CN115779647B - Flue gas deacidification tower of small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a flue gas deacidification tower of a medium and small-sized household garbage incineration system, which comprises a tower barrel, wherein a plurality of spoilers are arranged in the tower barrel, the interior of the tower barrel is provided with the spoilers, the top of the tower barrel is provided with an exhaust pipe, the lower part of the tower barrel is provided with a venturi tube, and the venturi tube is provided with a process water nozzle and is connected with a three-way pipe cavity provided with a deacidification agent spray pipe; when the device is in operation, flue gas enters the venturi tube through the three-way tube cavity, and is mixed with deacidification agent powder and process water mist in the contraction section and the expansion section of the venturi tube in sequence to form gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow; the deacidification agent in the multiphase flow is contacted with the acid gas to react to remove the acid gas due to the existence of the process water; when the multiphase flow flows in the tower, a plurality of reflux areas are formed under the action of the spoilers at all levels, and part of deacidification agent particles can circulate in the reflux areas for a plurality of times, so that the average residence time of the deacidification agent in the tower is prolonged, the deacidification effect and the utilization efficiency of the deacidification agent are improved, and secondary pollution factors such as process waste liquid and the like are not generated.

Description

Flue gas deacidification tower of small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of domestic waste incineration treatment, in particular to a flue gas deacidification tower of a small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system.

technical background

Incineration treatment is one of the most effective means of reducing and harmless domestic waste. The use of small and medium-sized domestic waste clean incineration systems to dispose domestic waste in a decentralized manner is one of the important development directions for solving urban and rural domestic waste in the future.

Domestic garbage often contains elements such as sulfur and chlorine, which are prone to produce acid gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride during high-temperature incineration. Before the incineration flue gas is discharged outside, the acid gas in it should be effectively treated to make its concentration meet the requirements of the specified emission standards.

Generally, there are wet, semi-dry, and dry processes for the deacidification of domestic waste incineration flue gas. Various processes have their own advantages and disadvantages. Among them, the wet deacidification process has a better effect, but it needs to build a liquid storage system and a treatment system for new pollution factors such as process waste liquid and sediment. The structure of equipment and facilities is complex, and the construction The cost is high and it is easy to cause secondary pollution; the semi-dry deacidification process does not produce process waste liquid and sediment, but the system structure is also relatively complicated, and it is necessary to build a deacidification agent solution blending system and a dust removal system, and the residence time needs to be strictly controlled during operation The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the reaction tower promotes the complete evaporation of the deacidification agent solution to ensure the operation reliability of the downstream dust removal system, so the reaction process is extremely difficult to control and the operation level is extremely high; the dry deacidification process does not produce process waste liquid and sediment , the structure is relatively simple, but the deacidification effect is relatively poor, and the utilization rate of the deacidification agent is not high, it is necessary to build a dust removal system, and in order to ensure the reliability of the operation of the dust removal system, it is necessary to strictly control the temperature when the flue gas flows out of the deacidification tower , It is more difficult to control and operate.

Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional deacidification process, French company ALSTOM proposed a Novel Integrated Desulfurization (NID) process based on the semi-dry deacidification process. In this process, the deacidification agent and process water are directly sprayed into the pipeline , and complete the neutralization reaction in the pipeline to achieve the purpose of deacidification. This process has many advantages, but the desulfurization effect is not good for domestic waste incineration flue gas with relatively large calcium and sulfur. Then, based on the circulating fluidized bed dry desulfurization technology and combined with the NID process, the German WULLF company developed a Reflux Circulating Fluidized Bed Flue Gas Desulfurization (RCFB-FGD) process. The dry deacidification agent powder (usually slaked lime powder) and a certain amount of water mist are sprayed into the tower at the same time to humidify the humidity of the flue gas around the deacidification agent particles, and even establish an environment with liquid water around the deacidification agent particles. After the deacidification agent is in contact with the acid gas, a neutralization reaction occurs rapidly, so as to achieve the purpose of efficiently removing the acid gas in the flue gas. With the evaporation of water in the tower, the final product is a flowable dry powder mixture without secondary pollution. This process has been successfully applied in the flue gas deacidification of large-scale coal and household waste combustion furnaces. The removal rate of SO ₂ can reach more than 90%, and the removal rates of SO ₃ , HF and HCL are generally higher than 95%. The traditional dry method, semi-dry method and other types of deacidification have good comprehensive benefits. However, due to the unstable flue gas flow and temperature of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system, this process cannot be directly applied to the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system.

