CN115753306A - High-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive and using method thereof - Google Patents
High-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115753306A CN115753306A CN202211468449.1A CN202211468449A CN115753306A CN 115753306 A CN115753306 A CN 115753306A CN 202211468449 A CN202211468449 A CN 202211468449A CN 115753306 A CN115753306 A CN 115753306A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosive agent for a high-nitrogen stainless steel quenched structure and a using method thereof, and relates to the corrosive agent for the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenched structure and the using method thereof. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing nitrol corrosive has an unsatisfactory effect on corroding a high-nitrogen stainless steel microstructure. The corrosive agent consists of potassium permanganate and dilute sulfuric acid solution; the use method of the corrosive agent comprises the following steps: manufacturing a sample; etching by adopting a corrosive agent; and analyzing the metallographic specimen after cleaning. The invention utilizes the corrosive agent of the quenching structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel to realize the high-efficiency and accurate analysis and evaluation of the quenching structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel so as to further evaluate the effectiveness of the quenching process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of analysis and test, and particularly relates to a high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive agent and a using method thereof.
Background
The quenching heat treatment process is usually to obtain a martensite structure so as to meet the requirement of the material on hardness, the high-nitrogen stainless steel has better corrosion resistance, and metallographic observation and analysis of the quenched metallographic structure are usually required for evaluating the quality of the quenching process of the high-temperature stainless steel.
The nitric acid alcohol is the most commonly used corrosive at present, but the corrosive effect on the microstructure (martensite, carbide, grain size and the like) of the high-nitrogen stainless steel is not ideal, the high-efficiency accurate corrosion on the quenching structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel is difficult to realize, and the evaluation on the heat treatment process parameters is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a corrosive agent for a quenching structure of high-nitrogen stainless steel and a using method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the existing nitric acid alcohol corrosive agent has an unsatisfactory corrosion effect on the microstructure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel.
The invention relates to a high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive agent which consists of potassium permanganate and dilute sulfuric acid solution; the volume fraction of the dilute sulfuric acid solution is 2-6%; the volume ratio of the mass of the potassium permanganate to the dilute sulfuric acid solution is (0.5-2) g:100mL.
The using method of the corrosive agent for the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenched structure is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
1. preparing a sample by linear cutting: setting the size of a sample according to the requirement of subsequent grinding and polishing sample preparation, and performing linear cutting on the sample to be detected by using linear cutting equipment to obtain a cut sample;
2. grinding, polishing, cleaning and blow-drying the cut sample to obtain a mirror surface sample;
3. soaking and corroding the mirror surface sample by using a corrosive agent of a high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure, washing by using flowing water after the corrosion is finished, removing the residual corrosive agent, treating by using oxalic acid, and finally washing by using flowing water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence and drying by blowing to obtain a metallographic sample;
4. and observing and analyzing the metallographic specimen by using a metallographic microscope to obtain the microstructure appearance of the quenched high-nitrogen stainless steel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the invention utilizes the corrosive agent of the quenching structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel to realize the high-efficiency and accurate analysis and evaluation of the quenching structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel so as to further evaluate the effectiveness of the quenching process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a grain size morphology map of the treated high nitrogen stainless steel of the example.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive of the embodiment consists of potassium permanganate and dilute sulfuric acid solution; the volume fraction of the dilute sulfuric acid solution is 2-6%; the volume ratio of the mass of the potassium permanganate to the dilute sulfuric acid solution is (0.5-2) g:100mL.
The second embodiment is as follows: the application method of the corrosive for the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenched structure comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a sample by linear cutting: setting the size of a sample according to the subsequent grinding and polishing sample preparation requirements, and performing linear cutting on the sample to be detected by using linear cutting equipment to obtain a cut sample;
2. grinding, polishing, cleaning and blow-drying the cut sample to obtain a mirror surface sample;
3. soaking and corroding the mirror surface sample by using a corrosive agent of a high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure, washing by using flowing water after the corrosion is finished, removing the residual corrosive agent, treating by using oxalic acid, and finally washing by using flowing water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence and drying by blowing to obtain a metallographic sample;
4. and observing and analyzing the metallographic specimen by using a metallographic microscope to obtain the microstructure appearance of the quenched high-nitrogen stainless steel.
