CN115784371A - Device, system and method for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow - Google Patents
Device, system and method for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly discloses a device, a system and a method for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, aiming at solving the problems of simplifying the equipment structure and avoiding secondary pollution. The device for degrading the wastewater by the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow mainly comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a rotational flow degradation device and a circulating water pump which are connected together in a circulating manner, and a medium container filled with a liquid medium, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and low in manufacturing cost. Through the arrangement that the ultrasonic transducer and the cyclone degradation device are both immersed in the liquid medium, sewage can be subjected to sufficient and uniform sound field influence while generating high-speed cyclone in the cyclone degradation device, so that the sewage degradation effect is greatly improved, no catalyst, adsorbent or other chemical agents are required to be added to assist degradation, a good sewage treatment effect can be achieved, the sewage treatment cost is reduced, and secondary pollution is basically avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a device, a system and a method for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow.
Background
The sewage treatment refers to a process measure and a process for purifying sewage by separating pollutants contained in the sewage or converting the pollutants into harmless substances by using physical, chemical, biological and other methods. Sewage treatment is widely applied to industries such as building, agriculture, traffic, energy, petrifaction, environmental protection, urban landscape, medical treatment, catering and the like, and is also increasingly entering daily life of people.
Taking municipal sewage treatment as an example: municipal sewage is a water source with large water quality change and difficult treatment, the concentration of total dissolved solids, chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and other pollutants changes very frequently, and in addition, the sewage before treatment contains high-concentration organic matters, microorganisms and the like, the components are very complex, and related sewage treatment technologies can tolerate the variability and the high-concentration organic matters and active organisms. Generally, the removal of chemical oxygen demand is not difficult, and the total phosphorus content can be controlled to reach the standard by using a chemical phosphorus removal agent. However, the situation is more complicated in removing total nitrogen due to ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in the water body 4 + N) is toxic to aquatic animals and plants and consumes dissolved oxygen, and is also a nutrient causing eutrophication of water bodies; and if the nitrate nitrogen converted from the ammonia nitrogen is absorbed by the infant through drinking water, methemoglobinemia may be caused, and meanwhile, when the ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen, nitrosamine with a 'triple effect' is generated, so that the health of a human body is seriously threatened. With the proposal of carbon neutralization target in China and the government and citizensFor the improvement of environmental requirements, a more efficient process for treating municipal sewage is urgently needed. How to remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen more efficiently and more greenly has become a hot spot in the field of domestic sewage treatment in recent decades.
There are various sewage treatment apparatuses currently used in the market, for example: ultrasonic wave sewage treatment plant, spiral-flow type sewage treatment plant, ultrasonic wave and spiral-flow coupling type sewage treatment plant etc. but these devices all need to add precious metal catalyst, adsorbent or other chemical agent to assist the degradation basically, and the medicament that uses not only generally is with high costs, can produce a large amount of solid waste moreover, causes the secondary pollution problem, is difficult to realize sustainable green degradation's target.
For example: the patent of the Chinese utility model with the publication number of CN212450731U discloses a high-efficiency air-flotation separation system with rotational flow mixing coupling ultrasonic vibration, which comprises a buffer tank body and an air-flotation separation tank which are connected with each other; the bottom of the air flotation separation tank is provided with a middle water distributor communicated with the clean water tank, the lower part of the air flotation separation tank is provided with a pressure releaser, the upper part of the air flotation separation tank is obliquely provided with an ultrasonic vibration separation plate, and the top of the air flotation separation tank is provided with a chain plate type slag scraper; the buffer pool body is connected with the pressure releaser through a multiphase rotational flow mixing device and a high-frequency ultrasonic vibrator in sequence; a plurality of multiphase rotational flow mixing devices connected in series are arranged in front of the high-frequency ultrasonic vibrator; and the multiphase rotational flow mixing device is also provided with a dosing device and an air compressor.
Although the efficient air flotation separation system utilizing the rotational flow mixing coupling ultrasonic vibration to perform sewage treatment has a good treatment effect, the efficient air flotation separation system comprises a buffer tank body, an air flotation separation tank, a chain plate type slag scraper, a multiphase rotational flow mixing device, a high-frequency ultrasonic vibrator, a pressure releaser, a dosing device, an air compressor and the like, the structure is complex, and medicaments are still required to be used for adsorbing suspended matters and bubbles, so that the use cost is high, solid waste can be generated, and secondary pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for degrading waste water by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, aiming at solving the problems of simplifying the structure of equipment and avoiding secondary pollution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the device for degrading the wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a rotational flow degradation device and a circulating water pump;
the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water pump through a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet of the circulating water pump is connected with the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device through a water inlet pipe;
the device also comprises a medium container filled with a liquid medium;
the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the medium container and is immersed in the liquid medium;
the cyclone degradation device is arranged in the medium container and is immersed in the liquid medium, and an overflow outlet of the cyclone degradation device is communicated with the outside air through an exhaust pipe;
at least part of the pipe section of the exhaust pipe is higher than the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device.
