CN115798427A - Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115798427A
CN115798427A CN202211460435.5A CN202211460435A CN115798427A CN 115798427 A CN115798427 A CN 115798427A CN 202211460435 A CN202211460435 A CN 202211460435A CN 115798427 A CN115798427 A CN 115798427A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
display screen
backlight
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202211460435.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王治玺
陈秋良
李志成
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Truly Semiconductors Ltd
Original Assignee
Truly Semiconductors Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Truly Semiconductors Ltd filed Critical Truly Semiconductors Ltd
Priority to CN202211460435.5A priority Critical patent/CN115798427A/en
Publication of CN115798427A publication Critical patent/CN115798427A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, a display module and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the temperature of the liquid crystal display screen is not higher than a preset temperature value or not by acquiring the environmental temperature of the liquid crystal display screen; if the temperature is not higher than the preset temperature value, further acquiring the brightness value of the environment where the liquid crystal display screen is located; judging whether the environment brightness value is daytime or not according to the environment brightness value, if so, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset second Gamma configuration value, and configuring the maximum backlight power for heating the liquid crystal display screen; judging whether the brightness is at night or not according to the environment brightness value, if so, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset third Gamma configuration value, and configuring the maximum backlight power for heating the liquid crystal display screen; and the second Gamma configuration value and the third Gamma configuration value are not higher than the first Gamma configuration value. According to the invention, the backlight power is increased, the backlight power is conducted to the display screen for heating, the light transmittance is adjusted by utilizing the Gamma curve, and the brightness of the display screen is basically kept unchanged.

