CN115793146A - Polarization beam splitting and combining mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer, which comprises a substrate, a beam splitting and combining unit and a steering unit, wherein the beam splitting and combining unit and the beam combining unit are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the substrate, and the emergent end of the beam splitting and combining unit and the incident end of the beam combining unit are positioned on the same side of the substrate; the edge of the substrate is provided with the steering unit, so that the combined beam light combined by the beam combining and combining unit can be incident into the beam splitting and combining unit for beam splitting, and the normal use of the beam splitting and combining mixer is ensured while the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is smaller.

Description

Polarization beam splitting and combining mixer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer.

Background

The optical fiber polarization beam splitting and combining mixer integrates the functions of polarization beam splitting and polarization beam combining, and has important application in the aspects of optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensors, biomedical instruments, metering instruments and the like. The polarization beam splitting and combining device based on the fused biconical taper needs to weld optical fibers in series under the condition of multiple paths, and achieves the effects of 1 minute 2, 2 minutes 4, 4 minutes 8, 2 minutes 2, 2 minutes 4 and 2 minutes 8.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of higher loss, higher extinction ratio attenuation and larger volume of a polarized light beam splitting and combining device based on fused biconical taper in the prior art, the invention provides a polarized light beam splitting and combining mixer.

The invention discloses a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer which comprises a substrate, a beam combining and combining unit, a beam splitting and combining unit and a steering unit, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, the beam combining and combining unit is arranged on the first surface, the beam splitting and combining unit is arranged on the second surface, the steering unit is arranged on one side of the substrate, an emergent end of the beam splitting and combining unit and an incident end of the beam combining and combining unit are both positioned on the other side of the substrate, and combined light after being combined by the beam combining and combining unit is incident into the beam splitting and combining unit through the steering unit to be split.

Preferably, the beam combining and combining unit comprises an N-input module and a beam combining module, the beam splitting and combining unit comprises an M-input module and an M-output module, both M and N are greater than or equal to 2, N-beam input light entering from the N-input module enters the beam combining module, combined beam light after being combined by the beam combining module enters the beam splitting module through the steering unit, and M-beam split light after being split by the beam splitting module enters the M-output module and is output.

Furthermore, the N input and output module comprises a first collimator, a second collimator, a third collimator and a fourth collimator, the beam combining module comprises a first reflector, a first beam combining piece, a second beam combining piece, a third beam combining piece and a second reflector, the first collimator, the second collimator, the third collimator and the fourth collimator are sequentially arranged at one end, far away from the steering unit, of the first surface, the first reflector, the first beam combining piece, the second beam combining piece, the third beam combining piece and the second reflector are all arranged on the first surface, the first reflector is arranged corresponding to the first collimator, the first beam combining piece is arranged corresponding to the second collimator, and the second beam combining piece is arranged corresponding to the steering unit, the third beam combining part is arranged corresponding to the third collimator, the second reflector is arranged corresponding to the fourth collimator, the first reflector comprises a first reflecting surface, the first beam combining part comprises a first transmitting surface and a first beam combining surface, the second beam combining part comprises a second transmitting surface and a second beam combining surface, the third beam combining part comprises a third transmitting surface and a third beam combining surface, the second reflector comprises a second reflecting surface, the first reflecting surface and the first beam combining surface are arranged oppositely, the first beam combining surface and the second transmitting surface are arranged oppositely, the second reflecting surface and the third transmitting surface are arranged oppositely, the third beam combining surface and the second beam combining surface are arranged oppositely, and the second beam combining surface and the steering unit are arranged oppositely; the first collimated light entering through the first collimator enters the first reflecting surface, is reflected on the first reflecting surface, enters the first beam combining surface and is reflected on the first beam combining surface; the second collimated light entering through the second collimator enters the first transmission surface, enters the first beam combining piece, exits from the first beam combining surface, and is combined with the first collimated light reflected on the first beam combining surface into first combined light; the first combined beam enters the second beam combining piece after being incident on the second transmission surface and then exits from the second beam combining surface; fourth collimated light entering through the fourth collimator enters the second reflecting surface, is reflected on the second reflecting surface and then enters the third transmitting surface, enters the inside of the third beam combining piece and then exits from the third beam combining surface; third collimated light entering through the third collimator enters a third beam combining surface, and is reflected on the third beam combining surface to be combined with fourth emergent collimated light into second combined light; the second combined beam enters the second combined beam surface, is reflected on the second combined beam surface and is combined with the emergent first combined beam into a third combined beam, and the third combined beam enters the steering unit.

Furthermore, the M input and output module comprises a fifth collimator, a sixth collimator, a seventh collimator and an eighth collimator, the fraction module comprises a third reflector, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter and a fourth reflector, the fifth collimator, the sixth collimator, the seventh collimator and the eighth collimator are sequentially arranged on one end of the second surface far away from the steering unit, the third reflector, the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the third beam splitter and the fourth reflector are arranged on the second surface, the third reflector and the fifth collimator are correspondingly arranged, the first beam splitter and the sixth collimator are correspondingly arranged, and the second beam splitter and the steering unit are correspondingly arranged, the third beam splitter is arranged corresponding to the seventh collimator, the fourth reflector is arranged corresponding to the eighth collimator, the third reflector comprises a third reflecting surface, the first beam splitter comprises a first beam splitter surface and a first emergent surface, the second beam splitter comprises a second beam splitter surface and a second emergent surface, the third beam splitter comprises a third beam splitter surface and a third emergent surface, the fourth reflector comprises a fourth reflecting surface, the third reflecting surface and the first beam splitter surface are arranged oppositely, the first beam splitter surface and the second emergent surface are arranged oppositely, the second beam splitter surface and the steering unit are arranged oppositely, the third beam splitter surface and the second beam splitter surface are arranged oppositely, and the fourth reflecting surface and the third emergent surface are arranged oppositely; after the third combined beam light enters the second light splitting surface through the steering unit, the third combined beam light is split into first transmitted light and first reflected light on the second light splitting surface; the first transmission light enters the second beam splitter, exits from the second exit surface and enters the first light splitting surface, the first light splitting surface is divided into second reflection light and second transmission light, the second reflection light enters the third reflection surface, the second reflection light is reflected by the third reflection surface and exits through the fifth collimator, and the second transmission light enters the first beam splitter, exits from the first exit surface and exits through the sixth collimator; the first reflected light enters the third light splitting surface, is split into third reflected light and third transmitted light on the third light splitting surface, the third reflected light is emitted through the seventh collimator, the third transmitted light enters the third beam splitter, is emitted from the third emission surface, enters the fourth reflection surface, is reflected on the fourth reflection surface, and is emitted through the eighth collimator.

