CN115765914A

CN115765914A - Optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function

Info

Publication number: CN115765914A
Application number: CN202211527436.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周天红; 李志光; 纪涛; 苗志鹏; 黄宁博
Original assignee: HENAN SHIJIA PHOTONS TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: HENAN SHIJIA PHOTONS TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2022-12-01
Filing date: 2022-12-01
Publication date: 2023-03-07

Abstract

The invention provides an optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with a power failure protection function, which is used for solving the technical problems that the existing optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer does not have an accidental power failure alarm function, so that an optical network cannot realize automatic switching protection and timely fault location and fault recovery. The optical switch comprises an array waveguide grating module group, a variable optical attenuator array module group and a circuit controller module group, wherein the circuit controller module group is connected with the variable optical attenuator array module group, a VOA controller and an OS controller are arranged in the circuit controller module group, the VOA controller is connected with the variable optical attenuator array module group, the OS controller is connected with an optical switch module group, and an optical switch in the optical switch module group works in a closed state when not powered on and works in an open state when powered on. The optical switch is in a closed state, and the optical power is abnormal, so that the power-down protection function is realized.

Description

Optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to an optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with a power failure protection function, which is an integrated optical device with the power failure protection function, and particularly relates to fault detection, positioning, notification and fault recovery.

Background

Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) in combination with Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technology have become the dominant means of high-rate and high-capacity fiber communications today. However, due to the uneven gain spectrum of the EDFA, after a plurality of signals with different wavelengths in the DWDM system are amplified and transmitted by the EDFA, corresponding gains are inconsistent, and the uneven gains are continuously accumulated along with the cascade connection of a plurality of EDFAs in the long-distance communication system, which causes the uneven power distribution of channels (wavelengths) and leads to the dynamic imbalance of the system. In addition, when the number of channels increases or the power of a certain channel changes, power jumps of other channels may also occur, and the optical power value and the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) received by each channel of the receiver are different. This imbalance is very detrimental to the transmission performance of the whole system, and often causes crosstalk between the signals, so that the error rate (EBR) of some wavelength channels is higher than a specified value. If the non-equilibrium power value is too high, the optical signal generates non-linear effect in the optical fiber transmission, and the received optical power value exceeds the maximum dynamic range of the receiver; if the unbalanced power value is too low, so that the received optical power value is lower than the sensitivity of the receiver, many adverse effects such as optical signals cannot be received. To achieve high-speed, error-free transmission of optical signals over long distances in DWDM systems, the optical power of each channel must be equalized.

The optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer (VMUX) is a channel optical power pre-equalization wave-combining module, has the functions of wave-combining and pre-equalization of optical power of each channel, can regulate the optical attenuation between input and output under the control of a circuit, actively reports alarm information, executes related operations according to the requirement of network management, and reports related information. The VMUX structure is shown in fig. 1, and mainly includes three major module group parts: array Waveguide Grating (AWG) Module group A, variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array Module group B and circuit Controller (Module Controller) Module group C. The Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) module group a includes an AWG chip F, as shown in fig. 2, the AWG chip uses a heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G and a temperature sensor E, and the constant temperature operation is realized by a temperature control circuit of the AWG; as shown in fig. 3, the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array module group B also uses a heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G and a temperature sensor E, and the constant temperature operation is realized by a temperature control circuit of the VOA.

The technical solution of the conventional optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer shown in fig. 1 does not have an accidental power failure alarm function, the communications between the VMUX and the network manager depend on a circuit part, but if an accidental power failure occurs, the communication circuit does not have power supply, and alarm information cannot be uploaded, and the network manager mistakenly considers that the module works normally because the network manager does not receive the alarm information. The VMUX works on a main line, and once a fault occurs, the influence on the service is great. Therefore, the functions of fault detection, location, notification, fault alarm, fault recovery for optical network, and automatic switching protection for optical fiber circuit are urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with a power down protection function, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer does not have an accidental power failure alarm function, so that an optical network cannot realize automatic switching protection and timely fault location and fault recovery.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: an optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with a power failure protection function comprises an arrayed waveguide grating module group, a variable optical attenuator array module group and a circuit controller module group, wherein the circuit controller module group is connected with the variable optical attenuator array module group, a VOA controller and an OS controller are arranged in the circuit controller module group, the VOA controller is connected with the variable optical attenuator array module group, the OS controller is connected with an optical switch module group, and an optical switch in the optical switch module group works in an off state when power is not applied and works in an on state when power is applied.

Preferably, the circuit controller module group and the RS232 communication interface are connected with the client control module group.

Preferably, the array waveguide grating module group comprises an AWG chip, and the outer side of the AWG chip is provided with a heat-seal-free portion.

