CN115785671B - Aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
The invention provides an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of lubricating materials. The invention mixes polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fiber and liquid phase auxiliary agent; and carrying out melt extrusion on the obtained mixture to obtain the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material. According to the invention, the mechanical property of the polyphenylene sulfide material is regulated and controlled by the aerogel with low modulus and high porosity and the reinforced fiber to cooperatively compound and modify the polyphenylene sulfide, so that the friction coefficient is reduced; and the liquid-phase auxiliary agent is added to carry out liquid-phase auxiliary melt blending on the raw materials, so that the melt dispersion uniformity degree of the polyphenylene sulfide matrix and the aerogel is improved, and the strength and the rigidity of the composite material are ensured. The aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the method has excellent tribological performance, and can effectively prolong the service life of lubricating parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating materials, in particular to an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of lubrication technology, the requirements on antifriction and wear-resistant materials are increasing. Many lubrication components, such as bearings, gears, piston rings, and sliding guides, are required to operate under high temperature conditions, limited by design requirements. Among a plurality of polymer matrix materials applied to high-temperature working conditions, polyphenylene sulfide has high mechanical strength, flame retardance, excellent electrical property and relatively low price, so that the polyphenylene sulfide has wide application in the fields of electronics, automobiles, machinery and chemical industry.
However, application experience for many years shows that the polyphenylene sulfide modified material is difficult to maintain long-term effective lubrication when in service under a high-temperature working condition, and the primary problem is that the polyphenylene sulfide modified material is insufficient in heat resistance stability and friction and wear resistance under the high-temperature working condition. Aerogel density is extremely low, and a large number of holes in the structure can effectively inhibit heat conduction of gas molecules, so that the aerogel is an ideal heat insulation material and is expected to improve heat resistance stability of a polyphenylene sulfide material. However, on one hand, aerogel tends to cause a decrease in mechanical strength and frictional wear properties of the composite material due to its own loose porous structure while improving heat resistance and inhibiting heat conduction of the polymer; on the other hand, the aerogel and the polyphenylene sulfide are difficult to realize uniform blending due to the large density difference, and the high-performance aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide composite material is difficult to prepare in technical means.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method realizes the preparation of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material, and the prepared aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material has high mechanical strength and excellent tribological performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fibers and liquid-phase auxiliary agents to obtain a mixture;
and (3) carrying out melt extrusion on the mixture to obtain the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material.
Preferably, the melt density of the polyphenylene sulfide is 1.30-1.35 g/cm 3 。
Preferably, the aerogel comprises one or more of silica aerogel, zirconium dioxide aerogel and carbon aerogel; the particle size of the aerogel is 10-50 nm, and the porosity is 90-99%.
Preferably, the reinforcing fiber comprises one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and aluminum silicate fiber; the average diameter of the reinforcing fiber is 2-10 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is 5-30.
Preferably, the mass content of the polyphenylene sulfide is 74-80%, the mass content of the aerogel is 0.5-6%, and the mass content of the reinforcing fiber is 15-25% based on the sum of the mass of the polyphenylene sulfide, the aerogel and the reinforcing fiber.
Preferably, the liquid-phase auxiliary agent comprises one or more of methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil and polyether modified silicone oil.
Preferably, the method for mixing the polyphenylene sulfide, the aerogel, the reinforcing fiber and the liquid-phase auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
carrying out first mixing on the polyphenylene sulfide and the liquid-phase auxiliary agent to obtain a first mixture;
performing second mixing on the first mixture and the aerogel to obtain a second mixture;
and thirdly mixing the second mixture and the reinforcing fibers to obtain the mixture.
Preferably, the melt extrusion is performed in a twin screw extruder, the extrusion temperature of the melt extrusion is 280-320 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 30-200 rpm.
Preferably, after the melt extrusion, granulating and injection molding the obtained material in sequence; the injection molding conditions include: the temperature of the charging barrel is 300-330 ℃, the temperature of the die is 140-160 ℃, the injection pressure is 30-80 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 s.
The invention provides the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the preparation method; the friction coefficient of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material is 0.15-0.25, and the thermal conductivity at 250 ℃ is 0.36-0.39W/(m.K).