At present, the small and medium domestic waste incineration treatment stations in my country generally adopt the wet deacidification process with less difficulty in control and operation to deacidify the incineration flue gas. However, because the wet deacidification process requires the construction of a process waste liquid and sediment treatment system, the investment and operation costs are high and the floor area is large. Small and medium-sized domestic waste treatment stations are sensitive to investment and operation costs, and their bearing capacity is weak. The treatment system for process waste liquid and sediment has not been built, resulting in small and medium-sized incineration treatment stations producing new pollution factors such as process waste liquid and sediment while processing domestic waste. With the accumulation of these pollution factors, it is easy to cause pollution around the treatment station. Environmental pollution, which is resisted by the residents around the treatment station, makes it difficult to implement the decentralized domestic waste incineration treatment mode in my country.

Therefore, the development of a deacidification device that is easy to control and operate, has a good deacidification effect, and does not produce process waste liquid and sediment is of great significance to the development of decentralized domestic waste treatment in my country.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the problems faced by the flue gas deacidification link in the current small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system, and proposes a flue gas deacidification tower, which has the advantages of simple control and operation, good deacidification effect, and a deacidification agent The utilization rate is high, and there is no secondary pollution such as process waste liquid and sediment, so it has good economy and environmental protection.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a flue gas deacidification tower for small and medium domestic waste incineration systems based on the RCFB process applied in large-scale domestic waste incineration systems, and the flue gas of small and medium domestic waste incineration systems The deacidification tower is characterized in that it includes a cylindrical tower tube, the lower part of the tower tube is provided with a Venturi tube coincident with its center line, the inlet is at the bottom, and the outlet is at the top, and the lower end of the Venturi tube is provided with a three-way pipe cavity, one inlet and outlet of the three-way lumen is connected with a flue gas pipe, the other inlet and outlet is provided with an inspection door, and the third inlet and outlet is vertically upward and communicated with the inlet of the Venturi tube; the said A deacidification agent nozzle is provided on the three-way lumen, and the outlet direction of the deacidification agent nozzle is upward and its centerline coincides with the centerline of the Venturi tube; the Venturi tube is provided with a connecting process The nozzle of the water pipe, the outlet of the nozzle is located in the inside of the Venturi tube, and is located in the expansion section of the Venturi tube; the inside of the tower is provided with a spoiler, and the top is provided with an exhaust gas connected to it. The exhaust pipe is provided with a temperature sensor.

Further, the outlet of the deacidification agent nozzle is located at the constricted section of the Venturi tube.

Further, there are one or more spoilers, the distance between the first spoiler from bottom to top and the entrance of the tower is θ ₀ , and the diameter of the inner wall of the tower is is Φb, then the value range of θ ₀ /Φb is 0.15-0.45.

Further, the distance between the second spoiler and the first spoiler from bottom to top is θ ₁ , the distance between the third spoiler and the second spoiler is θ ₂ , The distance between the n+1 th spoiler and the n th spoiler is θ _n , and the value range of θ _n+1 /θ _n is 1.08-1.30.

Further, the spoiler is a ring-shaped spoiler, and the structure of the ring-shaped spoiler is an annular flat plate with a central hole, and the center line of the central hole is in line with the The centerlines of the tower are coincident, and the outer circumference of the annular flat plate matches the inner wall of the tower.

Further, the diameter of the central circular hole of the annular plate-shaped spoiler is Φa, and the diameter of the inner wall of the tower is Φb, so the value range of Φa/Φb is 0.35-0.65.

Further, the spoiler is a cone-shaped spoiler, and the structure of the cone-shaped spoiler is a frustum-shaped thin-walled cone, and the value of the angle β between its generatrix and its center line is The range is 28-50°. When the cone-shaped spoiler is installed inside the tower, its centerline coincides with the centerline of the tower, and the small end faces downward. The end faces up and fits the inner wall of the tower.

Further, the effective inner diameter of the small end of the cone-shaped spoiler is Φm, and the diameter of the inner wall of the tower is Φb, so the value range of Φm/Φb is 0.38-0.70.