Further, the ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the medium container;
the cyclone degradation device is arranged right above the ultrasonic transducer, the axis line of the cyclone degradation device is parallel to the horizontal plane, the distance between the lower edge of the cyclone degradation device and the ultrasonic transducer is 0.25 t-0.5 t, and t is the integral multiple of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transducer.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducers are at least two and are uniformly distributed on the inner bottom surface of the medium container, and the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducers together can completely cover the cyclone degradation device.
Further, the cyclone degradation device comprises a degradation device main body, the degradation device main body comprises a cylindrical section and a conical cylindrical section, and the column-cone ratio of the degradation device main body is 2-5;
one end of the cylindrical section is a closed end, and one side of the closed end is provided with a side water inlet which is a water inlet of the cyclone degrader;
the large-caliber end of the conical cylinder section is connected with the other end of the cylindrical section, the small-caliber end of the conical cylinder section is provided with a bottom flow port, and the bottom flow port is a water outlet of the cyclone degradation device.
Further, the cyclone degradation device and the circulating water pump are connected through a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe to form a sewage circulating system;
the volume of the cyclone degrader is 2/3-4/5 of that of the sewage circulating system.
Further, the cyclone degrader also comprises an overflow pipe, one end of the overflow pipe extends into the degrader body from the central part of the closed end of the cylindrical section, and a pipe orifice at the other end of the overflow pipe is an overflow outlet of the cyclone degrader;
the inner diameter of the overflow pipe is 1/15-1/10 of the inner diameter of the cylinder section, and the length of the overflow pipe extending into the degradation device main body is larger than the inner diameter of the side water inlet.
Furthermore, a water outlet branch pipe is arranged on the water outlet pipe, a water outlet of the water outlet branch pipe is a purified water outlet, and a water outlet switch is arranged at the purified water outlet;
the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet branch pipe, a water inlet of the water inlet branch pipe is a sewage inlet, and a water inlet switch is arranged at the sewage inlet.
The invention also provides a system for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, which has a simple structure and does not need to use a medicament, and comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a rotational flow degradation device and a circulating water pump;
the number of the cyclone decomposers is at least two, and the cyclone decomposers are arranged in a grading manner according to grades from low to high in sequence;
the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device at the bottommost stage is connected with the water outlet of the circulating water pump through a water inlet pipe;
except for the cyclone degradation device at the bottommost stage, the water inlets of the other cyclone degradation devices are connected with the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device at the stage lower than the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device through a middle pipe;
the water outlet of the cyclone degrader at the highest level is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water pump through the water outlet pipe;
also comprises a medium container filled with liquid medium;
the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the medium container and is immersed in the liquid medium;
the cyclone degraders are arranged in the medium container and are immersed in the liquid medium, and overflow outlets of the cyclone degraders are communicated with the outside air through exhaust pipes;
the exhaust pipe comprises an exhaust connecting pipe section and an exhaust gas outlet pipe section which are communicated with each other, the exhaust connecting pipe section is communicated with the overflow outlets of the cyclone degradation devices, and at least part of the exhaust gas outlet pipe section is higher than the water outlets of all the cyclone degradation devices.
The invention also provides a method for degrading wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow without using a medicament, and the method adopts the device for degrading wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow or the system for degrading wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow to treat sewage.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
adding sewage to be treated into a sewage circulating system; the sewage circulating system is formed by connecting a cyclone degrader and a circulating water pump through a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe, or is formed by connecting a cyclone degrader and a circulating water pump through a water outlet pipe, a water inlet pipe and a middle pipe;
starting a circulating water pump to make sewage circularly flow in a sewage circulating system;
controlling the output power of the circulating water pump to keep the inflow speed of the sewage flowing into the cyclone degradation device at 3-6 m/s; meanwhile, starting the ultrasonic transducer and controlling the output power of the ultrasonic transducer to keep the frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer between 25kHz and 40kHz;
and step four, regulating and controlling the ultrasonic transducer and the circulating water pump, and degrading the sewage for 60-90 min under the coupling action of ultrasonic waves and rotational flow to finish sewage treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The device for degrading the wastewater by the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow mainly comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a rotational flow degradation device and a circulating water pump which are connected together in a circulating manner, and a medium container filled with a liquid medium, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and low in manufacturing cost.
2) The ultrasonic transducer and the cyclone degradation device are both arranged in a liquid medium, so that ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducer are transmitted to the cyclone degradation device through the liquid medium, sewage flowing through the cyclone degradation device is subjected to the high-frequency vibration effect of the ultrasonic waves to generate a large amount of hydroxyl free radicals, meanwhile, the sewage generates high-speed cyclone in the cyclone degradation device, the cyclone can generate a coupling strengthening effect with the generated hydroxyl free radicals, and ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the sewage are degraded.