The third concrete implementation mode: the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: and step two, grinding and polishing are performed by adopting a pre-grinding machine or a full-automatic grinding and polishing machine. The rest is the same as the second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the third difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: and the pre-grinding machine is used for grinding and polishing the cut test sample by using 240# sand paper, 400# sand paper, 800# sand paper, 1000# sand paper, 1500# sand paper and a diamond polishing agent with the particle size less than or equal to 3 mu m in sequence. The rest is the same as the third embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the full-automatic grinding and polishing machine is adopted to perform sample inlaying treatment according to the aperture of the automatic grinding and polishing disk, and then sample preparation is performed through a grinding and polishing machine program, so that the size of the final suspension is ensured to be less than or equal to 3 mu m. The rest is the same as the second embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode is as follows: the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: and the soaking corrosion time in the second step is 0.5-2 h. The rest is the same as the second embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: and step two, the soaking corrosion is to put the mirror surface sample into a beaker filled with the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive agent and heat the mirror surface sample along with the beaker in a water bath. The rest is the same as the second embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: and step two, soaking and corroding, namely heating a beaker filled with the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive agent in a water bath, then putting the mirror surface sample into the beaker, and timing when the temperature is reached. The rest is the same as the second embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: seventh or eighth differences from the embodiments are: the temperature of the water bath heating is 55-70 ℃. The rest is the same as the seventh or eighth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is ten: the second difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the microstructure morphology includes martensite, carbide and grain size. The rest is the same as the second embodiment.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows: the application method of the corrosive agent for the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenched structure is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
1. preparing a sample by linear cutting: setting the size of a sample according to the subsequent grinding and polishing sample preparation requirements, and performing linear cutting on the sample to be detected by using linear cutting equipment to obtain a cut sample; the size of the cut sample is phi 10 multiplied by 10mm;
2. carrying out embedding treatment on the cut sample by adopting a phi 30mm cold embedding die and a metallographic special embedding material; then, grinding and polishing the sample by using an automatic grinding and polishing machine (Tegraminin-25, struers company), setting a program to sequentially use 9-micron, 3-micron and 1-micron suspensions, and washing and drying the sample by using flowing water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence after the grinding and polishing are finished to obtain a mirror surface sample;
3. accurately measuring 96mL of purified water by using a measuring cylinder, and adding the purified water into a 300mL beaker; then, 4mL of concentrated sulfuric acid is measured by using a drying measuring cylinder, poured into purified water, and slowly poured while stirring to prepare a dilute sulfuric acid solution with a volume fraction of 4%; weighing 1g of potassium permanganate by using an electronic balance and filter paper; pouring 1g of potassium permanganate into 100mL of dilute sulfuric acid solution, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed corrosive agent;
3. putting the mirror surface sample into a beaker filled with a mixed corrosive agent, heating the beaker in 64 ℃ water bath, timing when the temperature is reached, corroding for 1h30min, taking out the sample after corrosion, washing the sample with flowing water, then soaking the surface of the sample with oxalic acid until no other color exists, washing with flowing water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and drying the sample to obtain a metallographic sample;
4. the metallographic microscope (NIM-910, nanjing perpetual new company) was used to observe and analyze the metallographic specimen, and the grain size morphology of the quenched high nitrogen stainless steel was obtained with a magnification of 1000 times, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from the attached figure 1, after the high-nitrogen stainless steel is treated by the quenching process and is corroded by the corrosive agent, the grain boundary is clear and obvious after the corrosive agent is used for corrosion.
Claims (10)
1. The corrosive agent for the quenching structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel is characterized by consisting of potassium permanganate and a dilute sulfuric acid solution; the volume fraction of the dilute sulfuric acid solution is 2-6%; the volume ratio of the mass of the potassium permanganate to the dilute sulfuric acid solution is (0.5-2) g:100mL.
2. The method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
1. preparing a sample by linear cutting: setting the size of a sample according to the requirement of subsequent grinding and polishing sample preparation, and performing linear cutting on the sample to be detected by using linear cutting equipment to obtain a cut sample;
2. grinding, polishing, cleaning and blow-drying the cut sample to obtain a mirror surface sample;
3. soaking and corroding the mirror surface sample by using a corrosive agent of a high-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure, washing by using flowing water after the corrosion is finished, removing the residual corrosive agent, treating by using oxalic acid, and finally washing by using flowing water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence and drying by blowing to obtain a metallographic sample;
4. and observing and analyzing the metallographic specimen by using a metallographic microscope to obtain the microstructure appearance of the quenched high-nitrogen stainless steel.
3. The method for using corrosive agent for quenched structure of high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grinding and polishing in step two is performed by a pre-grinder or a full-automatic grinding and polishing machine.
4. The method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched tissue of the high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pre-grinding machine is used for grinding and polishing the cut sample by using 240# sand paper, 400# sand paper, 800# sand paper, 1000# sand paper, 1500# sand paper and diamond polishing agent with a diameter less than or equal to 3 μm.
5. The use method of the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the full-automatic grinding and polishing machine is used for carrying out sample inlaying treatment according to the aperture of the automatic grinding and polishing disk, and then sample preparation is carried out through a program of the grinding and polishing machine, so that the size of the final suspension is less than or equal to 3 μm.
6. The method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the soaking corrosion time in the second step is 0.5-2 h.
7. The method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel according to claim 2, wherein in the soaking corrosion in the second step, the mirror sample is put into a beaker filled with the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel and is heated in a water bath in the beaker.
8. The method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the soaking corrosion in the second step is heating the beaker filled with the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel in a water bath, and then putting the mirror sample into the beaker until the temperature is measured.
9. The use method of the high-nitrogen stainless steel quenched structure corrosive according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the temperature of the water bath heating is 55-70 ℃.
10. The method for using the corrosive agent for the quenched structure of the high-nitrogen stainless steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microstructure morphology comprises martensite, carbide and grain size.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211468449.1A CN115753306A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | High-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive and using method thereof |
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| CN202211468449.1A CN115753306A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | High-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive and using method thereof |
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| CN115753306A true CN115753306A (en) | 2023-03-07 |
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| CN202211468449.1A Pending CN115753306A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | High-nitrogen stainless steel quenching structure corrosive and using method thereof |
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