CN115773171A - Mixer, mixer assembly and engine exhaust system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mixer, a mixer assembly and an exhaust system. Wherein the mixer comprises a reactant injection area, a plurality of layers of reactant distribution elements are distributed on the reactant injection area, the reactant injection area is divided into a plurality of injection spaces among the layers, and the reactant distribution elements of at least some layers are provided with communication openings communicated with the corresponding injection spaces; and the rotational flow tissue area is positioned at the downstream of the reactant injection area, and rotational flow tissue elements are distributed on the rotational flow tissue area.

Description

Mixer, mixer assembly and engine exhaust system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engine exhaust treatment, in particular to a mixer, a mixer assembly and an engine exhaust system.

Background

Engine exhaust systems treat hot exhaust gases produced by the engine through various upstream exhaust components to reduce exhaust pollutants. The various upstream exhaust components may include one or more of the following: pipes, filters, valves, catalysts, mufflers, etc. For example, an upstream exhaust treatment component directs exhaust to a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst having an inlet and an outlet. The outlet passes exhaust gas to a downstream exhaust component. A mixer (mixer) is positioned upstream of the inlet of the SCR reactor. Within the mixer, the exhaust gas produces a swirling or rotational motion. A doser (doser) is used to inject a reactant, such as an aqueous urea solution, into the exhaust stream upstream of the SCR reactor so that the mixer can sufficiently mix the urea and exhaust together for discharge into the SCR reactor for reduction to produce nitrogen and water to reduce the nitrogen oxide emissions of the engine. The doser may be fixedly mounted by a mounting seat of the mixer to spray a spray of urea aqueous solution into the mixer.

However, the mixer in the prior art still has improvements, for example, urea spray needs to be fully decomposed under different working conditions, and exhaust gas and the urea spray are uniformly mixed, so that the exhaust gas is efficiently and fully treated in the SCR reactor, and the nitrogen oxide treatment capacity of an engine exhaust system is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a mixer.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a mixer assembly.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an engine exhaust system.

A mixer according to one aspect of the present invention for use in an engine exhaust system, the mixer comprising: the reagent spraying device comprises a reagent spraying area, a plurality of layers of reagent distribution elements and a plurality of spray nozzles, wherein the reagent spraying area is divided into a plurality of spray spaces among the layers, and the reagent distribution elements of at least some layers are provided with communication openings communicated with the corresponding spray spaces; and the rotational flow tissue area is positioned at the downstream of the reactant injection area and is distributed with rotational flow tissue elements.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the size of the communication openings decreases from the upper level to the lower level of the reactant distribution elements, respectively.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the area of the reactant distribution element of the lowermost layer corresponding to the communication opening of the reactant distribution elements of the remaining layers is a closed area.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, at least the reagent distributing element located in the uppermost layer has a flow-impeding portion at the upstream end.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the flow-obstructing portion occupies a height of the reactant injection region of no more than 20%.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the swirl tissue elements extend downstream from each layer of the reactant distribution element, a portion of the layers of swirl tissue elements are first swirl tissue elements, and a portion of the layers are second swirl tissue elements, the first swirl tissue elements having a first flow direction, the second swirl tissue elements having a second flow direction, and the first flow direction intersects the second flow direction.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the first rotational flow organizing element has a wave-shaped extension that extends from upstream to downstream from an initial height first to a high height and then falls back to a low height, and the second rotational flow organizing element has a first straight extension that extends from upstream straight downstream from the initial height directly to the high height.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the first swirling tissue element has the wave-shaped extension portion in a middle portion in a width direction, and has second straight-shaped extension portions extending from the initial height to a lower portion on both sides in the width direction of the wave-shaped extension portion; the second rotational flow organizing element has a first straight extending portion at a middle portion in a width direction, and second straight extending portions at both sides in the width direction of the first straight extending portion.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the first swirling tissue element occupies a height of the swirling tissue region of no more than 50%.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the first straight extension extends at an angle of 20 ° to 45 ° high and the second straight extension extends at an angle of 20 ° to 45 ° low.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the swirl flow organizing elements are integrally connected with the reactant distribution elements of each layer, the reactant distribution elements of one layer and the swirl flow organizing elements constitute mixer units of one layer, and the mixer units of each layer are connected by a connecting band.

In one or more embodiments of the mixer, the mixer is a unitary piece.

A mixer assembly according to another aspect of the invention comprises a duct for flow of exhaust gases and a mixer as claimed in any one of the preceding claims disposed within the duct, the side wall of the duct being provided with an injector.