3) Because the ultrasonic transducer is immersed in the liquid medium, the ultrasonic transducer can generate stable standing waves in the liquid medium, and the sound field formed by ultrasonic waves is distributed more uniformly, so that the cyclone degradation device immersed in the liquid medium and sewage flowing through the cyclone degradation device can be influenced by the sound field fully and uniformly, the ultrasonic cavitation effect is improved, and the sewage degradation effect is greatly improved.
4) In addition, in the process of sewage degradation, the decomposition and the rotational flow of substances inevitably generate gas, the overflow outlet of the rotational flow degradation device is communicated with the outside air through the exhaust pipe, and at least part of pipe sections of the exhaust pipe are higher than the water outlet of the rotational flow degradation device, so that the generated gas is favorably discharged, the sewage in the treatment process can be prevented from being discharged from the exhaust pipe, and the smooth progress of sewage degradation is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the system for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the removal rates of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen after treatment under different conditions in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen concentrations after treatment under different conditions in example 2;
labeled as: the device comprises an ultrasonic transducer 100, a cyclone degrader 200, a cylindrical section 210, a side water inlet 211, a conical cylindrical section 220, a bottom flow port 221, an overflow pipe 230, an overflow outlet 231, a circulating water pump 300, a water pump support seat 310, a water outlet pipe 410, a water outlet branch pipe 411, a purified water outlet 412, a water inlet pipe 420, a water inlet branch pipe 421, a sewage inlet 422, an exhaust pipe 430, an exhaust connecting pipe section 431, an exhaust gas outlet pipe section 432, a middle pipe 440, a medium container 500, a liquid medium 510 and sewage 600.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the term "plurality" means two or more; the expression "mainly comprises or consists of 8230% \8230A, which is interpreted as possibly including structural elements not described in the sentence; "and/or" is only an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example: a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling cyclone comprises an ultrasonic transducer 100, a cyclone degrader 200, a circulating water pump 300 and a medium container 500 filled with a liquid medium 510;
the ultrasonic transducer 100 is a piezoelectric transducer that performs energy conversion using the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric crystal; as the ultrasonic transducer 100 of the apparatus, an emission type ultrasonic transducer or a transceiver type ultrasonic transducer is generally used; when the device is used as a transmitter, electric energy is converted into mechanical energy for movement; when the device is used as a receiver, the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy;
the cyclone degrader 200 is a device for generating a rotational motion by using a fluid pressure, and generally includes a main body member, in which a flow guide chamber and a separation chamber are provided, which are communicated with each other; the flow guide cavity is mainly used for enabling water entering the main body component to form rotational flow, and is usually of a cylindrical structure or a structure with a spiral flow guide groove in the wall; when the flow guide cavity is of a cylindrical structure, a water inlet with the flow inlet direction tangent to the flow guide cavity is usually arranged on the side wall of the main body component; the separation cavity is mainly used for increasing the flow velocity of the rotational flow so as to enhance the coupling strengthening effect of the rotational flow and the hydroxyl free radicals, so that ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the sewage 600 are effectively degraded; the separation cavity is generally a structure with the cross section size gradually reduced along the direction far away from the diversion cavity, and is preferably a conical cavity; a water outlet is usually arranged at one end of the separation cavity far away from the flow guide cavity; the separation chamber also has the function of separating the gases in the water and of varying the diameter so that the cyclone degrader 200 is connected to the pipe; the main body part is also provided with an exhaust structure communicated with the diversion cavity, such as: an overflow outlet 231 for discharging gas generated in the swirling and degradation process of the sewage 600;
the circulating water pump 300 is a machine for sucking the sewage 600, transferring the sewage 600, and pressurizing the sewage 600; the circulation water pump 300 is generally disposed at an upper side of the medium container 500 through a water pump support base 310; the circulating water pump 300 can be various, and a pump capable of generating water pressure of more than 0.2MPa is generally selected, and a pump capable of generating water pressure of 0.2-0.4 MPa is preferably adopted;
the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device 200 is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water pump 300 through the water outlet pipe 410, and the water outlet of the circulating water pump 300 is connected with the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device 200 through the water inlet pipe 420, so that a sewage circulating system is formed, and the sewage 600 can be degraded circularly;
the medium container 500 is mainly used for storing liquid medium 510 and installing the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the cyclone degrader 200, and may be various, for example: liquid storage barrels, water tanks, water pools, and the like; the liquid medium 510 is mainly used to make the ultrasonic transducer 100 generate stable standing waves and make the sound field distribution formed by the ultrasonic waves more uniform; the liquid medium 510 may be various, for example: water, oil, etc.;
the ultrasonic transducer 100 is arranged in the medium container 500 and is immersed in the liquid medium 510;
the cyclone degrader 200 is arranged in the medium container 500 and is immersed in the liquid medium 510, and the overflow outlet 231 of the cyclone degrader 200 is communicated with the outside air through the exhaust pipe 430;
at least part of the pipe sections of the exhaust pipe 430 are higher than the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device 200, so that the generated gas is favorably discharged, and the sewage 600 in the treatment process can be prevented from being discharged from the exhaust pipe 430; preferably, at least a portion of the exhaust pipe 430 is higher than the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device 200, so as to achieve a better anti-overflow effect.
