CN115758935A - Wind power plant wake flow evaluation method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Wind power plant wake flow evaluation method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for estimating wake flow of a wind power plant, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing a physical model and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid; performing CFD solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid; determining an actuation disc parameter from the first calculation; according to the boundary conditions, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result; and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point in the second calculation result until the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value, stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and a preset downstream range. According to the invention, the orientation of the actuating disc is corrected according to the wind direction of the machine position, the influence of complex terrain and the wake flow of the upstream fan on the downstream fan can be more truly considered, and the accuracy and the effectiveness of the assessment of the wake flow of the wind power plant are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind resource assessment, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for assessing wind power plant wake flow.
Background
The wind power plant wake flow evaluation is a key component of wind resource evaluation, and particularly has important influence on the type selection and arrangement of the fans and the investment benefit of the whole wind power plant. At present, the commonly used wake flow assessment means can be mainly divided into two categories: linear engineering wake models and nonlinear Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models. The engineering wake flow model has high solving speed due to simple calculation, but the calculation result depends on empirical parameters to a great extent, so that the calculation precision and the adaptability to terrains are poor, particularly complex mountain terrains. In recent years, the CFD method based on the actuator disk has been widely used in wind farm wake estimation because of its high calculation accuracy, good restoration degree of physical phenomenon, and consideration of calculation resources.
To achieve actuator disk based CFD calculations, it is necessary to configure the actuator disk source terms according to the fan parameters and determine the source term addition areas. In conventional actuator disk-based CFD calculations, the actuator disk orientation is directly specified in terms of sector direction, and under flat terrain, the wind direction at each machine location substantially coincides with the sector direction, and thus this approach has applicability to flat terrain. However, in complex terrain, the wind direction at the machine location is often deflected by the terrain while the wind turbine remains on the wind due to the yaw strategy. At this time, if the direction of the actuating disk is specified according to the direction of the sector, errors exist in the magnitude and direction of the calculated acting force, the influence of the wake flow cannot be fully considered, and therefore the accuracy and effectiveness of the wind power plant wake flow evaluation are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a wind power plant wake flow assessment method, a wind power plant wake flow assessment device, wind power plant wake flow assessment equipment and a storage medium, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, wind power plant wake flow assessment is inaccurate under the condition of complex terrain.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a wind power plant wake flow assessment method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring an actually measured topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid;
obtaining boundary conditions, performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid;
determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field;
extracting a second machine position wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine position information;
and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and stopping correcting and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value.
Optionally, the obtaining the boundary condition includes:
calculating to obtain the boundary condition according to the roughness, the thermal stability and the reference wind speed;
the roughness is obtained according to the roughness map data;
the inlet boundary condition in the boundary conditions is obtained by solving a wind profile equation according to a Monin-Obukhov similarity theory.
Optionally, the determining, according to the first calculation result, an actuation disk parameter, and performing topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh includes:
extracting a first machine position point wind direction from the first calculation result according to the machine position point information, and determining the orientation of the actuating disc according to the first machine position point wind direction;
performing topological mapping on the fine mesh according to the size of the fan to determine a configuration area of a source item;
and determining configuration parameters of a source item according to the model curve, the fan size and the first machine location wind direction.
Optionally, the performing an actuator-disk-based CFD solution on the fine mesh to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field includes:
performing CFD solution based on an actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result;
according to the parameters of the actuating disc, CFD solution based on the actuating disc is carried out on the fine mesh to calculate an actuating disc source item so as to obtain the second flow field;
wherein the formula for calculating the actuation disc source term is:
wherein S is u Denotes the actuator disc source term, ρ denotes the air density, Δ x denotes the actuator disc thickness, u 1 Representing the incoming wind speed, C x The induction coefficient is shown, and a is an induction factor. Wherein the induction factor a is represented as:
wherein C is P Denotes the power coefficient, C T Representing the thrust coefficient.