A mixer assembly according to another aspect of the invention, the conduit has a diameter of less than 152.4mm and the axis of the injector is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases.

According to another aspect of the invention, the injector injects a spray of urea solution having a droplet mean diameter of less than 70 μm.

An engine exhaust system according to another aspect of the invention comprises a mixer as defined in any preceding claim and a reactor downstream of the mixer, the reactor being fluidly connected to the mixer such that a mixed gas stream of exhaust gas and reactants formed within the mixer can be output to the reactor.

The improved effects of the invention include, but are not limited to, by arranging the reactant injection area and the multilayer reactant distribution element, the rotational flow organization area and the rotational flow organization element, the mixer can realize the full decomposition of the urea spray under the exhaust flow rate of different working conditions, and the exhaust and the urea spray are uniformly mixed, so that the exhaust is efficiently and fully treated in the SCR reactor, and the nitrogen oxide treatment capacity of an engine exhaust system is improved.

Drawings

The above and other features, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which like reference numerals denote like features throughout the figures, and in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixer assembly according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixer according to an embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mixer shown in fig. 2 from another perspective.

Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structure view of the mixer shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mixer shown in fig. 2 from a downstream to upstream perspective.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an integrally developed structure of the mixer according to an embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of urea spray droplets in a comparative example of a mixer under heavy conditions.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of urea spray droplets in a comparative example of a mixer under a small condition.

Fig. 9A-9C are schematic diagrams of urea spray droplet distribution, exhaust velocity distribution, and ammonia uniformity under large conditions for an embodiment of a mixer.

Fig. 10A-10C are a schematic diagram of urea spray droplet distribution, exhaust velocity distribution, and ammonia uniformity for an embodiment of a mixer under a small condition.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a mixer of an embodiment in a swirling flow distribution.

Reference numerals are as follows:

10-Mixer Assembly

1-Mixer

11-reactant injection zone

111. 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1116-reagent dispensing element

112. 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125-jet space

113. 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135-communication openings

114-flow resisting part

12-rotational flow tissue region

120. 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1216-swirling tissue element

1201-first rotational flow tissue element

1221 first diversion Direction

1202-second rotational flow organizing element

1222 second flow direction

1231. 1232, 1233, 1234-swirl zone

1250-wave extension

1251-first straight extension

1252-second straight extension

130-mixing unit

140-connecting belt

150-light panel

2-ejector

3-pipe

4-injector mount

5-SCR reactor

100-exhaust of gases

200-reactant spraying.

Detailed Description

The following discloses many different embodiments or examples for implementing the subject technology described. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described below to simplify the present disclosure, but these are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Furthermore, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" mean a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one or more embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as appropriate.

Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, a mixer assembly 10 includes a mixer 1, an ejector 2, and a conduit 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the conduit 3 provides for the flow of exhaust gas 100, the direction of the exhaust gas 100 being from the upstream to the downstream direction as indicated by the arrows. The injector 2 is disposed on the side wall of the pipe 3 through an injector mounting seat 4, and injects a reactant spray 200, typically a urea solution spray, mixed with the exhaust gas in the mixer and decomposed into ammonia gas, from the mixer, and outputs a mixed gas flow of the uniformly mixed exhaust gas and reactant to a reactor located in the exhaust system and located downstream of the mixer 1, the reactor is fluidly connected to the mixer, typically an SCR reactor 5, nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas react with the reactant under the action of a catalyst to be reduced into nitrogen gas, and the mixed gas flow generally needs strong swirl, so that the exhaust gas and the reducing agent are uniformly distributed on catalytic reaction sites of the catalyst. Especially for the SCR reactor 5 shown in fig. 1, which is small in volume and compact, it is especially necessary that the output mixed gas flow has good homogeneity and a sufficiently strong swirling motion.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the mixer 1 has a structure including a reactant injection region 11 and a swirling flow structure region 12. As shown in fig. 1, the reactant injection zone 11 corresponds to the injection direction of the injector 2 in the mixer assembly 10, and the injector 2 injects the reactant spray 200 toward the reactant injection zone 11. The swirling tissue region 12 includes a swirling tissue element 120 downstream of the reactant injection region 11 to cause the mixed flow of urea and exhaust gas to form a sufficiently strong swirl. The reactant ejection region 11 is distributed with a plurality of layers of reactant distribution elements 111, dividing the reactant ejection region 11 into a plurality of ejection spaces 112 between the layers, for example, as shown in the figure, six layers of reactant distribution elements 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1116 are distributed on the reactant ejection region 11, and five ejection spaces 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125 are divided on the reactant ejection region 110. The reactant distribution elements 111 of at least some of the tiers have communication openings 113 that communicate with their corresponding ejection spaces, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, and the reactant distribution elements 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115 of the five of the six tiers of reactant distribution elements have communication openings 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135. This allows the injected reactant spray 200 to be redistributed within the reactant injection zone 11 to mix more evenly with the exhaust. With continued reference to fig. 1-5, downstream of the reagent injection zone 11, a swirling flow pattern zone 12 of the mixer is provided, in which swirling flow pattern elements 120 are provided, so that the exhaust gas forms a strong swirling flow with the reagent and is thoroughly mixed. The specific principle is that in the comparative scheme without the reagent distributing elements, as shown in fig. 7 and 8 (the boundary conditions of the large and small operating conditions are shown in table 1), the urea spray injected into the mixer is concentrated in the highest layer of the mixer under the large operating conditions when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is large, the mixing distance of the urea spray and the exhaust gas is short, and the swirling motion of the downstream tissue is difficult to form. And in a small working condition, because the exhaust flow is small, the urea spray droplets are distributed in a dispersed manner, and the mixing effect is good. As shown in fig. 9A and 10A, in the mixer of the embodiment, in the large operation shown in fig. 9A, the droplets of the reactant spray 200, i.e., the urea spray, can be distributed in the injection spaces 1121, 1122 located at the highest level and the next highest level, the urea spray is distributed over a wider range, and it is easier to uniformly mix with the exhaust gas and to form a swirling flow. And, set up the swirl organization component downstream, can further guarantee the good mixed effect too. In the small situation shown in fig. 10A, the distribution of the droplets of the urea spray is more dispersed, similar to that shown in fig. 8, and the dispersion effect is better than that shown in fig. 8, i.e., the arrangement of six reactant-distributing members in multiple layers and the arrangement of reactant-distributing members in multiple layers with communicating openings has little negative effect on the distribution of the droplets of the urea spray. In summary, compared with the comparative scheme, the scheme of using the mixer of the above embodiment has the advantages that the mixer can realize sufficient decomposition of the urea spray under the exhaust flow rates of different working conditions by arranging the reactant injection region and the reactant distribution elements in multiple layers, and the swirl structure region and the swirl structure element, and the exhaust gas and the urea spray are uniformly mixed, so that the exhaust gas is efficiently and sufficiently treated in the SCR reactor, and the nitrogen oxide treatment capacity of the engine exhaust system is improved. It is understood that the number of the reagent distributing elements is not limited to the six layers described in the embodiments, and can be adjusted according to actual mixing requirements.

Table 1: boundary conditions of large and small operating modes

With continued reference to fig. 1-5, in some embodiments, the size of the communication openings 113 decreases from the upper level to the lower level of the reactant distribution element, respectively, as shown in fig. 2-5, the opening area of the communication opening 1131 of the reactant distribution element 1111 in the highest level is the largest, and the opening area of the communication openings 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135 of the reactant distribution elements 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115 in the lower level of the upper level decreases, which has the beneficial effect that the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in the injection space of the upper level to the lower level increases, regardless of the large or small operating condition, as shown in fig. 9B and 10B. As shown in fig. 9B and 10B, the flow velocity of each injection space of the exhaust gas is V ₁₁₂₁ <V ₁₁₂₂ <V ₁₁₂₃ <V ₁₁₂₄ <V ₁₁₂₅ 。

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, the lowest-layer reactant distributing element 1116 is not provided with a communication opening, that is, the area of the reactant distributing element 1116 corresponding to the communication opening of the remaining-layer reactant distributing element is a closed area, so that there is a greater velocity difference between the velocity of the exhaust gas flowing through the lowest-layer injection space 1125 and the velocity of the exhaust gas flowing through the remaining layer, as shown in fig. 9B and 10B.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, the reactant distribution element 111 may be distributed in multiple layers in the reactant injection region 11, and at least the reactant distribution element 1111 in the highest layer may have a flow blocking portion 114 at the upstream end. Such an effect can further reduce the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in the injection space located at the upper stage, so as to extend the mixing distance between the urea spray droplets and the exhaust gas, and facilitate the subsequent swirling of the structure, so as to improve the mixing effect, as shown in fig. 9B and 10B, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas is small in the injection space 1121 corresponding to the flow choking portion 114. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 5, only the highest-level reagent distributing element 1111 has the flow blocking portion 114 upstream, but not limited thereto, and for example, the second highest-level reagent distributing element 1112 may also have a flow blocking portion. The inventors found that the ratio of the entire flow-obstructing portion to the height of the reactant ejection region 11 is 20% or less, so that a good mixing effect and a swirling flow structure effect can be achieved.