This device of supersound coupling whirl degradation waste water simple structure, convenient operation are swift, the security is high, and it can be under the condition of not adding any auxiliary reagent, degrades sewage 600 through the chemical effect that the physical method produced, and the problem that various macromolecule organic matters were difficult to get rid of in sewage 600 has been solved green, the environmental protection, is fit for being used for handling various sewage 600 that contain macromolecule organic matters.
The device for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow is used for treating the sewage 600, ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 100 can be transmitted to the rotational flow degradation device 200 through the liquid medium 510, so that the sewage 600 in the rotational flow degradation device 200 flows through the rotational flow degradation device, a large amount of hydroxyl radicals are generated under the high-frequency vibration effect of the ultrasonic waves, meanwhile, the sewage 600 generates high-speed rotational flow in the rotational flow degradation device 200, the rotational flow and the generated hydroxyl radicals generate a coupling strengthening effect, and the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen in the sewage are degraded; since the ultrasonic transducer 100 is immersed in the liquid medium 510, it can generate stable standing waves in the liquid medium 510, and make the sound field distribution formed by the ultrasonic waves more uniform, so the cyclone degrader 200 immersed in the liquid medium 510 and the sewage 600 flowing through the cyclone degrader 200 can be affected by the sound field sufficiently and uniformly, the ultrasonic cavitation effect is improved, the sewage degradation effect is greatly improved, and therefore, no catalyst, adsorbent or other chemical agent is required to be added to assist in degradation, and a good sewage treatment effect can be achieved.
Preferably, as further shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic transducer 100 is disposed on the inner bottom surface of the medium container 500;
the cyclone degrader 200 is positioned right above the ultrasonic transducer 100, the axis line of the cyclone degrader is parallel to the horizontal plane, the distance between the lower edge of the cyclone degrader 200 and the ultrasonic transducer 100 is 0.25 t-0.5 t, and t is an integral multiple of the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 100. Therefore, the inner cavity of the cyclone degrader 200 is positioned at the antinode of the standing wave generated by the ultrasonic wave, the energy of the ultrasonic wave can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the degradation effect on ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the sewage 600 is further improved.
In addition, in order to further improve the sewage treatment effect, it is preferable that at least two ultrasonic transducers 100 are uniformly distributed on the inner bottom surface of the medium container 500, and the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducers 100 together can completely cover the cyclone degrader 200. The number of the ultrasonic transducers 100 is generally determined specifically according to the arrangement and the range, as long as the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducers 100 can completely cover the vortex degradation device 200. The ultrasonic transducer 100 may be various, and preferably, a transducer capable of generating ultrasonic waves of 25kHz to 40kHz with an output power of 250W to 700W is used.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 again, the cyclone degrader 200 includes a degrader main body, and the degrader main body includes a cylindrical section 210 and a conical cylindrical section 220;
one end of the cylindrical section 210 is a closed end, and one side of the closed end is provided with a side water inlet 211, and the side water inlet 211 is a water inlet of the cyclone degrader 200;
the large-diameter end of the conical barrel section 220 is connected with the other end of the cylindrical barrel section 210, the small-diameter end of the conical barrel section is provided with a bottom flow port 221, and the bottom flow port 221 is a water outlet of the cyclone degrader 200.
Preferably, the column-cone ratio of the degrader main body is controlled to be 2-5, wherein the column-cone ratio of the degrader main body refers to the ratio of the axial lengths of the cylindrical section 210 and the conical cylindrical section 220; when the column cone ratio is in the range, the sewage 600 in the cyclone degradation device 200 is more uniformly influenced by the sound field due to the longer cylinder section 210; and because the conical cylinder section 220 is shorter, the rotational flow speed of the sewage 600 can be increased more quickly, and the degradation efficiency is improved favorably.