Still further, the steering unit comprises a steering prism, and the third combined beam is incident to the second light splitting surface after being reflected twice by 90 degrees in the steering prism.

Still further, the beam splitting module still includes the second polarization photosynthetic beam splitter, and the second polarization photosynthetic beam splitter sets up the position that is located between second beam splitter and the steering unit on the second surface, and the third beam combination light incides the second beam splitting face after passing through steering unit, second polarization photosynthetic beam splitter in proper order.

Furthermore, the beam combining and combining unit and the beam splitting and combining unit are symmetrically arranged about a symmetry plane of the substrate, the fifth collimator corresponds to the first collimator, the sixth collimator corresponds to the second collimator, the seventh collimator corresponds to the third collimator, the eighth collimator corresponds to the fourth collimator, the third reflector corresponds to the first reflector, the first beam splitting component corresponds to the first beam combining component, the second beam splitting component corresponds to the second beam combining component, the third beam splitting component corresponds to the third beam combining component, and the fourth reflector corresponds to the second reflector.

Furthermore, the first beam combiner, the second beam combiner, the third beam combiner, the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter and the third beam splitter are all beam splitters or wavelength division multiplexing chips.

Still further, the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface, the third reflecting surface and the fourth reflecting surface are all 45-degree reflecting surfaces.

Furthermore, the beam combining module further comprises a first polarization beam combiner, the first polarization beam combiner is arranged on the first surface and located between the second beam combining piece and the steering unit, and the third beam combining light is incident to the steering unit through the first polarization beam combiner.

Compared with the prior art, the polarization beam splitting and combining mixer has the advantages that the beam splitting and combining unit and the beam splitting and combining unit are respectively arranged on the two surfaces of the substrate, the emergent end of the beam splitting and combining unit and the incident end of the beam combining and combining unit are positioned on the same side of the substrate, and the single-side structure is adopted, so that the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is remarkably reduced; the edge of the substrate is provided with the steering unit, so that the combined beam light combined by the beam combining and combining unit can enter the beam splitting and combining unit to be split, the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is small, and the normal use of the beam splitting and combining mixer is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reverse structure of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a reverse structure of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a reverse structure of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first polarization optical combining and splitting device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a turning prism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the objects, structures, features, and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, polarization beam splitting closes a bundle blender includes base plate 1, it closes a bundle composite unit 2, beam splitting composite unit 3 and steering unit 4, base plate 1 includes relative first surface 11 and the second surface 12 that sets up, it sets up on first surface 11 to close a bundle composite unit 2, beam splitting composite unit 3 sets up on second surface 12, steering unit 4 sets up the one side at base plate 1, beam splitting composite unit 3's exit end and the incident end that closes a bundle composite unit 2 all are located the opposite side of base plate 1, beam splitting is gone into in beam splitting composite unit 3 to the beam combining light that closes a bundle composite unit 2 after incides through steering unit 4.

The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer has the advantages that the beam splitting and combining unit 2 and the beam splitting and combining unit 3 are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the substrate 1, the emergent end of the beam splitting and combining unit 3 and the incident end of the beam combining and combining unit 2 are positioned on the same side of the substrate 1, and the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is remarkably reduced by adopting a single-side structure; the steering unit 4 is arranged at the edge of the substrate 1, so that the combined beam light combined by the beam combining unit 2 can be incident into the beam splitting and combining unit 3 for beam splitting, the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is small, and the normal use of the beam splitting and combining mixer is ensured.

Preferably, the beam splitting and combining mixer further comprises a housing 5, and the substrate 1, the beam combining and combining unit 2, the beam splitting and combining unit 3 and the steering unit 4 are all arranged in the housing 5, so that the beam splitting and combining mixer is more stable in structure, and meanwhile, the service life is ensured.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to another embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the embodiment in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the beam combining and combining unit 2 includes an N input module 210 and a beam combining module 220, the beam splitting and combining unit 3 includes an M input and output module 310 and a beam splitting module 320, both M and N are greater than or equal to 2, N input beams entering through the N input module 210 enter the beam combining module 220, combined beams after being combined by the beam combining module 220 enter the beam splitting module 320 through the steering unit 4, and M split beams after being split by the beam splitting module 320 enter the output module 310 through M to be output.

The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer combines N input beams into a combined beam through the beam combining module 220, and divides the combined beam into M beam split beams through the fraction module 320, so that N enters and M exits are realized. N and M may be the same or different.

Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4 in combination, fig. 3 is a schematic front structure diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic back structure diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the polarization beam splitting and combining mixer has a 4-in 4-out structure, and both N and M are 4.

Referring to fig. 3, the n-input module 210 includes a first collimator 21, a second collimator 22, a third collimator 23, and a fourth collimator 24, the beam combining module 220 includes a first reflector 25, a first beam combining member 26, a second beam combining member 27, a third beam combining member 28, and a second reflector 29, the first collimator 21, the second collimator 22, the third collimator 23, and the fourth collimator 24 are sequentially disposed on the first surface 11 at an end away from the turning unit 4, the first reflector 25, the first beam combining member 26, the second beam combining member 27, the third beam combining member 28, and the second reflector 29 are disposed on the first surface 11, the first reflector 25 is disposed corresponding to the first collimator 21, the first beam combining member 26 is disposed corresponding to the second collimator 22, the second beam combining member 27 is disposed corresponding to the turning unit 4, the third beam combiner 28 is arranged corresponding to the third collimator 23, the second reflector 29 is arranged corresponding to the fourth collimator 24, the first reflector 25 includes a first reflecting surface 251, the first beam combiner 26 includes a first transmitting surface 261 and a first beam combining surface 262, the second beam combiner 27 includes a second transmitting surface 271 and a second beam combining surface 272, the third beam combiner 28 includes a third transmitting surface 281 and a third beam combining surface 282, the second reflector 29 includes a second reflecting surface 291, the first reflecting surface 251 and the first beam combining surface 262 are arranged oppositely, the first beam combining surface 262 and the second transmitting surface 271 are arranged oppositely, the second reflecting surface 291 and the third transmitting surface 281 are arranged oppositely, the third beam combining surface 282 and the second beam combining surface 272 are arranged oppositely, and the second beam combining surface 272 and the turning unit 4 are arranged oppositely.

The first collimated light entering through the first collimator 21 is incident on the first reflection surface 251, is incident on the first beam combining surface 262 after being reflected on the first reflection surface 251, and is reflected on the first beam combining surface 262; the second collimated light entering through the second collimator 22 enters the first transmission surface 261, enters the first beam combining member 26, exits from the first beam combining surface 262, and is combined with the first collimated light reflected on the first beam combining surface 262 to form a first combined light; the first combined beam enters the second beam combining member 27 after entering the second transmission surface 271, and then exits from the second beam combining surface 272; the fourth collimated light entering through the fourth collimator 24 enters the second reflecting surface 291, is reflected by the second reflecting surface 291, enters the third transmitting surface 281, enters the third beam combining member 28, and exits from the third beam combining surface 282; the third collimated light entering through the third collimator 23 enters the third beam combining surface 282, and is reflected on the third beam combining surface 282 to combine with the emitted fourth collimated light into a second beam combining light; the second combined beam enters the second combined beam surface 272, is reflected by the second combined beam surface 272, and is combined with the emitted first combined beam into a third combined beam, which enters the steering unit 4.

The beam combining module 220 combines collimated light entering the four collimators by adopting the first reflecting mirror 25, the first beam combining piece 26, the second beam combining piece 27, the third beam combining piece 28 and the second reflecting mirror 29, so that optical fiber fusion is avoided, the loss is reduced, the extinction ratio is ensured, meanwhile, the integration of an optical path system is facilitated, and the system is compact and miniaturized.

Preferably, the first collimator 21, the second collimator 22, the third collimator 23, and the fourth collimator 24 are all polarization maintaining collimators, and polarized light is transmitted through a slow axis of an optical fiber of the polarization maintaining collimator.

Preferably, the beam combining module 220 further includes a first polarization beam combiner 20, the first polarization beam combiner 20 is disposed on the first surface 11 and located between the second beam combining member 27 and the turning unit 4, and the third combined beam is incident to the turning unit 4 through the first polarization beam combiner 20, so as to polarize the third combined beam and improve the extinction ratio.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first polarization beam combiner 20 according to an embodiment of the invention. The first polarization beam combiner 20 includes a first right triangular prism 201 and a second right triangular prism 202, the first right triangular prism 201 includes a first incident end face 2011 and a first emergent end face 2012 which are oppositely arranged, the second right triangular prism 202 includes a second incident end face 2021 and a second emergent end face 2022 which are oppositely arranged, the first incident end face 2011 and the second beam combining face 272 are oppositely arranged, the first emergent end face 2012 and the second incident end face 2021 are adhered together, and the second emergent end face 2022 and the turning unit 4 are oppositely arranged.

The third combined beam enters the first right-angled triangular prism 201 from the first incident end surface 2011, then enters the second right-angled triangular prism 202 through the first exit end surface 2012 and the second incident end surface 2021, then exits from the second exit end surface 2022, and enters the steering unit 4.

Referring to fig. 4, the m input/output module 310 includes a fifth collimator 31, a sixth collimator 32, a seventh collimator 33, and an eighth collimator 34, the beam splitting module 320 includes a third reflector 35, a first beam splitter 36, a second beam splitter 37, a third beam splitter 38, and a fourth reflector 39, the fifth collimator 31, the sixth collimator 32, the seventh collimator 33, and the eighth collimator 34 are sequentially disposed on one end of the second surface 12 away from the steering unit 4, the third reflector 35, the first beam splitter 36, the second beam splitter 37, the third beam splitter 38, and the fourth reflector 39 are disposed on the second surface 12, the third reflector 35 is disposed corresponding to the fifth collimator 31, the first beam splitter 36 is disposed corresponding to the sixth collimator 32, and the second beam splitter 37 is disposed corresponding to the steering unit, the third beam splitter 38 is disposed corresponding to the seventh collimator 33, the fourth mirror 39 is disposed corresponding to the eighth collimator 34, the third mirror 35 includes a third reflective surface 351, the first beam splitter 36 includes a first light splitting surface 361 and a first exit surface 362, the second beam splitter 37 includes a second light splitting surface 371 and a second exit surface 372, the third beam splitter 38 includes a third light splitting surface 381 and a third exit surface 382, the fourth mirror 39 includes a fourth reflective surface 391, the third reflective surface 351 and the first light splitting surface 361 are disposed opposite to each other, the first light splitting surface 361 and the second exit surface 372 are disposed opposite to each other, the second light splitting surface 371 is disposed opposite to the steering unit 4, the third light splitting surface 381 and the second light splitting surface 371 are disposed opposite to each other, and the fourth reflective surface 391 and the third exit surface 382 are disposed opposite to each other.

The third combined beam is incident on the second beam splitter 371 via the turning unit 4, and then is split into the first transmitted light and the first reflected light on the second beam splitter 371; the first transmitted light enters the second beam splitter 37, exits from the second exit surface 372, enters the first light splitting surface 361, is split into second reflected light and second transmitted light in the first light splitting surface 361, the second reflected light enters the third reflection surface 351, is reflected by the third reflection surface 351, and is then emitted through the fifth collimator 31, and the second transmitted light enters the first beam splitter 36, exits from the first exit surface 362, and is then emitted through the sixth collimator 32; the first reflected light enters the third light splitting surface 381, is split into third reflected light and third transmitted light on the third light splitting surface 381, and the third reflected light is emitted through the seventh collimator 33, and the third transmitted light enters the third beam splitter 38, exits from the third exit surface 382, enters the fourth reflection surface 391, is reflected on the fourth reflection surface 391, and is emitted through the eighth collimator 34.

The beam splitting module 320 splits the beam of light by the third reflector 35, the first beam splitter 36, the second beam splitter 37, the third beam splitter 38 and the fourth reflector 39 and then emits the split beam of light from the four collimators, so that the optical fiber welding is avoided, the loss is reduced, the extinction ratio is ensured, the integration of an optical path system is facilitated, and the system is compact and miniaturized.

The collimators of the N-in input module 210 and the M-in output module 310 are both arranged at one end of the substrate 1 away from the steering unit 4, so that the single-side fiber output of the beam splitting and combining mixer reduces the overall size. And the fiber of each collimator is protected by a loose sleeve.

Preferably, the beam splitting module 320 further includes a second polarization beam combiner 30, the second polarization beam combiner 30 is disposed on the second surface 12 and located between the second beam splitter 37 and the turning unit 4, and the third combined beam passes through the turning unit 4 and the second polarization beam combiner 30 in sequence and then enters the second beam splitting surface 371, so as to improve the polarization degree of the third combined beam and improve the extinction ratio.

The second polarization optical multiplexer/demultiplexer 30 can adopt the same or similar structure as the first polarization optical multiplexer/demultiplexer 20, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.

Preferably, the fifth collimator 31, the sixth collimator 32, the seventh collimator 33, and the eighth collimator 34 are all polarization maintaining collimators to improve the polarization direction of the emergent light and maximize the extinction ratio.

Preferably, the beam combining and combining unit 2 and the beam splitting and combining unit 3 are symmetrically arranged about a symmetry plane of the substrate 1, the fifth collimator 31 corresponds to the first collimator 21, the sixth collimator 32 corresponds to the second collimator 22, the seventh collimator 33 corresponds to the third collimator 23, the eighth collimator 34 corresponds to the fourth collimator 24, the third reflector 35 corresponds to the first reflector 25, the first beam splitter 36 corresponds to the first beam combiner 26, the second beam splitter 37 corresponds to the second beam combiner 27, the third beam splitter 38 corresponds to the third beam combiner 28, and the fourth reflector 39 corresponds to the second reflector 29.

Preferably, the first reflective surface 251, the second reflective surface 291, the third reflective surface 351, and the fourth reflective surface 391 are all 45-degree reflective surfaces, and light incident on each reflective surface is reflected by 90 degrees and emitted.

In practical use, the first beam combiner 26, the second beam combiner 27, the third beam combiner 28, the first beam splitter 36, the second beam splitter 37 and the third beam splitter 38 may all be beam splitters, so as to combine and split incident light with the same wavelength, and simultaneously select beam splitters with different splitting ratios according to requirements, thereby solving the problem of fixed splitting ratio of the existing beam splitter; the first beam combiner 26, the second beam combiner 27, the third beam combiner 28, the first beam splitter 36, the second beam splitter 37, and the third beam splitter 38 may also be wavelength division multiplexing chips, so as to combine and split incident light with different wavelengths.

The turning unit 4 includes a turning prism 41, and the third combined beam is reflected twice by 90 degrees in the turning prism 41 and then enters the second beam splitting surface 371. Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a turning prism 41 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The turning prism 41 includes an incident/exit surface 411, a first reflection turning surface 412, a second reflection turning surface 413, the first reflection turning surface 412 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the incident/exit surface 411, the second reflection turning surface 413 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the incident/exit surface 412, the third combined beam of light perpendicularly enters the incident/exit surface 411, then enters the turning prism 41, is incident on the second reflection turning surface 413 after being reflected by 90 degrees on the first reflection turning surface 412, and is perpendicularly emitted from the incident/exit surface 411 after being reflected by 90 degrees on the second reflection turning surface 413.

Preferably, the cross section of the turning prism 41 along the direction perpendicular to the symmetry plane of the beam combining unit 2 and the beam splitting unit 3 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the symmetry plane of the beam combining unit 2 and the beam splitting unit 3 is coplanar with the symmetry plane of the turning prism 41.

Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6 in combination, fig. 5 is a schematic front structure diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic back structure diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the polarization beam splitting and combining mixer has a 3-in 5-out structure, N is 3, and M is 5.

Referring to fig. 5, the n-ray input module 210 includes a first collimator 21', a second collimator 22', and a third collimator 23', the beam combining module 220 includes a first mirror 24', a first beam combining member 25', a second beam combining member 26', and a second mirror 27', the first collimator 21', the second collimator 22', and the third collimator 23' are sequentially disposed on one end of the first surface 11 away from the turning unit 4, the first mirror 24', the first beam combining member 25', the second beam combining member 26', and the second mirror 27' are disposed on the first surface, the first mirror 24 'is disposed corresponding to the first collimator 21', the first beam combining member 25 'is disposed corresponding to the second collimator 22', the second beam combining member 26 'is disposed corresponding to the turning unit, the second mirror 27' is disposed corresponding to the third collimator 23', the first mirror 24' includes a first reflecting surface 241', the first beam combining member 25' includes a first transmitting surface 252', a second transmitting surface 261', the second beam combining member 262 'is disposed corresponding to the turning unit, the second reflecting surface 262' includes a second transmitting surface 262', the second beam combining member 262', and the second transmitting surface 262', the second beam combining member 262' is disposed corresponding to the first reflecting surface 271', the second transmitting surface 252', the second transmitting surface 262', and the second beam combining member 262' and the second transmitting surface 262', the second reflecting surface 262' is disposed opposite to the second transmitting surface 252', and the second reflecting surface 252'.

The first collimated light entering the first collimator 21' is incident on the first reflecting surface 241', reflected on the first reflecting surface 241', incident on the first beam combining surface 252', and emitted on the first beam combining surface 252 '; the second collimated light entering through the second collimator 22' enters the first projection surface 251' and then enters the first beam combining piece 25', exits from the first beam combining surface 252', and is combined with the first collimated light emitted on the first beam combining surface 252' to form first beam combining light; the first combined beam enters the second beam combining piece 26' after entering the second transmission surface 261', and then exits from the second beam combining surface 262 '; the third collimated light entering through the third collimator 23' enters the second reflecting surface 271', is reflected on the second reflecting surface 271', enters the second beam combining surface 262', is emitted on the second beam combining surface 262', and is combined with the emitted first combined beam into the second combined beam, which enters the steering unit 4.

The beam combining module 220 combines collimated light entering the three collimators by adopting the first reflecting mirror 24', the first beam combining piece 25', the second beam combining piece 26 'and the second reflecting mirror 27', so that optical fiber fusion is avoided, the loss is reduced, the extinction ratio is ensured, meanwhile, the integration of an optical path system is facilitated, and the system is compact and miniaturized.

Preferably, the first collimator 21', the second collimator 22', and the third collimator 23' are all polarization maintaining collimators, and polarized light is transmitted through a slow axis of an optical fiber of the polarization maintaining collimator.

Preferably, the beam combining module 220 further includes a first polarization beam combiner 20', the first polarization beam combiner 20' is disposed on the first surface 11 at a position between the second beam combining element 26 'and the turning unit 4, and the second combined beam is incident to the turning unit 4 through the first polarization beam combiner 20' to polarize the second combined beam and improve the extinction ratio.

The first polarization beam combiner/splitter 20' can have the same or similar structure as that in fig. 9, and will not be described herein.

Referring to fig. 6, the m input/output module 310 includes a fourth collimator 31', a fifth collimator 32', a sixth collimator 33', a seventh collimator 34', and an eighth collimator 35', and the beam splitting module 320 includes a third mirror 36', a first beam splitter 37', a second beam splitter 38', a third beam splitter 39', a fourth beam splitter 310', and a fourth mirror 311', and the fourth collimator 31', the fifth collimator 32', the sixth collimator 33', the seventh collimator 34', and the eighth collimator 35' are sequentially disposed on one end of the second surface 12 away from the turning unit 4, the third mirror 36', the first beam splitter 37', the second beam splitter 38', the third beam splitter 39', the fourth beam splitter 310', and the fourth mirror 311' are disposed on the second surface 12, the third mirror 36' is disposed corresponding to the fourth collimator 31', the first beam splitter 37' is disposed corresponding to the fifth collimator 32', the second beam splitter 38' is disposed corresponding to the sixth collimator 33', the third beam splitter 39' is disposed corresponding to the turning unit 4, the fourth beam splitter 310' is disposed corresponding to the seventh collimator 34', the fourth mirror 311' is disposed corresponding to the eighth collimator 35', the third mirror 36' includes a third reflection surface 361', the first beam splitter 37' includes a first light splitting surface 371' and a first exit surface 372', the second beam splitter 38' includes a second light splitting surface 381' and a second exit surface 382', the third beam splitter 39' includes a third light splitting surface 391' and a third exit surface 392', the fourth beam splitter 310' includes a fourth light splitting surface 3101' and a fourth exit surface 3102', the fourth mirror 311' includes a fourth reflection surface 3111', the third exit surface 361' and the first exit surface 372' are disposed opposite to each other, the first light splitting surface 371' and the second light splitting surface 381' are disposed opposite to each other, the second light splitting surface 381' is disposed to face the third emission surface 392', the third light splitting surface 391' is disposed to face the turning unit 4, the third light splitting surface 391' is disposed to face the fourth light splitting surface 3101', and the fourth emission surface 3102' is disposed to face the fourth reflection surface 3111 '.

The second combined beam is incident on the third light splitting surface 391 'through the turning unit 4, and is split into first transmitted light and first reflected light on the third light splitting surface 391'; the first transmitted light enters the third beam splitter 39', exits from the third exit surface 392', enters the second light splitting surface 381', is split into second reflected light and second transmitted light at the second light splitting surface 381', enters the second beam splitter 38', exits from the second exit surface 382', exits via the sixth collimator 33', enters the second reflected light, enters the first light splitting surface 371', is split into third transmitted light and third reflected light at the first light splitting surface 371', exits via the fifth collimator 32', enters the first beam splitter 37', exits from the first exit surface 372', enters the third reflection surface 361', reflects at the third reflection surface 361', and exits via the fourth collimator 33 '; the first reflected light enters the fourth light dividing surface 3101', is divided into fourth transmitted light and fourth reflected light on the fourth light dividing surface 3101', the fourth reflected light is emitted through the seventh collimator 34', the fourth transmitted light enters the fourth light dividing member, is emitted from the fourth light emitting surface 3102', enters the fourth reflecting surface 3111', is reflected on the fourth reflecting surface 3111', and is emitted through the eighth collimator 35 '.

The beam splitting module 320 splits the combined beam by using the third reflector 36', the first beam splitter 37', the second beam splitter 38', the third beam splitter 39', the fourth beam splitter 310 'and the fourth reflector 311' and then emits the split beam from five collimators, so that the fusion of optical fibers is avoided, the loss is reduced, the extinction ratio is ensured, meanwhile, the integration of a light path system is facilitated, and the system is compact and miniaturized.

Preferably, the beam splitting module 320 further includes a second polarization light combining beam splitter 30', the second polarization light combining beam splitter 30' is disposed on the second surface 12 and located between the third beam splitter 39' and the turning unit 4, and the second combined beam passes through the turning unit 4 and the second polarization light combining beam splitter 30' in sequence and then enters the third light splitting surface 391', so as to improve the polarization degree of the second combined beam again and improve the extinction ratio.

The second polarization beam combiner 30' can adopt the same or similar structure as that in fig. 9, and the description thereof is omitted.

Preferably, the fourth collimator 31', the fifth collimator 32', the sixth collimator 33', the seventh collimator 34' and the eighth collimator 35' are all polarization-maintaining collimators to align the polarization direction of the outgoing light well so as to maximize the extinction ratio.

In practical use, the first beam combiner 25', the second beam combiner 26', the first beam splitter 37', the second beam splitter 38', the third beam splitter 39 'and the fourth beam splitter 310' may all be beam splitters, so as to combine and split incident light with the same wavelength, and simultaneously select beam splitters with different splitting ratios according to requirements, thereby solving the problem of fixed reflection ratio of the existing beam splitter; or all the wavelength division multiplexing chips can be used for combining and splitting incident lights with different wavelengths.

Referring to fig. 7 and fig. 8 in combination, fig. 7 is a schematic front structure diagram of a polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic rear structure diagram of the polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the polarization beam splitting and combining mixer has a 5-in 3-out structure, N is 5, and m is 3.

Referring to fig. 7, the n-input/output module 210 includes a first collimator 21", a second collimator 22", a third collimator 23", a fourth collimator 24", and a fifth collimator 25", the beam combining module 220 includes a first mirror 26", a first beam combiner 27", a second beam combiner 28", a third beam combiner 29", a fourth beam combiner 210", and a second mirror 211", the first collimator 21", the second collimator 22", the third collimator 23", the fourth collimator 24", and the fifth collimator 25" are sequentially disposed on the first surface 11 at an end away from the turning unit 4, the first mirror 26", the first beam combiner 27", the second beam combiner 28", the third beam combiner 29", the fourth beam combiner 210", and the second mirror 211" are disposed on the first surface 11, the first mirror 26 "is disposed corresponding to the first collimator 21", the first beam combiner 27 "is disposed corresponding to the second collimator 22", the second beam combiner 28 "is arranged corresponding to the third collimator 23", the third beam combiner 29 "is arranged corresponding to the turning unit 4, the fourth beam combiner 210" is arranged corresponding to the fourth collimator 24", the second mirror 211" is arranged corresponding to the fifth collimator 25", the first mirror 26" includes a first reflecting surface 261", the first beam combiner 27" includes a first transmitting surface 271 "and a first beam combining surface 272", the second beam combiner 28 "includes a second transmitting surface 281" and a second beam combining surface 282", the third beam combiner 29" includes a third transmitting surface 291 "and a third beam combining surface 292", the fourth beam combiner 210 "includes a fourth transmitting surface 2101" and a fourth beam combining surface 2102", the second mirror 211" includes a second reflecting surface 2111", the first reflecting surface 261" and the first transmitting surface 271 "are arranged oppositely, the first beam combining surface 272" and the second beam combining surface 282 "are arranged oppositely, the second combining plane 282 "is disposed opposite to the third transmitting plane 291", the third combining plane 292 "is disposed opposite to the steering unit 4, the third combining plane 292" is disposed opposite to the fourth combining plane 2102", and the fourth transmitting plane 2101" is disposed opposite to the second reflecting plane 2111 ".

The first collimated light entering through the first collimator 21 "enters the first reflecting surface 261", is reflected on the first reflecting surface 261", enters the first transmitting surface 271", enters the first beam combining member 27", and exits from the first beam combining surface 272"; the second collimated light entering through the second collimator 22 ″ is incident on the first beam combining surface 272 ″, and is combined with the emergent first collimated light into a first combined light after being reflected by the first beam combining surface 272 ″, and the first combined light is incident on the second beam combining surface 282 ″ and is reflected by the second beam combining surface 282 ″; the third collimated light entering through the third collimator 23 ″ enters the second transmission surface 281 ″ and then enters the second beam combining component 28 ″ and then exits from the second beam combining surface 282 ″ to be combined with the first combined light reflected on the second beam combining surface 282 ″ into second combined light, and the second combined light enters the third beam combining component 29 ″ after entering the third transmission surface 291 ″ and then exits from the third beam combining surface 292 ″; the fifth collimated light entering through the fifth collimator 25 ″ enters the second reflection surface 2111 ″, is reflected on the second reflection surface 2111 ″, enters the fourth transmission surface 2101 ″, enters the fourth beam combining member 210 ″, and exits from the fourth beam combining surface 2102 ″; the fourth collimated light entering through the fourth collimator 24 ″ enters the fourth beam combining surface 2102 ″, is reflected by the fourth beam combining surface 2102 ″ and combined with the fifth collimated light emitted therefrom to form a third combined light, the third combined light enters the third beam combining surface 292 ″, is reflected by the third beam combining surface 292 ″ and combined with the second combined light emitted therefrom to form the fourth combined light, and the fourth combined light enters the steering unit 4.

The beam combining module 220 combines collimated light entering the five collimators by adopting the first reflecting mirror 26", the first beam combining piece 27", the second beam combining piece 28", the third beam combining piece 29", the fourth beam combining piece 210 "and the second reflecting mirror 211", so that the optical fiber fusion is avoided, the loss is reduced, the extinction ratio is ensured, meanwhile, the integration of an optical path system is facilitated, and the system is compact and miniaturized.

The beam combining module 220 further includes a first polarization beam combiner 20 ″, where the first polarization beam combiner 20 ″ is disposed on the first surface 11 and located between the third beam combiner 29 ″, and the turning unit 4, and the fourth combined beam is incident to the turning unit 4 through the first polarization beam combiner 20 ″, so that the fourth combined beam is polarized, and the extinction ratio is improved.

The first polarization beam combiner-splitter 20 "may adopt the same or similar structure as that of fig. 9.

Referring to fig. 8, the m input and output module 310 includes a sixth collimator 31", a seventh collimator 32", and an eighth collimator 33", the beam splitting module 320 includes a third mirror 34", a first beam splitter 35", a second beam splitter 36", and a fourth mirror 37", the sixth collimator 31", the seventh collimator 32", and the eighth collimator 33" are sequentially disposed on the second surface 12 at an end away from the turning unit 4, the third mirror 34", the first beam splitter 35", the second beam splitter 36", and the fourth mirror 37" are disposed on the second surface 12, the third mirror 34 "is disposed corresponding to the sixth collimator 31", the first beam splitter 35 "is disposed corresponding to the seventh collimator 32", the second beam splitter 36 "is disposed corresponding to the turning unit 4, the fourth mirror 37" is disposed corresponding to the eighth collimator 33", the third mirror 34" includes a third reflecting surface 341", the first beam splitter 35" includes a first beam splitter 351 "and a first beam splitter 351", the fourth beam splitter 37 "is disposed corresponding to the eighth collimator 33", the third reflecting surface 34 "includes a second beam splitter 361", the second beam splitter 361 "and a second beam splitter 371", the second beam splitter 37 "includes a second beam splitter 361", the second beam splitter 37 "and a second beam splitter 362" and a second beam splitter 371", the third reflecting surface 361" is disposed opposite to the second beam splitter surface 361", the second beam splitter surface 361" and the second beam splitter surface 362 "and the second beam splitter surface 361", and the second beam splitter surface 362 "are disposed opposite to the second beam splitter surface 361", and the second beam splitter surface 371 ".

