CN115767612A

CN115767612A - Method for automatically identifying and matching 5G forwarding network interface

Info

Publication number: CN115767612A
Application number: CN202211370883.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭代席; 李共毅
Original assignee: Beijing Anysec Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Anysec Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-03
Filing date: 2022-11-03
Publication date: 2023-03-07

Abstract

A method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface belongs to the technical field of computers. Comprises the following steps: QSFP interface detection and SFP interface detection. The invention adopts the self-adaptive configuration technology of the clock phase-locked circuit at the receiving side, the automatic adjustment and sampling technology of the clock recovery circuit, the coding error code detection technology and other technologies, and realizes the functions of fast and automatic scanning and matching of port rate, line coding and frame protocol by judging whether the conditions of PLL locking, frequency deviation range, short-time frequency stability, code violation, frame synchronization and the like are normal, thereby greatly shortening the testing and troubleshooting time of the 5G forward interface.

Description

Method for automatically identifying and matching 5G forwarding network interface

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface, belonging to the technical field of computers.

Background

The 5G era is coming, cloud computing and edge computing are rapidly popularized, and smart city construction, smart traffic, smart energy, industrial internet, automatic driving, artificial intelligence, enterprise digital transformation and the like are enabled. Meanwhile, the newly constructed backbone network of the telecom operator has been fully expanded and upgraded to carry 5G mobile internet application data transmission, and affects the whole 5G infrastructure, i.e., forward, intermediate and return networks.

In the migration process from each industry to 5G, faster forward, intermediate and return rates are required, so that higher requirements are placed on indexes including delay, power loss, bit error rate and the like, and the network architectures must be optimized and tested to support various specific 5G services.

In addition, in the next few years, telecom operators will continue to support 4G networks, so that different types of traffic (CPRI/OBSAI/eccri) appear in a transport network, and it is required to ensure that different levels of traffic are mixed and transmitted through a network slice and meet respective QoS/SLA requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface.

A method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface comprises the following steps: QSFP interface detection and SFP interface detection.

The invention has the advantages that:

the 5G transport network interface rate is up to 17 rate options in total (rate range 0.6144 Gbps-103.125 Gbps). The method comprises the following steps: there are 10 options for the CPRI interface rate: 0.6 Gbps-24.3 Gbps; there are 3 options for the eccri and ethernet interface rate: 10Gbps,25Gbps,103.125Gbps; the OBSAI interface rate has 4 options: 0.8Gbps, 1.5Gbps, 3.1Gbps, and 6.1Gbps. The 5G transport network interface types include two types, SFP and QSFP.

By changing different 5G forwarding network interfaces and configuration parameters, the following 5 testing technical indexes are observed:

(1) Whether the receiving side PLL is locked;

(2) Whether the frequency offset range is within +/-100 ppm;

(3) The 2 second short-time frequency stability is within +/-10 ppm;

(4) Whether the codes have violation or not (the error rate is less than 10E-9) is judged;

(5) Whether the frame protocols are synchronized.

Only when the above 5 test technical indexes are simultaneously satisfied, it can be determined that the physical layer and the link layer of the current 5G fronthaul receiving side signal work normally, and can receive data normally, correctly identify and match the current 5G fronthaul receiving side signal, and further perform in-depth test and analysis on the network layer and the application layer data.

The tester site does not necessarily know the type of interface protocol to be tested or monitored and its rate conditions. The invention adopts the self-adaptive configuration technology of the clock phase-locked circuit at the receiving side, the automatic adjustment and sampling technology of the clock recovery circuit, the coding error code detection technology and other technologies, and realizes the functions of fast and automatic scanning and matching of port rate, line coding and frame protocol by judging whether the conditions of PLL locking, frequency deviation range, short-time frequency stability, code violation, frame synchronization and the like are normal, thereby greatly shortening the testing and troubleshooting time of the 5G forward interface.

Drawings

A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form a part of this specification, and wherein the illustrated embodiments of the invention and the description thereof are intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a flow chart of SFP interface detection according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of QSFP interface detection according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.

Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention based on the gist of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description, "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

The following is further illustrative in combination for ease of understanding the embodiments, and the various embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 3, a method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface detects an automatic rate and a frame protocol of a 5G forwarding network signal interface, and includes: a receiving side SFP interface detection step and a receiving side QSFP interface detection step.

A method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:

the interface rate detection starts;

is the test interface SFP? If not, starting a QSFP interface detection step; if yes, respectively setting related parameters of an option10, an option9, an option8, an option7A rate, a coding format and the like of the CPRI;

QSFP interface detection step, comprising the following steps:

judging whether PLL locking, frequency deviation range, short-time frequency stability, coding violation and link frame synchronization are normal or not, and if all are normal, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, respectively setting related parameters such as CPRI option 7-option 1 rate, coding format and the like;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the link frame synchronization are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, related parameters such as the OBSAI rate, the encoding format and the like are respectively set;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the link frame synchronization are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, respectively setting related parameters such as eCPRI 25GE, 10GE speed, coding format and the like;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the link frame synchronization are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, an automatic identification matching method of the SFP interface is started.