Description

Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display screens, in particular to a liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, a display module and electronic equipment.
Background
In the prior art, when the environmental temperature is too low, the characteristics of the liquid crystal material change, for example, at-20 ℃, the response time can be improved to more than 500ms, the crystal lattice crystallization can be seriously caused, the display cannot normally work, and great potential safety hazards are brought. At present, the technical problems are solved in the industry, one method is to apply wide-temperature liquid crystal, and the defects are that the cost is high, and certain performance parameters are reduced at normal temperature; another solution is to add heating means, with the disadvantage of increased volume and cost. Therefore, a method for heating and adjusting the brightness of the liquid crystal display screen is urgently needed, and the problems in the prior art can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heating method of a liquid crystal display screen in a low-temperature environment and a corresponding module aiming at the defects of the prior art, the heating function is realized under the condition that components are not added, the heating value of an LED is increased after the backlight power is increased by increasing the backlight power, and the generated heat is conducted to the liquid crystal display screen through air for heating. After the backlight power is increased, the brightness of the backlight is increased, and if the configuration parameters of the display screen are not changed, the brightness of the picture is suddenly increased.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the method for heating and adjusting the brightness of the liquid crystal display screen comprises the following steps:
acquiring the ambient temperature of the liquid crystal display screen, judging whether the temperature of the liquid crystal display screen is not higher than a preset temperature value, and if not, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset first Gamma configuration value;
if the temperature is not higher than the preset temperature value, further acquiring the brightness value of the environment where the liquid crystal display screen is located;
judging whether the environment brightness value is in the daytime or not according to the environment brightness value, and configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset second Gamma configuration value if the environment brightness value is in the daytime; adjusting the power of a backlight LED, and configuring the maximum backlight power to heat the liquid crystal display screen;
judging whether the brightness is at night or not according to the environment brightness value, and configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset third Gamma configuration value if the brightness is at night; adjusting the power of a backlight LED, and configuring the maximum backlight power to heat the liquid crystal display screen;
and the second Gamma configuration value and the third Gamma configuration value are not higher than the first Gamma configuration value.
As the preferred technical scheme, the liquid crystal display comprises an LED backlight lamp panel and a backlight bracket.
As a preferred technical scheme, one side of the LED backlight lamp plate comprises an NTC resistor, and the NTC resistor is used for detecting the ambient temperature.
As a preferred technical scheme, the liquid crystal display screen is a TFT liquid crystal display screen.
In a second aspect, a display module is provided, which includes a processing control module, a liquid crystal display module and a housing, wherein the processing control module includes an MCU, a display screen interface, a backlight driver, a backlight interface, and a light sensor; the liquid crystal display module comprises a liquid crystal display screen and a backlight LED, the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the processing control module through a display screen interface, and the backlight LED is connected with the processing control module through a backlight interface.
As a preferred technical solution, the liquid crystal display panel includes a driving IC, the driving IC includes a register, and the register can store the first Gamma configuration value, the second Gamma configuration value, and the third Gamma configuration value.
Preferably, the light sensor passes through the housing to detect the ambient brightness.
As a preferred technical scheme, the light sensor triggers the MCU, and the MCU configures the driver IC to invoke the first Gamma configuration value, the second Gamma configuration value, or the third Gamma configuration value stored in the register, so as to configure the corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display.
As a preferred technical scheme, the backlight driving adjusts the power of the backlight LED through a backlight interface, outputs the maximum power, and heats the liquid crystal display screen through photothermal conversion.
In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes the display module as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: according to the invention, by increasing the backlight power, the heat productivity of the LED is increased, and the generated heat is conducted to the liquid crystal display screen for heating through air. However, after the backlight power is increased, the luminance of the backlight is increased, and if the configuration parameters of the display screen are not changed, the screen luminance is suddenly increased, so that the function of adjusting the Gamma curve ensures that the luminance of the display screen is not suddenly changed. And (3) combining ambient brightness detection, distinguishing the day and the night, configuring a preset Gamma value, configuring the input voltage of the display screen, and adjusting the brightness of the display screen. According to the liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, the liquid crystal display screen is heated under the condition that the heating assembly is not additionally arranged, meanwhile, the brightness of the display screen is basically kept unchanged, and the practicability is high.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for heating and adjusting brightness of a liquid crystal display screen according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a backlight structure of a liquid crystal display panel according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a display module according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic front structure view of a display module according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic side view of a display module according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
a processing control module 1; an MCU11; a display screen interface 12; a backlight driver 13; a backlight interface 14; a light sensor 15; a liquid crystal display module 2; a liquid crystal display panel 21; a driver IC22; a register 221; a backlight LED23; NTC3; a backlight panel 4; a housing 5; a control panel 6; a backlight 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the method for heating the liquid crystal display screen by improving the backlight power, the brightness of the backlight LED can be increased after the backlight power is improved, and if the configuration parameters of the display screen are not changed, the brightness of the picture can be suddenly increased.
V0-V255 in Gamma in the configuration parameters of the driving IC of the display screen correspond to 256 divided voltages of the driving voltage, so the light transmission quantity can be influenced by setting V0-V255 of Gamma. When the backlight brightness is improved, the values of V0-V255 are correspondingly reduced, namely, another Gamma configuration is selected to reduce the light transmission amount, so that the brightness of the display picture is basically kept unchanged.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for heating and adjusting brightness of a liquid crystal display panel 21 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention includes:
