CN115764912A - Networking type SVG control method taking stability and active support into consideration - Google Patents

Networking type SVG control method taking stability and active support into consideration Download PDF

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CN115764912A
CN115764912A CN202211440555.9A CN202211440555A CN115764912A CN 115764912 A CN115764912 A CN 115764912A CN 202211440555 A CN202211440555 A CN 202211440555A CN 115764912 A CN115764912 A CN 115764912A
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朱克平
何英静
沈舒仪
李帆
胡鹏飞
于彦雪
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Zhejiang University ZJU
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Zhejiang University ZJU
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a networking type SVG control method giving consideration to both stability and active support, and belongs to the technical field of wind power grid-connected reactive power compensation control. An active control loop is designed by analogy of the charging and discharging characteristics of a direct-current bus capacitor and the acceleration and deceleration characteristics of a synchronous motor rotor, the relation between the angular frequency of the active loop and the voltage of the direct-current bus is obtained, and then the phase angle of the networking type SVG virtual internal potential is obtained; calculating the amplitude of the virtual inner potential of the SVG according to the reactive control loop; calculating d-axis and q-axis voltage components of the virtual internal potential according to the virtual impedance control loop; based on the phase angle of the virtual internal potential and the d-axis and q-axis voltage components of the virtual internal potential, the virtual internal potential of the grid-forming SVG is generated through inverse Park conversion, a control signal of a grid-forming SVG switching tube is obtained through a PWM modulator, and the grid-forming SVG main circuit is controlled. The safe and stable operation of the wind power grid-connected system is guaranteed while the condition that the voltage fluctuation of the public grid-connected point of the system is not out of limit is met.

Description

Networking type SVG control method taking stability and active support into consideration
Technical Field
The invention discloses a networking type SVG control method giving consideration to both stability and active support, and aims to solve the problems that the existing network following type SVG control cannot provide system support and is easy to cause oscillation by surrounding Static Var Generators (SVG) in the technical field of wind power grid-connected reactive power compensation control.
Background
The large-scale offshore wind power equipment is connected to a power distribution network, and the randomness of the overall power fluctuation and the positive and negative voltage bidirectional fluctuation of the wind power plant is further aggravated. Therefore, the wind power plant needs to be connected with the high-capacity SVG to compensate voltage fluctuation caused by wind power, and the transmission efficiency of the system is improved. SVG has nimble controllable reactive compensation advantage as a power electronic conversion device, however, its control loop design also can produce important influence to the stable operation of wind-powered electricity generation grid-connected system.
The existing SVG mostly adopts a network following type control mode, provides a reference signal for a current inner loop through direct current voltage control, constant alternating current voltage or constant reactive power control, and realizes synchronization with a grid-connected point (a public coupling point) based on phase-locked loop control. Research shows that the grid-following type SVG has a capacitive negative damping characteristic in a medium-low frequency band, the subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation problem of a wind power plant is aggravated, and the stable grid connection of new energy is influenced. In addition, the grid-following SVG can only passively adapt to the power grid environment, and is difficult to provide active support of voltage and frequency for a power electronic power system.
With the large-scale application of power electronic equipment in modern power grids, new power systems require more new energy power electronic equipment or power electronic compensation equipment to participate in voltage regulation and frequency modulation of the power grids, and active support is provided for the systems. Therefore, a network configuration type control method that simulates the external characteristics of the synchronous machine has attracted attention. However, at present, the networking type control is mostly applied to new energy or energy storage power electronic equipment, and the application of the networking type control in the power electronic compensation equipment is less. Although relevant researchers of China institute of Electrical science and technology propose an SVG control method based on a network-structured converter, the method obtains an active power reference value based on a voltage actual value at the direct current side of the SVG, performs virtual inertia and damping control based on the active power reference value, and further determines an internal potential virtual phase angle of the SVG, as shown in FIG. 1, in the method, the generation of the phase angle needs to use a cascaded direct current voltage control loop, a cascaded virtual inertia and a cascaded damping control loop as an active control loop, the loop is complex and has more parameters, the complexity of SVG parameter adjustment is increased, and the method is not beneficial to practical application.