Specifically, the cyclone degrader 200 and the circulating water pump 300 are connected through a water outlet pipe 410 and a water inlet pipe 420 to form a sewage circulating system;
the volume of the cyclone degrader 200 is 2/3-4/5 of that of the sewage circulating system; thus, the sewage 600 in the whole sewage circulating system can be in the cyclone degrader 200 for a longer time, so as to further improve the degradation efficiency.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the cyclone degrader 200 further includes an overflow pipe 230, one end of the overflow pipe 230 extends into the degrader body from the central portion of the closed end of the cylindrical section 210, and a nozzle at the other end of the overflow pipe 230 is an overflow outlet 231 of the cyclone degrader 200;
the inner diameter of the overflow pipe 230 is 1/15-1/10 of the inner diameter of the cylinder section 210, and the length of the overflow pipe extending into the degrader body is greater than the inner diameter of the side water inlet 211; therefore, the gas in the cyclone degrader 200 can be discharged through the overflow pipe 230 smoothly, and the cyclone effect and the degradation effect on the sewage 600 are not influenced. Preferably, the overflow pipe 230 is coaxial with the degrader body, and one end of the overflow pipe 230 extends into the central position of the inner cavity of the cylindrical section 210, so as to achieve a better degassing effect.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a water outlet branch pipe 411 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 410, a water outlet of the water outlet branch pipe 411 is a purified water outlet 412, and a water outlet switch is arranged at the purified water outlet 412; the water outlet branch pipe 411 is mainly used for discharging the treated sewage 600, and the opening and closing of the purified water outlet 412 are controlled through a water outlet switch; the water outlet switch can be various, for example: plugs, valves, etc.;
a water inlet branch pipe 421 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 420, a water inlet of the water inlet branch pipe 421 is a sewage inlet 422, and a water inlet switch is arranged at the sewage inlet 422; the water inlet branch pipe 421 is mainly used for adding sewage 600 to be treated into the sewage circulating system, and the opening and closing of the sewage inlet 422 are controlled by a water inlet switch; the water inlet switch can be various, such as: plugs, valves, etc.
As shown in fig. 2, the system for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling cyclone includes an ultrasonic transducer 100, a cyclone degradation device 200 and a circulating water pump 300;
the number of the cyclone degraders 200 is at least two, and the cyclone degraders are arranged in a grading manner according to grades from low to high;
the water inlet of the cyclone degrader 200 at the bottommost stage is connected with the water outlet of the circulating water pump 300 through a water inlet pipe 420;
except for the cyclone degrader 200 at the bottommost stage, the water inlets of the other cyclone degraders 200 are connected with the water outlet of the cyclone degrader 200 at the stage lower than the water inlet of the other cyclone degraders 200 through a middle pipe 440; for example: a water inlet of the n-th stage cyclone degrader 200 is connected with a water outlet of the n-1 th stage cyclone degrader 200 through a middle pipe 440, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the water outlet of the cyclone degrader 200 at the highest level is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water pump 300 through a water outlet pipe 410;
also included is a media container 500 containing a liquid media 510;
the ultrasonic transducer 100 is arranged in the medium container 500 and is immersed in the liquid medium 510;
the cyclone degraders 200 are arranged in the medium container 500 and are immersed in the liquid medium 510, and the overflow outlets 231 of the cyclone degraders 200 are communicated with the outside air through the exhaust pipes 430;
the exhaust pipe 430 comprises an exhaust connecting pipe section 431 and an exhaust outlet pipe section 432 which are communicated with each other, the exhaust connecting pipe section 431 is communicated with the overflow outlets 231 of the cyclone degraders 200, and at least part of the exhaust outlet pipe section 432 is higher than the water outlets of all the cyclone degraders 200.
The working principle of the system for degrading the wastewater by the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow is the same as that of the device for degrading the wastewater by the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, and the system can meet the treatment requirement of industrial large-scale sewage by connecting a plurality of rotational flow degradation devices 200 in series step by step and arranging a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 100 in a liquid medium 510 to construct a stable ultrasonic field to cover all the rotational flow degradation devices 200.
The invention also provides a method for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, which adopts the device for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow or the system for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow to treat sewage.
The method comprises the following steps:
step one, adding sewage 600 to be treated into a sewage circulating system; the sewage circulating system is formed by connecting the cyclone degradation device 200 and the circulating water pump 300 through the water outlet pipe 410 and the water inlet pipe 420, or is formed by connecting the cyclone degradation device 200 and the circulating water pump 300 through the water outlet pipe 410, the water inlet pipe 420 and the intermediate pipe 440; the amount of the added sewage 600 is generally close to the amount of the sewage filled in the whole cyclone degradation device 200 so as to ensure that the cyclone degradation device 200 can generate stable vortex; the amount of the added sewage 600 is preferably more than 99 percent of the volume of the sewage circulating system;
step two, starting the circulating water pump 300 to enable the sewage 600 to circularly flow in the sewage circulating system; in the process of high-speed circular flowing of the sewage 600, due to the structural characteristics of the cyclone degradation device 200, stable vortex can be generated in the cyclone degradation device 200 by the sewage 600, meanwhile, an air column can be generated at the joint of the vortex interior and the overflow pipe 230, the air of the air column mainly comes from the gas in the small bubbles generated by the high-speed vortex and the gas generated by degradation of the sewage 600, and the gases are discharged from the cyclone degradation device 200 to the outside through the overflow pipe 230 and the exhaust pipe 430;
controlling the output power of the circulating water pump 300 to keep the inflow speed of the sewage 600 flowing into the cyclone degradation device 200 at 3-6 m/s; meanwhile, the ultrasonic transducer 100 is started and the output power of the ultrasonic transducer 100 is controlled, so that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is kept between 25kHz and 40kHz;
regulating and controlling the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulating water pump 300, and degrading the sewage 600 under the coupling action of ultrasonic waves and rotational flows for 60-90 min to finish sewage treatment; the treated sewage 600 can be discharged through the purified water outlet 412, and then the sewage 600 to be treated can be added again through the sewage inlet 422 to continue the sewage treatment.
In the whole treatment process, due to the thermal effect of the ultrasonic waves, the liquid medium 510 in the medium container 500 is continuously evaporated, so that a corresponding amount of the liquid medium 510 is usually required to be supplemented according to the liquid level of the liquid medium 510 in the medium container 500; the liquid level scale marks are usually arranged on the interior of the medium container 500, so that the liquid level can be kept relatively stable as long as the liquid medium 510 in the medium container 500 is kept above the safe liquid level scale, and a good sewage treatment effect is achieved.
Example 1
Laboratory-level verification is carried out on the device and the method for degrading the wastewater by the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow;
manufacturing a device: the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the medium container 500 are equivalently replaced by an ultrasonic cleaning machine; the cyclone degradation device 200 is made of acrylic materials through 3D printing, the inner diameter of a cylinder section 210 is 35mm, the axial length of the cylinder section is 100mm, the axial length of a conical cylinder section 220 is 30mm, and the taper of the conical cylinder section is 5 degrees; transversely arranging the cyclone degrader 200 right above the ultrasonic transducer 100, and enabling the distance between the lower edge of the cyclone degrader 200 and the ultrasonic transducer 100 to be 5cm;
the sewage 600 is treated under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, and the process is as follows:
s1, tunnel wastewater is selected as the wastewater 600 to be degraded, and the total nitrogen concentration of the wastewater 600 is 1.7700mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.4700mg/L; adding the sewage 600 to be treated into a sewage circulating system; the sewage circulating system is formed by connecting a cyclone degrader 200 and a circulating water pump 300 through a water outlet pipe 410 and a water inlet pipe 420;
s2, starting the circulating water pump 300 to enable the sewage 600 to circularly flow in the sewage circulating system;
s3, controlling the output power of the circulating water pump 300 to keep the inflow speed of the sewage 600 flowing into the cyclone degrader 200 at 3m/S; meanwhile, the ultrasonic transducer 100 is started and the output power of the ultrasonic transducer 100 is controlled, so that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is kept at 25kHz, and the ultrasonic power is 250W;
s4, after the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulating water pump 300 are regulated and controlled, degrading the sewage 600 under the coupling action of ultrasonic waves and rotational flows for 60min to finish sewage treatment; after that, the treated sewage 600 is discharged through the purified water outlet 412, and the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulation water pump 300 are turned off.
In the same environmental conditions and working conditions, the above-mentioned sewage treatment method of this embodiment was subjected to a control experiment, in which the control experiment 1 was carried out only under the ultrasonic condition, the control experiment 2 was carried out only under the cyclone condition, and the control experiment 3 was carried out by filtering the sewage 600 and then carrying out the sewage treatment under the ultrasonic coupling cyclone condition.
With reference to fig. 3, the wastewater 600 treated under each condition is detected, and the following results are obtained: under the ultrasonic condition, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 1.1146mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 37.03%, and ammonia nitrogen is not degraded; under the condition of rotational flow, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 1.7622mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 0.44%, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.4524mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 1.2%, so that the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the total nitrogen concentration are not obviously changed before and after the sewage 600 is treated under the condition of rotational flow; under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 0.1200mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 93.22%, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 0.0581mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 96.05%; under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow after filtration, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 0.0998mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 94.36%, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 0.0390mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 97.35%. Therefore, the device for degrading wastewater by using ultrasonic coupling rotational flow provided by the invention can be used for carrying out ultrasonic coupling rotational flow treatment on the sewage 600, and can efficiently and greenly remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen without adding auxiliary agents, and the influence of whether the sewage 600 is filtered on the removal of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is small.
Example 2
A sewage plant adopts the device for degrading the wastewater by the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow to treat raw water at the primary grating;
the principal dimensional parameters of the cyclone degrader 200 of the employed apparatus are as follows: the inner diameter of the cylindrical section 210 is 75mm, the axial length is 150mm, the axial length of the conical section 220 is 60mm, and the taper is 8 degrees;
the sewage 600 is treated under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, and the process is as follows:
s1, selecting raw water at a primary grid of a sewage plant as sewage 600 to be degraded, wherein the total nitrogen concentration of the sewage 600 is 45.9mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 26.3mg/L; adding the sewage 600 to be treated into a sewage circulating system; the sewage circulating system is formed by connecting the cyclone degrader 200 and the circulating water pump 300 through a water outlet pipe 410 and a water inlet pipe 420;
s2, starting the circulating water pump 300 to enable the sewage 600 to circularly flow in the sewage circulating system;
s3, controlling the output power of the circulating water pump 300 to keep the inflow speed of the sewage 600 flowing into the cyclone degradation device 200 at 4.5m/S; meanwhile, the ultrasonic transducer 100 is started and the output power of the ultrasonic transducer 100 is controlled, so that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is kept at 40kHz, and the ultrasonic power is 700W;
s4, after the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulating water pump 300 are well regulated and controlled, the sewage 600 is degraded for 60min under the coupling action of ultrasonic waves and rotational flow, and sewage treatment is completed; after that, the treated sewage 600 is discharged through the purified water outlet 412, and the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulation water pump 300 are turned off.
