 100, the radar antenna 12 provided by the present application can emit electromagnetic waves with two different polarization directions. Alternatively, it is also understood that the radar antenna 12 is a dual polarized antenna, including both polarizations. An antenna with two different polarization directions can be understood as a dual polarized antenna here. The polarization direction here can be understood as the direction of the electric field of the polarized electromagnetic wave. It is to be noted that when the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave does not coincide with the polarization characteristic of the receiving antenna, the strength of the signal received by the receiving antenna will decrease. I.e. there is a certain loss of polarization. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the polarization characteristics of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the radar antenna 12 uniform.
Specifically, the radar antenna 12 includes: a first transmitting antenna unit 121, a first receiving antenna unit 122, a second transmitting antenna unit 123, and a second receiving antenna unit 124. The first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 are respectively connected to the radar chip 11. In practical application, each antenna unit may be connected to the radar rf chip 11 by a microstrip routing. In detail, the first transmitting antenna unit 121 may be configured to transmit a first electromagnetic wave detection signal having a first polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave; the second transmitting antenna unit 123 may be used to transmit a second electromagnetic wave detection signal having a second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave. The first receiving antenna unit 122 is configured to receive a first electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object according to the first electromagnetic wave detection signal; the second receiving antenna unit 124 can be used for receiving a second electromagnetic wave reflection signal reflected by the detection object according to the second electromagnetic wave detection signal. The first transmitting antenna unit 121 and the second transmitting antenna unit 123 may be understood as transmitting antennas in the radar antenna 12. The first receiving antenna unit 122 and the second receiving antenna unit 124 may be understood as receiving antennas in the radar antenna 12. The first transmitting antenna element 121 and the first receiving antenna element 122 can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction. The second transmitting antenna element 123 and the second receiving antenna element 124 can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction. It is noted that the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave. Thus, the effect of the spacing between the antennas can be enhanced, and the interference of the transmitting and receiving signals between the antennas can be reduced. In practical application, a plurality of radar antennas 12 can be designed according to practical situations, and the specific direction of dual polarization in each radar antenna 12 can be flexibly designed according to practical situations. However, it is necessary to ensure that the two polarization directions of each radar antenna 12 are orthogonal.
The design of the dual-polarized antenna is adopted by the radar receiving and transmitting antenna, and the gain of the antenna is not reduced compared with the situation that the radar is not shielded by the shielding object through simulation test. Moreover, due to the layout design of the dual-polarized antenna, antenna directional diagrams can be complemented to a certain extent, so that the influence of antenna directional diagram distortion is solved, and the coverage requirement of the wide beam angle of the radar antenna 12 is met.
Further, in a preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a vertical polarization direction; the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a horizontal polarization direction.
The vertical polarization here can be understood as a linear polarization when the electric field vector of the electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to the ground. Horizontal polarization is understood here to mean linear polarization when the electric field vector is parallel to the ground. When the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a vertical polarization direction, the first transmitting antenna unit 121 and the first receiving antenna unit 122 can be regarded as vertical polarization antennas for transmitting and receiving the vertical polarization wave. Since the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave corresponds to horizontal polarization. The second transmitting antenna unit 123 and the second receiving antenna unit 124 can be regarded as horizontal polarization antennas, and are used for transmitting and receiving horizontal polarization waves.
It should be noted that due to the characteristics of the electric wave, a signal that determines horizontal polarization propagation generates a polarization current on the earth surface when approaching the earth. The polarization current is affected by the earth impedance, which generates heat energy to rapidly attenuate the electric field signal. However, the vertical polarization mode is not easy to generate polarization current, thereby avoiding the great attenuation of energy and ensuring the effective propagation of signals. By designing the radar antenna 12 compatible with the vertical polarization characteristic and the horizontal polarization characteristic, not only can effective signal transmission be ensured, but also the antenna spacing effect can be enhanced, and the antenna interference can be reduced.
Further, in a preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is + 45 ° polarization direction; the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a polarization direction of minus 45 degrees.
Here, the polarization of + 45 ° can be understood as a linear polarization when the electric field vector of the electromagnetic wave makes a positive 45 ° angle with the ground. Here-45 ° polarization is understood to be linear polarization with the electric field vector at an angle of minus 45 ° to the ground. When the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is + 45 ° polarization direction, the first transmitting antenna unit 121 and the first receiving antenna unit 122 can be regarded as + 45 ° polarization antennas for transmitting and receiving + 45 ° polarization waves. Since the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave corresponds to minus 45 °. The second transmitting antenna unit 123 and the second receiving antenna unit 124 can be regarded as-45 ° polarized antennas, and are used for transmitting and receiving-45 ° polarized waves.
