CN115775838A - Photovoltaic module and preparation method - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115775838A
CN115775838A CN202211601073.7A CN202211601073A CN115775838A CN 115775838 A CN115775838 A CN 115775838A CN 202211601073 A CN202211601073 A CN 202211601073A CN 115775838 A CN115775838 A CN 115775838A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
grid line
line structure
extension
photovoltaic module
battery piece
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202211601073.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
夏志鹏
黄纪德
王龙
王卉
刘长明
张昕宇
金浩
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Jinko Solar Haining Co Ltd
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Jinko Solar Haining Co Ltd
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Application filed by Jinko Solar Haining Co Ltd filed Critical Jinko Solar Haining Co Ltd
Priority to CN202211601073.7A priority Critical patent/CN115775838A/en
Publication of CN115775838A publication Critical patent/CN115775838A/en
Priority to DE202023102186.7U priority patent/DE202023102186U1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022433—Particular geometry of the grid contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to the field of photovoltaics, and provides a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises: the battery piece is provided with grid line structures which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the connecting parts are arranged at intervals along the second direction, are positioned on the surface of the battery piece and are electrically contacted with at least one grid line structure; for the same connecting part, more than 70% of the connecting parts are provided with extension parts contacted with the grid line structure, and the extension parts extend towards the direction close to the grid line structure; the packaging layer covers the surface of the connecting component and the surface of the battery piece; the cover plate is positioned on one side, far away from the battery piece, of the packaging layer; wherein the first direction intersects the second direction. The photovoltaic module and the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the application can at least improve the welding effect between the grid line and the welding strip.

Description

Photovoltaic module and preparation method
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Solar cells are devices that directly convert light energy into electrical energy by the photoelectric or photochemical effect. The single solar cell cannot be directly used for power generation. Several single batteries must be connected in series and parallel by solder strips and tightly packaged into an assembly for use. The solar cell module (also called solar panel) is a core part in a solar power generation system and is also the most important part in the solar power generation system. The solar cell module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy, or transmitting the electric energy to a storage battery for storage, or pushing a load to work.
The battery piece is very fragile, and generally, the upper and lower surfaces of the battery assembly need to be provided with an adhesive film and a cover plate for protecting the battery piece. The cover plate is generally made of photovoltaic glass, the photovoltaic glass cannot be directly attached to the battery piece, and the adhesive film is needed to play a role in bonding. The connection between the battery pieces generally needs a welding strip for collecting current, and the welding strip in the prior art needs to alloy the welding strip and the fine grid by welding. The cell efficiency and the cell yield are generally improved by balancing the light shielding and the electric conduction between the main grid and the auxiliary grid, but factors influencing the yield of components, such as welding, contact resistance between a welding strip and a fine grid, and the like, are still many.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a photovoltaic module and a preparation method, which are at least beneficial to solving the welding problems of a grid line structure and a welding strip.
According to some embodiments of the present application, there is provided in one aspect a photovoltaic module including: the solar cell comprises a cell piece and a plurality of solar cells, wherein the cell piece is provided with grid line structures which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the connecting parts are arranged at intervals along the second direction, are positioned on the surface of the battery piece and are electrically contacted with at least one grid line structure; for the same connecting part, more than 70% of the connecting parts are provided with extension parts contacted with the grid line structure, and the extension parts extend towards the direction close to the grid line structure; the packaging layer covers the surface of the connecting component and the surface of the battery piece; the cover plate is positioned on one side, far away from the battery piece, of the packaging layer; wherein the first direction intersects the second direction.
In some embodiments, the connection member includes the extension portion and connection portions located at both sides of the extension portion in the first direction, and a thickness of the connection portions is greater than a thickness of the extension portion.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the extension along the second direction is trapezoidal, rectangular, or a figure having upper and lower planes.
In some embodiments, a cross-sectional area of the extension portion along the second direction is less than or equal to a cross-sectional area of the connection portion.
In some embodiments, the connecting member includes a body portion and the extension portions located at both sides of the body portion in the second direction, and a thickness of the body portion is greater than or equal to a thickness of the extension portion.
In some embodiments, the length of the extension portion along the extending direction of the gate line structure ranges from 1 to 3mm.
In some embodiments, the connecting member is a unitary structure.
In some embodiments, an extending direction of the extension portion is parallel to an extending direction of the gate line structure.
In some embodiments, the extension has a width greater than a width of the gate line structure along the first direction.