Further, the spoiler is a combined spoiler, the structure of the combined spoiler includes a frustum-shaped thin-walled conical section, the large end of the conical section is provided with an annular plate, and the The centerline of the annular plate coincides with the centerline of the conical section, and the value range of the angle γ between the generatrix of the conical section and its centerline is 25-45°; the effective flow section at the small end of the conical section forms the main air flow channel; when the combined spoiler is installed inside the tower, the small end of the tapered section faces downwards, and its centerline coincides with the centerline of the tower; The inner wall of the cylinder fits.

With the above structure, when the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system is working, the flue gas containing acid gas enters the three-way lumen through the flue gas pipe, and turns upward in the three-way lumen, and enters the three-way lumen. Venturi tube, at the same time, the dry deacidification agent powder is conveyed by compressed air and sprayed into the venturi tube through the deacidification agent nozzle. As the flue gas is accelerated in the venturi tube, the deacidification agent is mixed with the flue gas, After crossing the throat of the Venturi tube, a flue gas mixed with a deacidification agent is formed in the expansion section of the Venturi tube; the process water with a certain pressure is sprayed into the Venturi tube through the process water pipe and the nozzle. The expansion section of the inner tube forms water mist, which is further mixed with the flue gas mixed with the deacidification agent to form a multiphase flow of gas, liquid and solid; under the action of the water mist, the surroundings of the deacidification agent powder particles are humidified, even in the The surface of the deacidification agent powder particles is covered with a layer of liquid water, so that acid gases such as SO ₂ and HCl in the flue gas can be efficiently neutralized after contacting the deacidification agent to form a reaction product, thereby removing the acid gas from the flue gas. The purpose of the acid gas; as the multiphase flow advances to the inside of the tower, the turbulence intensity of the multiphase flow in the tower will be greatly increased by the turbulence arranged inside the tower, thereby increasing the amount of deacidification agent The contact with the acid gas is more sufficient, on the other hand, it will cause the powder particle group composed of part of the deacidification agent and the reaction product to flow back in the tower to form a backflow particle group, and under the action of the reflux air flow in the tower to form multiple circulation reflux zones , greatly increasing the average residence time of the particle phase in the tower. The effects of the above two aspects can well ensure the deacidification effect and reduce the consumption of deacidification agent;

As more and more particles participate in the reflux in the tower, and under the action of liquid water, there will be a situation where the particles stick to each other and develop in volume. When the apparent volume of the particles develops to a certain extent, when the upward drag force of the airflow on the particles is not enough to overcome its gravity, part of the returning particle group may move downward against the macroscopic direction of the airflow and enter the spoiler The main airflow channel, because the airflow velocity of the main airflow channel is high, the force of the airflow on the recirculation particle group increases, which will restrict the upward movement of some particles and enter the circulation recirculation zone again; when the airflow velocity of the main airflow channel is still not enough to restrain For larger particles, these particles may further descend to the expansion section of the Venturi tube, and the airflow velocity from the expansion section of the Venturi tube to its throat is getting higher and higher, and the relative velocity between the airflow and the particle phase It is also getting bigger and bigger, and the aerodynamic force of the airflow on the particle phase is also getting bigger and bigger. The aerodynamic force may crush some of the large-volume particles that are cohesive with each other and carry them upward to the tower, and the large-volume particles that have not been crushed will also is brought downstream, so that the larger particles flow circularly between the expansion section of the Venturi tube and a certain level of spoiler, thereby forming a stable multiphase flow and circular motion in the deacidification tower of refluxing particles.

As the gas flow flows from bottom to top macroscopically in the tower, the water in the multiphase flow will gradually evaporate, and the deacidification agent and deacidification reaction products will gradually become dry powder particles, and some of them will form an external discharge with the airflow. The two-phase flow is discharged from the tower through the exhaust pipe, flows to the downstream dust removal equipment and is intercepted.

When the flue gas flow from the upstream suddenly drops sharply or even interrupts, and the particle phase in the tower suddenly loses the upward drag force of the air flow, it will fall downward, cross the Venturi tube, and enter the tee pipe cavity , or even block the gas path. At this time, it is necessary to open the inspection door located on the three-way lumen to discharge the deacidification agent and the powder of the reaction product accumulated in the three-way lumen.

When the temperature of the upstream flue gas is low to a certain extent, that is, its internal energy is not enough to evaporate the liquid water in the multiphase flow inside the tower, it means that the air temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than the set value, Then reduce or even stop the supply of process water to protect the operation reliability of the downstream dust collector;

When the temperature of the upstream flue gas reaches a certain level, that is, when the process water entering the Venturi tube has evaporated rapidly within a certain period of time, it means that the temperature of the gas flow detected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set value, then add Large process water flow rate to improve the deacidification effect and protect the operation safety of the downstream dust collector.