Under the same environmental conditions and working conditions, the above-mentioned sewage treatment method of this embodiment was subjected to a control experiment, in which control experiment 1 only performs sewage treatment under the ultrasonic condition, and control experiment 2 only performs sewage treatment under the swirling flow condition.
With reference to fig. 4, the wastewater 600 treated under each condition is detected, and the following results are obtained: under the ultrasonic condition, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 32.2mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 29.85 percent, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25.1mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 4.56 percent; under the condition of rotational flow, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 44.1mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 3.92 percent, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25.9mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 1.52 percent, so that the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen concentration are hardly changed obviously before and after the treatment of the sewage 600 under the condition of rotational flow; under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 5.34mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 88.37%, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 3.63mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 86.2%. Therefore, the device for degrading the wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow provided by the invention can be used for carrying out ultrasonic coupling rotational flow treatment on the sewage 600, and can efficiently and environmentally remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen without adding auxiliary agents.
Example 3
The device for degrading the waste water by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow is used for treating the waste water generated in exploitation of certain shale gas in the western Sichuan region;
the principal dimensional parameters of the cyclone degrader 200 of the employed apparatus are as follows: the inner diameter of the cylindrical section 210 is 100mm, the axial length is 200mm, the axial length of the conical section 220 is 80mm, and the taper is 6 degrees;
the sewage 600 is treated under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, and the process is as follows:
s1, selecting shale gas mining wastewater as wastewater 600 to be degraded, wherein the total nitrogen concentration of the wastewater 600 is 60mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 31mg/L; adding the sewage 600 to be treated into a sewage circulating system; the sewage circulating system is formed by connecting a cyclone degrader 200 and a circulating water pump 300 through a water outlet pipe 410 and a water inlet pipe 420;
s2, starting the circulating water pump 300 to enable the sewage 600 to circularly flow in the sewage circulating system;
s3, controlling the output power of the circulating water pump 300 to keep the inflow speed of the sewage 600 flowing into the cyclone degrader 200 at 6m/S; meanwhile, the ultrasonic transducer 100 is started and the output power of the ultrasonic transducer 100 is controlled, so that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is kept at 30kHz, and the ultrasonic power is 500W;
s4, after the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulating water pump 300 are well regulated and controlled, the sewage 600 is degraded for 90min under the coupling action of ultrasonic waves and rotational flow, and sewage treatment is completed; after that, the treated sewage 600 is discharged through the purified water outlet 412, and the ultrasonic transducer 100 and the circulation water pump 300 are turned off.
Under the same environmental conditions and working conditions, the above-mentioned sewage treatment method of this embodiment was subjected to a control experiment, in which control experiment 1 only performs sewage treatment under the ultrasonic condition, and control experiment 2 only performs sewage treatment under the swirling flow condition.
The sewage 600 treated under each condition is detected respectively to obtain: under the ultrasonic condition, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 31mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 48.33%, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration has no obvious change; under the condition of rotational flow, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen concentration do not change obviously before and after the treatment of the sewage 600; under the condition of ultrasonic coupling rotational flow, the total nitrogen concentration of the treated sewage 600 is 5.6mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 90.67%, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 4.1mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 86.77%. Therefore, the device for degrading the wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow provided by the invention can be used for carrying out ultrasonic coupling rotational flow treatment on the wastewater 600, and can efficiently and environmentally remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen without adding auxiliary agents.
Claims (10)
1. The device for degrading the wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow comprises an ultrasonic transducer (100), a rotational flow degradation device (200) and a circulating water pump (300);
the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device (200) is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water pump (300) through a water outlet pipe (410), and the water outlet of the circulating water pump (300) is connected with the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device (200) through a water inlet pipe (420);
the method is characterized in that: also comprises a medium container (500) filled with liquid medium (510);
the ultrasonic transducer (100) is arranged in the medium container (500) and is immersed in the liquid medium (510);
the cyclone degradation device (200) is arranged in the medium container (500) and is immersed in the liquid medium (510), and an overflow outlet (231) of the cyclone degradation device (200) is communicated with the outside air through an exhaust pipe (430);
at least part of the pipe section of the exhaust pipe (430) is higher than the water outlet of the cyclone degradation device (200).
2. The device for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transducer (100) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the medium container (500);
the cyclone degradation device (200) is positioned right above the ultrasonic transducer (100), the axis line of the cyclone degradation device is parallel to the horizontal plane, the distance between the lower edge of the cyclone degradation device (200) and the ultrasonic transducer (100) is 0.25 t-0.5 t, and t is the integral multiple of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transducer (100).