Therefore, in order to research a simpler and effective networking type control method suitable for the SVG, the following defects of the configuration of a wind power grid-connected system and the networking type SVG in a novel power system are overcome: 1) The grid-following SVG can aggravate the sub/super synchronous oscillation risk caused by the wind power converter; 2) The invention provides a networking type SVG control method which gives consideration to stability and active support based on Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) networking type control and combining direct-current voltage control and reactive compensation requirements of SVG, and the method can assist stable grid-connected consumption of new energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a network-based SVG control method which gives consideration to stability and active support in order to overcome the defects of the prior art and weaken the adverse effect of network-based SVG control on a wind power grid-connected system. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a networking type SVG control method giving consideration to both stability and active support comprises the following steps:
acquiring direct-current bus voltage of the grid-type SVG according to an active control loop of the grid-type SVG, and obtaining a relation between angular frequency of the active loop of the grid-type SVG and the direct-current bus voltage by simulating the charging and discharging characteristics of a direct-current bus capacitor and the acceleration and deceleration characteristics of a synchronous motor rotor so as to further obtain a phase angle of virtual internal potential of the grid-type SVG;
step two, obtaining the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG according to the reactive power control loop of the network-type SVG;
step three: according to the virtual impedance control loop, taking the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the networking type SVG obtained in the second step as the voltage setting of a d axis under a dq coordinate system, setting the voltage setting of a q axis as 0, and superposing virtual voltage signals generated by virtual impedance on the basis of the voltage setting of the d axis and the q axis to obtain the voltage components of the d axis and the q axis of new virtual internal potential;
step four: generating a virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG through inverse Park transformation based on the phase angle of the virtual internal potential obtained in the first step and the d-axis and q-axis voltage components of the virtual internal potential obtained in the third step;
and step five, taking the virtual internal potential obtained in the step four as a PWM (pulse-Width modulation) signal, obtaining a control signal of a grid-forming SVG switching tube through a PWM (pulse-Width modulation) modulator, and controlling the grid-forming SVG main circuit.
Further, the active control loop of the network-type SVG is represented as:
Figure BDA0003948047510000021
wherein, omega represents the angular frequency of the active ring of the network-forming SVG, C dc Direct-current side capacitance, v, representing grid-type SVG dcref Direct-current bus voltage given value v for expressing grid-structured SVG dc Direct current bus voltage, omega, representing grid-forming SVG N Expressing a given value of the angular frequency of the active ring of the grid-forming SVG, wherein the given value is consistent with the angular frequency of a grid-forming point of the grid-forming SVG; g m To make a virtual conductance, D p And the damping coefficient is represented, J represents virtual moment of inertia, s represents a Laplace operator, and theta represents a phase angle of potential in the network type SVG virtual inner potential.
Further, the method for designing the reactive power control loop of the network-building type SVG specifically comprises the following steps: collecting voltage and current of a grid-connected point of the grid-connected SVG, calculating reactive power of the grid-connected point, and comparing the reactive power of the grid-connected point with a reactive power reference value to obtain an error signal of reactive power control; and carrying out droop control on the error signal of reactive power control to obtain the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-forming SVG.
Further, the reactive power control loop of the network-structured SVG is represented as:
E=(Q N -Q e )D q +V N
wherein Q is e Representing reactive power, Q, of the point of connection N And V N Respectively a given value of reactive power and a given value of alternating voltage, D q And E represents a reactive-voltage droop coefficient, and is the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG.
Further, the virtual impedance control loop of the networking type SVG is represented as:
Figure BDA0003948047510000031
wherein v is d And v q Representing d-and q-axis voltages, i, respectively, of the virtual impedance control loop output d And i q Respectively representing d-axis current and q-axis current of an SVG grid-connected point, E is the amplitude of a grid-structured SVG virtual internal potential, omega N Representing grid type SVG power ring angular frequency given value, R v And L v The virtual resistor and the virtual inductor are respectively represented and obtained according to design conditions meeting the system stability requirements.