When the deacidification tower is going to stop running, the supply of deacidification agent powder and process water can be stopped in advance, the particle phase in the tower will gradually dry out, and will be gradually taken out of the deacidification tower by the airflow, and then shut down.

Therefore adopting the structure of the present invention, the beneficial effect is: 1) under the situation of not increasing the height of the deacidification tower, the deacidification agent is refluxed in the deacidification tower and forms a plurality of circulation zones, can make the average of the deacidification agent in the tower The residence time is greatly extended, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of the deacidification agent and reducing the consumption of the deacidification agent; 2) The turbulence intensity of the gas flow in the tower is very high, which is conducive to strengthening the contact between the deacidification agent and the acid gas components in the flue gas , so as to achieve excellent deacidification effect; 3) The process water entering the deacidification tower is completely evaporated, and no new pollution factors such as process waste liquid and sediment will be produced, which is conducive to saving the total investment cost; 4) It can realize automatic operation, It is easy to maintain and easy to operate, and can better meet the requirements of small and medium domestic waste incineration systems.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the flue gas deacidification tower of the medium and small domestic waste incineration system provided by the present invention

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of I in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the first embodiment of the partially enlarged view at II of Fig. 1;

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of III in Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is the second embodiment of the partially enlarged view at II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of place IV in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a third embodiment of the partially enlarged view at II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of V in Fig. 7;

Wherein, the corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the part names in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8 is:

1—sulfur-containing flue gas; 2—flue gas pipe; 3—tee pipe cavity; 4—inspection door; 5—deacidification agent nozzle; 6—deacidification agent; 7—venturi tube; 8—process water pipe; 9—nozzle; 10—spoiler; 11—multiphase flow; 12—recirculation recirculation zone; 13—reflux particle group; 14—exhaust pipe; 15—temperature sensor; 16—exhaust two-phase flow; 17—mixing Flue gas with deacidification agent; 18—process water; 19—tower; 20—annular plate spoiler; 21—main air flow channel; 22—conical barrel spoiler; 23—combined spoiler; 23a —annular plate; 23b—conical section; 24—combined spoiler

Detailed ways:

The core of the present invention is to provide a structure for the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium domestic waste incineration system. The turbulence intensity in the tower, and promote the reflux and circulation of the granular phase composed of the deacidification agent and the reaction product in the tower, thus forming multiple dense multiphase flow circulation reflux zones close to the fluidized bed in the tower, thereby increasing the acidity The contact between the gas and the deacidification agent improves the deacidification effect and reduces the consumption of the deacidification agent.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

In this specific embodiment, the structure of the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium domestic waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, wherein: Figure 1 is the basic The front view of the embodiment partially shows the structure of the present embodiment; Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the I place of Fig. 1, showing the Venturi tube 7, deacidification agent spray pipe 5, process water pipe 8 and nozzle 9 The structure between; Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of II in Figure 1, showing the structure of the ring-shaped spoiler 20 in this embodiment and its installation method in the tower 19; Figure 4 is the structure of Figure 3 The partial enlarged view at III further shows the structure of the ring-shaped spoiler 20;

The structure of the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium domestic waste incineration system includes a vertically arranged hollow cylindrical tower 19, the lower part of the tower 19 is provided with a Venturi tube 7, and the Venturi tube The centerline of 7 coincides with the centerline of the tower tube 19; the lower end of the venturi tube 7 is the airflow inlet end, and the upper end is the airflow outlet end, and a three-way lumen 3 is provided below the venturi tube 7; One inlet and outlet of the three-way lumen 3 is connected to the flue gas pipe 2, the other inlet and outlet is provided with an inspection door 4, and the third inlet and outlet is vertically upward and communicated with the inlet of the Venturi tube 7;

The three-way lumen 3 is provided with a deacidifying agent nozzle 5, the outlet of the deacidifying agent nozzle 5 coincides with the center line of the Venturi tube 7, and the direction of the outlet is vertically upwards, located in the venturi tube 7. the constricted section of the tube 7;

The venturi tube 7 is provided with a process water pipe 8, and the process water pipe 8 is provided with a nozzle 9, and the outlet of the nozzle 9 is located at the expansion section inside the venturi tube 7;