With continued reference to fig. 1-5, in some embodiments, the particular configuration of the swirling tissue element 120 may be such that the swirling tissue element 120 extends downstream from each layer of reactant distribution element 110, i.e., as shown in fig. 1-5, six layers of reactant distribution elements 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1116 correspond to six layers of swirling tissue elements 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1216 extending downstream. The multi-layer swirl tissue element includes a first swirl tissue element 1201 as opposed to the higher layer swirl tissue elements 1211, 1212, 1213 and a second swirl tissue element 1202 as opposed to the lower layer swirl tissue elements 1214, 1215, 1216, such as shown in fig. 1-5. The first flow organizing element 1201 has a first flow direction 1221, the second flow organizing element 1202 has a second flow direction 1222, the first flow direction 1221 intersects the second flow direction, in the embodiment shown, the first flow direction 1221 is obliquely directed lower and the second flow direction is obliquely directed higher. This has the advantage that a plurality of swirls can be formed in the swirled tissue region 12. As shown in fig. 9B, 10B, and 11, four swirl areas 1231, 1232, 1233, 1234 at four corner positions are thus formed in the circular cross section. Under the effect of the sufficiently strong swirling flow, the urea is sufficiently decomposed and uniformly mixed with the exhaust gas, and can be uniformly distributed in the SCR reactor downstream of the mixer in the exhaust system. Relay (S)With continued reference to fig. 1-5, in some embodiments, the first and second cyclone tissue elements may be embodied such that the first cyclone tissue element 1201 has a corrugated extension 1250, the corrugated extension 1250 extends from an initial height from upstream to downstream to a higher height and then falls back to a lower height, the second cyclone tissue element 1202 has a first straight extension 1251, and the first straight extension 1251 extends from the initial height from upstream to downstream to a higher height. As shown in fig. 1-5, the initial height is the height of the corresponding reactant distribution element. With continued reference to fig. 1-5, the specific structure of the first and second swirling tissue elements 1201, 1202 may further be that the first swirling tissue element 1201 has a wave-shaped extension 1250 in the middle of the width direction, and the wave-shaped extension 1250 has second straight extensions 1252 inclined from the initial height to the lower part on both sides of the width direction; second swirl organizing element 1202 has first straight extension 1251 at the middle in the width direction and second straight extensions 1252 at both sides in the width direction of first straight extension 1251. Thus, a better tissue rotational flow effect can be realized. It will be appreciated that not every layer of second swirl tissue elements 1202 is provided with first straight extension 1251 and second straight extension 1252, as shown, for example, in fig. 1-5, and that second swirl tissue elements include swirl tissue elements 1215, 1216 having only first straight extension 1251 and no second straight extension 1252. Additionally, as shown, the first rotational flow tissue element 1201, i.e., the wave extension 1250, does not exceed 50% of the height of the rotational flow tissue region. Preferably, the first straight extension 1251 extends upward at an inclination angle A of 20 to 45, and the second straight extension 1252 extends downward at an inclination angle B of 20 to 45. Referring to fig. 9C and 10C, the ammonia uniformity (NH) of the mixed gas flow from the mixer 1 to the SCR reactor 5 under both large and small operating conditions ₃ Uniformity Index) of 0.95 or more, wherein the Uniformity of ammonia in the SCR reactor is 0.960 for large operation as shown in fig. 9C and 0.958 for small operation as shown in fig. 10C, and also illustrates that the urea spray is sufficiently decomposed and uniformly mixed with the exhaust gas by using the mixer of the above embodiment。

As shown in fig. 2 to 5 and fig. 6, the mixer 1 may be specifically configured such that the swirling weave elements 120 are integrally connected from the reactant distribution elements 111 of each layer, the reactant distribution elements 111 of each layer and the swirling weave elements 120 form the mixer units 130 of each layer, the mixer units 130 of each layer are connected by the connecting strips 140, as shown in fig. 6, so as to form the optical plate 150 of the mixer, and the optical plate 150 shown in fig. 6 is wound to form the mixer 1 of fig. 2 to 5, and the mixer 1 is a single piece. The mixer 1 may be fixedly connected to the pipe 3 by a welding or the like process. The mixer with the structure has simple processing technology and low processing cost.