The invention provides a network-forming type SVG control method which is easy to implement and gives consideration to system stability and active support, aims at the defects that SVG follow-up network type control can deteriorate sub/super synchronous oscillation of a wind power grid-connected system, can only passively adapt to the system and cannot provide voltage and frequency support for the system, and guarantees safe and stable operation of the wind power grid-connected system while meeting the requirement that voltage fluctuation of a common grid-connected point of the system is not out of limit. In addition, the SVG network type control method designed by the invention can be expanded and applied to other power electronic reactive power compensation control devices, can promote new energy grid-connected consumption, can solve the problems of inertia and damping reduction, insufficient voltage and frequency support caused by the fact that a high-proportion power electronic device is connected into a power grid, and can assist in the construction and development of a novel power system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control diagram of a network-building type SVG direct-current voltage control and virtual inertia and damping control link in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a SVG main circuit topology;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a networked SVG active loop control employed by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a networked SVG reactive loop control employed by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of virtual impedance control employed by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a networking type SVG main circuit and a control circuit thereof designed by the present invention;
fig. 7 shows grid-following type SVG grid-connected waveforms of grid-following type SVG under different grid inductances, wherein (a) is the grid-following type SVG, and (b) is the grid-constructing type SVG;
fig. 8 is a power waveform of the grid-connected SVG when grid-connected point frequency and voltage amplitude fluctuate.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a main circuit topology of a typical voltage SVG, including a DC-side capacitor C dc A DC-AC conversion circuit including a filter inductor L f Filter capacitor C f And its damping resistance R f The output of the LC filter circuit is connected to a Point of Common Coupling (PCC), v pcc Is the voltage at PCC, v dc Representing the DC bus voltage, P in And P out And respectively injecting active power input by the SVG and active power input by the SVG into a power grid. According to the characteristic of the capacitance energy change of the direct current bus, the following can be obtained:
Figure BDA0003948047510000041
in the formula, G m Is a virtual conductance.
The equation of motion expression for the rotor of a conventional synchronous generator is known:
Figure BDA0003948047510000042
in the formula, J * Representing the moment of inertia, omega, of the synchronous machine * Representing the angular velocity, P, of the rotor of the synchronous machine in * And P out * Respectively representing mechanical power input and electromagnetic power output of the synchronous machine, D p * Representing the damping coefficient of the synchronous machine.
Comparing formula (1) and formula (2), can analogize the charge and discharge process of SVG direct current bus electric capacity and the acceleration and deceleration process of synchronous machine rotor, through direct current side electric capacity C dc The active power balance of the SVG direct current side and the active power balance of the SVG alternating current side are achieved, and the frequency and the phase position of the PCC are tracked. The combined type (1) and the formula (2) can obtain:
Figure BDA0003948047510000043
equation (3) describes the relationship between the SVG dc bus voltage variation and the angular frequency variation. Because the change of the direct current bus voltage reflects the change of the active power of the SVG, a network-forming SVG active control loop expression can be obtained according to the relation (3):
Figure BDA0003948047510000044
in the formula, v dcref Representing a given value of direct-current bus voltage; omega N Representing a given value of angular frequency, which is consistent with the angular frequency of the system at the PCC; θ represents a phase angle of a virtual internal potential of the grid-type SVG, and s represents a laplacian operator.
Based on formula (4), a structure of a networked SVG active control loop can be further obtained as shown in fig. 3, which is implemented by straight-line connectionThe voltage control of the current bus continuously adjusts theta to realize synchronization of grid connection, and frequency support can be provided for the system. In particular, J and D in the figure p For adjustable parameters, representing virtual moment of inertia and damping coefficient, by adjusting J and D p The dynamic and steady-state performance of the SVG active-frequency response can be adjusted. In addition, the network-building SVG active control loop designed by the invention tracks the phase of the power grid while controlling the voltage of the direct current bus, and a phase-locked loop is not needed, so that the adverse effect of the phase-locked loop on the stability of the system can be effectively eliminated.