The invention provides a preparation method of a gel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material, which comprises the following steps: mixing polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fibers and liquid-phase auxiliary agents to obtain a mixture; and (3) carrying out melt extrusion on the mixture to obtain the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material. On the basis of keeping the excellent heat resistance, strength and rigidity of the polyphenylene sulfide, the aerogel with low heat conduction, low modulus and high porosity and the reinforcing fiber synergistically modify the polyphenylene sulfide, regulate and control the mechanical property of the polyphenylene sulfide material and greatly reduce the friction coefficient of the material; in addition, the liquid-phase auxiliary agent is added to carry out liquid-phase auxiliary melt blending on the raw materials, so that the melt dispersion uniformity degree of the polyphenylene sulfide resin matrix and the aerogel can be improved, the uniform dispersion of the extremely low-density aerogel in the high-viscosity polyphenylene sulfide matrix is realized, the reduction of the friction and abrasion performance and the overall strength of the composite material caused by the local stress concentration due to agglomeration and caking is avoided, and the strength and the rigidity of the composite material are ensured.
The invention provides the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the preparation method. The aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material provided by the invention has high mechanical strength and excellent tribological performance, is applied to high-end equipment lubricating parts, and can effectively prolong the service life of the lubricating parts.
The results of the examples show that the thermal conductivity of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the invention is 0.36-0.39W/(m.K) at 250 ℃, the bending strength is 106.7-122.3 MPa, the compression strength is 99.4-110.8 MPa, and the friction coefficient is 0.15-0.25.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the flexural strength and compressive strength of the composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, wherein (a) in FIG. 1 is a graph showing the flexural strength and (b) is a graph showing the compressive strength;
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the microscopic morphologies of the stretched sections of the composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and (a) to (e) in FIG. 2 correspond to the microscopic morphologies of the stretched sections of the composite materials of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, respectively;
fig. 3 is a graph of coefficient of friction and thermal conductivity for the composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and fig. 3 is a graph of coefficient of friction for (a) and thermal conductivity for (room temperature and 250 c).
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fibers and liquid-phase auxiliary agents to obtain a mixture;
and (3) carrying out melt extrusion on the mixture to obtain the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the materials involved are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.
The invention mixes polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fiber and liquid phase auxiliary agent to obtain the mixture. In the present invention, the melt density of the polyphenylene sulfide is preferably 1.30 to 1.35g/cm 3 The polyphenylene sulfide is preferably dried prior to use. In the present invention, the aerogel preferably includes one or more of silica aerogel, zirconia aerogel and carbon aerogel; the particle size of the aerogel is preferably 10-50 nm, more preferably 10-20 nm, and the porosity is preferably 90-99%, more preferably 95-99%; in the embodiment of the invention, the aerogel is more preferably silica aerogel, the silica aerogel has the advantages of high specific surface area and low heat conductivity coefficient, and the silica aerogel can form a transfer film to improve the wear resistance of a polymer matrix in the sliding process due to the function of the surface functional group of the silica aerogel. In the present invention, the reinforcing fiber preferably includes one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and aluminum silicate fiber, more preferably carbon fiber; the reinforcing fibers preferably have an average diameter of 2 to 10. Mu.m, more preferably 6 to 10. Mu.m, and an aspect ratio of 5 to 30, more preferably 10 to 20. In the present invention, the mass content of the polyphenylene sulfide is preferably 74 to 80%, more preferably 74 to 78%, further preferably 76 to 78%, the mass content of the aerogel is preferably 0.5 to 6%, more preferably 2 to 6%, further preferably 4 to 6%, and the mass content of the reinforcing fiber is preferably 15 to 25%, more preferably 15 to 20%, based on the sum of the mass of the polyphenylene sulfide, the aerogel and the reinforcing fiber (the polyphenylene sulfide, the aerogel and the reinforcing fiber constitute the friction material). In the present invention, the liquid-phase auxiliary agent preferably includes one or more of methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil and polyether-modified silicone oil, more preferably methyl silicone oil; the liquid phase auxiliary agent plays a role of a dispersing agent and can enhance the uniform dispersibility of the aerogel in the polyphenylene sulfide matrix. The invention has no special requirement on the dosage of the liquid phase auxiliary agent, and can ensure that the aerogel is in the polyphenylene sulfide matrixDispersing uniformly; in the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the liquid-phase auxiliary agent to the aerogel is preferably 1-2.5:1.
In the present invention, the method for mixing the polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fiber and liquid-phase auxiliary agent is preferably as follows:
carrying out first mixing on the polyphenylene sulfide and the liquid-phase auxiliary agent to obtain a first mixture;
performing second mixing on the first mixture and the aerogel to obtain a second mixture;
and thirdly mixing the second mixture and the reinforcing fibers to obtain the mixture.