In addition, the inventors have found that the mixer 1 of the above embodiment is particularly suitable for the requirements of more severe application environments, in particular, the diameter of the pipe 3 is less than or equal to 152.4mm (6 inches) due to the requirements of installation space, and the embodiment shown in the figure is 72mm; the axis 21 of the injector 2 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas flow, and in the configuration of fig. 1, the axis 21 of the injector passes through the communication opening 113 and is perpendicular to the reactant distribution element 110. In order to achieve sufficient decomposition and mixing of the urea spray, the droplets of the urea spray have an average particle size of less than 70 μm, in the embodiment shown in the figure 48 μm. As shown in fig. 7 to 8, the distribution under different working conditions is greatly different due to the small particle size of the liquid droplets. The scheme of the embodiment can ensure that the mixer and the exhaust system still have good mixing effect under the condition of meeting the requirement of compact installation space and can be suitable for different working conditions.

As can be seen from the above, the mixer assembly and the exhaust system described in the above embodiments have the beneficial effects that by arranging the reactant injection region and the reactant distribution elements, the rotational flow organization region and the rotational flow organization elements in multiple layers, the mixer can achieve sufficient decomposition of the urea spray under the exhaust flow rates of different working conditions, and the exhaust gas and the urea spray are uniformly mixed, so that the exhaust gas is efficiently and sufficiently treated in the SCR reactor, the nitrogen oxide treatment capability of the engine exhaust system is improved, and the mixer and the exhaust system can still have a good mixing effect under the requirement of adapting to a compact installation space.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, it is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (16)

1. A mixer for an engine exhaust system, the mixer comprising:

the reagent spraying area is distributed with a plurality of layers of reagent distribution elements, the reagent spraying area is divided into a plurality of spraying spaces among layers, and the reagent distribution elements of at least some layers are provided with communication openings communicated with the corresponding spraying spaces;

and the rotational flow tissue area is positioned at the downstream of the reactant injection area, and rotational flow tissue elements are distributed on the rotational flow tissue area.

2. The mixer of claim 1, wherein the size of the communication openings decreases from the upper level to the lower level of the reactant distribution elements, respectively.

3. The mixer of claim 2 wherein the area of the reactant distribution elements of the lowermost layer corresponding to the communication openings of the reactant distribution elements of the remaining layers is a closed area.

4. The mixer of claim 1, wherein at least the uppermost reactant distribution element has a flow-impeding portion at an upstream end.

5. The mixer according to claim 4, wherein the flow-obstructing portion occupies a height of the reactant injection region of not more than 20%.

6. The mixer of claim 1, wherein the swirl tissue elements extend downstream from each layer of the reactant distribution element, a portion of the layers of the plurality of layers of swirl tissue elements being first swirl tissue elements and a portion of the layers being second swirl tissue elements, the first swirl tissue elements having a first flow direction and the second swirl tissue elements having a second flow direction, the first flow direction intersecting the second flow direction.

7. The mixer of claim 6 wherein the first rotational flow organizing element has a wave-shaped extension that extends from upstream to downstream from an initial height first to a high height and then falls back to a low height, and the second rotational flow organizing element has a first straight extension that extends from upstream straight downstream from the initial height directly to the high height.

8. The mixer of claim 7, wherein the first rotational flow organizing element has the wave-shaped extension at a middle portion in a width direction, and second straight extensions extending downward from the initial height at both sides of the wave-shaped extension in the width direction; the second swirling tissue element has a first straight extension portion at a middle portion in the width direction, and second straight extension portions at both sides of the first straight extension portion in the width direction.

9. The mixer of claim 7, wherein the first swirl tissue element occupies a height of the swirl tissue region of no more than 50%.

10. The mixer of claim 8, wherein the first straight extension extends at an angle of 20 ° -45 ° to the high, and the second straight extension extends at an angle of 20 ° -45 ° to the low.

11. The mixer according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the swirl flow organizing elements are integrally connected with the reactant distribution elements of each layer, the reactant distribution elements of one layer and the swirl flow organizing elements constituting mixer units of one layer, the mixer units of each layer being connected by a connecting strip.

12. The mixer of claim 11, wherein the mixer is a unitary piece.

13. A mixer assembly, comprising a duct for the flow of exhaust gases and a mixer according to any one of claims 1-12 arranged in the duct, the side wall of the duct being provided with an injector.

14. The mixer assembly according to claim 13 wherein the conduit has a diameter of less than 152.4mm and the axis of the injector is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases.

15. The mixer assembly according to claim 14 wherein the reagent injected by the injector is a spray of urea solution having a mean droplet size of less than 70 μm.

16. An engine exhaust system comprising a mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and a reactor downstream of the mixer, the reactor being fluidly connected to the mixer such that a mixed gas stream of exhaust gas and reactants formed in the mixer can be output to the reactor.

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