It is noted that the use of dual polarized antennas, with horizontal polarization as well as vertical polarization, results in a large portion of the signal being received by the vertically polarized antenna. Horizontally polarized antennas receive fewer signals. But the adoption of a dual-polarized antenna with 45 degrees can effectively ensure diversity reception and balance the receiving capability of the receiving antenna in each polarization direction. Namely, the plus 45 degree antenna and the minus 45 degree antenna can be effectively used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Thus, the polarization diversity gain of the radar antenna 12 is improved on the basis of ensuring effective signal propagation.
And a radar antenna board 13 for mounting the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna 12. The radar antenna board 13 is understood to be a radar antenna base board with a certain shape for mounting and fixing the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna 12. The specific shape of the radar antenna plate 13 can be designed flexibly according to the actual use requirements. In practice, the shape of the conventional radar antenna plate 13 is circular, square, or other irregular shape. Moreover, the radar rf chip 11 and the radar antenna 12 may be designed at corresponding positions on the radar antenna board 13 according to actual design requirements.
Further, in the present application, in a preferred embodiment, when the radar antenna plate 13 is a circular radar antenna plate, the projections of the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 on the radar antenna plate 13 are distributed in a central symmetry manner based on a center of the radar antenna plate 13.
It is understood that when the radar antenna plate 13 is a circular radar antenna plate, the radar antenna plate 13 has a unique center. When the radar is shielded by the shielding object, in order to reduce the influence of the radar on the radar antenna directional diagram, it is preferable that the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 in the radar antenna 12 are centrally and symmetrically distributed on the radar antenna plate 13 based on the center of circle of the radar antenna plate 13. Through simulation test, the antenna distribution of the layout can improve the defects of antenna directional diagram distortion and gain reduction.
In practical applications, in order to improve the isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas in the radar antenna system 100, the maximum distance value may be used to determine the positions of the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 within the available size range of the radar antenna plate 13. The size range of the radar antenna plate 13 is understood to be the size range of the corresponding area of the radar antenna plate 13 where the radar antenna 12 can be installed.
Further, in the present application, in a preferred embodiment, when the radar antenna plate 13 is a circular radar antenna plate, the projections of the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 on the radar antenna plate 13 are distributed in a central symmetry manner based on the center of the circle of the radar antenna plate 13; when the radar antenna plate 13 is a circular radar antenna plate, the outer circle with the first diameter and the inner circle with the second diameter are concentric; the center of the circle of the radar antenna plate 13 coincides with the center of the circle.
It can be understood that, when the radar antenna plate 13 is a circular radar antenna plate, and the outer circle and the inner circle of the radar antenna plate 13 are concentric, the center of the circle of the radar antenna plate 13 coincides with the center of the outer circle and the center of the inner circle. Wherein the center of the ring can be understood as the center of the radar antenna plate 13. At this time, the radar antenna and the radar radio frequency chip 11 can be installed at the corresponding position of the annular radar antenna plate 13 according to actual requirements.
In consideration that the radar is shielded by the shielding object to affect the radar antenna directional diagram, the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 are preferably distributed in a centrosymmetric manner on the basis of the center of the radar antenna plate 13 in the present application. Through simulation test, the antenna distribution of the layout can improve the defects of antenna directional diagram distortion and gain reduction.
In practical applications, in order to improve the isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas in the radar antenna system 100, the positions of the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123 and the second receiving antenna unit 124 may be determined by taking the maximum distance value within the range of the size of the loop radar antenna plate 13. The size range of the radar antenna plate 13 is understood to be the size range of the corresponding area of the radar antenna plate 13 where the radar antenna 12 can be installed.
Further, in a preferred embodiment provided herein, the radar antenna 12 has a cross-polarization ratio greater than 15 dB.
It will be appreciated that cross-polarization ratio can be used to measure the polarization purity of a polarized antenna. The larger the cross polarization ratio is, the stronger the orthogonality of signals obtained from the antenna is, the smaller the correlation between two paths of signals is, and the better the polarization effect is. Therefore, the radar antenna 12 in the present application needs to have a cross-polarization ratio better than 15 dB. Thus, the orthogonality between the electromagnetic wave signals in the first polarization direction and the electromagnetic wave signals in the second polarization direction can be effectively ensured, and the correlation is reduced, so that the radar antenna 12 has a better polarization effect. In practice, to optimize the cross-polarization ratio of radar antenna 12, ground vias may be added around the antenna.
Further, in a preferred embodiment provided in the present application, the radar antenna system 100 further includes: and the radar antenna housing 14 is matched with the radar antenna plate 13 to form a closed space and is used for covering the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna in the closed space.