Example 2: a method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface is shown in FIG. 2 and comprises the following steps:

the interface rate detection starts;

is the test interface QSFP? If not, starting an SFP interface detection step; if yes, setting related parameters such as single lane speed, coding format and the like in 4lanes in sequence;

SFP interface detection step, comprising the following steps:

carrying out corresponding test according to the SFP interface test method, detecting whether an interface with a related speed is detected, and if so, detecting a CPRI or OBSAI speed interface signal; if not, setting related parameters such as eCPRI100GE 4lanes rate and coding format;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the CAUI-4 error code condition are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a 100GE rate interface signal; if not, setting related parameters such as eCPRI40GE 4lanes rate and coding format;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the code violation and the link frame synchronization are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a 40GE rate interface signal; if not, starting the automatic identification matching method of the QSFP interface.

QSFP (Quad Small Form-factor plug): a four-channel SFP interface (QSFP).

GBIC (short for Gigabit Interface Converter) is an Interface device that converts Gigabit electrical signals into optical signals, and SFP (Small Form-factor plug) is an upgraded version of GBIC.

CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface): a common public radio interface.

PLL (Phase Locked Loop): is a phase locked loop or phase locked loop.

LAN Emulation: local area network emulation or LAN emulation.

OBSAI (Open Base Station Architecture Initiative): open base station architecture.

CAUI (Channel Attachment Unit Interface): the channel is connected with the unit interface.

Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, a method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 is adopted.

Description of 5G forwarding interface rate and frame structure:

the 5G transmission network interface rate is up to 17 rate options (the rate ranges from 0.6144Gbps to 103.125 Gbps) in total, and comprises the following steps: there are 10 options for the CPRI interface rate: 0.6 Gbps-24.3 Gbps; there are 3 options for the eccri and ethernet interface rate: 10Gbps,25Gbps,103.125Gbps; the OBSAI interface rate has 4 options: 0.8Gbps, 1.5Gbps, 3.1Gbps, and 6.1Gbps.

A tester does not necessarily know the protocol type and the speed condition of an interface to be tested on site, and the interface speed is locked by adopting a receiving side clock phase locking circuit self-adaptive configuration technology and a clock recovery circuit automatic adjustment and sampling technology to realize the automatic scanning function of the port speed, so that the test and troubleshooting time of a 5G forwarding interface is shortened.

CPRI link protocol:

CPRI defines the physical Layer (Layer 1) and data link Layer (Layer 2) protocols that serve the transport of USER (USER), control and management (C & M), and Synchronization (SYNC) platform information between REC and RE or between two REs.

REC (Radio Equipment Controller) is a Radio Equipment control center.

RE (Radio Equipment) wireless device.

The CPRI protocol defines 10 interface rates, which are as follows:

option1, interface rate is 614.4Mbit/s;

option2, the interface rate is 1228.8Mbit/s;

option3, the interface rate is 2457.6Mbit/s;

option4, the interface rate is 3072.0Mbit/s;

option5, the interface rate is 4915.2Mbit/s;

option6, interface rate is 6144.0Mbit/s;

option7, the interface rate is 9830.4Mbit/s;

option7A, the interface rate is 8110.08Mbit/s;

option8, interface rate is 10137.6Mbit/s;

option9, the interface rate is 12165.12Mbit/s;

option10 interface rate is 24330.24Mbit/s.

The option1, option2, option3, option4, option5, option6 and option7A adopt 8B/10B line coding, and the option7A, option8, option9 and option10 adopt 64B/66B line coding. In 4G, CPRI7 (9.8 Gbps) is common; in 5G, CPRI7 (9.8 Gbps) and CPRI10 (24 Gbps) are common.

CPRI basic frame (basicframe) frame length Tc =1/fc =1/3.84mhz =260.416667ns. One basic frame consists of 16 words, with the number W =0. (note: here word does not equal binary word). The length of each word is T, depending on the line rate of the CPRI. 256 basic frames constitute one superframe (superframe), and 150 superframes constitute one radio frame (10 ms).

OBSAI Link protocol:

the OBSAI specifies 4 fiber rates, which are 768Mbps, 1536Mbps, 3072Mbps, 6144Mbps, and usually expressed as 1x, 2x, and 4x, 21 x code streams can be changed into a 2x code stream in a Message (Message) cross multiplexing manner, and 2x code streams can also be changed into a 4x code stream in the same manner, because the 1x code stream rate is low and the processing is convenient, the 2x and 4x code streams are usually demultiplexed into several 1x code streams, and the corresponding code streams are multiplexed into 2x and 4x code streams after the processing.