Preferably, an AWG controller is arranged in the circuit controller module group, and the AWG controller is connected to the arrayed waveguide grating module group; the array waveguide grating module group comprises an AWG chip, a heater or a Peltier cooler is arranged on the outer side of the AWG chip, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the AWG chip.

Preferably, the variable optical attenuator array module group includes a VOA chip, and a temperature sensor is disposed on the VOA chip.

Preferably, a heater or a peltier cooler is arranged on the VOA chip.

Preferably, the athermal package portion is one of a slab waveguide movement/rotation scheme, an input waveguide movement scheme, a slab waveguide polymer fill scheme, or an arrayed waveguide polymer fill scheme.

Preferably, the middle part of the input slab waveguide or the output slab waveguide of the AWG chip is cut along a cutting line to form two parts, the two parts are respectively provided with a moving part i or a moving part ii fixed on the non-heat-sealed part, a temperature driver is fixed between the side ends of the moving part i and the moving part ii, the two cut parts can generate relative movement with temperature change through a temperature compensator, wavelength drift caused by temperature is compensated, and thus the central wavelength of the AWG chip is obtained without changing with the ambient temperature.

Preferably, the operating principle of the array waveguide grating module set and the variable optical attenuator array module set is as follows: the constant working temperature T0 is set by the single chip microcomputer of the AWG controller and the VOA controller in the circuit controller module group, the actual temperature T1 is measured by the temperature sensor in real time, the difference value between the temperature T1 and the temperature T0 is calculated by the single chip microcomputer, and the magnitude and/or the direction of the voltage or the current applied to the heater or the Peltier refrigerator are controlled through a temperature feedback PID control algorithm stored in the single chip microcomputer so as to heat/not heat or refrigerate the heater or the Peltier refrigerator, thereby enabling the heater or the Peltier refrigerator to work at the constant set working temperature T0 all the time.

Preferably, a lookup table is arranged in a single chip microcomputer of the VOA controller in the circuit controller module group, and a corresponding relation between different input voltages or currents and attenuation amounts of the VOA at different temperatures is arranged in the lookup table.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer is unexpectedly powered off, the circuit cannot feed back abnormal power off, but the optical switch is in a closed state, and the optical power is abnormal, so that the optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer has a power failure protection function. The invention comprises an Optical Switch (OS) module group, is in a closed state when power is off and has a power failure holding function; after power failure, the output light power is sharply reduced, so that an alarm function is provided on a light path; the technical scheme of the invention provides a solution for fault location and recovery of the optical network.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an AWG portion of a conventional optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a VOA portion of a conventional optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an arrayed waveguide grating module group according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a module set of the variable optical attenuator array according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structure diagram of an AWG non-heat-sealed portion disclosed in the prior art.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an AWG athermal package overall scheme as disclosed in the prior art.

In the figure, a-Array Waveguide Grating (AWG) module group; B-Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array module group; a C-circuit Controller (Module Controller) Module group; a set of D-Optical Switch (OS) modules; e-temperature sensor; F-AWG chip; a G-heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator; an H-VOA chip; I-AWG no heat-sealing part; 1-1 is a moving part I; 1-2 is a moving part II; 1-3 is a rotary connecting shaft; 1-4 are lugs I; 1-5 are lugs II; 2-a temperature driver; 4 and 5 are both fixed points of the temperature driver and the bottom plate; 6-a cut line on the AWG chip; the D1 and D2-AWG chips are cut along the cutting line 6 to form two parts.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The existing VMUX only comprises an Array Waveguide Grating (AWG) module group A, a Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array module group B and a circuit controller module group C, wherein the circuit controller module group C comprises a VOA controller and an AWG controller, the VOA controller is connected with the Array Waveguide Grating (AWG) module group A, the AWG controller is connected with the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array module group B, and the AWG module group A and the VOA array module group B can normally work under the control of the circuit controller module group C. In the event of an unexpected power outage, the VOA operates on the principle of minimizing attenuation when not powered, which can result in excessive optical power in the optical communications link and damage to the equipment in the link. In order to solve the potential safety hazard caused by accidental power failure, the invention provides that an Optical Switch (OS) module group D is added to realize the power failure protection function of the VMUX. The optical switch is designed to work in an off state when not powered on and has a power-down maintaining function, namely to be kept in the off working state when power is down; and the power-on state is operated. Therefore, when unexpected power failure occurs, the optical switch is not powered on, the optical path is in an off state, and no optical power exists in the communication link, so that the power-down protection function is realized.