The invention preferably drops the liquid phase auxiliary agent into the polyphenylene sulfide for first mixing, and the first mixing is preferably stirring mixing, and the first mixture of uniformly mixing the polyphenylene sulfide and the liquid phase auxiliary agent is obtained after the first mixing. According to the invention, aerogel is preferably added into the first mixture for second mixing, and the second mixing is preferably stirring mixing, so that the speed and time of the second mixing are not particularly required, and the aerogel and the polyphenylene sulfide are uniformly mixed. The invention preferably adds the reinforcing fiber into the second mixture for third mixing, and the third mixing is preferably stirring mixing, and the invention has no special requirements on the speed and time of the third mixing, so that the reinforcing fiber can be uniformly dispersed in the mixed system of the polyphenylene sulfide and the aerogel. The density of the aerogel is extremely low, and the density difference between the aerogel and the polyphenylene sulfide matrix often leads to difficulty in realizing uniform blending of the liquid phase auxiliary agent and the polyphenylene sulfide matrix.
After the mixture is obtained, the mixture is subjected to melt extrusion, and the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material is obtained. In the present invention, the melt extrusion is preferably performed in a twin-screw extruder, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the twin-screw extruder, and a twin-screw extruder well known to those skilled in the art may be used; the extrusion temperature of the melt extrusion is preferably 280 to 320 ℃, more preferably 300 to 310 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is preferably 30 to 200rpm, more preferably 50 to 120rpm. During the melt extrusion process, the added liquid phase auxiliary evaporates without affecting the intrinsic properties of the composite.
After the melt extrusion, the present invention also preferably sequentially pelletizes and injection-molds the resulting material. In the invention, the material obtained after the melt extrusion is preferably granulated and then dried; the temperature of the drying is preferably 110-120 ℃, the time is preferably 3-4 h, and the drying is preferably carried out in a constant temperature oven. In the present invention, the granulation is specifically performed in a granulator, and the particle diameter of the material after the granulation is preferably 0.2 to 0.5cm. The injection molding operation method is not particularly required, and injection molding operation methods well known to those skilled in the art are adopted; the conditions of the injection molding preferably include: the temperature of the charging barrel is 300-330 ℃, preferably 310-320 ℃, the temperature of the die is 140-160 ℃, preferably 140-150 ℃, the injection pressure is 30-80 MPa, preferably 50-80 MPa, and the dwell time is 5-10 s, preferably 5-8 s. According to the invention, through accurate control of injection molding process parameters, the sufficient melting and cooling crystallization rate of the polyphenylene sulfide can be ensured, so that the uniformity of the composite material sample is improved. And after the injection molding, obtaining the formed aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material.
The invention provides the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the preparation method; the friction coefficient of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material is 0.15-0.25, and the thermal conductivity at 250 ℃ is 0.36-0.39W/(m.K). The aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material provided by the invention has excellent tribological performance, is applied to lubricating parts, and can effectively prolong the service life of the lubricating parts.
The aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material and the method for preparing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material comprises the following steps:
(1) 234g of dried polyphenylene sulfide (melt density 1.35 g/cm) was weighed out 3 ) Putting the mixture into a beaker, dripping liquid phase auxiliary agent methyl silicone oil, stirring while adding the liquid phase auxiliary agent, and stopping dripping after the liquid phase auxiliary agent and the polyphenylene sulfide are uniformly mixed (adding 15g of the liquid phase auxiliary agent altogether);
(2) Adding 6g of silica nano aerogel (particle size is 11nm and porosity is 97.7%) into the beaker in the step (1), stirring while adding the silica nano aerogel, and stopping stirring after the silica nano aerogel and the polyphenylene sulfide are uniformly mixed;
(3) Adding 60g of carbon fiber (with the average diameter of 7 mu m and the length-diameter ratio of 14) into the beaker in the step (2) for stirring, and stopping stirring after the carbon fiber and the polyphenylene sulfide/silicon dioxide nano aerogel are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed material;
(4) Carrying out double-screw melt extrusion, granulation and injection molding on the mixed material in the step (3) to obtain an aerogel modified polyphenylene sulfide composite material, namely an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material; wherein, the conditions of melt extrusion are: the extrusion temperature is 280-320 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 120rpm, and the injection molding conditions are as follows: barrel temperature 310 ℃, die temperature 140 ℃, injection pressure 80MPa and dwell time 5s.