The minimum unit of the OBSAI protocol is a message that contains 4 parts of destination address, data type, timestamp and payload, 19 bytes total.

eCPRI link protocol:

the eCPRI standard defines a specification for connecting eREC and eRE over a fronthaul network (FrontaulTransportNet). It is used for 5G systems LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced Pro.

The eCPRI protocol physical layer generally conforms to the 10G, 25G, 40G, and 100G Ethernet electrical and optical physical reference standards provided in IEEE 802.3.

When the eCPRI user plane option is based on ethernet frames, the eCPRI message should be transmitted in standard ethernet frames. The type field of the ethernet frame should contain the eccliethertype. The data field of the ethernet frame should contain an eccri common header at the beginning followed by an eccri payload. The eccri message should be embedded in the ethernet frame in the form of a group of octets.

When the eCPRI user plane option is based on IP packets, the eCPRI message should be transmitted in UDP/IP packets. The data field of a UDP datagram contains an eccri common header at its beginning, followed by an eccri payload. The eccri message should be embedded in the UDP datagram in the form of a series of bytes. UDP datagrams should encapsulate the ecprpipdu accurately, i.e. without the need to add padding bytes in the ecprpipdu.

Example 4: as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface includes the following steps:

the 5G forwarding network interface automatic identification flow steps:

the receiving side connection interface comprises an SFP interface and a QSFP interface.

The receiving side connection interface is an SFP interface, and the detection step of the SFP interface comprises the following steps: the receive side reference clock is set to 245.76MHz (or 307.2MHz, etc.) and the line interface rate is set to 24.33024Gbps. Line rates of 24.33024Gbps, 12.16512Gbps, 10.1376Gbps, 8.11008Gbps and the like can be obtained by changing PLL frequency division (M/N, M and N are integers respectively) on a receiving side of the line, and signal coding is set to 64B/66B. At this time, whether the PLL of the received signal is locked, whether the frequency deviation is within the range of +/-100 ppm, whether the short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within the range of +/-10 ppm, whether the code is illegal and whether the CPRI link frame is synchronous are detected. And if the above conditions are met, the CPRI interface signal of the corresponding rate is identified.

Line rates of 9.8304Gbps, 6.144Gbps, 4.9512Gbps, 3.072Gbps, 2.4576Gbps, 1.2288Gbps, 0.6144Gbps and the like can be obtained by continuously changing the frequency division of the line PLL, and the signal code is 8B/10B. At this time, whether the PLL of the received signal is locked, whether the frequency deviation is within 100ppm, whether the short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within +/-10 ppm, whether the code is illegal and whether the CPRI link frame is synchronous are detected. And if the above conditions are met, the CPRI interface signal of the corresponding rate is identified.

Line rates of 6.144Gbps, 3.072Gbps, 1.536Gbps, 0.768Gbps and the like can be obtained by continuously changing the frequency division of the line PLL, and the signals are coded into 8B/10B. At this time, whether the PLL of the received signal is locked, whether the frequency deviation is within the range of +/-100 ppm, whether the short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within the range of +/-10 ppm, whether the code is illegal and whether the OBSAI frame is synchronous are detected. And if the above conditions are met, identifying the OBSAI interface signal of the corresponding rate is indicated.

The reference clock at the receiving side is set to 156.25MHz (or 100MHz, 125MHz, etc.), and the line interface rates are set to 25.78125Gbps, respectively. Line rates of 25.78125Gbps, 10.3125Gbps and the like can be obtained by changing PLL frequency division (M/N, M and N are respectively integers) of a line receiving side, and signals are encoded into 64B/66B. At this time, whether the PLL of the received signal is locked, whether the frequency deviation is within the range of +/-100 ppm, whether the short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within the range of +/-10 ppm, whether the coding is illegal and whether the MAC frame has FCS error codes are detected. And if the above conditions are met, the eCPRI interface signals of the corresponding rate are identified.

When the receiving side connection interface is a QSFP interface: the QSFP interface detection step comprises the following steps:

the 4lane channels are lane0, lane1, lane2 and lane3 respectively.