The interior of the tower 19 is provided with multiple ring-plate-shaped spoilers 20, the distance between the first ring-plate-shaped spoiler 20 and the inlet of the tower 19 is θ ₀ , the The diameter of the inner wall of the tower 19 is Φb, then the value range of θ ₀ /Φb is 0.15-0.45; The distance between is θ _n , then, θ _n+1 /θ _n n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and the value range is 1.1-1.3;

The structure of the annular plate-shaped spoiler 20 is an annular flat plate with a central circular hole, the central circular hole is the main air flow channel 21, and its centerline coincides with the centerline of the tower tube 19, so The outer peripheral side wall of the annular flat plate cooperates with the inner wall of the tower 19, and the diameter Φa of the central circular hole is set, then the value range of Φa/Φb is 0.35-0.65;

The top of the tower 19 is provided with an exhaust pipe 14 communicating with it, and the exhaust pipe 14 is provided with a temperature sensor 15;

When the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system is working, the flue gas 1 containing acid gases such as SO ₂ and HCl enters the three-way lumen 3 from the flue gas pipe 2, and folds in the three-way lumen 3 While flowing upwards, it enters the Venturi tube 7;

The dry powder deacidification agent 6 is sprayed into the contraction section of the Venturi tube 7 through the deacidification agent nozzle 5 under the delivery of compressed air, the deacidification agent 6 is mixed with the flue gas 1, and passes through the venturi tube upwards Form the flue gas 17 that is mixed with deacidifying agent behind the throat of 7;

The process water 18 with a certain pressure enters the nozzle 9 through the process water pipe 8, and is sprayed into the expansion section of the Venturi tube 7 to form water mist, which is mixed with the flue gas 17 mixed with deacidification agent to form a Gas, liquid, and solid multiphase flow 11; the water mist in the multiphase flow 11 will humidify around the powder particles of the deacidification agent 6, or form a layer of liquid water on the surface of the powder particles, in the environment of liquid water , SO ₂ , HCl and other acid gases can be neutralized more efficiently after being contacted with the deacidification agent 6 to form reaction products, thereby achieving the purpose of removing acid gases in the flue gas 1;

In the upward process of the multiphase flow 11, since the tower tube 19 is provided with an annular plate-shaped spoiler 20, the turbulence intensity of the multiphase flow 11 will be greatly increased, and part of the deacidification agent 6 and the reaction product The particles flow back downstream of the annular plate-shaped spoiler 20 to form a return particle group 13, that is, the downstream of each stage of the annular plate-shaped spoiler 20 forms a circulation that entrains a large number of return particle groups 13 Recirculation zone 12;

When the recirculation particle group 13 moves in the circulation recirculation zone 12, due to the existence of liquid water, some particles may adhere to each other to increase the apparent volume. When the apparent volume of the particles develops to a certain extent, when the upward drag force of the airflow on the particles is not enough to overcome its gravity, part of the recirculating particle group 13 may move downward against the macroscopic direction of the airflow and enter the annular plate-shaped disturbance. The main air flow channel 21 of the deflector 20, because the air flow velocity of the main air flow channel 21 is relatively high, the force of the air flow on the return particle group 13 increases, which will restrict the return flow particle group 13 to move upward or return to a certain recirculation recirculation zone 12 again;

When the air flow rate of the main airflow channel 21 is still not enough to confine the large-volume particles, these particles may further descend to the expansion section of the Venturi tube 7, and the expansion section of the Venturi tube 7 is between its throat. The airflow velocity between the airflow is getting higher and higher, the relative speed between the airflow and the particles is also increasing, and the aerodynamic force of the airflow on the particles is also increasing. To the inside of the tower tube, re-enter a certain circulation reflux zone 12 or take it out of the deacidification tower; and for large-volume particles that cannot be crushed, they will also move downstream and upward under the airflow, making these volumes larger The particles circulate between the expansion section of the Venturi tube 7 and a certain annular plate-shaped spoiler 20, thereby forming a stable multiphase flow 11 and multiple circulation reflux zones 12 in the tower. Thereby greatly increasing the residence time of the deacidification agent 6 inside the deacidification tower to improve the deacidification efficiency and reduce the consumption of the deacidification agent.