Example 1

An optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function, as shown in fig. 4, includes an arrayed waveguide grating module group a, a variable optical attenuator array module group B, a circuit controller module group C and an optical switch module group D, where the variable optical attenuator array module group B and the optical switch module group D are both connected with the arrayed waveguide grating module group a, the circuit controller module group C includes a VOA controller, an AWG controller and an OS controller, the VOA controller is connected with the variable optical attenuator array module group B, and the VOA controller is used to send an instruction to a VOA chip H to control the attenuation of the VOA. The AWG controller is connected with the array waveguide grating module group A and is used for sending an instruction to the AWG chip F and controlling the working temperature of the AWG. And the Optical Switch (OS) module group D is in an off state when power is off and has a power-down maintaining function. After the Optical Switch (OS) module group D is powered down, the output optical power is sharply reduced, thereby providing an alarm function on an optical path. The OS controller is connected with the optical switch module group D and is used for sending instructions to the optical switch OS and controlling the on and off of the optical switch OS. The array waveguide grating module group A and the variable optical attenuator array module group B are both provided with a temperature control circuit for temperature control. The optical switch of the optical switch module group D works in an off state when not powered on and works in an on state when powered on. The circuit controller module group C is connected with the client control module group through an RS232 communication interface. The client control module is communicated with the optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer, and controls the working state of the optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer according to the actual application requirements of clients.

As shown in fig. 2, the array waveguide grating module group a includes an AWG chip F, and a heater or a Peltier (Peltier) cooler G is used outside the AWG chip F to heat or cool the AWG chip F. The AWG chip is internally provided with a temperature sensor E for detecting the temperature of the AWG chip, and the constant temperature work of the array waveguide grating Module group A is realized through an AWG Controller of a circuit Controller (Module Controller) Module group C. The Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array Module group B includes a VOA chip H, as shown in fig. 3, a heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G and a temperature sensor E are disposed on the VOA chip H, and the VOA Controller of the circuit Controller (Module Controller) Module group C is used to realize the constant temperature operation of the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array Module group B. The working principle of the array waveguide grating module group A and the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array module group B is as follows: the single chip microcomputer of the AWG Controller and the VOA Controller in the circuit Controller (Module Controller) Module group C sets a constant working temperature T0, the temperature sensor E feeds back the actual temperature T1 of the VMUX at any time, the single chip microcomputer calculates the difference value between the temperature T1 and the temperature T0 at any time, and controls the magnitude and/or the direction of the voltage or the current applied to the heater or the Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G through a temperature feedback PID (proportional, integral and differential) control algorithm stored in the single chip microcomputer so as to heat/not heat or refrigerate the heater or the Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G, thereby enabling the VUMX to work at the constant set working temperature T0 all the time and realizing the stable and normal work of the VMUX. If the actual temperature T1 is higher than the working temperature T0, no voltage is applied to the heater G, the temperature is naturally reduced to the working temperature T0 by utilizing natural heat dissipation, or reverse voltage or current is applied to a Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G to refrigerate the VMUX, so that the temperature is reduced to the working temperature T0; if the actual temperature T1 is less than the operating temperature T0, a power is applied to the heater G to heat the temperature to the operating temperature T0, or a forward voltage or current is applied to a Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator G to heat the temperature to the operating temperature T0. The constant working temperatures T0 of the arrayed waveguide grating module group a and the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) arrayed module group B may be set respectively and may be different.

Example 2

An optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function, different from embodiment 1, the circuit controller module group C includes a VOA controller and an OS controller, the VOA controller is connected to the arrayed waveguide grating module group a, and the OS controller is connected to the optical switch module group D, as shown in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 6, the arrayed waveguide grating module group a has no heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator, needs no power-up, does not need a temperature control circuit, and adopts the athermal packaging scheme in patent 201810428523.4. As shown in fig. 7, in which the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array Module group B has no heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator, and only the temperature sensor E, it is only necessary to control the applied voltage or current by the VOA Controller of the circuit Controller (Module Controller) Module group C, thereby implementing the features of low power consumption and high reliability of the VMUX.

In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the arrayed waveguide grating module group a comprises an AWG chip F, the AWG chip F is arranged on the heat-free packaging part I, as shown in fig. 6, the AWG chip F has no heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator, has no temperature sensor, does not need to be powered on, does not need a temperature control circuit, has only the AWG chip F and the heat-free packaging part I, and adopts the heat-free packaging scheme in patent 201810428523.4 as an example, and specific details are shown in related patents.