and S10, lighting the liquid crystal display screen 21, judging whether the temperature of the liquid crystal display screen 21 is not higher than a preset temperature value or not by acquiring the environment temperature of the liquid crystal display screen 21, and if not, configuring corresponding voltage input for the backlight of the liquid crystal display screen 21 based on a preset first Gamma configuration value. The preset first Gamma configuration value is the Gamma configuration value corresponding to the default voltage dividing value when the liquid crystal display screen 21 displays normally.
Preferably, the liquid crystal display panel 21 includes an LED backlight panel 4 and a backlight bracket. The liquid crystal display 21 is a TFT liquid crystal display 21.
As shown in fig. 2, preferably, one side of the LED backlight panel 4 includes an NTC3 resistor, and the NTC3 resistor is used for detecting the ambient temperature. The NTC3 resistance decreases exponentially with the temperature rise, and has a thermistor phenomenon and a material with a negative temperature coefficient. As shown in fig. 3, the relationship change between the temperature and the resistance value of the NTC3 resistor is shown, and in practical applications, the temperature value corresponding to the resistance value is generally searched by a table lookup method.
And S20, if the temperature is not higher than the preset temperature value, further acquiring the brightness value of the environment where the liquid crystal display screen 21 is located.
S30, judging whether the environment brightness value is in the daytime or not according to the environment brightness value, and configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen 21 based on a preset second Gamma configuration value if the environment brightness value is in the daytime; the power of the backlight LED23 is increased, the maximum backlight power is configured, and the light and heat are converted into the liquid crystal display screen 21 for heating.
S40, judging whether the brightness is at night or not according to the environment brightness value, and if so, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen 21 based on a preset third Gamma configuration value; the power of the backlight LED23 is increased, the maximum backlight power is configured, and the light and heat are converted into the liquid crystal display screen 21 for heating.
It should be noted that the above method steps are not intended to limit the execution order of the steps, and in fact, some steps may be executed simultaneously or in the reverse order of the steps, which is not limited herein.
When the detected ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature, the backlight power is required to be increased for heating, and the backlight brightness is correspondingly increased, so that the second Gamma configuration value and the third Gamma configuration value are not higher than the first Gamma configuration value, thereby reducing the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display screen 21 and keeping the screen brightness of the display screen unchanged.
The inventor finds that the defects in the prior art are mainly caused by the following reasons in the process of implementing the application:
the NTC3 resistance temperature measurement is a mature technical scheme, and at present, the method for solving the problem of heating the display screen in a low-temperature environment comprises the steps of increasing manufacturing processes or improving the heating efficiency of the liquid crystal display screen 21, and the production efficiency and the manufacturing cost can be improved in structural design and production and manufacturing.
Therefore, the scheme of the application is designed and optimized mainly from the following aspects:
liquid crystal becomes inert in a low-temperature environment, and is an inherent property of a material, and the liquid crystal is difficult to deflect at a deflection angle in the low-temperature environment, so that the display of a picture is influenced, and the use is influenced. In order to solve the problem, the inventor adopts the scheme to improve the temperature of the display screen.
The invention is different from the prior technical scheme, improves the backlight power, distributes the heating LEDs in the liquid crystal backlight plate, heats the liquid crystal in a short distance by photo-thermal conversion, has high integration level, does not influence the appearance of the display screen, does not occupy space, and integrates the display screen with heating.
However, since the brightness is increased with the increase of the backlight power, in order to keep the brightness substantially constant, the brightness of the liquid crystal display 21 is adjusted based on the Gamma curve, so that the display cannot be suddenly brightened while heating is ensured.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3-5, the present embodiment provides a display module, which includes a processing control module 1, a liquid crystal display module 2, and a housing 5, where the processing control module 1 includes an MCU11, a display screen interface 12, a backlight driver 13, a backlight interface 14, and a light sensor 15; the liquid crystal display module 2 comprises a liquid crystal display screen 21, a backlight 7 is arranged on the back of the liquid crystal display screen 21, a backlight LED23 is arranged on the backlight 7, the liquid crystal display screen 21 is connected with the processing control module 1 through a display screen interface 12, and the backlight LED23 is connected with the processing control module 1 through a backlight interface 14. Wherein, the processing control module 1 is arranged on the control panel 6 of the display module.
Preferably, the liquid crystal display panel 21 includes a driving IC22, the driving IC22 includes a register 221, and the register 221 is capable of storing the first Gamma configuration value, the second Gamma configuration value, and the third Gamma configuration value as described above.
Preferably, the light sensor 15 detects the brightness of the external environment through the housing 5. Whether the environment of the liquid crystal display screen 21 is daytime or night needs to be judged, and because the required brightness of the display screen is different in daytime or night, a more appropriate Gamma value is configured to input corresponding voltage to the liquid crystal display screen 21 through judgment.
Preferably, the light sensor 15 triggers the MCU11, and the MCU11 configures the driver IC22 to call the first Gamma configuration value, the second Gamma configuration value, or the third Gamma configuration value stored in the register 221 to configure the corresponding voltage input for the lcd panel 21.
Preferably, the backlight driver 13 adjusts the power of the backlight LED23 through the backlight interface 14, outputs the maximum power, and heats the liquid crystal display panel 21 through photothermal conversion.
Example 3
This embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes the display module as in embodiment 2. The electronic device in this embodiment exists in various forms, including but not limited to:
the mobile communication terminal is characterized by having a mobile communication function, and the terminal mainly comprises a smart phone, a digital phone and the like.
Personal computing devices, which have computing and processing capabilities, also typically have mobile networking features. Such terminals include: MID, PDA, and UMPC devices, etc., such as ipads.
And some audio and video players such as electronic dictionaries, electronic books, handheld game consoles, smart toys, and some car-mounted devices.