As the multiphase flow 11 flows from bottom to top in the tower tube 19, the moisture therein will gradually evaporate, and the deacidification agent 6 and the deacidification reaction product will gradually become dry powder particles, and a part will be mixed with The airflow forms an outflow two-phase flow 16 and exits the tower 19 from the exhaust pipe 14, flows to the downstream dust removal equipment and is intercepted.

When the flow rate of the flue gas 1 suddenly drops sharply, and the particle phase in the tower suddenly loses the upward drag force of the air flow, it will fall downward, cross the Venturi tube 7, and enter the three-way pipe cavity 3 At this time, the inspection door 4 needs to be opened to discharge the powder particles in the three-way lumen 3 .

When the temperature of the flue gas 1 is too low, that is, its internal energy is not enough to evaporate the liquid water in the multiphase flow 11 inside the tower, it means that the external two-phase flow 16 detected by the temperature sensor 15 If the temperature is lower than the set value, reduce or even stop the flow of process water 18 to protect the reliability of the downstream dust collector;

When the temperature of the flue gas 1 is too high, that is, when the process water 18 entering the Venturi tube 7 has evaporated rapidly in a short period of time, it means that the exhausted two-phase flow 16 detected by the temperature sensor 15 When the air temperature is higher than the set value, the flow rate of the process water 18 is increased to improve the deacidification effect and protect the operation safety of the downstream dust collector.

Example 2:

In this specific embodiment, the second embodiment of the flue gas deacidification tower structure of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system of the present invention is provided. On the basis of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, refer to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, wherein Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of II in Fig. 1, showing the structure of the cone-shaped spoiler 22 in this embodiment and its installation in the tower. The installation method in the cylinder 19; FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of IV in FIG. 5, which further shows the structure of the cone-shaped spoiler 22.

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is:

① Change one or all of the annular plate-shaped spoilers 20 into cone-shaped spoilers

streamer 22;

②The structure of the conical cylindrical spoiler 22 is a frustoconical thin-walled ring, and the value range of the angle β between the generatrix and the center line of the frustoconical thin-walled ring is 28-50°; The effective flow surface of the small end of the spoiler 22 forms a main air flow channel 21 with a diameter of Φm, and the effective inner diameter of the tower 19 is Φb, so the value range of Φm/Φb is 0.38-0.70;

③The cone-shaped spoiler 2 is installed in the tower 19 in such a way that the centerline of the cone-shaped spoiler 22 coincides with the centerline of the tower 19; The end faces down, and the big end faces up and fits with the inner wall of the tower tube 19 .

Example 3:

In this specific embodiment, the third embodiment of the structure of the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium domestic waste incineration system of the present invention is provided. On the basis of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, refer to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, wherein Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of II in Fig. 1, showing the structure of the combined spoiler 23 in this embodiment and its installation in the tower 19 Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of V in Figure 7, which further shows the structure of the combined spoiler 23.

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is:

① Change one or all of the annular plate-shaped spoilers 20 into combined spoilers 23;

②The structure of the combined spoiler 23 is to include a conical section 23a, the large end of the conical section 23a is provided with an annular plate 23b, both of which are symmetrical to the center line and coincide with the center line; The range of the included angle γ between the generatrix of the shaped section 23a and its center line is 25-45°; the effective flow area of the small end of the tapered section 23a forms the main airflow channel 21, and its diameter is Φn, the described The effective inner diameter of the tower tube 19 is Φb, so the value range of Φn/Φb is 0.35-0.70.

③The installation method of the combined spoiler 23 in the tower 19 is that the center line of the combined spoiler 23 coincides with the center line of the tower 19; The small end faces downward, and the outer peripheral side wall of the annular plate 23 b fits with the inner wall of the tower 19 .

The structure of the flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium domestic waste incineration system provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. The structure and working principle of the present invention are described through specific embodiments, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be combined and modified in several embodiments, such as setting temperature sensors, pressure sensors, connection methods at certain positions, etc. Lanes, fasteners, etc., these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

It should also be noted that, first, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, some orientation words used in order to clearly describe the technical features of the present invention, such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" , "side", etc. are all relative to the normal orientation of the ground when the deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system of the present invention is normally installed, for example, the orientation relatively far away from the ground is "up", close to The side of the center line in the vertical direction of the furnace body is "inner", the direction perpendicular to the up and down is "side" and so on; second, the present invention is mainly used in small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration systems, but it does not mean that the present invention proposes The structure cannot be applied to other occasions, including medical waste incineration systems, industrial solid waste incineration systems, coal-fired boiler systems, etc. When the present invention is used in other occasions, the claims of the present invention should also be protected.