The reactive power control of the grid-structured SVG adopts a droop control principle, and as shown in the following formula (5), a reactive power-voltage droop coefficient D is designed according to the relation between the reactive power output change of the SVG and the change of the bus voltage amplitude q . The corresponding reactive power control block diagram is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen that the network-type SVG reactive power based on the droop principle can be automatically adjusted according to the voltage change of a system bus, and can provide voltage support for the system.
E=(Q N -Q e )D q +V N (5)
In the formula, Q N And V N Respectively a given value of reactive power and a given value of alternating voltage, Q e The reactive power is obtained by collecting three-phase voltage and current at the PCC and calculating, and E is the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-building type SVG.
Next, a virtual impedance control loop is designed, as shown in the following equation (6), to design a virtual resistor R that meets the system stability requirement v And a virtual inductance L v . The corresponding virtual impedance control loop block diagram is shown in fig. 5, the virtual internal potential amplitude value E generated by the SVG reactive control loop is taken as the voltage given of a d axis under a dq coordinate system, the voltage given of a q axis is set to be 0, and a virtual voltage signal E generated by virtual impedance is superposed on the voltage given of the d axis and the q axis vd And e vq To obtain new d-axis and q-axis voltage components v of the virtual internal potential d And v q
Figure BDA0003948047510000051
Wherein i d And i q And respectively representing d-axis current and q-axis current of the SVG grid-connected point.
Then, the phase angle theta output by the SVG active loop is used for the d-axis and q-axis voltage components v output by the virtual impedance control loop d And v q And performing inverse Park conversion to obtain a PWM voltage modulation signal, and further generating six switching signals through a PWM modulator to control the SVG main circuit.
The structure diagram 6 of the main circuit and the control circuit of the grid-forming SVG is finally obtained, and the process of controlling the main circuit of the grid-forming SVG by using the control circuit is as follows:
s1, collecting direct-current bus voltage v of networking SVG dc And comparing the charging and discharging characteristics of the direct current bus capacitor with the acceleration and deceleration characteristics of the synchronous motor rotor to obtain the relation between the grid type SVG active ring angular frequency and the direct current bus voltage:
Figure BDA0003948047510000061
and further obtaining a phase angle theta of the virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG:
Figure BDA0003948047510000062
s2, collecting voltage and current of a grid-connected point of the grid-connected SVG, and calculating reactive power Q of the grid-connected point e
Q e =1.5(v q i d -v d i q )
Comparing the reactive power of the grid-connected point with a reactive power reference value to obtain an error signal Q of reactive control N -Q e (ii) a Droop control is carried out on the error signal of reactive power control, and the amplitude E of the virtual inner potential of the network type SVG is obtained:
E=(Q N -Q e )D q +V N
s3: taking the amplitude E of the virtual internal potential of the networking type SVG obtained in the step S2 as the voltage of the d axis in the dq coordinate system, giving the q axisThe voltage setting of (2) is set to 0, a virtual impedance meeting the system stability requirement is designed, and a virtual voltage signal generated by the virtual impedance is superposed on the basis of the voltage setting of the d axis and the q axis to obtain a d axis and a q axis voltage component v of a new virtual internal potential d 、v q
S4: based on the phase angle θ of the virtual internal potential obtained in step S1 and the d-axis and q-axis voltage components v of the virtual internal potential obtained in step S3 d 、v q Generating a virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG through inverse Park transformation;
and S5, taking the virtual internal potential obtained in the step S4 as a PWM modulation signal, obtaining a control signal of a networking type SVG switching tube through a PWM modulator, and controlling the networking type SVG main circuit.
In order to further show the implementation effect of the invention, the networking type SVG control method provided by the invention is simulated, and fig. 7 compares the inductance L of the grid-connected point of the SVG g When the grid-following type SVG is increased (the power grid is weakened), the grid-connected voltage and current waveforms of the grid-following type SVG control method and the grid-building type SVG control method have better stability compared with the known grid-following type SVG.
Fig. 8 shows a network-forming SVG power waveform proposed by the present invention when the grid-connection point frequency and the voltage amplitude change. It can be seen that the active power of the grid-forming SVG changes with the frequency change, and the reactive power changes with the voltage change, which is similar to the characteristics of a synchronous machine, and shows that the grid-forming SVG has the active supporting capability for the voltage and the frequency of a grid-connected point similar to the synchronous machine.