According to some embodiments of the present application, there is provided in another aspect a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including: providing a cell, wherein the cell is provided with grid line structures which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; forming a plurality of connecting parts which are arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the connecting parts are positioned on the surface of the battery piece and are electrically contacted with at least one grid line structure; for the same connecting part, more than 70% of the connecting part is provided with an extending part which extends towards the part close to the grid line structure, wherein the part is contacted with the grid line structure; carrying out welding treatment, wherein the welding treatment is used for realizing alloying of the connecting part and the grid line structure; providing an encapsulation layer, wherein the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the connecting component and the surface of the battery piece; providing a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is positioned on one side of the packaging layer far away from the battery piece; a lamination process is performed.
In some embodiments, the process step of forming the connecting member comprises: and acquiring the space between the adjacent grid line structures, performing first deformation treatment on part of the connecting part to form the extending part, and taking the rest connecting part as a connecting part or a body part.
In some embodiments, the process step of forming the connecting member comprises: and after the connecting part is aligned with the grid line structure, performing second deformation treatment on the contact part of the connecting part and the grid line structure to form the extension part, wherein the rest connecting part is used as a connecting part or a body part.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages:
in the photovoltaic module that this application embodiment provided, to same adapting unit, the position that is greater than 70% adapting unit and grid line structure contact has the extension portion, the extension portion orientation is close to grid line structure direction and extends, the existence of extension portion, adapting unit and grid line structure's area of contact has been increased, can avoid rosin joint and the not enough scheduling problem of welding pulling force, and improve the subassembly weldability, the pulling force of welding the area direction has been improved, the subassembly welding quality has been improved, reduce the subassembly rosin joint scheduling problem, improve subassembly product quality, reduce abnormal conditions such as reprocessing in the subassembly processing procedure, the subassembly productivity has been improved greatly. The existence of the extension part increases the path and the area of current transmission, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and the power generation power of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the distance from any position of the grid line structure between the adjacent connecting parts to the adjacent connecting part is also reduced (the length of the extension part is greater than 0), so that the transmission loss of the battery is reduced, and the battery efficiency is improved.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the accompanying drawings in the drawings, which correspond to the figures in the drawings, and the illustrations are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, and the drawings are not to scale; in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the conventional technology, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a view of the photovoltaic module of FIG. 3 along A 1 -A 2 A first cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section;
FIG. 5 is a view of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 3 along B 1 -B 2 A first cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a cross section;
FIG. 6 is a view of the photovoltaic module along A in FIG. 3 1 -A 2 A second cross-sectional structure of the cross-section;
FIG. 7 is a view of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 3 along B 1 -B 2 A second cross-sectional structure of the cross-section;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a connecting member in the photovoltaic module;
FIG. 9 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A first cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section;
FIG. 10 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A second cross-sectional structure of the cross-section;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a1 is the connecting part edge A of figure 8 1 -A 2 A third cross-sectional structure of the cross-section;
FIG. 12 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A fourth cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section;
FIG. 13 is a connecting member edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A fifth cross-sectional structure of the cross-section;
FIG. 14 is a connecting member edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A sixth cross-sectional structure of the cross-section;
FIG. 15 is a connecting member edge B of FIG. 8 1 -B 2 A first cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the connecting member except for the extension;
fig. 17 is a schematic view of various structures of a connecting member in a photovoltaic module.
Detailed Description
As can be seen from the background art, the current grid structure and solder strip have poor soldering quality.
The embodiment of the application provides an among the photovoltaic module, to same adapting unit, the position that is greater than 70% adapting unit and grid line structure contact has the extension portion, the extension portion orientation is close to grid line structure direction and extends, the existence of extension portion, adapting unit and grid line structure's area of contact has been increased, can avoid insufficient scheduling problem of rosin joint and welding pulling force, and improve the subassembly weldability, the pulling force of welding tape direction has been improved, the subassembly welding quality has been improved, reduce the subassembly rosin joint scheduling problem, improve subassembly product quality, reduce abnormal conditions such as reprocessing in the subassembly processing procedure, the subassembly productivity has been improved greatly. The existence of the extension part increases the path and the area of current transmission, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and the power generation power of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the distance from any position of the grid line structure between the adjacent connecting parts to the adjacent connecting part is also reduced (the length of the extension part is greater than 0), so that the transmission loss of the battery is reduced, and the battery efficiency is improved.