Example 2
The preparation method of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material comprises the following steps:
(1) 228g of dried polyphenylene sulfide (melt density 1.35 g/cm) 3 ) Put in a beaker, dropwise add liquid phase auxiliary agent methyl silicone oil, stir while adding liquid phase auxiliary agent, stop dropwise add (add liquid phase auxiliary agent 18g altogether) after liquid phase auxiliary agent and polyphenylene sulfide mix evenly.
(2) Adding 12g of silica nano aerogel (particle size is 11nm and porosity is 97.7%) into the beaker in the step (1), stirring while adding the silica nano aerogel, and stopping stirring after the silica nano aerogel and the polyphenylene sulfide are uniformly mixed;
(3) Adding 60g of carbon fiber (with the average diameter of 7 mu m and the length-diameter ratio of 14) into the beaker in the step (2) for stirring, and stopping stirring after the carbon fiber and the polyphenylene sulfide/silicon dioxide nano aerogel are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed material;
(4) Extruding, granulating and injection molding the mixed material in the step (3) to obtain an aerogel modified polyphenylene sulfide composite material, namely an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material, wherein the melt extrusion conditions are as follows: the extrusion temperature is 280-320 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 120rpm, and the injection molding conditions are as follows: barrel temperature 310 ℃, die temperature 140 ℃, injection pressure 80MPa and dwell time 5s.
Example 3
The preparation method of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material comprises the following steps:
(1) 222g of dried polyphenylene sulfide (melt density 1.35 g/cm) was weighed out 3 ) Putting the mixture into a beaker, dripping liquid phase auxiliary agent methyl silicone oil, stirring while adding the liquid phase auxiliary agent, and stopping dripping after the liquid phase auxiliary agent and the polyphenylene sulfide are uniformly mixed (adding 23g of the liquid phase auxiliary agent together);
(2) Adding 18g of silica nano aerogel (particle size is 11nm and porosity is 97.7%) into the beaker in the step (1), stirring while adding the silica nano aerogel, and stopping stirring after the silica nano aerogel and the polyphenylene sulfide are uniformly mixed;
(3) Adding 60g of carbon fiber (with the average diameter of 7 mu m and the length-diameter ratio of 14) into the beaker in the step (2) for stirring, and stopping stirring after the carbon fiber and the polyphenylene sulfide/silicon dioxide nano aerogel are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed material;
(4) Extruding, granulating and injection molding the mixed material in the step (3) to obtain an aerogel modified polyphenylene sulfide composite material, namely an aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material; wherein, the melt extrusion conditions are: the extrusion temperature is 280-320 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 120rpm, and the injection molding conditions are as follows: barrel temperature 310 ℃, die temperature 140 ℃, injection pressure 80MPa and dwell time 5s.
In order to compare the properties of pure polyphenylene sulfide, single carbon fiber modified polyphenylene sulfide composites, and aerogel modified polyphenylene sulfide composites, the following comparative experiments were performed:
comparative example 1
300g of dried polyphenylene sulfide is subjected to twin-screw melt extrusion, granulation and injection molding to obtain a pure polyphenylene sulfide material; wherein the melt extrusion conditions and injection molding conditions were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Weighing 240g of dried polyphenylene sulfide, placing in a beaker, and then uniformly mixing with 60g of carbon fiber to obtain a mixed material;
extruding, granulating and injection molding the mixed material to obtain a carbon fiber/polyphenylene sulfide composite material; wherein the melt extrusion conditions and injection molding conditions were the same as in example 1.
The composites obtained in examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance testing as follows:
(1) Test method
1) Friction performance test
The composite materials obtained in the examples and the comparative examples and the 316 stainless steel pair are subjected to friction and wear performance test under a pin plate friction and wear testing machine, wherein the test temperature is 25 ℃, the load is 6MPa, and the linear speed is 0.5m/s.
2) Mechanical property and thermal conductivity test
Mechanical property test is carried out on the composite material samples obtained in the examples and the comparative examples on a universal testing machine in a national standard specified size, wherein the size of a bending strength test piece is 80mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 4mm, and the test is measured according to the national standard GB/T9341-2008; the compression test piece is a 10mm multiplied by 4mm long strip, and is measured according to national standard GB/T1041-2008.
The composite material samples obtained in examples and comparative examples were prepared into a wafer-shaped test specimen having a diameter of 12.7mm×2mm, and the heat conductive properties were measured with reference to standard ISO 22007-2, and the measurements were performed at two temperature points of room temperature and 250 ℃.