The foregoing lists merely illustrate specific embodiments of the invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A networking type SVG control method giving consideration to both stability and active support is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring direct-current bus voltage of the grid-type SVG according to an active control loop of the grid-type SVG, and obtaining a relation between angular frequency of the active loop of the grid-type SVG and the direct-current bus voltage by simulating the charging and discharging characteristics of a direct-current bus capacitor and the acceleration and deceleration characteristics of a synchronous motor rotor so as to further obtain a phase angle of virtual internal potential of the grid-type SVG;
secondly, obtaining the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the grid-forming SVG according to a reactive power control loop of the grid-forming SVG;
step three: according to the virtual impedance control loop, taking the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-forming SVG obtained in the second step as the voltage setting of the d axis under the dq coordinate system, setting the voltage setting of the q axis as 0, and superposing virtual voltage signals generated by virtual impedance on the basis of the voltage setting of the d axis and the q axis to obtain the voltage components of the d axis and the q axis of new virtual internal potential;
step four: generating a virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG through inverse Park transformation based on the phase angle of the virtual internal potential obtained in the first step and the d-axis and q-axis voltage components of the virtual internal potential obtained in the third step;
and step five, taking the virtual internal potential obtained in the step four as a PWM (pulse-Width modulation) signal, obtaining a control signal of a grid-forming SVG switching tube through a PWM (pulse-Width modulation) modulator, and controlling the grid-forming SVG main circuit.
2. The method of claim 1 for controlling both stability and active support in a networked SVG, wherein the active control loop of the networked SVG is represented as:
Figure FDA0003948047500000011
wherein, omega represents the angular frequency of the active ring of the network-forming SVG, C dc DC side capacitance, v, representing the grid-forming SVG dcref Direct-current bus voltage given value v for expressing grid-structured SVG dc Direct current bus voltage, omega, representing grid-forming SVG N Expressing a given value of the angular frequency of the active ring of the grid-forming SVG, wherein the given value is consistent with the angular frequency of a grid-forming point of the grid-forming SVG; g m To dummy conductance, D p Denotes the damping coefficient, JThe virtual moment of inertia is represented, s represents a Laplace operator, and theta represents a phase angle of a potential in the net type SVG virtual.
3. The method for controlling the networked SVG with both stability and active support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for designing the reactive power control loop of the networked SVG is specifically as follows: collecting voltage and current of a grid-connected point of the grid-connected SVG, calculating reactive power of the grid-connected point, and comparing the reactive power of the grid-connected point with a reactive power reference value to obtain an error signal of reactive power control; and carrying out droop control on the error signal of reactive power control to obtain the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG.
4. The method of claim 3 for controlling the networked SVG with both stability and active support, wherein the reactive control loop of the networked SVG is represented as:
E=(Q N -Q e )D q +V N
wherein Q e Representing SVG grid connection point reactive power, Q N And V N Respectively a given value of reactive power and a given value of alternating voltage, D q And E is the amplitude of the virtual internal potential of the network-type SVG.
5. The method for controlling the networked SVG with both stability and active support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the virtual impedance control loop of the networked SVG is represented as:
Figure FDA0003948047500000021
wherein v is d And v q Representing d-and q-axis voltages, i, respectively, of the virtual impedance control loop output d And i q Respectively representing d-axis current and q-axis current of an SVG grid-connected point, E is the amplitude of a grid-structured SVG virtual internal potential, omega N Representing the set value of angular frequency R of active ring of grid-forming SVG v And L v The virtual resistor and the virtual inductor are respectively represented and obtained according to design conditions meeting the system stability requirements.
CN202211440555.9A 2022-11-17 2022-11-17 Networking type SVG control method taking stability and active support into consideration Pending CN115764912A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116599096A (en) * 2023-05-12 2023-08-15 阳光电源(南京)有限公司 Net-structured energy storage system and control method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116599096A (en) * 2023-05-12 2023-08-15 阳光电源(南京)有限公司 Net-structured energy storage system and control method thereof

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