Optionally, the continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and when a difference between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold, stopping correction and obtaining wake parameters of each machine position point and wake parameters in a preset downstream range includes:
if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position is larger than the preset threshold value, taking the wind direction of the second machine position as the orientation of the actuating disc, and executing the steps of carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
and if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than the preset threshold value, executing the step of stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range.
Optionally, the obtaining an actually measured topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system, and machine location information, constructing a physical model of a target topography, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid includes:
processing the actually measured topographic map according to the projection system and the satellite map to obtain the physical model;
obtaining the coarse grid by using the physical model and a grid tool;
and refining the whole grid on the basis of the coarse grid, and carrying out local encryption on the machine location point according to the machine location point information and the grid tool to obtain the fine grid.
Optionally, the first flow field serving as an initial flow field of the fine mesh includes:
and mapping the first flow field to the fine grid by adopting a three-dimensional interpolation method so as to enable the first flow field to be used as an initial flow field of the fine grid.
The invention also provides a wind power plant wake flow evaluation device, which comprises:
the acquisition and construction module is used for acquiring an actual measurement topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position point information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid;
the acquisition and solving module is used for acquiring boundary conditions, performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid;
the determining module is used for determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
the solving module is used for carrying out CFD solving on the fine grid based on the actuating disc according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the actuating disc parameters to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field;
the extraction module is used for extracting a second machine position wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine position information;
and the correcting module is used for continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value, stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range.
The invention also provides a wind power plant wake flow evaluation device, which comprises:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the wind farm wake estimation method described above when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides a storage medium in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the wind farm wake estimation method described above.
Therefore, the method comprises the steps of obtaining an actually measured topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid; acquiring boundary conditions, performing CFD solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid; determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh; according to the boundary conditions, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field; extracting a second machine position wind direction from a second calculation result according to the machine position information; and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and stopping correcting and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value. According to the method, the orientation of the actuating disc is corrected according to the wind direction of the machine position, the influence of complex terrain and wake of an upstream fan on a downstream fan can be more truly considered, the accuracy and the effectiveness of wind power plant wake evaluation are improved, the problems of poor adaptability to the complex terrain and low calculation efficiency in the wind power plant wake evaluation are solved, the fine evaluation of the wind power plant wake is effectively realized, a basis is provided for the power generation evaluation and the turbulence evaluation of the wind power plant, and the improvement of the reliability of wind resource evaluation is facilitated.
In addition, the invention also provides a wind power plant wake flow evaluation device, equipment and a storage medium, and the wind power plant wake flow evaluation device, equipment and storage medium also have the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a wind farm wake estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating wake flow of a wind farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a velocity profile of a wake sector of a machine point P2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind farm wake flow evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind farm wake flow evaluation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a wind farm wake estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method can comprise the following steps:
s101: and acquiring an actual measurement topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position point information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid.
The execution subject of this embodiment is a terminal. The present embodiment is not limited to the kind of terminal, and may be a general-purpose terminal or a dedicated terminal as long as the operation of the method for estimating the wake flow of the wind field in the present embodiment can be completed. And constructing a physical model according to the actually measured topographic map, the projection system, the satellite map and the machine site information, and generating two sets of grids including a coarse grid and a fine grid by using the physical model.
Further, for the accuracy of fine mesh partitioning, the obtaining of the actually measured topographic map, the satellite map, the projection system, and the machine location point information, the building of the physical model of the target topography, and the generating of the coarse mesh and the fine mesh may include the following steps:
and step 61, processing the actually measured topographic map according to the projection system and the satellite map to obtain a physical model.
Step 62, a coarse mesh is obtained using the physical model and the mesh tool.
And 63, refining the whole grid on the basis of the coarse grid, and partially encrypting the machine location points according to the machine location point information and the grid tool to obtain a fine grid.
Processing the acquired actual measurement topographic map according to the acquired projection system and the satellite map to obtain a physical model, generating a coarse grid for the physical model by adopting a grid tool, refining the whole grid on the basis of the generated coarse grid, and partially encrypting near the machine site by utilizing the grid tool according to the machine site information to obtain a fine grid.
S102: and acquiring boundary conditions, performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid.
According to the obtained boundary conditions, the CFD solution is carried out on the coarse grid, the calculation result at the position of the machine is extracted to serve as a first calculation result, the terrain flow field under the condition without a fan is obtained to serve as a first flow field, and the first flow field (the terrain flow field under the condition without the fan) is used as an initial flow field of the fine grid.
Further, in order to improve the accuracy of the calculation result, the obtaining of the boundary condition may include the following steps, specifically:
step 21: and calculating to obtain boundary conditions according to the roughness, the thermal stability and the reference wind speed.
Step 22: the roughness is obtained from roughness map data.
Step 23: the inlet boundary condition in the boundary conditions is obtained by solving a wind profile equation according to a Monin-Obukhov similarity theory.
The number and content of the boundary conditions are not limited in this embodiment. For example, the boundary conditions may include wall boundary conditions; or may also include symmetric boundary conditions; or may also include entry boundary conditions, which may be any of the above conditions or any combination of the above conditions. The boundary condition is calculated according to the roughness, the thermal stability, the reference wind speed and other information, wherein the roughness is obtained according to the roughness map data.
The boundary conditions in this embodiment may include an entrance boundary condition, the embodiment does not limit the obtaining manner of the entrance boundary, the entrance boundary condition in this embodiment is obtained by solving a wind profile equation according to a monan-obkhov similarity theory (the monan-obkhov similarity theory describes dimensionless average flow and average temperature in a surface layer under a non-neutral condition as a function of a dimensionless height parameter), and the calculation formula is:
wherein U (z) represents the velocity distribution with height, z represents the height from the earth's surface, U * Representing the frictional wind speed, kappa representing von Karman constant, z 0 Roughness is indicated and L indicates obuff length.
S103: and determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh.
And respectively carrying out topology mapping and resource configuration on the fine mesh by taking the first calculation result (the calculation result of the machine position point under the condition without the fan) as an actuation disc parameter.
Further, the step of accurately performing topology mapping and source item configuration on the mesh, determining the actuation disc parameters according to the first calculation result, and performing topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh may include the steps of:
and step 31, extracting the wind direction of the first machine position point from the first calculation result according to the machine position point information, and determining the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the first machine position point.
And 32, performing topological mapping on the fine mesh according to the size of the fan to determine the configuration area of the source item.
And step 33, determining configuration parameters of the source items according to the model curve, the fan size and the first machine position wind direction.
The physical parameters of the machine position are extracted from the first flow field (terrain flow field under the condition of no fan) according to the machine position information, the physical parameters can comprise wind direction and also comprise wind speed, namely the wind direction extracted from the first calculation result (calculation result of the machine position under the condition of no fan) is directed to the first machine position, and the first machine position wind direction is positioned to the direction of the actuating disc, namely the initial direction of the actuating disc. When the fine mesh is subjected to topological mapping, the configuration area of the source item can be determined according to the size of the fan; and determining configuration parameters of the source items according to the model curve, the fan size and the wind direction of the first machine location point, and performing corresponding configuration.
S104: and according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field.
And performing CFD calculation based on the actuating disc on the fine mesh according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc to obtain a second calculation result (calculation result of the engine locus under the condition of the wind and the terrain flow field under the condition of the wind and the wind).
Further, in order to improve the computation efficiency of the actuation disc source item, the above CFD solution based on the actuation disc for the fine mesh to obtain the second computation result and the second flow field may include the following steps:
carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result;
according to the parameters of the actuating disc, CFD solution based on the actuating disc is carried out on the fine mesh to calculate an actuating disc source item so as to obtain a second flow field;
wherein, the formula for calculating the source term of the actuating disc is as follows:
wherein S is u Denotes the actuator disc source term, ρ denotes the air density, Δ x denotes the actuator disc thickness, u 1 Representing the incoming wind speed, C x The induction coefficient is shown, and a is an induction factor. Wherein the induction factor a is represented as:
wherein C is P Denotes the power coefficient, C T Representing the thrust coefficient.
The model curve comprises a power curve and a thrust curve, the power coefficient and the thrust coefficient are obtained from the model curve to obtain an induction factor, and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution calculation based on an actuating disc is carried out on the fine grid according to parameters of the actuating disc to obtain an actuating disc source term, so that a second flow field (a terrain flow field under the condition of wind and the engine) is obtained.
S105: and extracting a second machine position wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine position information.
The physical parameter obtained from the second calculation result (calculation result in a windy condition) according to the machine location information may include a wind direction or may also include a wind speed. And determining the wind direction as the wind direction of the second machine position point.
S106: and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and stopping correcting and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value.
And continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point until the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value, finishing correction, and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range. The embodiment does not limit the preset threshold value and the preset downstream range, and the user sets the threshold value and the preset downstream range according to the actual situation.
Further, in order to ensure the accuracy of the correction result, the direction of the actuation disc is continuously corrected according to the wind direction of the second machine position, and when the difference between the direction of the actuation disc and the wind direction of the second machine position is smaller than the preset threshold, the correction is stopped, and the wake flow parameters of each machine position and the wake flow parameters in the preset downstream range are obtained, the method may include the following steps:
step 51: and if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is larger than a preset threshold value, taking the wind direction of the second machine position point as the orientation of the actuating disc, and executing the steps of carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh.
Step 52: and if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value, stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range.
When the difference value between the wind direction of the second machine position and the orientation of the actuating disc is larger than the preset threshold value, taking the wind direction of the second machine position as the orientation of the actuating disc, covering the orientation value of the last actuating disc, and continuously performing topological mapping, source item configuration and subsequent steps on the fine mesh in the S103; when the difference between the second machine location and the direction of the actuating disc is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, stopping correction, and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine location and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range for subsequent comprehensive calculation, the embodiment does not limit subsequent actions, and may be used for calculation of power generation amount, for example; or may also be for turbulence calculation.
Further, based on any of the above embodiments, for the accuracy of the initial flow field and the subsequent convergence of the calculation based on the actuation disc CFD, wherein the first flow field is used as the initial flow field of the fine grid, the method may include:
and mapping the first flow field to the fine grid by adopting a three-dimensional interpolation method so that the first flow field is used as an initial flow field of the fine grid.
The present embodiment does not limit the method of using the first flow field as the initial flow field of the fine mesh, and for example, a mesh point interpolation method may be adopted; or a linear interpolation method, namely three-dimensional interpolation, can also be adopted; or a closest point approach may also be employed. The embodiment may use a mapping method of three-dimensional interpolation to map the first flow field to the grid, so as to obtain a better initial flow field.
By applying the wind power plant wake flow evaluation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, an actual measurement topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position point information are obtained, a physical model of a target terrain is constructed, and a coarse grid and a fine grid are generated; acquiring boundary conditions, performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid; determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh; according to the boundary conditions, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field; extracting a second machine position wind direction from a second calculation result according to the machine position information; and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value, stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range. According to the method, the orientation of the actuating disc is corrected according to the wind direction of the machine position, the influence of complex terrain and wake flow of an upstream fan on a downstream fan can be more truly considered, the accuracy and the effectiveness of the wake flow evaluation of the wind power plant are improved, the problems of poor adaptability to the complex terrain and low calculation efficiency in the wake flow evaluation of the wind power plant are solved, the fine evaluation of the wake flow of the wind power plant is effectively realized, a basis is provided for the power generation evaluation and turbulence evaluation of the wind power plant, and the reliability of the wind resource evaluation is favorably improved. Moreover, a three-dimensional interpolation method is adopted to map the first flow field to a fine grid, so that a better initial flow field is obtained, and the CFD calculation convergence based on the actuating disc is accelerated; when the wind direction of the second machine position point and the orientation of the actuating disc are greater than the preset threshold value, the wind direction of the second machine position point is set as the orientation of the current actuating disc, and the step S103 is executed to continuously correct the orientation of the actuating disc, so that the correction accuracy of the orientation of the actuating disc is ensured; in addition, the driving disk source items are calculated by adopting fewer parameters, so that the calculation efficiency is improved; in addition, the orientation of the actuating disc, the configuration area of the source item and the configuration parameters of the source item are accurately determined according to the size of the fan, the model curve and the wind direction of the first machine point; moreover, the boundary condition of the entrance is obtained by utilizing the wind profile equation, so that the accuracy and the efficiency of calculating the boundary condition are improved; and the fine grids are obtained by using the coarse grids, the grid tools and the machine position information, so that the fine grids are accurately divided.
In order to make the present invention more easily understood, please refer to fig. 2 specifically, and fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating wake flow of a wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which may specifically include: processing the actually measured topographic map according to the projection system and the satellite map to obtain a physical model, generating a coarse grid by using a grid tool, and locally encrypting the machine position by using the grid tool and the machine position information to generate a fine grid; and performing CFD-based calculation and solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and performing flow field mapping of a three-dimensional interpolation method on the first flow field to obtain an initial flow field of the fine grid. According to the machine position information, post-processing is carried out on a first calculation result obtained by CFD calculation and a first flow field, the wind direction of a first machine position is obtained and serves as the initial direction of an actuating disc, and the area of source item configuration is determined by combining the size of a fan and utilizing topological mapping; and determining configuration parameters of the source items by combining the model curve, the fan size and the wind direction of the first machine site so as to complete the configuration of the source items.
Solving the fine grid by using an actuator disk-based CFD according to the determined initial flow field, configuration parameters of source items and boundary conditions to obtain the wind direction of a second machine position point, judging whether the wind direction of the second machine position point is consistent with the orientation of the actuator disk (whether the difference value is within a preset threshold interval), and if so, acquiring wake flow parameters of each machine position point and within a preset downstream range, wherein the wake flow parameters comprise wind speed, wind direction, pressure and the like; if not, determining the area of the source item configuration by using topological mapping in combination with the size of the fan and subsequent steps are continuously executed until the wind direction of the second machine position point is consistent with the direction of the actuating disc (the difference value is within a preset threshold interval), and acquiring wake flow parameters of each machine position point and a preset downstream range.
The tests were carried out using the present example and the conventional method, respectively, and the comparison results were as follows:
taking the terrain of a certain actual wind power plant in south China as a research object, and respectively adopting a traditional method and the correction method to obtain wake flow calculation results; the traditional method directly uses the direction of the sector as the direction of the actuating disc of each machine position, and adopts the same set of fine grids as the embodiment.
Taking a 0 ° sector as an example, table 1 shows the calculation results obtained by the conventional method and the method of the present embodiment at the machine location point P2; fig. 3 is a velocity profile of the wake sector of machine point P2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. From table 1 and fig. 3, it can be known that the wind direction at the machine location is significantly different from the sector direction due to the influence of the complex terrain, and the wind direction difference can reach 15 °. At this time, the traditional method causes deviation between the orientation of the actuating disk and the actual wind direction, and the correction method can effectively keep the orientation of the actuating disk consistent with the actual wind direction (under the normal condition, the orientation of the actuating disk is the windward direction); the orientation of the actuating disc can cause the difference between the wind speed and the wind direction at the machine position (the wind speed difference can reach 6 percent, and the wind direction difference is about 1.35 degrees), which can directly influence the calculation of the power generation amount of the machine position and can cause the error of about 10 percent of power generation amount evaluation; at the same time, the velocity profile downstream of the machine station is also influenced, the actuation disc being tilted towards the deflection resulting in a force direction which underestimates the wake losses. It is worth noting that the direction of the actuating disc can be substantially consistent with the actual wind direction only after two corrections are performed by the correction method of the embodiment, the calculation efficiency is improved by about 9%, and experiments show that calculation convergence can be effectively accelerated by the flow field mapping method. Therefore, the correction method of the invention has obvious advantages in both the accuracy of the result and the calculation efficiency.
TABLE 1
The wind farm wake flow evaluation device provided by the embodiment of the invention is introduced below, and the wind farm wake flow evaluation device described below and the wind farm wake flow evaluation method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 4 specifically, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind farm wake flow evaluation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which may include:
the acquisition and construction module 100 is used for acquiring an actually measured topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position point information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid;
the obtaining and solving module 200 is configured to obtain a boundary condition, perform CFD solution on the coarse mesh to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and use the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine mesh;
a determining module 300, configured to determine an actuation disc parameter according to the first calculation result, and perform topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
the solving module 400 is used for performing CFD solving on the fine grid based on the actuating disc according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the actuating disc parameters to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field;
an extracting module 500, configured to extract a second machine location wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine location information;
and the correcting module 600 is configured to continuously correct the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine location point, and when a difference between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine location point is smaller than a preset threshold, stop correcting and obtain wake parameters of each machine location point and wake parameters in a preset downstream range.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the obtaining and solving module 200 may include:
the first calculation unit is used for calculating to obtain boundary conditions according to the roughness, the thermal stability and the reference wind speed;
a first obtaining unit for obtaining the roughness according to the roughness map data;
the first solving unit is used for solving the wind profile equation according to the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to obtain the inlet boundary condition in the boundary condition.
Further, based on the above embodiment, wherein the determining module 300 may include:
the first determining unit is used for extracting the wind direction of the first machine position point from the first calculation result according to the machine position point information and determining the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the first machine position point;
the second determining unit is used for carrying out topological mapping on the fine mesh according to the size of the fan to determine the configuration area of the source item;
and the third determining unit is used for determining configuration parameters of the source item according to the model curve, the fan size and the wind direction of the first machine location point.
Further, based on the above embodiment, wherein the solving module 400 may include:
the solving module is used for carrying out CFD solving on the fine grid based on the actuating disc to obtain a second calculation result;
the actuating disc source item calculating module is used for calculating actuating disc source items by CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid according to the actuating disc parameters so as to obtain the second flow field;
wherein, the formula for calculating the source term of the actuating disc is as follows:
wherein S is u Denotes the actuator disc source term, ρ denotes the air density, Δ x denotes the actuator disc thickness, u 1 Representing the incoming wind speed, C x The induction coefficient is shown, and a is an induction factor. Wherein the induction factor a is represented as:
wherein C is P Denotes the power coefficient, C T The thrust coefficient is expressed.
Further, based on the above embodiment, wherein the modification module 600 may include:
the first execution unit is used for taking the wind direction of the second machine position point as the orientation of the actuating disc and executing the steps of carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is larger than a preset threshold value;
and the second execution unit is used for stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the obtaining and constructing module 100 may include:
the physical model establishing unit is used for processing the actually measured topographic map according to the projection system and the satellite map to obtain a physical model;
the coarse grid determining unit is used for obtaining a coarse grid by utilizing the physical model and a grid tool;
and the fine grid determining unit is used for refining the whole grid on the basis of the coarse grid and carrying out local encryption on the machine location point according to the machine location point information and the grid tool to obtain the fine grid.
Further, based on any one of the above embodiments, wherein the obtaining and solving module 200 may include:
and the mapping unit is used for mapping the first flow field to the fine grid by adopting a three-dimensional interpolation method so as to enable the first flow field to be used as an initial flow field of the fine grid.
It should be noted that, the modules and units in the wind farm wake flow evaluation device may be changed in sequence without affecting logic.
The wind power plant wake flow evaluation device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for acquiring an actually measured topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position point information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid through the acquisition and construction module 100; the obtaining and solving module 200 is configured to obtain a boundary condition, perform CFD solution on the coarse mesh to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and use the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine mesh; a determining module 300, configured to determine an actuation disc parameter according to the first calculation result, and perform topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh; the solving module 400 is used for performing CFD solving on the fine grid based on the actuating disc according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the actuating disc parameters to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field; an extracting module 500, configured to extract a second machine location wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine location information; and the correcting module 600 is configured to continuously correct the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine location point, and when a difference between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine location point is smaller than a preset threshold, stop correcting and obtain wake parameters of each machine location point and wake parameters in a preset downstream range. The device corrects the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the machine position, can truly consider the influence of complex terrain and wake of an upstream fan on a downstream fan, improves the accuracy and effectiveness of wind power plant wake evaluation, overcomes the problems of poor adaptability and low calculation efficiency of the complex terrain in the wind power plant wake evaluation, effectively realizes the fine evaluation of the wind power plant wake, provides a basis for the evaluation of the generated energy and the evaluation of turbulence of the wind power plant, and is favorable for improving the reliability of wind resource evaluation. Moreover, a three-dimensional interpolation method is adopted to map the first flow field to a fine grid, so that a better initial flow field is obtained, and the calculation convergence based on the actuating disc CFD is accelerated; when the wind direction of the second machine position point and the orientation of the actuating disc are greater than the preset threshold value, the wind direction of the second machine position point is set as the orientation of the current actuating disc, and the step S103 is executed to continuously correct the orientation of the actuating disc, so that the correction accuracy of the orientation of the actuating disc is ensured; in addition, the actuating disc source items are calculated by adopting fewer parameters, so that the calculation efficiency is improved; in addition, the orientation of the actuating disc, the configuration area of the source item and the configuration parameters of the source item are accurately determined according to the size of the fan, the model curve and the wind direction of the first machine point; moreover, the wind profile equation is used for obtaining the boundary condition of the entrance, so that the accuracy and the efficiency of calculating the boundary condition are improved; and the fine grids are obtained by using the coarse grids, the grid tools and the machine position point information, so that the fine grids are accurately divided.
The wind farm wake flow evaluation device provided by the embodiment of the invention is introduced below, and the wind farm wake flow evaluation device described below and the wind farm wake flow evaluation method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind farm wake flow evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the structural diagram may include:
a memory 10 for storing a computer program;
a processor 20 for executing a computer program for implementing the wind farm wake estimation method described above.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the memory 10 is used for storing one or more programs, the program may include program codes, the program codes include computer operation instructions, and in the embodiment of the present application, the memory 10 may store a program for implementing the following functions:
acquiring an actually measured topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid;
acquiring boundary conditions, performing CFD solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid;
determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
according to the boundary conditions, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field;
extracting a second machine position wind direction from a second calculation result according to the machine position information;
and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and stopping correcting and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value.
In one possible implementation, the memory 10 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created during use.
In addition, memory 10 may include both read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. The portion of memory may also include NVRAM. The memory stores an operating system and operating instructions, executable modules or data structures, or subsets thereof, or expanded sets thereof, wherein the operating instructions may include various operating instructions for performing various operations. The operating system may include various system programs for performing various basic tasks and for handling hardware-based tasks.
The processor 20 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, and the processor 20 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 20 may call a program stored in the memory 10.
The communication interface 31 may be an interface of a communication module for connecting with other devices or systems.
Of course, it should be noted that the structure shown in fig. 5 does not constitute a limitation of the wind farm wake flow evaluation device in the embodiment of the present application, and the wind farm wake flow evaluation device may include more or less components than those shown in fig. 5, or some components in combination in practical applications.
In the following, the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is introduced, and the storage medium described below and the wind farm wake estimation method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
The invention further provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the wind farm wake estimation method described above.
The storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relationships such as first and second, etc., are intended only to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The wind farm wake flow evaluation method, device, equipment and storage medium provided by the invention are described in detail, a specific example is applied in the text to explain the principle and the implementation of the invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wind power plant wake flow assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an actual measurement topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid;
acquiring a boundary condition, performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid;
determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the parameters of the actuating disc, carrying out CFD solution based on the actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field;
extracting a second machine position wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine position information;
and continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and stopping correcting and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value.
2. The wind farm wake flow assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that said obtaining boundary conditions comprises:
calculating to obtain the boundary condition according to the roughness, the thermal stability and the reference wind speed;
the roughness is obtained according to the roughness map data;
the inlet boundary condition in the boundary conditions is obtained by solving a wind profile equation according to a Monin-Obukhov similarity theory.
3. The wind farm wake estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the actuation disk parameters according to the first calculation result, the topology mapping and the source item configuration of the fine mesh comprise:
extracting a first machine position point wind direction from the first calculation result according to the machine position point information, and determining the orientation of the actuating disc according to the first machine position point wind direction;
performing topological mapping on the fine mesh according to the size of the fan to determine a configuration area of a source item;
and determining configuration parameters of a source item according to the model curve, the fan size and the first machine location wind direction.
4. A wind farm wake estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that said performing an actuator disk based CFD solution on said fine mesh resulting in a second calculation and a second flow field comprises:
performing CFD solution based on an actuating disc on the fine grid to obtain a second calculation result;
according to the parameters of the actuating disc, CFD solution based on the actuating disc is carried out on the fine mesh to calculate an actuating disc source item so as to obtain the second flow field;
wherein the formula for calculating the actuation disc source term is:
wherein S is u Denotes the actuator disc source term, ρ denotes the air density, Δ x denotes the actuator disc thickness, u 1 Representing the incoming wind speed, C x The induction coefficient is shown, and a is an induction factor. Wherein the induction factor a is represented as:
wherein C is P Denotes the power coefficient, C T Representing the thrust coefficient.
5. The wind farm wake flow assessment method according to claim 1, wherein said continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position, and when the difference between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position is smaller than a preset threshold, stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position and wake flow parameters within a preset downstream range comprises:
if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position is larger than the preset threshold value, taking the wind direction of the second machine position as the orientation of the actuating disc, and executing the steps of carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
and if the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than the preset threshold value, executing the step of stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range.
6. The wind farm wake flow assessment method according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining measured terrain map, satellite map, projection system and machine location point information, and constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid comprises:
processing the actually measured topographic map according to the projection system and the satellite map to obtain the physical model;
obtaining the coarse grid by using the physical model and a grid tool;
and refining the whole grid on the basis of the coarse grid, and carrying out local encryption on the machine location point according to the machine location point information and the grid tool to obtain the fine grid.
7. A wind farm wake estimation method according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that the first flow field, as an initial flow field of the fine grid, comprises:
and mapping the first flow field to the fine grid by adopting a three-dimensional interpolation method so as to enable the first flow field to be used as an initial flow field of the fine grid.
8. A wind farm wake flow assessment device, comprising:
the acquisition and construction module is used for acquiring an actual measurement topographic map, a satellite map, a projection system and machine position point information, constructing a physical model of a target terrain, and generating a coarse grid and a fine grid;
the acquisition and solving module is used for acquiring boundary conditions, performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) solution on the coarse grid to obtain a first calculation result and a first flow field, and taking the first flow field as an initial flow field of the fine grid;
the determining module is used for determining parameters of an actuating disc according to the first calculation result, and carrying out topology mapping and source item configuration on the fine mesh;
the solving module is used for carrying out CFD solving on the fine grid based on the actuating disc according to the boundary condition, the initial flow field and the actuating disc parameters to obtain a second calculation result and a second flow field;
the extraction module is used for extracting a second machine position wind direction from the second calculation result according to the machine position information;
and the correcting module is used for continuously correcting the orientation of the actuating disc according to the wind direction of the second machine position point, and when the difference value between the orientation of the actuating disc and the wind direction of the second machine position point is smaller than a preset threshold value, stopping correction and obtaining wake flow parameters of each machine position point and wake flow parameters in a preset downstream range.
9. A wind farm wake flow assessment device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the wind farm wake estimation method according to any of the claims 1 to 7 when executing said computer program.
10. Storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a wind farm wake estimation method according to any of the claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116127877A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-05-16 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | Acceleration method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium for multiple grids |
| CN117852448A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Large-scale wind power plant flow field calculation method and device based on regional decomposition |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116127877A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-05-16 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | Acceleration method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium for multiple grids |
| CN116127877B (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-09-22 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | Acceleration method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium for multiple grids |
| CN117852448A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Large-scale wind power plant flow field calculation method and device based on regional decomposition |
| CN117852448B (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-05-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Large-scale wind power plant flow field calculation method and device based on regional decomposition |
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