CN115787566A - Ecological bedrock revetment structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological bedrock revetment structure, which comprises a shore base and is characterized in that: a reinforcing mesh is laid on the shore base, geotextile is laid on the reinforcing mesh, and a gravel layer is laid on the geotextile; concrete blocks are paved on the gravel layer, clipping grooves are formed in the upper surfaces of the concrete blocks, a plurality of through holes penetrating through the concrete blocks are formed in the concrete blocks, gravel is filled in gaps among the concrete blocks, and slope surfaces formed by building the stones are further arranged on the geotextile and connected with the concrete blocks. The concrete block can reduce the climbing height and overtopping of wind waves, improve the wind and wave resistance of a sea surface facing protective surface, increase the porosity and the specific surface area, has ecological functions in natural form, can provide a porous attachment structure for organisms, and also has the protective function of an artificial block body: the surface is rough, gaps are distributed, the purposes of breaking waves and reducing energy can be achieved, the erosion degree of seacoasts by sea waves is reduced, or the water area in a harbor basin is kept stable.

Description

Ecological bedrock revetment structure and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coast protection facilities, in particular to an ecological bedrock shore protection structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

Through construction for many years, the artificial degree of the coastline in China is higher at present, and the ecological function of the coastline is lost while the disaster prevention and reduction capability is improved. The basement rock shoreline has unique ecological and disaster reduction functions, can reform a higher coating surface through short-term siltation to form an approximate silt natural shoreline relative to the silt-swelling type silt beach, needs to be formed under specific natural conditions and a sea wave erosion environment of thousands of years, and has irreproducibility in a short term.

At present, many artificial shorelines are reinforced concrete surface layer structures, have smooth surfaces, lack biological attached pores and lose natural forms. In addition, because the vertical smooth surface structure has a poor wave dissipation effect on waves, and the reflection of the vertical smooth surface structure on the waves may cause superposition and disorder of the waves in the harbor pool, which seriously affects the berthing of the ship, it is urgently needed to develop related near-naturalized ecological bedrock shoreline reconstruction to enhance the ecological and wave dissipation effects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ecological bedrock shore protection structure and a construction method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an ecological bedrock shore protection structure, includes the bank base, its characterized in that: a reinforcing mesh is laid on the shore base, geotextile is laid on the reinforcing mesh, and a gravel layer is laid on the geotextile; concrete blocks are paved on the gravel layer, clipping grooves are formed in the upper surfaces of the concrete blocks, a plurality of through holes penetrating through the concrete blocks are formed in the concrete blocks, gravel is filled in gaps among the concrete blocks, and slope surfaces formed by building the stones are further arranged on the geotextile and connected with the concrete blocks.

Preferentially, the reinforcing mesh is 2 layers and is laid in a staggered manner, and the geotextile is 2 layers; the stones on the slope surface are built by adopting concrete pouring;

preferably, the concrete block further comprises a steel wire rope, the starting end of the steel wire rope is locked on the steel bar net, and then the steel wire rope passes through the through holes in at least more than 2 concrete blocks and then the tail end of the steel wire rope is locked on the steel bar net again.

Based on the structure, the invention also provides a construction method of the ecological bedrock revetment structure, which comprises the following steps,

1) Firstly, laying a reinforcing mesh on the treated shore base, and then laying geotextile on the reinforcing mesh;

2) Locking the starting end of the steel wire rope on the steel bar net, pulling out the steel wire rope and preventing the steel wire rope from being covered when the broken stone is laid;

3) Paving a rubble layer on the geotextile, and simultaneously punching at least one through hole on the concrete block;

4) Paving the concrete blocks on the gravel layer, penetrating the steel wire ropes through the through holes of the concrete blocks, locking the tail ends of the steel wire ropes on the reinforcing steel bar net again after at least one steel wire rope penetrates through two concrete blocks, and at the moment, forming elastic traction among the concrete blocks;

5) Building a stone revetment by concrete on the sea-facing side to form a slope surface;