(2) Test results
1) The flexural strength and compressive strength of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were characterized, and the results are shown in FIG. 1, wherein (a) in FIG. 1 is a flexural strength histogram of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and (b) is a compressive strength histogram of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and the corresponding specific values are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1 (a), after adding carbon fiber and silica nano aerogel, the bending strength of the composite material is reduced with the increase of the aerogel content, but still remains within the applicable range. In FIG. 1 (b), the compressive strength of the composite material decreases with increasing aerogel content at the same fiber addition level.
2) The microstructures of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were characterized, and the results are shown in FIG. 2, and (a) to (e) in FIG. 2 correspond to the drawing section microcosmic charts of the composites of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 2, the polyphenylene sulfide matrix is adopted in the comparative example 1, the section is relatively flat, and after the carbon fiber is added in the comparative example 2, the material is subjected to tensile force, so that more fibers are pulled out of the polyphenylene sulfide matrix. In comparison with comparative example 2, examples 1-3, after the aerogel was added, the fibers partially broken in the matrix under the action of the tensile force, but not completely separated from the matrix, indicating that the addition of aerogel did not destroy the bonding between the matrix and the fibers, and the mechanical properties of the material were maintained to some extent.
3) The tribological properties and the thermal conductivity of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were characterized, and the results are shown in FIG. 3, where (a) in FIG. 3 is a histogram of the friction coefficients of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and (b) is a histogram of the thermal conductivities (room temperature and 250 ℃) of the composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2.
As can be seen from fig. 3 (a), the friction coefficient of the pure polyphenylene sulfide matrix is about 0.394, and the friction coefficient of the composite material is reduced after the carbon fiber and aerogel are added for modification, wherein the friction coefficient of the composite material in example 2 is reduced by 55% compared with that of the pure matrix as low as 0.178; as can be seen from fig. 3 (b), the thermal conductivity of the composite of comparative example 2 was about 0.42W/(m·k) at room temperature, and the thermal conductivity of the composite was reduced after modification by the addition of aerogel, wherein example 1 was reduced by 12% as compared to comparative example 2; the thermal conductivity of comparative example 2 was about 0.47W/(mK) at 250℃and the thermal conductivity of the composite material was reduced to 0.36W/(mK) by 23% as compared with comparative example 2 by modification with aerogel.
4) The mechanical, tribological, thermal conductivity data for the composites prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are set forth in Table 1:
table 1 Performance data for the composite materials prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2
From the above examples, it can be seen that the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the invention has excellent tribological properties on the basis of maintaining mechanical strength and low heat conduction.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fibers and liquid-phase auxiliary agents to obtain a mixture;
carrying out melt extrusion on the mixture to obtain the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material;
the aerogel comprises one or more of silicon dioxide aerogel, zirconium dioxide aerogel and carbon aerogel; the grain diameter of the aerogel is 10-50 nm, and the porosity is 90-99%;
the reinforcing fiber comprises one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and aluminum silicate fiber; the average diameter of the reinforcing fiber is 2-10 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is 5-30;
the liquid phase auxiliary agent comprises one or more of methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil and polyether modified silicone oil;
the mass content of the polyphenylene sulfide is 74-80%, the mass content of the aerogel is 0.5-6%, and the mass content of the reinforcing fiber is 15-25% based on the sum of the mass of the polyphenylene sulfide, the aerogel and the reinforcing fiber.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the polyphenylene sulfide has a melt density of 1.30 to 1.35g/cm 3 。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of mixing the polyphenylene sulfide, aerogel, reinforcing fiber and liquid phase auxiliary agent is:
carrying out first mixing on the polyphenylene sulfide and the liquid-phase auxiliary agent to obtain a first mixture;
performing second mixing on the first mixture and the aerogel to obtain a second mixture;
and thirdly mixing the second mixture and the reinforcing fibers to obtain the mixture.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the melt extrusion is performed in a twin screw extruder at an extrusion temperature of 280 to 320 ℃ and a screw rotation speed of 30 to 200rpm.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the melt extrusion is followed by granulating and injection molding the obtained material in that order; the injection molding conditions include: the temperature of the charging barrel is 300-330 ℃, the temperature of the die is 140-160 ℃, the injection pressure is 30-80 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 s.
6. The aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5; the friction coefficient of the aerogel/polyphenylene sulfide self-lubricating friction material is 0.15-0.25, and the thermal conductivity at 250 ℃ is 0.36-0.39W/(m.K).
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| WO1996015998A1 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-30 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Composite material containing aerogel, process for manufacturing said material and the use thereof |
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| WO1996015998A1 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-30 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Composite material containing aerogel, process for manufacturing said material and the use thereof |
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