3. The device for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of the ultrasonic transducers (100) is at least two, the ultrasonic transducers are uniformly distributed on the inner bottom surface of the medium container (500), and the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducers (100) can completely cover the cyclone degrader (200).
4. The device for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow according to claim 1, wherein: the cyclone degrader (200) comprises a degrader main body, the degrader main body comprises a cylindrical section (210) and a conical cylindrical section (220), and the column-cone ratio of the degrader main body is 2-5;
one end of the cylinder section (210) is a closed end, a side water inlet (211) is formed in one side of the closed end, and the side water inlet (211) is a water inlet of the cyclone degradation device (200);
the large-caliber end of the conical barrel section (220) is connected with the other end of the cylindrical section (210), the small-caliber end of the conical barrel section is provided with a bottom flow port (221), and the bottom flow port (221) is a water outlet of the cyclone degrader (200).
5. The apparatus for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupled rotational flow according to claim 4, wherein: the cyclone degradation device (200) and the circulating water pump (300) are connected through a water outlet pipe (410) and a water inlet pipe (420) to form a sewage circulating system;
the volume of the cyclone degrader (200) is 2/3-4/5 of that of the sewage circulating system.
6. The device for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow according to claim 4, wherein: the cyclone degrader (200) further comprises an overflow pipe (230), one end of the overflow pipe (230) extends into the degrader body from the central part of the closed end of the cylindrical section (210), and a pipe orifice at the other end of the overflow pipe (230) is an overflow outlet (231) of the cyclone degrader (200);
the inner diameter of the overflow pipe (230) is 1/15-1/10 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical section (210), and the length of the overflow pipe extending into the degrader body is larger than the inner diameter of the side water inlet (211).
7. The apparatus for degrading wastewater by using ultrasonic coupled rotational flow as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: a water outlet branch pipe (411) is arranged on the water outlet pipe (410), a water outlet of the water outlet branch pipe (411) is a purified water outlet (412), and a water outlet switch is arranged at the purified water outlet (412);
be provided with into water branch pipe (421) on inlet tube (420), the water inlet of into water branch pipe (421) is sewage import (422), sewage import (422) department is provided with water inlet switch.
8. The system for degrading the wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow comprises an ultrasonic transducer (100), a rotational flow degradation device (200) and a circulating water pump (300);
the number of the cyclone degraders (200) is at least two, and the cyclone degraders are arranged in a grading manner from low to high in sequence according to grades;
the water inlet of the cyclone degradation device (200) at the bottommost stage is connected with the water outlet of the circulating water pump (300) through a water inlet pipe (420);
except the cyclone degrader (200) at the bottommost stage, the water inlets of the other cyclone degraders (200) are connected with the water outlet of the cyclone degrader (200) at the stage lower than the water inlet of the other cyclone degraders through a middle pipe (440);
the water outlet of the cyclone degrader (200) at the highest stage is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water pump (300) through a water outlet pipe (410);
the method is characterized in that: also comprises a medium container (500) filled with a liquid medium (510);
the ultrasonic transducer (100) is arranged in the medium container (500) and is immersed in the liquid medium (510);
the cyclone degraders (200) are arranged in the medium container (500) and are immersed in the liquid medium (510), and overflow outlets (231) of the cyclone degraders (200) are communicated with the outside air through exhaust pipes (430);
the exhaust pipe (430) comprises an exhaust connecting pipe section (431) and an exhaust outlet pipe section (432) which are communicated with each other, the exhaust connecting pipe section (431) is communicated with the overflow outlets (231) of the cyclone degradation devices (200), and at least part of the exhaust outlet pipe section (432) is higher than the water outlets of all the cyclone degradation devices (200).
9. The method for degrading the wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device for degrading wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 or the system for degrading wastewater by using the ultrasonic coupling rotational flow as claimed in claim 8.
10. The method for degrading wastewater by ultrasonic coupling rotational flow according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
step one, adding sewage (600) to be treated into a sewage circulating system; the sewage circulating system is formed by connecting a cyclone degradation device (200) and a circulating water pump (300) through a water outlet pipe (410) and a water inlet pipe (420), or is formed by connecting the cyclone degradation device (200) and the circulating water pump (300) through the water outlet pipe (410), the water inlet pipe (420) and a middle pipe (440);
step two, starting a circulating water pump (300) to enable the sewage (600) to circularly flow in a sewage circulating system;
controlling the output power of the circulating water pump (300) to keep the inflow speed of the sewage (600) flowing into the cyclone degradation device (200) at 3-6 m/s; meanwhile, the ultrasonic transducer (100) is started and the output power of the ultrasonic transducer (100) is controlled, so that the frequency of the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer is kept between 25kHz and 40kHz;
and step four, regulating and controlling the ultrasonic transducer (100) and the circulating water pump (300), and degrading the sewage (600) under the coupling action of the ultrasonic waves and the rotational flow for 60-90 min to finish sewage treatment.
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