Claims (9)

1. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system is characterized in that it includes a cylindrical tower (19), and the lower part of the tower (19) is provided with a center line coincident with the inlet, and the outlet is at the bottom. The upper Venturi tube (7), the lower end of the Venturi tube (7) is provided with a three-way lumen (3), and an inlet and outlet of the three-way lumen (3) is connected with a flue gas pipe (2), An inspection door (4) is provided on the other inlet and outlet, and the third inlet and outlet is vertically upward and connected with the inlet of the Venturi tube (7); the three-way lumen (3) is provided with a deacidification valve agent nozzle (5), the outlet direction of the deacidification agent nozzle (5) is upward and its centerline coincides with the centerline of the venturi tube (7); There is a nozzle (9) connected to the process water pipe (8), the outlet of the nozzle (9) is located inside the Venturi tube (7), and is located in the expansion section of the Venturi tube (7); the tower The inside of the barrel (19) is provided with a spoiler (10), and the top is provided with an exhaust pipe (14) connected thereto, and the exhaust pipe (14) is provided with a temperature sensor (15); The flow device (10) is an annular plate-shaped spoiler (20), and the structure of the annular plate-shaped spoiler (20) includes an annular flat plate with a central circular hole, and the center line of the central circular hole is in line with the The centerlines of the tower (19) coincide, and the outer circumference of the annular flat plate matches the inner wall of the tower (19). 2. The flue gas deacidification tower of the medium and small domestic waste incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outlet of the deacidification agent nozzle (5) is located at the contraction section of the Venturi tube (7) . 3. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the said spoiler (10) is one or more than one, the first from bottom to top The distance between the channel spoiler (10) and the inlet of the tower (19) is θ ₀ , and the diameter of the inner wall of the tower (19) is Φb, then the value range of θ ₀ /Φb is 0.15 -0.45. 4. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the second spoiler (10) and the first spoiler (10) from bottom to top The distance between them is θ ₁ , the distance between the third spoiler (10) and the second spoiler (10) is θ ₂ , the n+1th spoiler and the nth spoiler The distance between them is θ _n , and the value range of θ _n+1 /θ _n is 1.08-1.30. 5. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the diameter of the central circular hole of the annular plate-shaped spoiler (20) is Φa, and the diameter of the tower tube is (19) The diameter of the inner wall is Φb, then the value range of Φa/Φb is 0.35-0.65. 6. The flue gas deacidification tower of the medium-sized and small domestic waste incineration system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, said spoiler (10) can also be a cone-shaped spoiler ( 22), the structure of the cone-shaped spoiler (22) is a frustum-shaped thin-walled cone, and the value range of the angle β between its generatrix and its center line is 28-50°, and the cone When the shaped spoiler (22) is installed inside the tower tube (19), its center line coincides with the center line of the tower tube (19), the small end faces downward, and the effective circulation channel of the small end is the main air flow channel (21), The big end faces up and cooperates with the inner wall of the tower tube (19). 7. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the effective inner diameter of the small end of the cone-shaped spoiler (22) is Φm, and the tower tube ( 19) The diameter of the inner wall is Φb, then the value range of Φm/Φb is 0.38-0.70. 8. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized household waste incineration system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, the described spoiler (10) can also be a combined spoiler (23) , the structure of the combined spoiler (23) includes a frustoconical thin-walled conical section (23a), the large end of the conical section (23a) is provided with an annular plate (23b), and the annular plate The centerline of (23b) coincides with the centerline of the tapered section (23a), and the value range of the generatrix of the tapered section (23a) and its centerline angle γ is 25-45 °; the tapered section ( 23a) The effective flow cross-section of the small end forms the main airflow channel (21); when the combined spoiler (23) is installed inside the tower (19), the small end of the tapered section (23a) faces downward, and its The center line coincides with the center line of the tower (19), and the outer peripheral side wall of the annular plate (23b) is matched with the inner wall of the tower (19). 9. The flue gas deacidification tower of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration system according to claim 8, characterized in that, the effective inner diameter of the small end of the tapered section (23a) is Φn, and the inner wall of the tower (19) The diameter of Φb is Φb, then the value range of Φn/Φb is 0.35-0.70.