Claims (10)

1. The method for heating and adjusting the brightness of the liquid crystal display screen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the ambient temperature of the liquid crystal display screen, judging whether the temperature of the liquid crystal display screen is not higher than a preset temperature value or not, and if not, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset first Gamma configuration value;
if the temperature is not higher than the preset temperature value, further acquiring the brightness value of the environment where the liquid crystal display screen is located;
judging whether the environment brightness value is in the daytime or not according to the environment brightness value, and if the environment brightness value is in the daytime, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset second Gamma configuration value; adjusting the power of a backlight LED, and configuring the maximum backlight power to heat the liquid crystal display screen;
judging whether the brightness value is at night or not according to the environment brightness value, and if so, configuring corresponding voltage input for the liquid crystal display screen based on a preset third Gamma configuration value; adjusting the power of a backlight LED, and configuring the maximum backlight power to heat the liquid crystal display screen;
and the second Gamma configuration value and the third Gamma configuration value are not higher than the first Gamma configuration value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display comprises an LED backlight panel and a backlight bracket.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein one side of the LED backlight panel comprises an NTC resistor, and the NTC resistor is used to detect the ambient temperature.
4. The method for heating and adjusting brightness of a liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is a TFT liquid crystal display panel.
5. A display module is characterized by comprising a processing control module, a liquid crystal display module and a shell, wherein the processing control module comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), a display screen interface, a backlight driver, a backlight interface and a light sensor; the liquid crystal display module comprises a liquid crystal display screen and a backlight LED, the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the processing control module through the display screen interface, and the backlight LED is connected with the processing control module through the backlight interface.
6. A display module according to claim 5, wherein the LCD comprises a driver IC, the driver IC comprising a register capable of storing the first, second and third Gamma values according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. The display module of claim 5, wherein the light sensor detects the ambient light through the housing.
8. The display module according to claim 5, wherein the light sensor triggers the MCU, and the MCU configures the driver IC to call the first Gamma configuration value, the second Gamma configuration value, or the third Gamma configuration value stored in the register to configure a corresponding voltage input for the LCD.
9. The display module as claimed in claim 8, wherein the backlight driver adjusts the power of the backlight LED through the backlight interface, outputs the maximum power, and heats the liquid crystal display screen through photothermal conversion.
10. An electronic device comprising the display module according to any one of claims 5 to 9.
CN202211460435.5A 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment Pending CN115798427A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211460435.5A CN115798427A (en) 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211460435.5A CN115798427A (en) 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115798427A true CN115798427A (en) 2023-03-14

Family

ID=85439678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211460435.5A Pending CN115798427A (en) 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115798427A (en)