6) The vegetation layer is finally formed into an ecological bedrock revetment structure by impacting natural impact and corrosion with silt of seawater for a long time and accumulating the silt on the revetment structure and sowing vegetation seeds.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) The concrete block can reduce the climbing height and overtopping of wind waves, improve the wind and wave resistance of a sea surface facing protective surface, increase the porosity and the specific surface area, and has the protection function of an artificial block body besides the ecological function in natural form: the surface is rough, gaps are distributed, the purposes of breaking waves and reducing energy can be achieved, the erosion degree of seacoasts by sea waves is reduced, or the water area in a harbor basin is kept stable;

2) The slope surface is built by adopting natural stones and is irregular in shape, when waves are transmitted to an offshore shoreline, the armor blocks are extremely irregular in arrangement, the waves firstly contact the armor blocks, most of the potential energy of the waves is offset by the armor blocks, the waves are the same as sound waves, and belong to mechanical waves, and when the waves encounter obstacles, part of the energy can be absorbed, and the parts are mainly shown as interference and reflection, so that the scouring of the waves to the coast is reduced, the shoreline is protected, the evolution degree of the shoreline is reduced, the water area in a harbor pool is kept stable, and the operation in the harbor is facilitated;

3) And the steel wire ropes are adopted for connection, so that elastic traction is formed between concrete blocks, and the stability of the revetment structure is further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an ecological bedrock bank protection structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an internal structural view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an overall view of the ecological bedrock bank protection structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: an ecological bed rock bank protection structure 100 comprises a bank foundation 8, wherein a reinforcing mesh 7 is paved on the bank foundation 8, geotextile 9 is paved on the reinforcing mesh 7, and a gravel layer 10 is paved on the geotextile 9; in this embodiment, the reinforcing mesh 7 is 2 layers, and is laid in a staggered manner, and the geotextile 9 is 2 layers.

Concrete blocks 3 are paved on the stone layer 10, clipping grooves 2 are formed in the upper surfaces of the concrete blocks 3, a plurality of through holes 5 penetrating through the concrete blocks 3 are formed in the concrete blocks 3, broken stones 4 are filled in gaps among the concrete blocks 3, and slope surfaces 1 formed by building the stones are further arranged on the geotextile 9 and connected with the concrete blocks 3. The stones of the slope surface 1 are built by concrete pouring. And the steel wire rope 6 is locked on the steel bar net 7 at the starting end, passes through the through holes 5 in at least more than 2 concrete blocks 3 and is locked on the steel bar net 7 at the tail end.

The concrete block 3 is prefabricated by concrete, and generally no steel bar is placed. The block bodies used as the protective layer of the slope dike are various, and the Chinese commonly used block bodies comprise a four-foot cone, a four-foot hollow square block, a twisted I-shaped block body and the like. The concrete profiled block should have the properties and requirements that: (1) The quality of a single block can meet the requirements of stability and construction capacity; (2) The stability of the blocks is good, and the blocks have an embedding effect; (3) the void ratio is large, and the wave-absorbing performance is good; (4) the block body is simple and firm in structure; (5) construction is convenient; (6) Can adapt to a steeper gradient so as to save the consumption of the material of the dike core; and (7) the consumption of concrete required on the unit slope surface area is saved.

When the artificial reef is specifically designed, the weight of the artificial base rock block is calculated according to the wave force calculation result of the local coast, the quality of a single artificial base rock block needs to meet the requirements of stability and construction capacity, the concrete block 3 can also be replaced by the artificial reef, and the artificial reef needs to be prefabricated according to the form of the natural reef due to the fact that the artificial reef needs to have the characteristics of natural form, large porosity, high specific surface area and the like, and the surface of the artificial reef is naturally processed and is similar to an artificial rockery and the like. The artificial reef is of a reinforced concrete structure, the coarse aggregate is as small as possible, the surface strength and the compactness can be properly reduced according to the requirement, and the erosion of sea waves in the later period is facilitated to form a shape similar to that of a natural reef.

The installation of the artificial reef needs to be tightly connected with the bank protection through bar planting, and then a strip-shaped artificial base rock strip is formed at the front edge of the bank protection. The huge rock block laying and spreading method needs to lay and spread a certain number of huge rock blocks with different sizes in a certain range at the front edge of the bank protection to build the ecological bedrock shoreline form of the reef scattering.