The automatic identification process of the CPRI protocol or the OBSAI protocol comprises the following steps: selecting a certain channel, and identifying whether the channel is a CPRI protocol or an OBSAI protocol one by one according to the same method as the SFP interface process;

eCPRI100GE protocol identification process: and setting the reference clock of the receiving side to 322.265625MHz, simultaneously selecting 4lane channels, setting the line interface rate to 25.78125Gbps, and encoding the signal to 64B/66B. At the moment, whether a receiving signal PLL is locked, whether frequency deviation is within a range of +/-100 ppm, whether short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within a range of +/-10 ppm, whether coding is illegal or not and whether a CAUI-4 interface has error codes or not are detected. And if the above conditions are met, the 100GEeCPRI interface signals are identified.

eCPRI40GE protocol identification flow: the reference clock of the receiving side is set to 322.265625MHz, 4lane channels are simultaneously selected, the line interface rate is respectively set to 10.3125Gbps, and the signal code is 64B/66B. At the moment, whether a receiving signal PLL is locked or not, whether frequency deviation is within a range of +/-100 ppm or not, whether short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within a range of +/-10 ppm or not, whether coding is illegal or not and whether an XLAUI interface has error codes or not are detected. And if the above conditions are met, the 40GEeCPRI interface signals are identified.

As described above, although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all such modifications are also included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically identifying and matching a 5G forwarding network interface is characterized by comprising the following steps: QSFP interface detection and SFP interface detection.

2. The method for automatically identifying and matching the 5G forwarding network interface according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

is the test interface SFP? If not, starting a QSFP interface detection step; if yes, respectively setting an option10, an option9, an option8 and an option7A rate of the CPRI and relevant parameters of a coding format;

is the test interface QSFP? If not, starting the SFP interface detection step; if yes, setting single lane rate and coding format related parameters in 4lanes in sequence.

3. The method for automatically identifying and matching 5G forwarding network interfaces according to claim 2, wherein the QSFP interface detecting step comprises the following steps:

judging whether PLL locking, frequency deviation range, short-time frequency stability, coding violation and link frame synchronization are normal or not, and if all are normal, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, respectively setting the rates from CPRI option7 to option1 and the relevant parameters of the coding format;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the link frame synchronization are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, respectively setting OBSAI rate and coding format related parameters;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the link frame synchronization are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a corresponding rate interface signal; if not, respectively setting eCPRI 25GE and 10GE rates and relevant parameters of the coding format;

at the moment, whether PLL locking, frequency deviation range, short-time frequency stability, coding violation do not exist, and link frame synchronization conditions are normal or not is judged, and if the conditions are normal, a corresponding rate interface signal is detected; if not, then QSFP interface polling is initiated.

4. The method for automatically identifying and matching 5G forwarding network interfaces according to claim 2, wherein the SFP interface detecting step comprises the following steps:

carrying out corresponding test according to the SFP interface test method, detecting whether an interface with a related speed is detected, and if so, detecting a CPRI or OBSAI speed interface signal; if not, setting the eCPRI100GE 4lanes rate and the related parameters of the coding format;

judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the coding violation and the CAUI-4 error code condition are normal at the moment, and if so, detecting a 100GE rate interface signal; if not, setting eCPRI40GE 4lanes rate and coding format related parameters;

at the moment, whether PLL locking, frequency deviation range, short-time frequency stability, coding violation do not exist, and link frame synchronization conditions are normal or not is judged, and if the conditions are normal, a 40GE rate interface signal is detected; if not, SFP interface polling is initiated.

5. The method for automatically identifying and matching 5G forwarding network interfaces as claimed in claim 4, wherein the SFP interface detection step comprises the following steps:

and judging whether the PLL locking, the frequency deviation range, the short-time frequency stability, the code violation and the link frame synchronization are normal or not, and if not, starting the automatic identification matching method of the QSFP interface.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

QSFP interface detection step, comprising the following steps:

the 4lane channels are lane0, lane1, lane2 and lane3 respectively,

the automatic identification process of the CPRI protocol or the OBSAI protocol comprises the following steps: selecting a certain channel, and identifying whether the channel is a CPRI protocol or an OBSAI protocol one by one according to the same method as an SFP interface process;

eCPRI100GE protocol identification flow: setting a reference clock of a receiving side to 322.265625MHz, simultaneously selecting 4lane channels, setting a line interface rate to 25.78125Gbps and a signal code to 64B/66B, detecting whether a receiving signal PLL is locked, whether frequency deviation is in a range of +/-100 ppm, whether short-time frequency stability (in 2 seconds) is in a range of +/-10 ppm, whether coding is illegal or not, whether a CAUI-4 interface has an error code or not, and if the conditions are met, indicating that 100GEeCPRI interface signals are identified,

eCPRI40GE protocol identification flow: setting a reference clock of a receiving side to 322.265625MHz, simultaneously selecting 4lane channels, setting line interface rates to 10.3125Gbps respectively, and setting a signal code to 64B/66B, detecting whether a PLL (phase locked Loop) of a received signal is locked, whether frequency deviation is within a range of +/-100 ppm, whether short-time frequency stability (within 2 seconds) is within a range of +/-10 ppm, whether coding is illegal or not, whether an XLAUI interface has an error code or not, and if the conditions are met, identifying a 40GEeCPRI interface signal.