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102328592A (en) * 2011-07-28 2012-01-25 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Low-temperature heating system of liquid crystal display screen of automotive combined instrument
CN102737603A (en) * 2012-06-26 2012-10-17 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Liquid crystal display (LCD) screen display method and device for display of LCD screen
DE102012204154A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for operating display device mounted in vehicle, involves increasing amount of heat generated by backlight, audio amplifier, graphic processor and electronic component, so as to heat liquid crystal element
US20150185545A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device, motorcycle including same, and method of using same
TWI543144B (en) * 2015-04-17 2016-07-21 晶達光電股份有限公司 Lcd heating control system and method thereof
CN105869581A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-08-17 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 Driving circuit of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LCD device
CN106094304A (en) * 2016-06-18 2016-11-09 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 A kind of liquid crystal display screen automatic heating control method under low temperature environment
CN106814486A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 Can low temperature display LCD screen and its heating means
CN108806633A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-11-13 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 The start-up control method and liquid crystal display device of liquid crystal display device
CN109580028A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-05 上海帆声图像科技有限公司 Heat up measurement method inside display screen
CN110675769A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-10 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Display device and electronic apparatus
JP2021076652A (en) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-20 株式会社デンソー Display device

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102328592A (en) * 2011-07-28 2012-01-25 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Low-temperature heating system of liquid crystal display screen of automotive combined instrument
DE102012204154A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for operating display device mounted in vehicle, involves increasing amount of heat generated by backlight, audio amplifier, graphic processor and electronic component, so as to heat liquid crystal element
CN102737603A (en) * 2012-06-26 2012-10-17 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Liquid crystal display (LCD) screen display method and device for display of LCD screen
US20150185545A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device, motorcycle including same, and method of using same
TWI543144B (en) * 2015-04-17 2016-07-21 晶達光電股份有限公司 Lcd heating control system and method thereof
CN106814486A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 Can low temperature display LCD screen and its heating means
CN105869581A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-08-17 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 Driving circuit of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LCD device
CN106094304A (en) * 2016-06-18 2016-11-09 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 A kind of liquid crystal display screen automatic heating control method under low temperature environment
CN108806633A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-11-13 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 The start-up control method and liquid crystal display device of liquid crystal display device
CN109580028A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-05 上海帆声图像科技有限公司 Heat up measurement method inside display screen
CN110675769A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-10 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Display device and electronic apparatus
JP2021076652A (en) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-20 株式会社デンソー Display device

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101404144B (en) Electronic device with automatic brightness adjustment function
US6947017B1 (en) Dynamic brightness range for portable computer displays based on ambient conditions
EP3726520A1 (en) Displays with adjustable direct-lit backlight units
KR100811352B1 (en) Area lighting device and liquid crystal display device having the same
CN1680999A (en) Brightness control system
US20090079721A1 (en) Dynamic brightness range for portable computer displays based on ambient conditions
US8334866B2 (en) Methods, systems, devices and components for reducing power consumption in an LCD backlit by LEDs
US10964275B2 (en) Displays with adjustable direct-lit backlight units and adaptive processing
US20080259198A1 (en) Portable electronic device and method for adjusting backlight thereof
US10571744B1 (en) Displays with adjustable direct-lit backlight units and power consumption compensation
US20100277452A1 (en) Mobile display control system
US20140198084A1 (en) Method and system for display brightness and color optimization
WO2017096567A1 (en) Backlight circuit, electronic device and backlight adjustment method
JP2002258281A (en) Liquid crystal display, luminance adjusting device and display device
JP2007148095A (en) Liquid crystal display device
US10170080B2 (en) Electronic device having ancillary display with color control
KR101872031B1 (en) Display device
CN115798427A (en) Liquid crystal display screen heating and brightness adjusting method, display module and electronic equipment
US20120105491A1 (en) STRUCTURE FOR ADJUSTING BACKLIGHT bRIGHTNESS OF ELECTRONIC APPARATUS
CN202189539U (en) Adaptive adjustment LED (light-emitting diode) backlight circuit
US10527876B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device
TWI406169B (en) Electronic device and its automatic control method
US7372523B2 (en) Display apparatuses having layered liquid crystal displays
JP2012181466A (en) Liquid crystal panel device
CN110197648B (en) Display device and driving method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination