CN115785599A - Preparation method of bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage - Google Patents
Preparation method of bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage Download PDFInfo
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- CN115785599A CN115785599A CN202310027465.5A CN202310027465A CN115785599A CN 115785599 A CN115785599 A CN 115785599A CN 202310027465 A CN202310027465 A CN 202310027465A CN 115785599 A CN115785599 A CN 115785599A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage, and belongs to the technical field of hyperspectral camouflage. Taking polyvinyl alcohol as a base material, and taking anhydrous lithium chloride, reversible thermochromic microcapsules and inorganic monochromatic pigment particles as additive materials to obtain a color-changing mixed solution, namely a casting solution; the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is prepared from a wall material and a core material which is fully mixed by a color former, a color developing agent, a hysteretic agent and a solvent; the coloring response temperature is-10 ℃, and the fading response temperature is 60 ℃; and flatly paving the casting solution in a mold to naturally form a film, thus obtaining the bionic thermochromic material. The bionic thermochromic material is used for finely simulating the near-infrared plateau characteristics and the water absorption valley characteristics of a vegetation background in a visible light-near infrared band of 400-2500 nm; when in a coloring state, the bionic thermochromic material presents a color formed by mixing the reversible thermochromic microcapsules with the inorganic monochromatic pigment; when in a fading state, the bionic thermochromic material presents the color of the inorganic monochromatic pigment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hyperspectral camouflage, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage.
Background
The hyperspectral detection technology is an important means for target detection and identification which is rapidly developed in recent years, and the detection waveband of the hyperspectral detection technology is 400-2500 nm. The detection technology can identify the spectral characteristics of the object in a visible light wave band (380-780 nm) and can also identify the spectral characteristics of the object in a near infrared wave band (780-2500 nm). The hyperspectral detection technology is continuously improved, the detection resolution can reach 10 nm and the wave band number can reach more than 200 at present, so that the target camouflage technology needs to be developed towards high-precision camouflage. The aim of high-spectrum camouflage can be achieved by adopting a bionic material with spectral characteristics consistent with those of a background environment in a visible light-near infrared band. A common background environment is typically a vegetation environment. The plant leaves in the vegetation environment occupy a large specific area, so the plant leaves become a main imitation object of the bionic material. The spectral characteristics of the plant leaves comprise visible band spectral characteristics and near infrared band spectral characteristics. The visible light band spectral characteristics of the plant leaves have greater color correlation with the plant leaves, and are substantially related to the contents of different types of pigments in the plant leaves, so that the visible light band spectral characteristics of the plant leaves with different colors are different. The common plant leaves are green, yellow, orange-red and the like. The visible light band spectrum characteristics of the green plant leaves are as follows: (1) A reflection peak exists near 550 nm, called as a green peak, and the intensity is generally 8-20%; (2) The reflectance sharply increases in the wavelength range of 680 to 780 nm, and is called a "red edge". The visible light band spectral characteristics of the yellow plant leaves are as follows: (1) When the wavelength is less than 500 nm, the reflectivity is low, and the intensity is generally lower than 10%; (2) The reflectivity gradually rises in the wave band range of 500-780 nm, and is called as a green edge. The visible light band spectrum characteristics of the orange-red plant leaves are as follows: the reflectivity is lower under short wave, and gradually rises near 550 nm. The near infrared spectrum characteristics of the plant leaves with different colors show consistency: (1) The reflection rate is larger in the wavelength range of 780-1300 nm, the intensity is generally 40-60%, the reflection rate is called as a near-infrared plateau, and the reflection is generated by the high scattering of a pore structure and pigment particles in plant leaves; (2) The reflectivity is low near 1460 nm and 1940 nm, the intensity is 15-25% and 5-10% respectively, and the reflectivity is called as 'water absorption valley', which is caused by water absorption in plant leaves. In practice, when the target is in a maneuvering state, the background environment changes along with the change of the spatial position, and correspondingly, the color of the plant leaves in the background environment also changes; plant leaves in the background environment, where the target is standing still, can change color over time. Therefore, how to prepare the color-adjustable bionic hyperspectral camouflage material becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Traditional camouflage materials are generally camouflage nets, camouflage paints and the like, and the materials can realize the color consistent with that of plant leaves in a visible light wave band, but cannot be matched with the spectrum of the visible light wave band of a background in highlight detection, namely the characteristics of same color and same spectrum cannot be realized. Aiming at the current situation, the bionic material which has the same color and spectrum with the single green plant leaf has been developed at home and abroad by improving the structure and the components of the camouflage net and the camouflage material. However, the bionic material has similar spectrum with plant leaves only in visible light wave bands, and the spectrum in near infrared wave bands is greatly different from the plant leaves, so that the bionic material cannot be applied to a high-precision hyperspectral detection technology. This is due to the fact that this biomimetic material does not have the moisture characteristics of plant leaves. In response to the situation, some researchers have developed a bionic material capable of simulating the reflection spectrum of a single-color plant leaf in the visible light-near infrared band, but the material can only present a static color and cannot realize color change. In recent years, the patent application CN 202110915133.1 really relates to the realization of hyperspectral camouflage by changing the reflection spectrum of a color-changing film in the spectral range of 400-2500 nm in visible and near infrared bands through different applied voltages, but does not give a practical simulation effect. In addition, the patent is to produce a color change by electrical stimulation, and the color does not continue to remain when the electrical stimulation is removed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a color-changing camouflage material used in hyperspectral camouflage, which aims to change the color of a visible light waveband according to thermal stimulation and ensure that a near-infrared waveband has the reflection characteristic consistent with a vegetation background so as to realize camouflage under hyperspectral detection and adapt to the vegetation background with constantly changing color in target movement.
The color-changing camouflage material prepared by the invention generates color change through thermal stimulation, and the color can be continuously maintained after the thermal stimulation is removed, thereby saving energy.
The preparation operation of the bionic thermochromic material adopts a solution casting method, polyvinyl alcohol is used as a base material of the bionic material, and metal chloride, reversible thermochromic microcapsules and monochromatic pigment particles are used as additive materials to prepare the bionic thermochromic material.
The preparation method comprises the following specific preparation operation steps:
(1) Taking polyvinyl alcohol as a base material of a bionic material, dissolving 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol particles in 500 g of deionized water, heating and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution;
(2) Adding 2 g of anhydrous lithium chloride into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
the metal chloride refers to inorganic salt capable of absorbing moisture in air under a high humidity condition or desorbing moisture under a low humidity condition, and is anhydrous lithium chloride powder;
(3) Adding 3.0-4.5 g of reversible thermochromic microcapsules and 1.0-1.2 g of inorganic monochromatic pigment particles into the mixed solution, stirring for 2 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain a color-changing mixed solution, namely a casting solution;
the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is composed of a wall material and a core material, wherein the core material is prepared by fully mixing 10 parts by mass of a color former, 20 parts by mass of a color developing agent, 25 parts by mass of a hysteretic agent and 45 parts by mass of a solvent;
the color developing agent comprises haematochrome-16 (3, 3-bis (N-octyl-2-methylindole) phthalic lactone) or heat-sensitive green (2 ' -anilino-6 ' - (diethylamino) spiro [ 2-benzofuran-3, 9' -xanthine ] -1-ketone);
the color developing agent is bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, diphenol or a combination thereof;
the hysteretic agent is capric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or a combination thereof;
the solvent is phenyl alcohol ((2- (4-phenylmethoxy) ethanol);
the coloring response temperature of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is-10 ℃, the fading response temperature is 60 ℃, namely the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is heated to 60 ℃, the color is changed from a dark colored state to a light faded state, and the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is cooled to-10 ℃, and the color is recovered from the light faded state to the dark colored state;
(4) Standing and defoaming the casting solution, pouring and spreading the casting solution in a mold, and naturally forming a film under the conditions of 25-50 ℃ and 30% of humidity to obtain the bionic thermochromic material;
the bionic thermochromic material is used for realizing the characteristic of finely imitating near-infrared plateau and water absorption valley of a vegetation background at a visible light wave band and a near-infrared wave band of 400-2500 nm; when in a coloring state, the bionic thermochromic material presents a color formed by mixing the reversible thermochromic microcapsules with the inorganic monochromatic pigment; when in a fading state, the bionic thermochromic material presents the color of the inorganic monochromatic pigment.
Furthermore, the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is a reversible thermochromic composition with large hysteresis characteristics embedded in a wall material. The composition is formed by compounding four components of a color developing agent, a solvent and a hysteresis agent, and has the memory functions of reducing temperature, developing color, increasing temperature, fading color and keeping color. The color memory function means that the temperature rise and the color fade temperature are different from the temperature drop and the hysteresis width (the absolute value of the temperature difference between the midpoint of the fade response temperature and the midpoint of the coloring response temperature) exists. The reversible thermochromic composition with the ambient temperature within the hysteresis width is a substance embedded in the wall material of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule referred to by the invention. As shown in fig. 1, reversible thermochromic microcapsules can be reversibly changed between a colored state and a faded state by temperature stimulation. Reversible thermochromic microcapsules can be prepared with reference to the prior art: dispersing a core material in a continuous phase containing a wall material through an emulsification process, adding a reaction monomer and a catalyst in the continuous phase to generate a wall material prepolymer, and slowly depositing the prepolymer on the surface of the core material to form a shell layer with a reticular high molecular structure through polycondensation to obtain the reversible thermochromic microcapsule.
The reversible thermochromic microcapsules comprise reversible thermochromic microcapsules with a green colored state or reversible thermochromic microcapsules with a red colored state;
the color former of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule with the colored state of green is thermosensitive green (2 ' -anilino-6 ' - (diethylamino) spiro [ 2-benzofuran-3, 9' -xanthine ] -1-ketone);
the coloring agent of the red-colored reversible thermochromic microcapsule is haematochrome-16 (3, 3-bis (N-octyl-2-methylindole) phthalic acid lactone).
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
the bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage provided by the invention realizes change between two different colors through temperature stimulation, and the colors can be continuously maintained after the temperature stimulation is removed, namely, the colors can be mutually converted in a stable equilibrium state. As shown in fig. 3, the reversible thermochromic microcapsules, when in the colored state, form a mixed color with the monochromatic pigment; when the reversible thermochromic microcapsules are in a faded state, the color of the material takes on the color of a monochromatic pigment. Therefore, the simulation of the spectral characteristics of the plant leaves with two different colors in the visible light band can be realized by temperature stimulation after a certain amount of reversible thermochromic microcapsules with specific colors and a monochromatic pigment are mixed. The near-infrared plateau in the spectral characteristics of the plant leaves in the near-infrared band can be realized by the high scattering characteristics of the reversible thermochromic microcapsules and the monochromatic pigment particles to light in the band. The "water absorption valley" in the spectral characteristics of plant leaves in the near infrared band can be realized by metal chlorides which can absorb moisture in the air.
Compared with the traditional camouflage material, the bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage can finely simulate the fine reflection spectrum of plant leaves in a visible light-near infrared band, and overcomes the defects of near infrared water absorption valley reflection spectrum characteristics and the like which are not possessed by the traditional camouflage.
Compared with the bionic material which can imitate the reflection spectrum of a plant leaf with a single color in a visible light-near infrared waveband in recent years, the bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage, prepared by the invention, can be switched between two different colors according to the change of the background environment, has better environmental adaptability and flexibility, and better meets the requirement of a complex environment background.
Compared with the existing bionic material with variable colors, the bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage prepared by the invention can be mutually converted between a stable coloring state and a fading state, and the color change has a hysteresis characteristic, so that the energy consumption can be saved: the color of the bionic thermochromic material can be changed under the stimulation of transient external temperature, and then can be continuously maintained, namely, the bionic thermochromic material is not influenced by natural environmental factors such as solar radiation, weather change, temperature fluctuation and the like after the temperature stimulation is removed. In addition, the bionic thermochromic material can expand the regulation and control range from a visible light region to a main waveband of hyperspectral detection, namely a visible light-near infrared waveband of 400-2500 nm, and achieves the characteristics of 'near infrared plateau' and 'water absorption valley' of finely imitating vegetation backgrounds.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the change of color of reversible thermochromic microcapsules used in the present invention with temperature.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of the bionic thermochromic material provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the principle of color change of a biomimetic thermochromic material provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the reflection spectra of the biomimetic thermochromic material prepared in example 1 in the visible-near infrared band when the material is green and yellow.
Fig. 5 shows the reflectance spectra of the biomimetic thermochromic material prepared in example 2 in the visible-near infrared band when the material is orange red and yellow.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples.
The following examples illustrate the sources of materials and equipment used as follows:
polyvinyl alcohol and anhydrous lithium chloride powder manufactured by national chemical group chemical reagent limited were used.
The color former, the color developing agent, the hysteretic agent and the solvent in the reversible thermochromic microcapsule core material are all purchased from a Zhonghua reagent network.
The titanium chrome yellow inorganic pigment produced by the private branch office is dyed by using Tao Bao shop, yuyao dyed maple and plastic. Titanium chromium brown inorganic pigment manufactured by Changsha Zhonglong chemical Co., ltd was used. The electric stirring was carried out by using a JJ-1 type electric stirrer manufactured by xinui instruments ltd, west, jin tan.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, the operation steps for preparing the biomimetic thermochromic material by adopting a solution casting method are as follows:
(1) At normal temperature, 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 500 g of deionized water are added into a three-neck flask, the three-neck flask is placed in a heating sleeve, and the three-neck flask is electrically and mechanically stirred at the stirring speed of 80 rpm/min. Setting the temperature of a heating jacket to 90 ℃, keeping constant temperature and stirring for 1 h when the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, and preparing the polyvinyl alcohol solution.
(2) 2 g of anhydrous lithium chloride powder was added to the flask, stirred uniformly, and cooled to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution.
(3) 4.5 g of reversible thermochromic microcapsules with green coloring state and 1.1 g of titanium chromium yellow inorganic monochromatic pigment are added into the mixed solution, and the mixture is continuously stirred for 2 hours, so that pigment particles are uniformly dispersed to form a casting solution.
The reversible thermochromic microcapsule with the green colored state is composed of a wall material and a core material, wherein the core material is prepared by fully mixing 10 parts by mass of a color former, 20 parts by mass of a color developing agent, 25 parts by mass of a hysteresis agent and 45 parts by mass of a solvent:
the color generating agent is heat-sensitive green (2 ' -anilino-6 ' - (diethylamino) spiro [ 2-benzofuran-3, 9' -xanthine ] -1-ketone);
the color developing agent is bisphenol A;
the hysteretic agent is capric acid;
the solvent is phenyl alcohol ((2- (4-phenylmethoxy) ethanol).
(4) Spreading the casting solution on a mold made of polytetrafluoroethylene, placing the mold in a constant temperature and humidity box with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 30%, and forming a film for about 36 hours; and obtaining the bionic thermochromic material.
Referring to fig. 4, the bionic thermochromic material prepared in example 1 was subjected to ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (shimadzu DUV-3700) to test the reflectance spectra of the bionic thermochromic material under different colors.
The reversible thermochromic microcapsules in the bionic thermochromic material prepared in example 1 have the characteristics that the coloring response temperature is-10 ℃ and the fading response temperature is 60 ℃, namely the reversible thermochromic microcapsules are heated to 60 ℃ to change the color from a dark colored state to a light colored faded state, and cooled to-10 ℃ to recover the color from the light colored faded state to the dark colored state. The principle of color change can be seen in fig. 3, when the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is green (colored), the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is mixed with the titanium-chromium-yellow inorganic monochromatic pigment which is yellow, and the material is green after the mixture of the two because the mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule to the titanium-chromium-yellow inorganic monochromatic pigment is large; when the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is in a light green (fading state), the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is mixed with the titanium chromium yellow inorganic monochromatic pigment which is yellow, the titanium chromium yellow greatly contributes to the color of the material, and the material is yellow. As can be seen from fig. 4, when the biomimetic thermochromic material prepared in example 1 is green, a reflection peak appearing near 500 nm in a visible light band can simulate a green peak characteristic of a green plant leaf, and the reflectivity in a wavelength range of 680 to 780 nm sharply increases, so that a red edge characteristic of the green plant leaf can be simulated; the reflectivity intensity of 780-1300 nm wavelength range under the near infrared wave band is 45-60%, the near infrared plateau characteristic of green plant leaves can be simulated, and the reflectivity intensity of 17% and 7% near 1460 nm and 1940 nm respectively can simulate the water absorption valley characteristic of green plant leaves. When the bionic thermochromic material prepared in the embodiment 1 is yellow, the reflectivity is lower than 10% when the wavelength of the visible light wave band is less than 500 nm, and the reflectivity rapidly rises in the wavelength range of 500-780 nm, so that the green edge characteristic of imitating yellow plant leaves is realized; the reflectivity intensity in the wavelength range of 780-1300 nm under the near-infrared wave band is 40-55%, the characteristic of imitating a 'near-infrared plateau' of a green plant leaf is realized, and the reflectivity intensities near 1460 nm and 1940 nm are respectively 14% and 6%, so that the characteristic of imitating a 'water absorption valley' of the green plant leaf is realized.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the operation steps for preparing the biomimetic thermochromic material by adopting a solution casting method are as follows:
(1) At normal temperature, 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 500 g of deionized water are added into a three-neck flask, the three-neck flask is placed in a heating sleeve, and the three-neck flask is stirred by an electric machine at the stirring speed of 80 rpm/min. Setting the temperature of a heating jacket to 90 ℃, keeping constant temperature and stirring for 1 h when the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, and preparing the polyvinyl alcohol solution.
(2) 2 g of anhydrous lithium chloride powder was added to the flask, stirred uniformly, and cooled to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution.
(3) Adding 3.0 g of reversible thermochromic microcapsules with red coloring state and 1.0 g of titanium chromium brown inorganic monochromatic pigment into the mixed solution, and continuing stirring for 2 hours to uniformly disperse pigment particles to form a casting solution.
The reversible thermochromic microcapsule with the red coloring state is composed of a wall material and a core material, wherein the core material is prepared by fully mixing 10 parts by mass of a color former, 20 parts by mass of a color developing agent, 25 parts by mass of a hysteresis agent and 45 parts by mass of a solvent:
the color former is haematochrome-16 (3, 3-bis (N-octyl-2-methylindole) phthalic acid lactone);
the color developing agent is bisphenol AF;
the hysteretic agent is palmitic acid;
the solvent is phenyl alcohol ((2- (4-phenylmethoxy) ethanol).
(4) Spreading the casting solution on a mold made of polytetrafluoroethylene, placing the mold in a constant temperature and humidity box with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 30%, and forming a film for about 36 hours; thus obtaining the bionic thermochromic material.
Referring to fig. 5, the bionic thermochromic material prepared in example 2 was subjected to ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (shimadzu DUV-3700) to test the reflectance spectra thereof in different colors.
The reversible thermochromic microcapsule in the bionic thermochromic material prepared in example 2 has a coloring response temperature of-10 ℃ and a fading response temperature of 60 ℃, namely, the reversible thermochromic microcapsule has the characteristics that the color is changed from a dark colored state to a light faded state when the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is heated to 60 ℃, and the color is restored from the light faded state to the dark colored state when the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is cooled to-10 ℃. The principle of color change can be seen in fig. 3, when the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is red (colored), the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is mixed with the yellow titanium chromium brown inorganic monochromatic pigment, and the material is orange red after the mixture of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule and the yellow titanium chromium brown inorganic monochromatic pigment due to the large mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule and the yellow titanium chromium brown inorganic monochromatic pigment; when the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is light red (fading state), the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is mixed with a yellow titanium chromium brown inorganic monochromatic pigment, and at the moment, the titanium chromium brown greatly contributes to the color of the material, and the material is yellow. As can be seen from fig. 5, when the biomimetic thermochromic material prepared in example 2 is orange red, the reflectance is lower than 10% when the wavelength of the visible light band is less than 550 nm and the reflectance rapidly increases within the wavelength range of 550 to 700 nm under the visible light band, so that the visible light band spectral characteristics of the orange-red plant leaf can be simulated; the reflectivity intensity in the wavelength range of 780-1300 nm under the near-infrared wave band is 45-55%, the characteristic of imitating a near-infrared plateau of an orange-red plant leaf is realized, and the reflectivity intensities near 1460 nm and 1940 nm are respectively 16% and 6%, so that the characteristic of imitating a water absorption valley of a green plant leaf is realized. When the bionic thermochromic material prepared in the embodiment 2 is yellow, the reflectivity is lower than 10% when the wavelength of the bionic thermochromic material is less than 480 nm under a visible light wave band, and the reflectivity rapidly rises in a wavelength range of 500-780 nm, so that the green edge characteristic of imitating yellow plant leaves is realized; the reflectivity intensity of 780-1300 nm wavelength range under the near-infrared band is 40-50%, the near-infrared plateau characteristic of green plant leaves can be simulated, the reflectivity intensities of 1460 nm and 1940 nm are 15% and 6% respectively, and the water absorption valley characteristic of the green plant leaves can be simulated.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only two preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a bionic thermochromic material for hyperspectral camouflage is characterized by comprising the following steps of: polyvinyl alcohol is taken as a base material of a bionic material, and metal chloride, reversible thermochromic microcapsules and inorganic monochromatic pigment particles are taken as additive materials;
the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) Taking polyvinyl alcohol as a base material of a bionic material, dissolving 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol particles in 500 g of deionized water, heating and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution;
(2) Adding 2 g of metal chloride into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) Adding 3.0-4.5 g of reversible thermochromic microcapsules and 1.0-1.2 g of inorganic monochromatic pigment particles into the mixed solution, stirring for 2 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain a color-changing mixed solution, namely a membrane casting solution;
the reversible thermochromic microcapsule consists of a wall material and a core material, wherein the core material is prepared by fully mixing 10 parts by mass of a color former, 20 parts by mass of a color developer, 25 parts by mass of a hysteresis agent and 45 parts by mass of a solvent;
the color developing agent comprises haematochrome-16 (3, 3-bis (N-octyl-2-methylindole) phthalic lactone) or heat-sensitive green (2 ' -anilino-6 ' - (diethylamino) spiro [ 2-benzofuran-3, 9' -xanthine ] -1-ketone);
the color developing agent is bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, diphenol or the combination thereof;
the hysteretic agent is capric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or a combination thereof;
the solvent is phenyl alcohol ((2- (4-phenylmethoxy) ethanol);
the coloring response temperature of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is-10 ℃, the fading response temperature is 60 ℃, namely the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is heated to 60 ℃, the color is changed from a dark colored state to a light faded state, and the reversible thermochromic microcapsule is cooled to-10 ℃, and the color is recovered from the light faded state to the dark colored state;
(4) Standing and defoaming the casting solution, pouring and spreading the casting solution in a mold, and forming a film under certain temperature and humidity conditions to obtain the bionic thermochromic material;
the bionic thermochromic material is used for realizing the characteristic of finely imitating near-infrared plateau and water absorption valley of a vegetation background at a visible light wave band and a near-infrared wave band of 400-2500 nm; when in a coloring state, the bionic thermochromic material presents a color formed by mixing the reversible thermochromic microcapsules with the inorganic monochromatic pigment; when the color fading state exists, the bionic thermochromic material presents the color of the inorganic monochromatic pigment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), when the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, and the rotating speed is 80 rpm/min, the mixture is kept stirring for 1 hour at constant temperature.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the metal chloride refers to an inorganic salt capable of absorbing moisture in the air under high humidity conditions or desorbing moisture under low humidity conditions, and is anhydrous lithium chloride powder used in the invention.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the inorganic pigment is iron oxide green, chromium oxide green, green nickel oxide, titanium nickel yellow, titanium chromium brown, iron oxide yellow, titanium chromium yellow, iron oxide red, cadmium red and molybdenum chromium red.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the reversible thermochromic microcapsules comprise reversible thermochromic microcapsules with a green coloring state or reversible thermochromic microcapsules with a red coloring state;
the color former of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule with the colored state of green is thermosensitive green (2 ' -anilino-6 ' - (diethylamino) spiro [ 2-benzofuran-3, 9' -xanthine ] -1-ketone);
the color former of the reversible thermochromic microcapsule with the coloring state of red is haematochrome-16 (3, 3-bis (N-octyl-2-methylindole) phthalic acid lactone).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (4) forming a film in a constant temperature and humidity box under the conditions of the temperature of 25-50 ℃ and the humidity of 30%.
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