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that in the examples of the present application, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 is a view of the photovoltaic module of FIG. 3 along A 1 -A 2 A first cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a cross section; FIG. 5 is a view of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 3 along B 1 -B 2 A first cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section; FIG. 6 is a view of the photovoltaic module along A in FIG. 3 1 -A 2 A second cross-sectional structure of the cross-section; FIG. 7 is a view of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 3 along B 1 -B 2 A second cross-sectional structure of the cross-section; fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a connecting member in the photovoltaic module; FIG. 9 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A first cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a cross section; FIG. 10 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A second cross-sectional structure of the cross-section; FIG. 11 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A third cross-sectional structure of the cross-section; FIG. 12 is a connecting part edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A fourth cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section; FIG. 13 is a connecting member edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A fifth cross-sectional structure of the cross-section; FIG. 14 is a connecting member edge A of FIG. 8 1 -A 2 A sixth cross-sectional structure of the cross-section; FIG. 15 is a connecting member edge B of FIG. 8 1 -B 2 A first cross-sectional structure diagram of the cross-section; FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view of the joining member except for the extension portion; fig. 17 is a schematic view of various structures of a connecting member in a photovoltaic module.
In the structural diagrams of fig. 1 to 3, the encapsulation layer and the cover plate are not shown, or the encapsulation layer and the cover plate are in a perspective state, so as to show and explain the position and the connection relationship between the battery piece and the connection component. The cross-sectional views in fig. 4-7 only show the film structures on one side of the cell, and the film structures on the other side of the cell may be the same as or different from the film structures on the corresponding one side of the cell.
Referring to fig. 1 to 17, an aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, including: the solar cell comprises a cell piece 10, wherein the cell piece 10 is provided with grid line structures 101 arranged at intervals along a first direction X; a plurality of connecting parts 11 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, wherein the connecting parts 11 are located on the surface of the cell 10 and electrically contact with the at least one grid line structure 101; for the same connecting part 11, more than 70% of the connecting parts 11 are in contact with the gate line structure 101 and have an extending part 111, and the extending part 111 extends towards the direction close to the gate line structure 101; an encapsulating layer 12, wherein the encapsulating layer 12 covers the surface of the connecting member 11 and the surface of the battery piece 10; the cover plate 13 is positioned on one side, away from the battery piece 10, of the packaging layer 12; wherein the first direction X intersects the second direction Y.
In some embodiments, the battery piece 10 is an all-back-contact crystalline silicon solar cell (IBC), where the IBC is a back-junction back-contact solar cell structure in which positive and negative metal electrodes are arranged on a back surface of the battery in an interdigital manner, and a PN junction and the electrodes of the IBC are located on the back surface of the battery, that is, the electrodes of an emitter region and a base region of the battery are located on the back surface, and the front surface is not blocked by a grid line, so that the photoelectric conversion performance of the battery can be improved, and then each film layer structure on one side of the battery piece 10 in the cross-sectional view shown in the drawing is different from each film layer structure on the other side of the battery piece 10, and each film layer structure of the battery piece 10 includes an encapsulation layer 12 and a cover plate 13.
In some embodiments, the cell sheet 10 may be a single crystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, an amorphous silicon solar cell, or a multi-compound solar cell, which may be a cadmium sulfide solar cell, a gallium arsenide solar cell, a copper indium selenide solar cell, or a perovskite solar cell. In some embodiments, the cell sheet 10 includes, but is not limited to, any of a TOPCon cell (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact cell), a HIT/HJT cell (Heterojunction cell), a PERC cell, a PERT cell (Passivated Emitter Rear surface fully diffused cell). The front surface of the battery piece 10 is provided with a first electrode, the back surface opposite to the front surface is provided with a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode have different polarities, so that the film structures on one side of the battery piece 10 are the same as those on the other side of the battery piece 10 in the cross-sectional view shown in the figure.
The battery sheet 10 is a full-sheet battery or a sliced battery. In some embodiments, the sliced cell is a half cell, which can also be understood as a sliced half cell or a bipartite cell. In some embodiments, the sliced battery can be a three-slice battery, a 4-slice battery, or an 8-slice battery, etc. The sliced battery refers to a battery piece formed by a complete whole battery through a cutting process. The cutting process comprises the following steps: a laser grooving + cutting (LSC) process and a thermal stress cell separation (TMC) process. The function of the half-cut cell assembly is to improve the generated power by reducing the resistive loss. According to ohm's law, the interconnection electrical loss of the solar cell is proportional to the square of the current magnitude. After the battery is cut into two halves, the current is reduced by half, and the electric loss is reduced to one fourth of the loss of the full-size battery. The increased number of cells also correspondingly increases the number of cell gaps that contribute to the increased short circuit current through reflection by the back plate of the assembly. In addition, the width of the battery solder strip can be optimized by cutting the half-cell assembly, and the optimization balance between increasing the width of the solder strip to reduce the electric loss and reducing the width of the solder strip to reduce the shading loss is required conventionally. Cut half battery pack and reduced the battery loss, then the width of welding the area can set up thin reduction shading loss, is favorable to promoting battery efficiency and electricity generation consumption.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes at least two battery pieces 10, and two adjacent battery pieces 10 are connected in series or in parallel by a connecting member 11 to form a battery string group, and a battery gap is formed between the battery pieces 10 to achieve electrical insulation between different battery pieces 10.