Based on the structure, the invention also provides a construction method of the ecological bedrock bank protection structure, which comprises the following steps,

1) Firstly, laying a reinforcing mesh 7 on the treated shore foundation 8, and then laying geotextile 9 on the reinforcing mesh 7;

2) Locking the starting end of the steel wire rope 6 on the steel bar mesh 7, and pulling out the steel wire rope 6 to prevent the steel wire rope from being covered when the broken stone is laid;

3) Paving a gravel layer 10 on the geotextile 9, and simultaneously drilling at least one through hole 5 on the concrete block 3;

4) Laying the concrete blocks 3 on the gravel layer 10, and penetrating the steel wire ropes 6 through the through holes 5 of the concrete blocks 3, wherein after at least two concrete blocks 3 are penetrated by one steel wire rope, the tail ends of the steel wire ropes are locked on the reinforcing mesh 7 again, and at the moment, elastic traction is formed between the concrete blocks 3;

5) Building a stone revetment by concrete on the sea-facing side to form a slope surface;

6) Repeating the steps 1) -5) and repeating construction on the foundation structure based on the step 5) to form a slope revetment structure;

7) The vegetation layer is finally formed into an ecological bedrock revetment structure by impacting natural impact and corrosion with silt of seawater for a long time and accumulating the silt on the revetment structure and sowing vegetation seeds.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. An ecological bedrock revetment structure (100) comprising a shore base (8), characterized in that: a reinforcing mesh (7) is laid on the shore base (8), geotextile (9) is laid on the reinforcing mesh (7), and a gravel layer (10) is laid on the geotextile (9); concrete blocks (3) are paved on the gravel layer (10), clipping grooves (2) are formed in the upper surfaces of the concrete blocks (3), a plurality of through holes (5) penetrating through the concrete blocks (3) are formed in the concrete blocks (3), gravel (4) are filled in gaps among the concrete blocks (3), and slope surfaces (1) formed by masonry of stones are further arranged on the geotextile (9) and connected with the concrete blocks (3).

2. The ecological bedrock revetment structure of claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing mesh (7) is 2 layers and is laid in a staggered mode, and the geotextile (9) is 2 layers.

3. The ecological bedrock shore protection structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the stones of the slope surface (1) are formed by pouring and building concrete.

4. The ecological bedrock revetment structure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the concrete reinforcing device also comprises a steel wire rope (6), wherein the starting end of the steel wire rope (6) is locked on the steel bar net (7), then the steel wire rope passes through the through holes (5) in at least more than 2 concrete blocks (3), and then the tail end of the steel wire rope is locked on the steel bar net (7) again.

5. The construction method of the ecological bedrock bank protection structure according to claim 4, comprising the steps of,

1) Firstly, laying a reinforcing mesh (7) on the treated shore base (8), and then laying geotextile (9) on the reinforcing mesh (7);

2) The starting end of the steel wire rope (6) is locked on the steel bar mesh (7), and the steel wire rope (6) is pulled out to prevent the broken stone from being covered when being laid;

3) Paving a gravel layer (10) on the geotextile (9), and simultaneously drilling at least one through hole (5) on the concrete block (3);

4) Laying the concrete blocks (3) on the gravel layer (10), and penetrating the steel wire ropes (6) through the through holes (5) of the concrete blocks (3), wherein the tail ends of the steel wire ropes are locked on the reinforcing mesh (7) again after at least two concrete blocks (3) are penetrated by one steel wire rope, and at the moment, elastic traction is formed between the concrete blocks (3);

5) Building a stone revetment by concrete on the sea-facing side to form a slope surface, and finally forming an ecological bedrock revetment structure (100);

6) Repeating the steps 1) -5) and repeating construction on the foundation structure based on the step 5) to form a slope revetment structure;

7) The silt impacts natural impact and corrosion for a long time through the seawater, and is accumulated on the revetment structure together with the silt, vegetation seeds are sowed, and finally the vegetation layer is formed to form the ecological bedrock revetment structure.

Images