The radome 14 herein can be understood as a housing of the radar antenna system 100, so as to ensure that the structures such as the radar rf chip 11, the radar antenna 12, etc. installed therein are protected from wind, sand, rain, snow, hail, and can alleviate the influence of environmental conditions such as sudden air temperature change, solar radiation, humidity, salt fog, etc. on the antenna system. The antenna housing needs to have the characteristics of sufficient mechanical strength, good heat insulation performance, pneumatic appearance improvement and the like.
Under the combined action of the radar antenna plate 13 and the radar antenna cover 14, a closed space can be formed, and the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna 12 are contained. That is, the radome 14 may cover the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna 12 in an enclosed space formed by the radar antenna plate 13 and the radome 14. Therefore, the structures such as the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna 12 can be effectively protected from the external environment.
In practical applications, the specific shape, thickness and material of the radome 14 may be designed according to the actual use requirements of the radar antenna system 100. For example, the radome 14 may be designed into a funnel shape, a bird nest shape, etc. according to actual use requirements. Or, according to actual use requirements, materials such as high silica glass fibers, quartz fibers, polyethylene fibers, cyanate ester resin and the like are selected for processing the radome 14.
Further, in a preferred embodiment provided in the present application, the material for processing the radome 14 is a fiber resin composite material.
It is understood that, based on the high operating frequency of the radar antenna system 100, the radome 14 should have high wave-transmitting rate, low reflection, and high power resistance. Moreover, the radome 14 also needs to have high mechanical strength, good thermal insulation performance, reasonable aerodynamic configuration, and the like. In consideration of the aspects of diversity of the processing shape, processing cost, processing difficulty and the like of the radome 14 in practical application, the fiber resin composite material is preferably selected for processing the radome 14. For example, fiber resin composite materials such as quartz fiber/cyanate ester composite materials, glass fiber/cyanate ester composite materials, and quartz fiber/epoxy resin composite materials can be selected for processing the radome. In practical application, the fiber resin composite material with the dielectric constant of 2-4 is generally selected for processing the antenna housing.
Compared with the traditional radome made of resin or fiber, the radome is made of the fiber resin composite material, so that the dielectric loss of the radome can be reduced, and the radome has excellent dielectric properties. Moreover, the radome 14 processed by the fiber resin composite material has high mechanical strength, high wave-transmitting rate and low emissivity, and is beneficial to transmission of electromagnetic wave signals.
Further, in a preferred embodiment provided herein, the thickness of the radome 14 is calculated by: d = λ/2; in the formula, d is the thickness of the radome; λ is the dielectric wavelength of the radome material.
Through the test, process the thickness of lambda/2 with the antenna house, can effectively promote the wave-transparent rate of antenna house to can effectively reduce its processing degree of difficulty. Wherein λ is the medium wavelength of the radome material.
In one embodiment provided herein, referring to fig. 2-3, when the radome 14 is designed as a honeycomb sandwich radome (including an inner radome layer and an outer radome layer) as shown in fig. 2, the radome plate 13 is designed to have a circular ring shape (outer radius 21mm, inner radius 9 mm). The radome 14 is made of a fiber resin composite material, and the processing thickness d is lambda/2. Under the cooperation of the radome 14 and the radar antenna plate 13, an enclosed space is formed to isolate the radar radio frequency chip 11 and the radar antenna 12 mounted on the radar antenna plate 13 from the external environment.
The positions of the radar rf chip 11 and the radar antenna 12 in the radar antenna plate 13 are arranged as shown in fig. 3, and the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 are distributed in a central symmetry manner based on the center of the loop (center) of the loop radar antenna plate 13. Wherein, the size of each antenna unit is 1.3mm in length and 2mm in width. The radar rf chip 11 is connected to the first transmitting antenna unit 121, the first receiving antenna unit 122, the second transmitting antenna unit 123, and the second receiving antenna unit 124 by microstrip lines.
Specifically, the first transmitting antenna unit 121 is located on the left side of the radar antenna panel 13, and can transmit an electromagnetic wave detection signal having a vertical polarization direction, and can compensate for energy loss blocked by the second transmitting antenna unit 123 on the right side. The second transmitting antenna unit 123 is located at the right side of the radar antenna panel 13, and can transmit an electromagnetic wave detection signal having a horizontal polarization direction, and can compensate for energy loss blocked by the first transmitting antenna unit 121 at the left side. The first receiving antenna unit 122, which is located on the left side of the radar antenna panel 13, can receive the electromagnetic wave detection signal with the vertical polarization direction, and can compensate for the energy loss blocked by the second receiving antenna unit 124 on the right side. The second receiving antenna unit 124 is located at the right side of the radar antenna panel 13, and can receive the electromagnetic wave detection signal with the horizontal polarization direction, and can compensate the energy loss blocked by the first receiving antenna unit 122 at the left side.