In some embodiments, the grid line structure 101 is used to collect the photo-generated current in the solar cell sheet and lead the photo-generated current to the outside of the cell sheet 10. The gate line structure 101 is a minor gate line, which may also be referred to as a minor gate line, for guiding current. In some embodiments, the gate line structure 101 only includes an auxiliary gate line, that is, the battery piece 10 is designed without a main gate, so as to shorten a carrier transport path and reduce a series resistance, thereby increasing a front light receiving area, improving component power, facilitating improvement of a short-circuit current, and reducing a usage amount of gate line printing silver paste to reduce production cost.
In some embodiments, the connecting member 11 is a solder ribbon, which is used for interconnecting the battery pieces 10 and concentrating the current to be transmitted to elements outside the photovoltaic module. The solder strips comprise confluence solder strips and interconnection solder strips, the confluence solder strips are used for connecting the photovoltaic cell strings and the junction boxes, and the interconnection solder strips are used for connecting the cell pieces 10 and the cell pieces 10.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the connection component 11 includes an extension portion 111 along one side of the second direction Y, the extension portion 111 increases a contact area between the connection component 11 and the gate line structure 101, which can avoid insufficient solder joints and insufficient welding tension, and improve the weldability of the assembly, improve the tension in the solder strip direction, improve the welding quality of the assembly, reduce the problems of insufficient solder joints, improve the product quality of the assembly, reduce the defects of rework in the manufacturing process of the assembly, and greatly improve the productivity of the assembly. The existence of the extension 111 increases the path and area for current transmission, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and the generated power of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the distance from any position of the grid line structure 101 between the adjacent connecting parts 11 to the adjacent connecting part 11 is also reduced (the length of the extending part 111 is greater than 0), so that the battery transmission loss is reduced, and the battery efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the connection part 11 includes extensions 111 at both sides in the second direction Y, which increases a contact area between the connection part 11 and the gate line structure 101, and reduces a contact resistance between the gate line structure 101 and the connection part 11, thereby facilitating improvement of battery efficiency and power generation. For the grid line structure 101, the total path length of the cell 10 from the substrate to the grid line structure 101 and finally gathered by the connecting part 11 is shortened, and the electrical loss is reduced.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, an extending direction of the extending portion 111 is not parallel to an extending direction of the gate line structure 101, and an angle between the extending direction of the extending portion 111 and the extending direction of the gate line structure 101 is less than 90 °. In this way, an overlapping region exists between the extending portion 111 and the gate line structure 101, and the overlapping region is used for increasing the contact area between the gate line structure 101 and the connecting component 11 and reducing the contact resistance.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, an extending direction of the extension 111 is parallel to an extending direction of the gate line structure 101. On the one hand, the area of contact maximize between adapting unit 11 and the grid line structure 101, it is the biggest to reduce contact resistance's proportion promptly, can avoid insufficient scheduling problem of rosin joint and welding pulling force to improve the subassembly weldability, improved the pulling force of welding the area direction, improved subassembly welding quality, reduce subassembly rosin joint scheduling problem, improve subassembly product quality, reduce abnormal conditions such as reprocessing in the subassembly processing procedure, improved subassembly productivity greatly. On the other hand, the overlapping area of the extending portion 111 and the gate line structure 101 is the largest, and compared with the situation that the extending direction of the extending portion 111 is not parallel to the extending direction of the gate line structure 101, the shielding area of the battery piece 10 is the smallest, which is beneficial to improving the battery efficiency and the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
In some embodiments, the connecting member 11 is a one-piece structure. When the connecting part 11 is an integrally formed structure, the difficulty of the process for preparing the connecting part 11 is reduced, the connecting part 11 can be mass-produced, and an interface state between different materials does not exist between the extending part 111 and the body part 113 or between the extending part 111 and the connecting part 112, so that the electrical loss of the collected current is small, and the generated power is favorably improved.
In some embodiments, along the first direction X, the width of the extension 111 is greater than the width of the gate line structure 101. Thus, the contact area between the extending portion 111 and the gate line structure 101 is the largest, and the shielding area of the extending portion 111 is the smallest, which is beneficial to improving the battery efficiency and the welding effect between the gate line structure 101 and the connecting part 11.
In some embodiments, the length of the extending portion 111 along the extending direction of the gate line structure 101 ranges from 1 to 3mm. The length of the extension 111 may be 1 to 2.8mm, 1 to 2.3mm, 1 to 2mm, 1.3 to 2.8mm, 1.6 to 2.8mm, 2 to 2.8mm, 1.2 to 2.3mm, 1.6 to 2mm, or 1.98 to 3mm. The length of the extension 111 may be 1mm, 1.39mm, 1.97mm, 2.31mm, 2.54mm, 2.81mm, 2.94mm or 3mm. The length of the extending portion 111 is within the above range, the contact area between the extending portion 111 and the gate line structure 101 is the largest, the gate breaking is effectively prevented, and the shielding area of the extending portion 111 is smaller. In addition, the length range of the extending part 111 also realizes the discontinuity of the extending part 111 between the adjacent connecting parts 11 so as to reduce the shielding area.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the connection part 11 includes extension parts 111 and connection parts 112 located at both sides of the extension parts 111 along the first direction X, i.e., the connection part 111 includes connection parts 112 arranged at intervals along the first direction X and extension parts 111 located between the connection parts 112. The extending portion 111 and the connecting portion 112 in the connecting component may be formed by processing an initial solder strip according to the pitch of the gate line structures 101 or the shape of the gate line structures 101 to form the extending portion 111, and the unprocessed region is the connecting portion 112.
In some embodiments, the processing treatment may be a flattening treatment, and the extension portion 111 is subjected to the flattening treatment and is changed into a pattern with a non-circular cross section, so as to increase the contact area between the extension portion 111 and the gate line structure 101. In some embodiments, since the connecting portion 112 and the extending portion 111 are formed by the same solder strip after being processed, the thickness of the connecting portion 112 is greater than that of the extending portion 111, and when the thickness of the connecting portion 112 is greater, the shielding area of the connecting portion 112 is smaller under the same cross-sectional area, so that the optical loss is reduced; conversely, if the thickness of the extension portion 111 is larger, the contact area between the extension portion 111 and the gate line structure 101 is larger, and the contact resistance is reduced.
In some embodiments, along the second direction Y, the cross-sectional area of the extension 111 is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the connection portion 112. When the cross-sectional area of the extending portion 111 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 112, the deformation of the extending portion 111 by the processing is described as a lateral deformation, and the cross-sectional areas of the extending portion 111 and the connecting portion 112 are the same, so that the resistance value of the connecting member 11 itself does not change. When the cross-sectional area of the extending portion 111 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 112, the deformation of the extending portion 111 by the processing is described as a lateral deformation and a longitudinal deformation, and the cross-sectional area of a partial length is reduced, thereby reducing the resistance value of the connecting member 11 itself.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 and fig. 15, the top of the extension 111 may be close to the side of the battery piece 10 or far from the side of the battery piece 10. When the top of the extending part 111 is close to one side of the battery piece 10, the distance between the grid line structure 101 and the extending part 111 is smaller, which is more beneficial to alloying of the grid line structure 101 and the connecting part 11. When the top of the extending portion 111 is far away from one side of the battery piece 10, the recess between the extending portion 111 and the connecting portion 112 may be used to position the connecting member 11, preventing the connecting member 11 from shifting from the grid line structure 101.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, the top view of the extension 111 is triangular, i.e. the width of the extension 111 in the first direction Y shows a decreasing trend. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 17, the top view of the extending portion 111 may be any shape such as a trapezoid, a semicircle or a semi-ellipse, so as to reduce the shielding area of the connecting member 11, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the battery. In some embodiments, the widths of the extensions 111 along the first direction Y are substantially equal, and a top view of the extensions 111 may be rectangular.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the cross-sectional shape of the extension 111 along the second direction Y is a trapezoid, a rectangle, or a figure having upper and lower planes.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 9, a distance L between an end of the extension 111 in the second direction Y and a top of the extension 111 2 And, the thickness L of the extension 111 1 The ratio between the two may be 0 to 1, that is, the end of the extending part 111 may be close to the cell piece 10 or far from the cell piece 10. When the end of the extending part 111 is close to one side of the battery 10, the distance between the grid line structure 101 and the extending part 111Smaller, and is more beneficial to the alloying of the grid line structure 101 and the connecting part 11.
In some embodiments, the connecting member 11 includes a metal portion and a coating that wraps around a surface of the metal portion. The metal part is a conductive layer which has certain strength and good conductivity, and the conductive layer serves as a main conductive transmission layer of the connecting part 11, so that the lower the resistivity of the metal part is, the smaller the electrical loss of the connecting part 11 is, and the better the battery efficiency and the generated power are.
In some embodiments, the material of the metal portion is a conductive material with better conductivity, such as copper, nickel, gold, silver, or an alloy material with low resistivity. When the resistivity of the metal part is less than 1 x 10 -7 Ω · m, or a conductivity of 1 × 10 or more 7 S/m, the electrical loss of the metal portion is small, and the battery efficiency and the generated power are large. Resistivity (Resistivity) is a physical quantity that represents resistance characteristics of various substances and reflects a property of a substance that inhibits an electric current. Conductivity (conductivity) is a parameter used to describe the ease of charge flow in a substance. In some embodiments, the material of the metal portion is a copper layer, which has a relatively low resistivity (1.75 × 10) -8 Ω · m) and the cost of copper is lower than that of gold and silver. And the chemical stability of copper is high, the strength of copper is moderate, and the copper can not be deformed in welding treatment during welding and lamination treatment during packaging, so that the shielding area of the connecting part 11 is small.
In some embodiments, the coating may be plated on or coated on the surface of the metal part, and specifically, the coating source material of the coating may be uniformly coated around the metal part according to a certain composition ratio and thickness by using a special process such as an electroplating method, a vacuum deposition method, a spraying method, or a hot dip coating method. The coating mainly functions to enable the connecting part 11 to satisfy weldability, and the connecting part 11 is firmly welded on the grid line structure 101 of the battery piece 10, so that a good current guiding function is achieved.
In some embodiments, the material of the coating is a metal material or an alloy material having a lower melting point than the metal portion, such as a tin alloy, which may include a tin-lead alloy, a tin-zinc alloy, a tin-bismuth alloy, or a tin-indium alloy. The tin is used as a welding material for welding, has low melting point, has better affinity with metals such as copper and the like, and has better welding fastness. Lead in the tin-lead alloy can reduce the melting point of the welding strip, tin and lead can form an eutectic point with the melting point of 183 ℃, and the tin-lead alloy has good welding performance and use performance. The use of bismuth can lower the melting temperature and reduce the surface tension by replacing lead with other metal elements or adding other elements, such as bismuth, to the tin-lead alloy. The melting point of the tin-bismuth alloy can be reduced to 139 ℃, and the requirement of low-temperature welding is met.
In some embodiments, a fluxing agent is included in the coating, and refers to a chemical that aids and facilitates the soldering process while providing protection against oxidation reactions during the soldering process. The flux includes an inorganic flux, an organic flux, and a resin flux. It will be appreciated that the flux has a melting point lower than that of the coating and increases the fluidity of the coating in the molten state so that the coating forms a good alloy with the gridline structure 101.
In some embodiments, the outer surface of the coating layer has a reflective groove, the reflective groove is a recessed groove or trench from the coating layer toward the metal portion, and sunlight is reflected onto the cell 10 through the sidewall of the reflective groove, so as to improve the utilization rate of sunlight. In some embodiments, the surface of the connecting member 11 away from the battery plate 10 has a light reflecting layer, and the light reflecting layer is located on the outer side of the coating layer away from the metal part and the battery plate. The light reflecting layer is used to reduce the shielding area of the connection member 11 to the battery sheet 10.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 13 and 16, the extension 111 comprises a first film layer 131 and a second film layer 132, the first film layer 131 wrapping the second film layer 132; the connection layer 112 includes: a third film 141 and a fourth film 142, wherein the fourth film 142 is wrapped by the third film 141. The first film 131 and the third film 141 are the same film and both are coatings. The second film 132 and the fourth film 142 are the same film and are metal parts. The coating and the metal portion are the same as those of the connecting member 11, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6 and 7 and fig. 11 to 12, the connection member 11 includes a body portion 113 and extensions 111 located at both sides of the body portion 113 along the second direction Y, and a thickness of the body portion 113 is greater than or equal to a thickness of the extensions 111.
In some embodiments, the main body portion 113 and the extension portion 111 may be formed separately when the solder strip is prepared, that is, the connection member 11 is an integrally formed structure, which reduces the difficulty of the process for preparing the connection member 11, and the connection member 11 may be mass-produced, and an interface state between different materials does not exist between the extension portion 111 and the main body portion 113, so that the electrical loss of the collected current is small, which is beneficial to improving the generated power. In some embodiments, the extending portion 111 and the main body portion 113 are not integrally formed, that is, the extending portion 111 is formed after secondary processing on the basis of the already formed main body portion 113, and then the portion for preparing the main body portion 113 is still the original structure, so that there is no need to change the previous production equipment, and only a portion of new equipment needs to be added, thereby reducing the cost for preparing the connecting member 11.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the top of the extension 111 may be on the side close to the cell or the side far from the cell. When the top of the extending part 111 is close to one side of the battery piece, the distance between the grid line structure 101 and the extending part 111 is smaller, which is more beneficial to alloying of the grid line structure 101 and the connecting part 11.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, the top view of the extension 111 is triangular, i.e. the width of the extension 111 in the first direction Y shows a decreasing trend. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 17, the top view of the extension 111 may be any shape such as a trapezoid, a semicircle or a semi-ellipse, which reduces the shielding area of the connection member and is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the battery. In some embodiments, the widths of the extensions 111 along the second direction Y are substantially equal, and a top view of the extensions 111 may be rectangular.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 11, the distance h between the end of the extension 111 in the second direction Y and the top of the extension 111 2 And, the thickness h of the extension 111 1 The ratio between the two is 0-1, namely the end part of the extension part 111 is close to one side of the battery piece orOr the side away from the cell. When the end of the extending part 111 is close to one side of the battery piece, the distance between the grid line structure 101 and the extending part 111 is smaller, which is more beneficial to alloying of the grid line structure 101 and the connecting part 11.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 14, the exterior of the extension 111 and the body portion 113 is wrapped with a fifth film layer 133; the fifth film 133 is a coating. The extension portion 111 and the body portion 113 are both metal portions. The coating and the metal portion are the same as those of the connecting member 11, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
In some embodiments, the material of the extension portion 111 is different from the material of the body portion 113, the extension portion 111 is a coating, and the body portion 113 is a metal portion.
In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer 12 includes a first encapsulation layer covering one of the front side or the back side of the solar cell and a second encapsulation layer covering the other of the front side or the back side of the solar cell, and specifically, at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer may be an organic encapsulation adhesive film such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive film, a polyethylene octene co-elastomer (POE) adhesive film, or a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) adhesive film.
In some embodiments, the cover plate 13 may be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, or the like having a light-transmitting function. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 13 facing the encapsulation layer 12 may be a concave-convex surface, so as to increase the utilization rate of incident light. The cover plate 13 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate is opposite to the first encapsulation layer, and the second cover plate is opposite to the second encapsulation layer.
Among the photovoltaic module that this application embodiment provided, to same adapting unit 11, the position that is greater than 70% adapting unit 11 and grid line structure 101 contact has extension portion 111, extension portion 111 orientation is close to grid line structure 101 direction and extends, the existence of extension portion 111, adapting unit 11 and grid line structure 101's area of contact has been increased, can avoid rosin joint and the not enough scheduling problem of welding pulling force, and improve the subassembly weldability, the pulling force of solder strip direction has been improved, the subassembly welding quality has been improved, reduce the subassembly rosin joint scheduling problem, improve subassembly product quality, reduce abnormal conditions such as repair in the subassembly processing procedure, the subassembly productivity has been improved greatly. The existence of the extension 111 increases the path and area for current transmission, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and the generated power of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the distance from any position of the grid line structure 101 between adjacent connecting parts 11 to the adjacent connecting part 11 is also reduced (the length of the extending part 111 is greater than 0), so that the transmission loss of the battery is reduced, and the battery efficiency is improved.
Accordingly, according to some embodiments of the present application, in another aspect, a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module is further provided, where the method is used to manufacture the photovoltaic module provided in the above embodiments, and elements that are the same as or similar to those in the above embodiments are not described herein again.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, a battery piece 10 is provided, and the battery piece 10 has a grid line structure 101 arranged at intervals along the first direction X.
With continued reference to fig. 5, a plurality of connection members 11 are formed and arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, and the connection members 11 are located on the surface of the battery piece 10 and electrically contact with the at least one grid line structure 101; for the same connection member 11, more than 70% of the connection member 11 is in contact with the gate line structure 101, and the extension 111 extends toward the gate line structure 101.
In some embodiments, the process steps of forming the connecting member 11 include: the pitch of the adjacent gate line structures 101 is obtained, the first deformation process is performed on the part of the connection member 11 to form the extension portion 111, and the remaining connection member 11 is used as the connection portion 112 or the body portion 113.
In some embodiments, the process steps of forming the connecting member 11 include: after the connecting member 11 is aligned with the gate line structure 101, a second deformation process is performed on a contact portion of the connecting member 11 and the gate line structure 101 to form an extension portion 111, and the remaining connecting member is used as a connecting portion 112 or a body portion 113.
In some embodiments, at least one of the first deforming process or the second process may be a flattening process for flattening a part of the length of the connecting member 11 to form the extension portion 111, and the remaining portion serves as the connecting portion 112. In some embodiments, at least one of the first deforming process or the second process may be a widening process, which adds a side portion, i.e., the extension portion 111, to a partial length of the connecting member 11, and the original connecting member is used as the body portion 113.
In some embodiments, a soldering process is performed for achieving alloying of the connection member 11 with the grid line structure 101.
In some embodiments, an encapsulation layer 12 is provided, the encapsulation layer 12 covering the surface of the connection member 11 and the surface of the battery sheet 10; providing a cover plate 13, wherein the cover plate 13 is positioned on one side of the packaging layer 12 away from the battery piece 10; a lamination process is performed to make close contact between the encapsulation layer 12, the battery sheet 10, and the cap plate 13.
Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, and many possible variations and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present description and the drawings shown are by way of example only and are not intended to limit the full scope of the claims.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of implementations of the present application, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and therefore, the scope of the present application should be determined only by the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising:
the battery piece is provided with grid line structures which are arranged at intervals along a first direction;
the connecting parts are arranged at intervals along the second direction, are positioned on the surface of the battery piece and are electrically contacted with at least one grid line structure; for the same connecting component, more than 70% of the parts of the connecting component, which are contacted with the grid line structure, are provided with extension parts, and the extension parts extend towards the direction close to the grid line structure;
the packaging layer covers the surface of the connecting component and the surface of the battery piece;
the cover plate is positioned on one side, far away from the battery piece, of the packaging layer;
wherein the first direction intersects the second direction.
2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the connection member includes the extension and connection portions on both sides of the extension in the first direction, the connection portions having a thickness greater than a thickness of the extension.
3. The assembly according to claim 2, wherein the extension has a cross-sectional shape in the second direction that is trapezoidal, rectangular, or a figure having upper and lower planes.
4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the extension in the second direction is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the connection.
5. The pv assembly according to claim 1 wherein the connecting member includes a body portion and the extensions on both sides of the body portion in the second direction, the body portion having a thickness greater than or equal to a thickness of the extensions.
6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the extension has a length in a range of 1 to 3mm along an extending direction of the gate line structure.
7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the connecting member is a unitary structure.
8. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the extension extends in a direction parallel to the extension of the grid line structure.
9. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the extension has a width greater than a width of the grid line structure along the first direction.
10. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, comprising:
providing a cell, wherein the cell is provided with grid line structures which are arranged at intervals along a first direction;
forming a plurality of connecting parts which are arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the connecting parts are positioned on the surface of the battery piece and are electrically contacted with at least one grid line structure; for the same connecting part, more than 70% of the connecting part is provided with an extending part which extends towards the part close to the grid line structure, wherein the part is contacted with the grid line structure;
carrying out welding treatment, wherein the welding treatment is used for realizing alloying of the connecting part and the grid line structure;
providing an encapsulation layer, wherein the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the connecting component and the surface of the battery piece;
providing a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is positioned on one side of the packaging layer far away from the battery piece;
a lamination process is performed.
11. The method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 10, wherein the process step of forming the connecting member comprises: and acquiring the space between the adjacent grid line structures, performing first deformation treatment on part of the connecting part to form the extending part, and taking the rest connecting part as a connecting part or a body part.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the process step of forming the connecting member comprises: and after the connecting part is aligned with the grid line structure, performing second deformation treatment on the contact part of the connecting part and the grid line structure to form the extension part, wherein the rest connecting part is used as a connecting part or a body part.
CN202211601073.7A 2022-12-12 2022-12-12 Photovoltaic module and preparation method Pending CN115775838A (en)

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CN202211601073.7A CN115775838A (en) 2022-12-12 2022-12-12 Photovoltaic module and preparation method
DE202023102186.7U DE202023102186U1 (en) 2022-12-12 2023-04-25 photovoltaic module

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211601073.7A CN115775838A (en) 2022-12-12 2022-12-12 Photovoltaic module and preparation method

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CN115775838A true CN115775838A (en) 2023-03-10

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