As shown in fig. 8, the athermal package portion I of the AWG chip F disclosed in patent 201810428523.4 includes a base plate 1 and a temperature driver 2, the base plate 1 includes a moving portion I1-1, a moving portion ii 1-2 and a rotary connecting shaft 1-3, a gap is provided between the moving portion I1-1 and the moving portion ii 1-2, and the rotary connecting shaft 1-3 is disposed in the gap and connects the moving portion I1-1 and the moving portion ii 1-2 together; the temperature driver 2 is arranged between the lug I1-4 and the lug II 1-5, and the expansion coefficient of the bottom plate 1 is different from that of the temperature driver 2. The temperature driver and the bottom plate are two relatively independent entities, and the temperature driver is fixed on the bottom plate in a mechanical, welding or adhesive mode.

In the AWG athermal package integral scheme disclosed in patent 201810428523.4, as shown in fig. 9, if the input or output slab waveguide of the AWG chip F is cut along the cutting line 6, the cutting line 6 can be disposed at any position of the AWG input or output slab waveguide to form two parts D1 and D2, and the two cut parts can relatively move with the temperature change through the temperature compensator 2, so that the wavelength drift caused by the temperature can be compensated, and the central wavelength of the AWG chip F is obtained without changing with the ambient temperature.

The proposed solution of the present invention, in which the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) array module group B, as shown in fig. 7, has no heater or Peltier (Peltier) refrigerator, and only has a temperature sensor E. The athermal encapsulation part I adopted by the AWG module group a in the specific embodiment of the present invention is only exemplified by the athermal encapsulation scheme in patent 201810428523.4, including but not limited to: the method comprises the following technical schemes of slab waveguide movement/rotation, input waveguide movement, slab waveguide polymer filling, array waveguide polymer filling and the like.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with the power failure protection function comprises an array waveguide grating module group (A), a variable optical attenuator array module group (B) and a circuit controller module group (C), wherein the circuit controller module group (C) is connected with the variable optical attenuator array module group (B).

2. The optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function according to claim 1, wherein the circuit controller module group (C) and RS232 communication interface are connected with a client control module group.

3. The optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection according to claim 2, wherein the arrayed waveguide grating module group (a) includes an AWG chip (F) having a heat-seal-free portion (I) disposed outside the AWG chip (F).

4. The optical power down protection wavelength division multiplexer according to claim 2, wherein the circuit controller module group (C) is provided with an AWG controller therein, and the AWG controller is connected to the arrayed waveguide grating module group (a); the array waveguide grating module group (A) comprises an AWG chip (F), a heater or a Peltier cooler is arranged on the outer side of the AWG chip (F), and a temperature sensor is arranged on the AWG chip (F).

5. The optical power down protection wavelength division multiplexer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the variable optical attenuator array module group (B) comprises a VOA chip (H), and a temperature sensor is disposed on the VOA chip (H).

6. The optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection according to claim 5, wherein a heater or a peltier cooler is disposed on the VOA chip (H).

7. The optical power down protection wavelength division multiplexer according to claim 3, wherein the heat-free packaging part (I) is one of a slab waveguide shift/rotation scheme, an input waveguide shift scheme, a slab waveguide polymer fill scheme or an arrayed waveguide polymer fill scheme.

8. The optical power tunable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function according to claim 4, wherein the middle of the input slab waveguide or the output slab waveguide of the AWG chip (F) is cut along a cutting line (6) to form two parts, the two parts are respectively disposed and fixed on a moving part I (1-1) or a moving part ii (1-2) of the heat-seal-free part (I), a temperature driver (2) is fixed between the side ends of the moving part I (1-1) and the moving part ii (1-2), the two cut parts can relatively move with temperature change through the temperature compensator (2), and wavelength drift caused by temperature is compensated, so that the central wavelength of the AWG chip (F) does not change with ambient temperature.

9. The optical power down protection capable wavelength division multiplexer according to claim 8, wherein the arrayed waveguide grating module group (a) and the variable optical attenuator array module group (B) operate according to the following principle: the constant working temperature T0 is set by the single chip microcomputer of the AWG controller and the VOA controller in the circuit controller module group (C), the actual temperature T1 is measured by the temperature sensor in real time, the difference value between the temperature T1 and the temperature T0 is calculated by the single chip microcomputer, and the magnitude and/or the direction of the voltage or the current applied to the heater or the Peltier cooler are controlled through a temperature feedback PID control algorithm stored in the single chip microcomputer to heat/not heat or refrigerate the heater or the Peltier cooler, so that the heater or the Peltier cooler always works at the constant set working temperature T0.

10. The optical power adjustable wavelength division multiplexer with power down protection function according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein a lookup table is arranged in a single chip of the VOA controller in the circuit controller module group (C), and a corresponding relationship between different input voltages or currents at different temperatures and the attenuation of the VOA is arranged in the lookup table.