When the radar rf chip 11 generates millimeter electromagnetic wave detection signals, the electromagnetic wave detection signals having both a vertical polarization direction (a first polarization direction) and a horizontal polarization direction (a second polarization direction) can be transmitted through the first transmitting antenna unit 121 and the second transmitting antenna unit 123 of the radar antenna 12. After the reflection of the detected object, the first receiving antenna unit 122 and the second receiving antenna unit 124 will correspondingly receive the corresponding echo signals.
The radar antenna 12 using vertical polarization and horizontal polarization has a characteristic of high isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and improves the problems of antenna pattern distortion and gain reduction. Specifically, referring to fig. 4-5, the dual-polarized transmitting antenna in the embodiment synthesizes a directional pattern, and compared with a directional pattern of a single-polarized antenna, no obvious directional pattern distortion occurs, and the design requirement of a wide beam is met.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, having an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another like element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A radar antenna system, comprising:
the radar radio frequency chip is used for generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal;
the radar antennas are connected to the radio frequency chip, have a first polarization direction of electromagnetic waves and a second polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, and are used for transmitting the electromagnetic wave detection signals and receiving electromagnetic wave reflection signals reflected by a detection object according to the electromagnetic wave detection signals;
the radar antenna board is used for mounting the radar radio frequency chip and the radar antenna;
wherein the radar antenna includes:
a first transmitting antenna unit for transmitting a first electromagnetic wave detection signal having a first polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave;
a first receiving antenna unit for receiving a first electromagnetic wave reflected signal reflected by a detection object according to the first electromagnetic wave detection signal;
a second transmitting antenna unit for transmitting a second electromagnetic wave detection signal having a second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave;
a second receiving antenna unit for receiving a second electromagnetic wave reflected signal reflected by the detection object based on the second electromagnetic wave detection signal;
the electromagnetic wave first polarization direction is orthogonal to the electromagnetic wave second polarization direction.
2. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves is a vertical polarization direction;
the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a horizontal polarization direction.
3. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave first polarization direction is a + 45 ° polarization direction;
the second polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is a polarization direction of-45 degrees.
4. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein when the radar antenna board is a circular radar antenna board, the projections of the first transmitting antenna unit, the first receiving antenna unit, the second transmitting antenna unit, and the second receiving antenna unit on the radar antenna board are distributed in a central symmetry manner based on a center of the radar antenna board.
5. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein when the radar antenna plate is a circular radar antenna plate, the projections of the first transmitting antenna unit, the first receiving antenna unit, the second transmitting antenna unit, and the second receiving antenna unit on the radar antenna plate are distributed in a central symmetry manner based on a center of a circle of the radar antenna plate;
when the radar antenna plate is a ring-shaped radar antenna plate, the excircle with the first diameter and the inner circle with the second diameter are concentric;
and the circle center of the radar antenna plate is superposed with the circle center.
6. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein the radar antenna has a cross-polarization ratio greater than 15 dB.
7. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein the radar antenna system further comprises:
and the radar antenna housing is matched with the radar antenna plate to form a closed space, and is used for covering the radar radio frequency chip and the radar antenna in the closed space.
8. The radar antenna system of claim 7, wherein the thickness of the radome is calculated by:
d=λ/2；
in the formula, d is the thickness of the radome; λ is the dielectric wavelength of the radome material.
9. The radar antenna system of claim 7, wherein the radome is fabricated from a fiber resin composite material.
10. The radar antenna system of claim 1, wherein the radar radio frequency chip is configured to generate electromagnetic wave detection signals, in particular to:
generating an electromagnetic wave detection signal of a millimeter wave.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310053524.6A CN115799809A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Radar antenna system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310053524.6A CN115799809A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Radar antenna system |
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| CN115799809A true CN115799809A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105764332A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2016-07-13 | i4c创新公司 | Animal health and wellness monitoring using UWB radar |
| CN112055916A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2020-12-08 | 罗宾雷达设备有限公司 | Radar system comprising two radar antenna modules positioned back-to-back and radar system accommodating antenna modules with cavity slotted waveguide antenna arrays for radiating and receiving radar wave signals |
| US20220057476A1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-02-24 | Google Llc | Electromagnetic Vector Sensors for a Smart-Device-Based Radar System |
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2023
- 2023-02-03 CN CN202310053524.6A patent/CN115799809A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105764332A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2016-07-13 | i4c创新公司 | Animal health and wellness monitoring using UWB radar |
| CN112055916A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2020-12-08 | 罗宾雷达设备有限公司 | Radar system comprising two radar antenna modules positioned back-to-back and radar system accommodating antenna modules with cavity slotted waveguide antenna arrays for radiating and receiving radar wave signals |
| US20220057476A1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-02-24 | Google Llc | Electromagnetic Vector Sensors for a Smart-Device-Based Radar System |
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Application publication date: 20230314 |