The fourth combined beam is incident on the second beam splitting surface 361 ″ through the turning unit 4, and then is split into first transmitted light and first reflected light on the second beam splitting surface 361 ″, the first reflected light is incident on the fourth reflecting surface 371 ″, and is reflected on the fourth reflecting surface 371 ″, and then is emitted through the eighth collimator 33 ″; the first transmitted light enters the inside of the second beam splitter 36 ″, exits from the second exit surface 362 ″, enters the first light splitting surface 351 ″, is split into second reflected light and second transmitted light in the first light splitting surface 351 ″, the second transmitted light enters the inside of the first beam splitter 35 ″, exits from the first exit surface 352 ″, exits through the seventh collimator 32 ″, the second reflected light enters the third reflection surface 341 ″, is reflected by the third reflection surface 341 ″, and exits through the sixth collimator 31 ″.

The beam splitting module 320 splits the combined beam by the third reflector 34", the first beam splitter 35", the second beam splitter 36 "and the fourth reflector 37" and then emits the split beam from the three collimators, so that the optical fiber welding is avoided, the loss is reduced, the extinction ratio is ensured, meanwhile, the integration of an optical path system is facilitated, and the system is compact and miniaturized.

The beam splitting module 320 further includes a second polarization photosynthetic beam splitter 30", the second polarization photosynthetic beam splitter 30" is disposed on the second surface 12 at a position between the second beam splitter 36 "and the turning unit 4, and the fourth combined beam passes through the turning unit 4 and the second polarization photosynthetic beam splitter 30" in sequence and then enters the second light splitting surface 361", so as to improve the polarization degree of the fourth combined beam again and improve the extinction ratio.

The second polarization beam combiner/splitter 30 ″ can have the same or similar structure as that in fig. 9, and will not be described herein.

In practical use, the first beam combiner 27", the second beam combiner 28", the third beam combiner 29", the fourth beam combiner 210", the first beam splitter 35", and the second beam splitter 36" may all be beam splitters, so as to combine and split incident light with the same wavelength, and simultaneously select beam splitters with different splitting ratios according to requirements, thereby solving the problem of fixed reflection ratio of the existing beam splitter; or wavelength division multiplexing chips to combine and split the incident lights with different wavelengths.

The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer may also be a 2-input 2-output structure, in this case, the N-input module 210 includes a first collimator and a second collimator, the beam combining module 220 includes a first reflector and a first beam combining member, the first reflector is disposed corresponding to the first collimator, the first beam combining member is disposed corresponding to the second collimator, the first beam combining member is disposed corresponding to the steering unit, the first collimated light entering through the first collimator is incident on the first beam combining member after being reflected by the first reflector, and is reflected by the first beam combining surface of the first beam combining member, the second collimated light entering through the second collimator is incident on the transmission surface of the first beam combining member, and is transmitted and output from the first beam combining surface of the first beam combining member and is combined with the reflected first collimated light into the first beam combining light incident on the steering unit 4, which may refer to 21, 22, 25, and 26 in fig. 3, where corresponding diagrams are not shown.

The M input and output module 310 includes a third collimator and a fourth collimator, the beam splitting module 320 includes a second mirror and a first beam splitting component, the second mirror is disposed corresponding to the third collimator, the first beam splitting component is disposed corresponding to the fourth collimator, the first beam splitting component is disposed corresponding to the turning unit, the first combined beam is divided into a first transmitted light and a first reflected light on the first beam splitting surface after entering the first beam splitting surface of the first beam splitting component through the turning unit 4, the first reflected light enters the second mirror, the first transmitted light exits through the third collimator after being reflected by the second mirror, the first transmitted light enters the first beam splitting component, the first transmitted light exits through the first exit surface of the first beam splitting component, and the first transmitted light exits through the fourth collimator, which can be referred to 31, 32, 35, and 26 in fig. 4, which is not illustrated here.

The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer can also be a 2-in 3-out, 2-in 4-out, 2-in 5-out, 4-in 2-out, 4-in 3-out, 4-piece 5-out, 3-in 2-out, 3-in 4-out, 5-in 2-out, 5-in 4-out and other multi-in multi-out structures, as long as the beam combining module 220 can input the N beams and combine the beams into combined beams, and the combined beams can be incident to the beam splitting module 320 through the steering unit 4 and split into M beams.

According to the third, fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention, when N is greater than or equal to 3, the N input module includes N collimators, the beam combining module includes a first reflector, a second reflector and N-1 beam combining members, the first reflector and the second reflector are respectively disposed corresponding to the collimators at two ends of the N collimators, N-2 beam combining members of the N-1 beam combining members are respectively disposed corresponding to the N-2 collimators not at two ends, and 1 beam combining member of the N-1 beam combining members is disposed corresponding to the steering unit 4; when M is larger than or equal to 3, the M input and output module comprises M collimators, the beam splitting module comprises a third reflector, a fourth reflector and M-1 beam splitting pieces, the third reflector and the fourth reflector are respectively arranged corresponding to the collimators at two ends of the M collimators, M-2 beam splitting pieces in the M-1 beam splitting pieces are respectively arranged corresponding to the M-2 collimators not at two ends, and 1 beam splitting piece in the M-1 beam splitting pieces is arranged corresponding to the steering unit 4.

Of course, other beam combining and splitting structures may be adopted in addition to the embodiment of the present invention as long as beam combining and splitting can be achieved.

According to the polarization beam splitting and combining mixer, the beam combining and combining unit and the beam splitting and combining unit are respectively arranged on the two surfaces of the substrate, the emergent end of the beam splitting and combining unit and the incident end of the beam combining and combining unit are positioned on the same side of the substrate, and a single-side structure is adopted, so that the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is remarkably reduced; the edge of the substrate is provided with the steering unit, so that the combined beam light combined by the beam combining and combining unit can enter the beam splitting and combining unit to be split, the size of the beam splitting and combining mixer is small, and the normal use of the beam splitting and combining mixer is ensured.

The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present invention described above may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that the invention be covered by the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a polarization beam splitting closes bundle blender, its characterized in that, includes base plate, closes bundle combination unit, beam splitting combination unit and turns to the unit, the base plate includes relative first surface and the second surface that sets up, it sets up to close bundle combination unit on the first surface, beam splitting combination unit sets up on the second surface, turn to the unit setting one side of base plate, the exit end of beam splitting combination unit and the incident end that closes bundle combination unit all are located the opposite side of base plate, the beam splitting is incited to through the unit that turns to beam combination after the bundle combination unit beam splitting in the beam splitting combination unit.

2. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer according to claim 1, wherein the beam combining unit comprises an N-input module and a beam combining module, the beam splitting and combining unit comprises an M-input module and a beam splitting module, M and N are both greater than or equal to 2, N input beams entering from the N-input module are incident on the beam combining module, combined beams combined by the beam combining module are incident on the beam splitting module through the steering unit, and M split beams split by the beam splitting module are output through the M-input module.

3. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 2, wherein the N input module comprises a first collimator, a second collimator, a third collimator, and a fourth collimator, the beam combining module comprises a first mirror, a first beam combining member, a second beam combining member, a third beam combining member, and a second mirror, the first collimator, the second collimator, the third collimator, and the fourth collimator are sequentially disposed on the first surface at an end away from the turning unit, the first mirror, the first beam combining member, the second beam combining member, the third beam combining member, and the second mirror are disposed on the first surface, the first mirror is disposed corresponding to the first collimator, and the first beam combining member is disposed corresponding to the second collimator, the second beam combining piece is arranged corresponding to the steering unit, the third beam combining piece is arranged corresponding to the third collimator, the second reflector is arranged corresponding to the fourth collimator, the first reflector comprises a first reflecting surface, the first beam combining piece comprises a first transmitting surface and a first beam combining surface, the second beam combining piece comprises a second transmitting surface and a second beam combining surface, the third beam combining piece comprises a third transmitting surface and a third beam combining surface, the second reflector comprises a second reflecting surface, the first reflecting surface and the first beam combining surface are arranged oppositely, the first beam combining surface and the second transmitting surface are arranged oppositely, the second reflecting surface and the third transmitting surface are arranged oppositely, the third beam combining surface and the second beam combining surface are arranged oppositely, and the second beam combining surface and the steering unit are arranged oppositely;

the first collimated light entering through the first collimator enters the first reflecting surface, is reflected on the first reflecting surface, enters the first beam combining surface, and is reflected on the first beam combining surface; second collimated light entering through the second collimator enters the first transmission surface, enters the first beam combining piece, exits from the first beam combining surface, and is combined with first collimated light reflected on the first beam combining surface into first combined light; the first beam combination light enters the second transmission surface, enters the second beam combination piece and then exits from the second beam combination surface; fourth collimated light entering through the fourth collimator enters the second reflecting surface, is reflected on the second reflecting surface and then enters the third transmitting surface, enters the third beam combining piece and then exits from the third beam combining surface; third collimated light entering through the third collimator enters the third beam combining surface, and is reflected on the third beam combining surface and then combined with fourth emergent collimated light into second combined light; the second combined beam light enters the second combined beam surface, is reflected on the second combined beam surface, and is combined with the emergent first combined beam light into a third combined beam light which enters the steering unit.

4. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 3, wherein the combining module further comprises a first polarization beam combiner disposed on the first surface between the second combining member and the turning unit, and the third combined light is incident on the turning unit via the first polarization beam combiner.

5. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 3, wherein the M input/output module comprises a fifth collimator, a sixth collimator, a seventh collimator, and an eighth collimator, the beam splitting module comprises a third mirror, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter, and a fourth mirror, the fifth collimator, the sixth collimator, the seventh collimator, and the eighth collimator are sequentially disposed on the second surface at an end away from the turning unit, the third mirror, the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the third beam splitter, and the fourth mirror are disposed on the second surface, the third mirror is disposed corresponding to the fifth collimator, and the first beam splitter is disposed corresponding to the sixth collimator, the second beam splitter corresponds to the steering unit, the third beam splitter corresponds to the seventh collimator, the fourth reflector corresponds to the eighth collimator, the third reflector includes a third reflecting surface, the first beam splitter includes a first beam splitter surface and a first emergent surface, the second beam splitter includes a second beam splitter surface and a second emergent surface, the third beam splitter includes a third beam splitter surface and a third emergent surface, the fourth reflector includes a fourth reflecting surface, the third reflecting surface and the first beam splitter surface are arranged oppositely, the first beam splitter surface and the second emergent surface are arranged oppositely, the second beam splitter surface and the steering unit are arranged oppositely, the third beam splitter surface and the second beam splitter surface are arranged oppositely, and the fourth reflecting surface and the third emergent surface are arranged oppositely;

after the third combined beam light enters the second light splitting surface through the steering unit, the third combined beam light is split into first transmitted light and first reflected light on the second light splitting surface; the first transmitted light enters the second beam splitter, exits from the second exit surface and enters the first light splitting surface, the first light splitting surface is divided into second reflected light and second transmitted light, the second reflected light enters the third reflection surface, reflects from the third reflection surface and exits through the fifth collimator, and the second transmitted light enters the first beam splitter, exits from the first exit surface and exits through the sixth collimator; the first reflected light enters the third light splitting surface, the third light splitting surface is divided into third reflected light and third transmitted light, the third reflected light is emitted through the seventh collimator, the third transmitted light enters the third beam splitting element, the third reflected light is emitted from the third emitting surface, the fourth reflected light enters the fourth reflecting surface, the fourth reflected light is reflected by the fourth reflecting surface, and the eighth collimator is emitted.

6. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 5, wherein the beam splitting module further comprises a second polarization beam combiner disposed on the second surface between the second beam splitter and the turning unit, and the third combined beam passes through the turning unit and the second polarization beam combiner in sequence and then is incident on the second beam splitter.

7. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 5, wherein the turning unit comprises a turning prism, and the third combined beam is incident on the second beam splitting surface after two 90-degree reflections in the turning prism.

8. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 5, wherein the beam splitting and combining unit and the beam splitting and combining unit are symmetrically disposed about a symmetry plane of the substrate, the fifth collimator corresponds to the first collimator, the sixth collimator corresponds to the second collimator, the seventh collimator corresponds to the third collimator, the eighth collimator corresponds to the fourth collimator, the third mirror corresponds to the first mirror, the first beam splitter corresponds to the first beam combiner, the second beam splitter corresponds to the second beam combiner, the third beam splitter corresponds to the third beam combiner, and the fourth mirror corresponds to the second mirror.

9. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 5, wherein the first beam combiner, the second beam combiner, the third beam combiner, the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, and the third beam splitter are all beam splitters or wavelength division multiplexers.

10. The polarization beam splitting and combining mixer of claim 5, wherein the first reflective surface, the second reflective surface, the third reflective surface, and the fourth reflective surface are all 45 degree reflective surfaces.

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